US3631701A - Device for shock-deformation of workpieces - Google Patents

Device for shock-deformation of workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3631701A
US3631701A US860752A US3631701DA US3631701A US 3631701 A US3631701 A US 3631701A US 860752 A US860752 A US 860752A US 3631701D A US3631701D A US 3631701DA US 3631701 A US3631701 A US 3631701A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
chamber
wall
shock
die
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Expired - Lifetime
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US860752A
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English (en)
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Heinrich Hertel
Dietrich Ruppin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/003—Simultaneous forming, e.g. making more than one part per stroke

Definitions

  • An explosive performing device comprises a chamber composed of a plurality of walls. Either the top and bottom wall are movable toward and away from one another between a chamber-closing and a chamber-opening position; alternately the top and bottom wall may be stationary and the circumferential wall could be composed of at least two sections which are so movable.
  • the inertia of the movable walls is so selected that it at least substantially equals the shock pressure necessary for producing the energy level required to obtain the deformation of a workpiece into conformance with the surface contour of one or more dies located in the interior of the pressure chamber.
  • An explosive device serves to produce a sudden increase in pressure in the chamber.
  • Energy-consuming connecting means connects those walls which are movable relative to one another and serves to consume shock-pressure energy in excess of the predetermined energy level during the relative movement of the walls from chamberclosing to chamber-opening position.
  • the present invention relates to a device for shock-deformation of workpieces in general, and more particularly to such a device which has a self-venting pressure chamber.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an improved device for shock-deformation of workpieces.
  • An additional object and a more specific one is to provide such a device which is simpler and less expensive in its construction than was heretofore possible.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a device which is smaller than heretofore possible.
  • a device for shock-deformation of workpieces which comprises wall means surrounding a pressure chamber arranged to accommodate a workpiece and a die having a surface contour which is to be imparted to the workpiece for shock-deformation of the latter into conformance with the surface contour.
  • the wall means includes at least two walls at least one of which is movable relative to the other between a chamberclosing position and a chamber-opening position, and the wall means has an inertia so selected as to at least substantially equal the necessary shock-pressure for producing the predetermined energy level requisite to obtain the desired deformation of the workpiece so that upon exceeding of the necessary shock-pressure relative movement of the walls to the chamber-opening position results with concomitant venting of the chamber.
  • Shock-pressure producing means is provided for producing a sudden increase in pressure in the chamber.
  • Energy-consuming connecting means connects the walls to one another and is operative for consuming shockpressure energy in excess of the predetermined level during relative movement of the walls to chamber-opening position.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through an apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of FIG. 1 with the outer casing of the apparatus omitted for the sake of clarity;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a section taken on the line IVIV of FIG. 3 but with the outer casing of FIG. 3 omitted;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a section taken on the line VI-Vl of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a section taken on the line VII-VII of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 5 but illustrating yet an additional embodiment of the invention.
  • reference numeral 1 identifies the top wall
  • reference numeral 2 the bottom wall of a pressure chamber which is defined, in conjunction with the walls 1 and 2, by a circumferential wall composed of a plurality of sections 4.
  • the top and bottom walls, 1 and 2 are connected immovably with one another by means of the bolts 3.
  • the sections 4 of the circumferential wall are connected with one another for relative movement. It is emphasized that while four of the sections 4 have been illustrated in FIG. 2, the number may be greater or smaller, except that at least two sections must be provided in order to obtain the construction according to the present invention.
  • the sections 4 in the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 have abutting flanges 4a provided with suitable bores through which the bolts 12 extend. Interposed between the heads of the bolts 12 and the respective flange 4a, are elastically yieldable elements 13, such as springs which in the illustrated embodiment are illustrated as elements of elastomeric material.
