US3636730A - Textile mesh and method and apparatus for its manufacture - Google Patents

Textile mesh and method and apparatus for its manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
US3636730A
US3636730A US865620A US3636730DA US3636730A US 3636730 A US3636730 A US 3636730A US 865620 A US865620 A US 865620A US 3636730D A US3636730D A US 3636730DA US 3636730 A US3636730 A US 3636730A
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United States
Prior art keywords
needle
loop
adjacent
transfer element
engaged
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Expired - Lifetime
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US865620A
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English (en)
Inventor
Josef Fecker
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Texpatent GmbH
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Texpatent GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/104—Openwork fabric, e.g. pelerine fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/02—Loop-transfer points
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/02—Knitting tools or instruments not provided for in group D04B15/00 or D04B27/00

Definitions

  • the transferred loop is moved laterally [58] Field of Search ..66/95, '97, l, 199, 198, 178 past an adjacent needle, whereupon the head of the needle is then lowered to engage one of the flanks of the transferred [56] References Cited loop to move same downwardly.
  • the transferred loop is then further moved laterally relative to the adjacent needle to UNITED STATES PATENTS cause the other flank of the transferred loop to pass over the 2 780 082 2/1957 Zeruneith ..66/95 head needle, thereby causing the Planeofthe 'P be 3,470,715 10/1969 Panhum 66/95 rotated approximately 180.
  • the transfer element is then disl 1/1970 pecker U 66/97 engaged from the transferred loop, whereby the twisted trans- 3'503'420 4/1970 Panhum et aL "66/95 ferred loop remains engaged with the adjacent needles.
  • the invention relates to textile mesh products, particularly in the form of stockings and stocking tights, wherein several loops are transferred from their wale into an adjacent wale to prevent the formation of ladders, as well as to a method and a circular knitting machine for manufacturing these mesh articles.
  • ladders are produced in mesh when a loop breaks and releases the loop following in its wale so that the latter in turn slips through the loop holding it, releases this loop and so on until the wale has been completely removed.
  • it is already known practice e.g., from German Pat. specification No. 1,174,448 to extract loops from the wales during the manufacture of stockings and to transfer them from the side on to a needle which is adjacent to the needle producing the pertinent wale.
  • already czmt off loops can be gripped and transferred from the side onto an adjacent needle in the following course, however, as can be seen for example in British Pat. specification No.
  • loops still suspended on the needles can also be laterally expanded and also transferred in the same course onto an adjacent needle.
  • loops are produced with great frequency in the wales and are not or not only held in the preceding loop of said wale, but in the loop of an adjacent wale.
  • a ladder can therefore only reach as far as a laterally transferred loop in the wale, since the transferred loop is not likewise released when the preceding loop is released.
  • the crossing of the thread forming the loop of the transferred loops produces a more closed loop configuration and a smoother surface of the textile mesh product. This is due to the fact that the crossing point lies in the vicinity of the expansion of the transferred loops so that the opening otherwise formed by the expansion is partially covered by the intersecting thread.
  • the known ladder-proof mesh is produced if, on a circular knitting machine having needles which are displaceable in longitudinal grooves of a needle cylinder having a circle of needles, transfer sinkers engage in the cast-ofi loops or in loops still suspended on the needles to expand and transfer the loops onto an adjacent needle.
  • Another problem underlying the invention is to provide this method so that transferred loops are formed by thread interlacing between the top and bottom of the looped portion of the loop. This is achieved by the loops to be transferred being twisted through 180 during transfer relative to the plane of the looped portion and being held in the twisted position by the adjacent needle.
  • This twisting can be effected in any desired manner, for example by the transfer sinkers gripping the loops to be transferred by a hook-shaped working end and then being rotated once about themselves. This naturally requires a complicated drive for moving the transfer sinkers.
  • the looped portion of the loops to be transferred is laid by the transfer sinkers with the outer side of one flank of the loop against the stem of the adjacent needle below the needle head, then the other flank of the loop is drawn over the needle head while on thread intersection is formed inside and another thread intersection outside the circle of needles above the needle head, and finally the loop is released from the transfer sinkers while only the thread intersection lying inside the circle of needles is retained.
  • This method does not require any twisting of the transfer sinkers about their longitudinal axis. It can be carried out on known circular knitting machines with transfer sinkers, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,470,715, 3,491,559 and 3,508,420. All that is required to put the new method into practice on these machines is to control the axial movement of the needles and, if need be, of thetransfer sinkers slightly differently with regard to time.
