US3634793A - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US3634793A
US3634793A US2916A US3634793DA US3634793A US 3634793 A US3634793 A US 3634793A US 2916 A US2916 A US 2916A US 3634793D A US3634793D A US 3634793DA US 3634793 A US3634793 A US 3634793A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
armature
contact
spring
permanent magnet
members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US2916A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Works Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3634793A publication Critical patent/US3634793A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272—Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H2047/025—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay with taking into account of the thermal influences, e.g. change in resistivity of the coil or being adapted to high temperatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel and improved electromagnetic relay, more particularly, to an electromagnetic relay which is capableof withstanding high temperatures.
  • a disadvantage of an .electromagnetic relay is that its operating temperature is dependent on the resistance of the windings in the coil. Thus, a wider and also a higher range of operating voltages is required, especially in view of the temperature fluctuations caused by the environments in which the relays are intended to function. Moreover, the resulting higher operating power also requires a greater contact pressure, that is, a larger number of contacts, is needed for its successful operation.
  • the present invention directs itself generally to the provision of a novel type of relay basically and uniquely capable of overcoming these disadvantages and meeting the above-mentioned objectives and others as will hereinafter more fully appear.
  • the electromagnetic relay of the present invention includes the following features:
  • the armature is exposed to a permanent magnetic force of attraction of which a substantial part is stored in the contact springs;
  • At least one permanent magnet is provided which has a magnetic flux that falls with rising temperature
  • An object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic relay capable of withstanding high temperatures.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic relay capable of operating over a wide range of temperatures.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an operating electromagnetic relay having at least two permanent magnets, one of which has a temperature coefficient below 0.05 and the other has a temperature coefficient above 2.0.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic relay of the foregoing type which can be inexpensively and accurately manufactured and calibrated so that it will operate to perform its desired function.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic presentation of the construction of a permanent magnet system generating magnetic fluxes 0,, 6, when the armature is in its central position.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the construction of the system in FIG. 1 in which the annature has a unilateral position of rest producing fluxes 0',,.
  • the flux 6, is negligibly small in relation to 0, and this fact alone shows that permanent magnet systems having two corresponding airgaps have a much better efficiency than systems with only one airgap.
  • High efflciency of the permanent magnet system gains in importance when useful forces therefrom and/or reservesare stored for compensating thermal effects.
  • FIG. 3 is a section C-C' of the symmetrically designed polarized relay in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a section taken on the line A-A in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a section taken on the line 8-5 in FIG. 4.
  • FIGS. 6 to 10 illustrate'the interplay of forces of the magnet system when cold and warm with several compensating springs in the deflection range of the armature.
  • FIG. 11 is a modifiedform of the central holding arrangement for thearrnature.
  • the illustrated magnet system is symmetrical about its X and Y axes so that not all the mirror symmetrical parts and forces are actually shown and/or indicated.
  • the armature 1 is mounted in diamagnetic bearing plates 3, 3' inside the coil 7, and is deflectable about the armature bearing 2 between ferromagnetic pole shoes 4, 4. This arrangement improves efficiency because no electromagnetic leakage flux exists in the coil center and the generated electromagnetic flux is fully utilized.
  • the bearing plates 3, 3 are located on shoulders l3, l3 and are spot welded to the pole shoes 4, 4'. Both the actuating members l4, l4 and the adjustable springs 11, 11' which bear against the flanks of the armature and which at the same time serve as magnetic separators are riveted or spot welded to the ends of the armature 1.
  • the permanent magnet 5 or 5' may be composed of a plurality of magnets having different temperature coefficients and cooperating in parallel or in series.
  • Theactuating members 14, 14 are provided with pips 15, 15' formed by an insulating heat shrinkable tube.
  • the flanges 6 of the coil body carry coil connectors 18 which come into contact with the coil terminal pins 25, 25' as soon as the magnet system is secured to the baseplate 19 in conventional manner.
  • the baseplate 19 is fitted with the contact tenninals 20, 20, 20" and the coil terminal pins 25, 25.
  • the contacts 21, 21', 21" are brazed or spot welded to the contact terminals 20, 20', 20".
  • the contact springs 22, 22' are doubled back upon themselves and likewise brazed or spot welded to a terminal pin in conventional manner.
  • the center contacts 24, 24' are spot welded or brazed at joint 26 to the contact spring 22 and they extend fork-shaped alongside the likewise bifurcated contact springs 23, 23' so that upon operation the contact deflection path 2a (FIG. 6) exceeds the deflection path of the joint 26 approximately in the ratio of l ,/l,.
  • Between the contact springs 23, 23 are the pips 15 and 15 respectively which operate the spring contact in I-I-direction when the armature moves.
  • the curve M (FIG. 6) shows the force-deflection curve of the armature l in FIGS. 1 and 2 when the permanent magnet 5, 5' is cold; whereas curve M, is that obtained when the permanent magnet having a corresponding temperature coefficient is warm. Consequently, the deflection force P, is smaller than P,.
  • Point O in FIG. 6 corresponds to the center position of the armature in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5 and s is therefore half the total available armature deflection.
  • the pip 15 moves the contact spring 23 or 23 practically without resistance until the center contact 24 or 24' touches the contact 21 or 21'.
  • the contact pressure P and hence the deflecting force P or P can be considerably varied by adjusting the pip 15 in V- direction, so that either a magnet with a relatively low-temperature coefficient can be used or at higher temperatures the degree of energization for response can even be lower than at lower temperatures.
  • adjustable springs 12, 12 are riveted or spot welded to adjustable lugs 9, 9' on a bridge 10 and provide a biasing force P by bearing against an adjustable stool 16.
  • the magnitude of the bias can be adjusted by bending the adjustable lugs 9, 9. This establishes a stable center position for the armature.
  • the distance b in FIG. 9 is the necessary clearance between an adjustable spring 12 or 12 and the stop 17 which is firmly connected to the armature forms part thereof.
  • the stable center position of the armature thus established can be shifted in the one or the other direction by adjusting the position of the stool 16.
  • FIG. 9 is the diagram of forces for a center position of rest.
  • M M f respectively M' M'rf Since in the region of the center position of the armature no significant permanent magnetic forces are present the armature is located approximately with a force P or P,,.
  • FIG. 10 is the diagram of forces for three stable positions of rest of armature, where the adjustable springs 12, 12' have a flatter spring rate f than f;, for the center position of rest and hold the armature 1 by means of the stop 17 in a center position with a force P
  • An electromagnetic relay comprising a baseplate, a hollow magnetizing coil structure mounted on said baseplate and having two facing pole shoes, an armature of magnetic material pivotably mounted between said pole shoes and within said hollow coil structure to define with said coil structure magnetic flux circuits, a pair of permanent magnets positioned adjacent said armature for producing a polarized magnetic flux between said pole shoes and said armature, bearing plates on opposite sides of said armature and providing a pivotal support for said armature, contact means operatively associated with said armature and including a pair of contact springs, a pair of actuating elements secured to said armature for trans mitting movement of said armature to said contact springs, spring members, adjustable lug members associated with said spring members, a stop member, an adjustable stool member, said spring members straddling said stop member and biased to bear against said stool member to hold said armature in a stable central position.
  • An electromagnetic relay comprising spaced pole means for establishing a magnetic field, an armature of magnetic material pivotably mounted between said pole means to define therewith magnetic flux circuits, at least one permanent magnet positioned adjacent said armature for producing a permanent magnetic field acting upon said armature, said permanent magnet having a temperature coefficient of at least 0.2 percent per C., and contact means operatively associated with said armature and including spring contact means, said contact spring means and the permanent magnet field being such that the force exerted on the armature by the contact spring means is equal to a substantial portion of the force exerted on the armature by said at least one permanent magnet.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
US2916A 1969-01-20 1970-01-14 Electromagnetic relay Expired - Lifetime US3634793A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1902610 1969-01-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3634793A true US3634793A (en) 1972-01-11