  • the mesh according to the invention may be produced with particular ease and without thread expansion, if the rear sides of the hook-shaped working ends on the transfer sinkers are provided with a recess with which they can be guided over the heads of the needles taking up the transferred loops.
  • FIG. 1 shows a laterally transferred loop of the mesh according to the invention.
  • FIGS. Za-c show a loop transfer in the mesh according to the invention at three different stages.
  • FIGS. 3ab show a modification of a loop transfer in the mesh according to the invention at two stages. 7
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation and prospective view of the transfer operation.
  • FIGS. 5a-c show the transfer of a single loop at three different stages.
  • FIG. 6 shows a vertical section through a circular knitting machine suitable for manufacturing the mesh product according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a detailed view of a needle and a transfer sinker of the machine as shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 1 two adjacent wales St, and St, are indicated by dot-and-dash lines.
  • a loop Mv is extracted from the wale St, and transferred from the side into the wale 81,.
  • the thread F which defines the looped portion Msch crosses at the point of intersection K, between the foot Mf and the top Mk of the loop. This intersection is produced by rotating the loop Mv once through relative to the plane of the loop during transfer so that the flanks Mfl defining the loop Msch overlap one another at one point.
  • FIGS. 2a-c show the transfer operation in slightly more detail, three wales St and three courses MR,, MR, and MR, being shown therein.
  • the last formed course MR is still suspended on needles 3.
  • a transfer sinker 26 then engages in the already cast-off loop Mv of the wale St, and the course MR: as, can be seen in FIG. 2a.
  • the loop My is radially and laterally expanded and, after being rotated through 180 relative to the plane of the loop in the manner shown in FIG. 2b, is
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b It can be seen in FIGS. 3a and 3b that it is equally possible to transfer a loop M'v laterally from its own course MR, into an adjacent wale. In case also a point of intersection K, is produced between adjacent wales by rotating the loop relative to the plane of its looped portion through 180.
  • FIG. 4 the operation of loop transfer can be seen in a simplified perspective view.
  • the needles 3 rotate with the unshown needle cylinder in the direction of the arrow P.
  • the course MR is still suspended on the needles.
  • From above the hook-shaped working ends 27 of transfer sinkers 26 engage in the loops Mv to be transferred.
  • the transfer sinkers 26 are guided along a path which forms a slight acute angle to the path of the needles 3.
  • the transfer sinkers move along their path at a speed which difl'ers slightly from the peripheral speed of the needles 3.
  • the loops Mv to be transferred are thereby radially and laterally expanded and looped over the adjacent needle.
  • the needles which take up the loops Mv to be transferred are guided upwards at such an early stage that the loops to be transferred bear against the stem 3b of the needle below the needle head 3a.
  • the loop Mv is rotated through 180 relative to the plane of the loop so that it then has a thread intersection K, within the circle of needles, as can be seen in the case of the needle 3".
  • FIGS. Sa-c The operation of twisting the loops to be transferred can be seen in greater detail in FIGS. Sa-c.
  • the outer side of flank Mfl, of the loop Mv is laid by the transfer sinker 26 against the steam 3b of the upward guided needle 3 below the needle head 3a. This stage is shown in FIG. 50.
  • the needle 3 and the transfer sinker 26 are moved relative to one another so that the needle head 34 is lower in relation to the working end 27 of the transfer sinker 26. This can be achieved either by lowering the needle 3 or raising the transfer sinker 26 or by a combination of these steps.
  • the flank Mfl, of the loop Msch following in the direction of movement is moved over and beyond the needle head 3a in the manner shown in FIG. 5b, whereas the flank Mfl, below the needle head 3a bears against the needle stem 3b.
  • the two flanks Mfl, and Mfl, intersect at two points, namely at K, within the circle and at K, outside the circle of needles. If the transfer sinker 26 is then moved upwards, it releases the loop Mv to be transferred. The latter slips back slightly and remains suspended on the needle 3 in the manner shown in FIG. 50.
  • the intersection K, lying outside the needle is removed whereas the intersection K, lying inside the circle of needles is retained.
  • the desired thread'intersection in the transferred loop Mv is thereby achieved.
  • the operation involves rotating the loop Mv to be transferred relative to the plane of the loop through 180.
  • FIG. 6 A circular knitting machine by which the described operation can be performed can be seen in FIG. 6.
  • This circular knitting machine comprises a needle cylinder 1, the outer periphery of which is provided with axially extending longitudinal grooves 2. Knitting needles 3 with needle heads 3a are guided for longitudinal displacement in the grooves 2.
  • conventional latch needles are used, partially in a long embodiment and partially in a short embodiment.
  • the movement of the needles is effected by stationary cylinder cams 5 which are held in a cylinder cam wall 6 and act in known fashion upon laterally projecting feet of the needles 3.
  • the needle cylinder 1 is provided with a main drive schematically represented at H and driven by a main drive shaft 7, a gear wheel 8 and a driving bush 10 having a gear rim 9, said bush being inserted in the needle cylinder 1 and rigidly connected thereto.
  • the parts mentioned are supported on a machine frame 11 which also contains and/or carries the other unshown structural components of the machine which are of conventional design.