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ID=5722861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US2916A Expired - Lifetime US3634793A (en) 1969-01-20 1970-01-14 Electromagnetic relay

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3634793A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH522948A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1902610B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2030169A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1255133A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3911383A (en) * 1973-05-14 1975-10-07 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Electromagnetic relay
US3921107A (en) * 1973-06-30 1975-11-18 Elmeg Electro-magnetic relay
US3946347A (en) * 1973-04-13 1976-03-23 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. Electromagnetic relay structure
US3949332A (en) * 1973-07-09 1976-04-06 Elmeg Elektro-Mechanik Gmbh Rapid action relay
US3993971A (en) * 1974-05-15 1976-11-23 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
US4296393A (en) * 1979-01-25 1981-10-20 Hans Sauer Contact spring arrangement for an electromagnetic relay
US4323945A (en) * 1979-01-25 1982-04-06 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Polarized electromagnetic relay
US4437078A (en) 1981-02-03 1984-03-13 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Polarized electromagnetic device
US4621246A (en) * 1984-07-25 1986-11-04 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Polarized electromagnet relay
US4728917A (en) * 1986-01-16 1988-03-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic relay wherein response voltage is rendered temperature independent
US4864264A (en) * 1988-01-20 1989-09-05 Sigma Instruments, Inc. Bistable toggling indicator
EP0930632A1 (fr) * 1998-01-16 1999-07-21 Schneider Electric Sa Appareil interrupteur à commande électromagnétique

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1902610B1 (de) * 1969-01-20 1969-12-11 Sauer, Hans, 8000 München Elektromagnetisches Relais
EP0040778B1 (en) * 1980-05-16 1984-09-26 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Polarized electromagnetic device
DE3837666A1 (de) * 1988-11-05 1990-05-10 Gruner Kg Relais Fabrik Relais

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3178532A (en) * 1962-12-05 1965-04-13 Connecticut Valley Entpr Inc Electromagnetic relay with contact supported armature
DE1213917B (de) * 1965-03-04 1966-04-07 Hans Sauer Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH241771A (de) * 1944-06-03 1946-03-31 Siemens Ag Albis Polarisiertes Magnetsystem.
FR1129189A (fr) * 1955-07-21 1957-01-16 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs électromagnétiques
US2888533A (en) * 1958-01-23 1959-05-26 Clare & Co C P Center stable polar relay
DE1125547B (de) * 1959-03-13 1962-03-15 Siemens Ag Magnetische Schaltvorrichtung mit dauermagnetisiertem Anker
DE1243271B (de) * 1966-04-12 1967-06-29 Hans Sauer Elektromagnetisches Umschaltrelais mit geschuetztem Kontaktsystem
DE1614516B1 (de) * 1967-04-27 1971-12-30 Siemens Ag Gepoltes relais mit bistabiler haftcharakteristik
DE6907840U (de) * 1968-02-27 1972-11-30 Sauer Hans Elektromagnetisches umschaltrelais mit geschuetztem kontaktsystem.
DE1902610B1 (de) * 1969-01-20 1969-12-11 Sauer, Hans, 8000 München Elektromagnetisches Relais

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3178532A (en) * 1962-12-05 1965-04-13 Connecticut Valley Entpr Inc Electromagnetic relay with contact supported armature
DE1213917B (de) * 1965-03-04 1966-04-07 Hans Sauer Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais
US3368170A (en) * 1965-03-04 1968-02-06 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Polarized electromagnetic relay

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946347A (en) * 1973-04-13 1976-03-23 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. Electromagnetic relay structure
US3911383A (en) * 1973-05-14 1975-10-07 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Electromagnetic relay
US3921107A (en) * 1973-06-30 1975-11-18 Elmeg Electro-magnetic relay
US3949332A (en) * 1973-07-09 1976-04-06 Elmeg Elektro-Mechanik Gmbh Rapid action relay
US3993971A (en) * 1974-05-15 1976-11-23 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
US4323945A (en) * 1979-01-25 1982-04-06 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Polarized electromagnetic relay
US4296393A (en) * 1979-01-25 1981-10-20 Hans Sauer Contact spring arrangement for an electromagnetic relay
US4437078A (en) 1981-02-03 1984-03-13 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Polarized electromagnetic device
US4621246A (en) * 1984-07-25 1986-11-04 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Polarized electromagnet relay
EP0169542A3 (en) * 1984-07-25 1987-02-25 Sds-Relais Ag Polarized electromagnet relay
US4728917A (en) * 1986-01-16 1988-03-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic relay wherein response voltage is rendered temperature independent
US4864264A (en) * 1988-01-20 1989-09-05 Sigma Instruments, Inc. Bistable toggling indicator
EP0930632A1 (fr) * 1998-01-16 1999-07-21 Schneider Electric Sa Appareil interrupteur à commande électromagnétique
FR2773910A1 (fr) * 1998-01-16 1999-07-23 Schneider Electric Sa Appareil interrupteur a commande electromagnetique
US6031437A (en) * 1998-01-16 2000-02-29 Schneider Electric Sa Switch with electromagnetic command

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1255133A (en) 1971-11-24
SU406389A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-11-05
FR2030169A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-30
CH522948A (de) 1972-05-15
DE1902610B1 (de) 1969-12-11

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