  • the upper edge of the needle cylinder 1 is surrounded by a sinker ring 12 which rotates synchronously with'the needle cylinder 1.
  • the sinker ring contains on its upper side grooves 13 extending radially to the needle cylinder, in which grooves castoff sinkers 14 are supported for longitudinal displacement.
  • the radial movement of the cast off sinkers 14 is effected by a stationary sinker carn ring 15 which is carried by a bearing support 16 rigidly connected to the machine frame 11.
  • a thread feeding system is also mounted on'the bearing support, a thread guide being designated by numeral 17.
  • a funnel 18 Inside the needle cylinder 1 is mounted a funnel 18 through which the finished mesh article is drawn downwards.
  • the illustrated sinkers 14 are special sinkers which, apart from the principal problem of cooperating with the needles 3 to form loops during the manufacture of stockings, have the additional problem of temporarily retarding the first courses to produce the double welt. Sinkers of this type are described in German Pat. specification No. 1,169,072 and in US. Pat. No. 3,254,509.
  • a transfer mechanism generally designated by reference numeral 23.
  • the essential component of this mechanism is a carrier body 24 which has a circular cylindrical shape in the illustrated embodiment, and its outer periphery is provided with axial guide grooves 25.
  • the said transfer sinkers 26 together with their downward pointing, hook-shaped working ends 27 are guided for longitudinal displacement in these grooves.
  • the carrier body 24 is rotatably held by a pivot 28 in bearing 29 which is in turn supported on a second bearing 30 rigidly mounted on the machine frame 30.
  • the arrangement is such that the theoretical axis of rotation D, of the carrier body 24 is eccentrically staggered sideways in relation to the theoretical axis of rotation A of the needle cylinder 1.
  • the eccentrically staggered arrangement lies in the direction of the peripheral zone of the needle orbit penetrated by the heads 3a of the needles 3, in which loop transfer is to take place.
  • the diameter of the carrier body is selected so that the orbit described by the transfer sinkers 26 from the guide grooves 25 extends, in plan view, in the vicinity of the path of the needle heads 3a, when the needles 3 and the transfer sinkers 26 are moved through the loop transfer zone.
  • the carrier body 24 is driven by the main shaft 7 via a pair of gears 31 at such a rotational speed that the peripheral speed of the carrier body 24 in the vicinity of the guide grooves 25 difl'ers slightly from that of the needle cylinder 1 in the vicinity of its grooves 2.
  • the transfer sinkers 26 have a slightly higher or lower orbital speed than the needle heads 3.
  • This variable speed is efiected by a corresponding selection of transmission ratios to the main shaft 7 and the needle cylinder 1, on the one hand, and to the carrier body 24, on the other hand.
  • the transfer sinkers 26 are moved through the guide grooves 25 by means of a cam member 32 rigidly connected to the stationary bearing 29, said cam member containing a control cam 33 in which the transfer sinkers 26 engage with lateral feet 34.
  • the described machine is so dimensioned that, in plan view, the orbit of the guide grooves 25 containing the transfer sinkers 26 partially penetrates the orbit of the needle heads 30.
  • the needles 3 and the transfer sinkers 26 of the described machine are controlled by the cam members 5 and the control cam 33 so that they execute the necessary movements for transferring and twisting the loops to be transferred, as shown in FIGS. 4 and Sa-c.
  • the transfer sinkers 26 Since the hook-shaped working ends 27 of the transfer sinkers 26 must be guided directly in front of and above the needle heads 3a during these movements, it is advantageous to design the transfer sinkers 26 as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the rear sides of the working ends 27 are provided with a recess 35 into which the head 3a of each needle 3 projects when the transfer sinker is moved over the needle head.
  • the mesh article according to the invention can also be produced on other knitting machines. It is essential that the loops to be transferred are rotated through relative to the plane of the loop during the transfer operation or that an intersection of the thread forming the loop is ensured.
  • a method for manufacturing a mesh product on a circular knitting machine having a plurality of needles disposed in a ring and movably mounted on a needle cylinder, said knitting machine also having a plurality of transfer elements disposed for engagement with loops of the mesh product for transfer thereof, said method comprising the steps of:
  • a circular knitting machine for performing thereon the method according to claim 1 wherein said needles have hooklrke ends WhlCh are movable on a substantially circular path, and said transfer element having a hooklike end also movable on a substantially circular path disposed so as to form a small angle with respect to the path of movement of the needle heads, and drive means for causing the transfer element to move at a speed slightly different from the speed of rotation of the needles, the transfer element having a recess on the hooklike end thereof for permitting the transfer elements to be guided above and beyond the heads of' the needles during relative lateral movement therebetween.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US865620A 1968-11-26 1969-10-13 Textile mesh and method and apparatus for its manufacture Expired - Lifetime US3636730A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681811053 DE1811053A1 (de) 1968-11-26 1968-11-26 Textile Maschenware sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu ihrer Herstellung

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US3636730A true US3636730A (en) 1972-01-25

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US865620A Expired - Lifetime US3636730A (en) 1968-11-26 1969-10-13 Textile mesh and method and apparatus for its manufacture

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US (1) US3636730A (cs)
JP (1) JPS4812106B1 (cs)
CH (1) CH496124A (cs)
CS (1) CS151534B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE1811053A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1259658A (cs)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3838583A (en) * 1971-03-29 1974-10-01 G Rumi Circular knitting machine
US6085554A (en) * 1999-02-02 2000-07-11 Edelweiss Manufacturing Co., Inc. Loop transfer needle for a circular knitting machine
US6089045A (en) * 1999-02-02 2000-07-18 Edelweiss Manufacturing Co., Inc. Method and apparatus for transferring a loop from a selected needle to an adjacent needle for creating a decorative open work pattern
US6170299B1 (en) * 1999-02-02 2001-01-09 Edelweiss Manufacturing Co., Inc. Method and apparatus for transferring a loop from a selected needle to an adjacent needle for creating a decorative open-work pattern
US6230523B1 (en) * 1999-02-02 2001-05-15 Francesco Gavagnin Apollonio Loop transfer needle for a circular knitting machine
US6539752B1 (en) * 2002-06-10 2003-04-01 Francesco Gavagnin Apollonio Fine gauge knitted fabric with open-work pattern
CN107268162A (zh) * 2016-04-04 2017-10-20 株式会社岛精机制作所 编织纱线的防止脱线方法
CN113789602A (zh) * 2021-08-05 2021-12-14 斓帛职业培训学校(桐乡)有限公司 一种新型全成型针织服装洞眼组织及其编织方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6321578B1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2001-11-27 Francesco Gavagnin Apollonio Method and apparatus for transferring a loop from a selected needle to an adjacent needle for creating a decorative open-work pattern with no-run stitch and loop transfer knitting needle
CN116536837B (zh) * 2023-04-25 2025-05-27 闽南理工学院 一种基于电脑横机编织的新型扭针织物及编织方法

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3838583A (en) * 1971-03-29 1974-10-01 G Rumi Circular knitting machine
US6085554A (en) * 1999-02-02 2000-07-11 Edelweiss Manufacturing Co., Inc. Loop transfer needle for a circular knitting machine
US6089045A (en) * 1999-02-02 2000-07-18 Edelweiss Manufacturing Co., Inc. Method and apparatus for transferring a loop from a selected needle to an adjacent needle for creating a decorative open work pattern
US6170299B1 (en) * 1999-02-02 2001-01-09 Edelweiss Manufacturing Co., Inc. Method and apparatus for transferring a loop from a selected needle to an adjacent needle for creating a decorative open-work pattern
US6230523B1 (en) * 1999-02-02 2001-05-15 Francesco Gavagnin Apollonio Loop transfer needle for a circular knitting machine
US6539752B1 (en) * 2002-06-10 2003-04-01 Francesco Gavagnin Apollonio Fine gauge knitted fabric with open-work pattern
US6662599B1 (en) * 2002-06-10 2003-12-16 Lonati S.P.A. Fine gauge knitted fabric with open-work pattern
US20040000172A1 (en) * 2002-06-10 2004-01-01 Lonati S.P.A. Method of forming a fine gauge knitted fabric with open-work pattern
US7069751B2 (en) * 2002-06-10 2006-07-04 Lonati S.P.A. Method of forming a fine gauge knitted fabric with open-work pattern
CN107268162A (zh) * 2016-04-04 2017-10-20 株式会社岛精机制作所 编织纱线的防止脱线方法
CN107268162B (zh) * 2016-04-04 2019-05-14 株式会社岛精机制作所 编织纱线的防止脱线方法
CN113789602A (zh) * 2021-08-05 2021-12-14 斓帛职业培训学校(桐乡)有限公司 一种新型全成型针织服装洞眼组织及其编织方法

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Publication number Publication date
GB1259658A (cs) 1972-01-12
JPS4812106B1 (cs) 1973-04-18
CH496124A (de) 1970-09-15
DE1811053A1 (de) 1970-08-06
CS151534B2 (cs) 1973-10-19

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