  • elastically yieldable elements 13 such as springs which in the illustrated embodiment are illustrated as elements of elastomeric material.
  • a shock-producing means is mounted in the top wall I and may be in form of an explosive cartridge 5 and actuating means 6 therefor.
  • actuating means 6 requires detailed discussion herein because they are well known in the art and do not in themselves form a part of the present invention. Needless to say, other means for producing a sudden increase in the pressure in the interior of the pressure chamber is also conceivable and could be employed with the present invention without detracting from the inventive concept.
  • a die 7 Mounted on the inwardly facing side of the bottom wall 2 is a die 7 having a predetermined surface contour here shown to be recessed, and overlying this recessed surface contour is a workpiece 8, which is to be deformed into conformance with the surface contour.
  • Sealing means 9 seals the workpiece 8 with reference to the surface of the die 7, so that the two define between themselves a hollow space 10 which in known manner is evacuated through the evacuating conduit 11. It is emphasized that evidently the surface contour to which the workpiece 8 is to be deformed can also be provided directly in the bottom wall 2, rather than in a separate die 7 as illustrated.
  • the construction and configuration of the resilient elements 13 is such, as is the construction of the sections 4, that it is the inertia of the masses of the sections 4 which resists the increasing pressure in the interior of the chamber upon actuation of the shockrpressure producing means, until such time as the predetermined peak pressure has been reached. Thereupon, the abutting flanges 4a of adjacent ones of these sections 4 move apart, opening the gaps 14, and the pressure is vented from the interior of the chamber.
  • the device thus far described and seen in top view in FIG. 2 be accommodated free standing in the interior of an outer casing 15 which contains the pressure-transmitting fluid, identified with reference numeral 16 and for instance constituted of oil.
  • the level 17.0f the fluid 16 is so selected that the pressure chamber 18 is completely filled with the fluid 16. This can be achieved in various ways, for instanceand as shown in FIG. 1-by selecting the diameter of one or both of the walls 1, 2 so that it is somewhatsmaller than the inner diameter circumscribed by the sections 4, leaving the annular gaps 19.
  • the unit composed of the elements 1,2,3 and 7 can simply be lifted upwardly out of the confines of the sections 4 which latter remain in the interior of the outer casing 15. During such lifting, the pressure fluid runs out of the space between the elements 1 and 2, and the deformed workpiece can be readily removed to be replaced with a new workpiece, that is a new blank which is to undergo deformation.
  • the presence of the members 13 provides connection of the sections 4 in such a manner that energy developing in the interior of the chamber 18 during the pressure built up, and which is in excess of the energy required for effecting deformation of the workpiece 8, is not transmitted to the exterior in form of reaction forces, but is, instead, consumed during the relative movement of the sections 4, that is the energy is first stored in the compressed members 13 and subsequently released and used when after venting the members expand and restore the flanges 4a into abutting position.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 it will be seen that this differs from FIGS. 1 and 2 in that it is the circumferential wall 20 bounding the pressure chamber 18 which is immovable-here consisting of one piece-whereas the top wall 21 and the bottom wall 22 are movable with reference to one another and to the wall 20.
  • the walls 21 and 22 are connected with one another by the bolts 22 which are again provided with the spring elements 13 analogous to those shown in FIG. 2.
  • the walls 21 and 22 which perform the relative movements described above with reference to the sections 4 in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the arrangement of the bolts is so selected that with the device in the position shown in FIG.
  • the walls 21 and 22 together with their connecting bolts 23 may be shifted horizontally with reference to the wall 20. This is necessary to permit the introduction into the interior of the pressure chamber 18 of an insert 24 having mounted therein the cartridge 5 and the actuating means 6, as the shock-pressure producing means will be identified hereafter for the sake ofconvenience.
  • a second insert 25 must be insertable, carrying the die 7.
  • the evacuating conduit 11 must of course communicate with the interior space defined between the workpiece 8 and the die 7 via a conduit section provided in the insert 25.
  • the walls 21,22 and their associate bolts 23 are moved as a unit towards the left-hand side in FIG. 3, and the insert 24 is then inserted from above or from below. Thereupon, the walls 21 and 22 with their bolts 23 are moved as a unit towards the right-hand side from their position illustrated in FIG. 3, the insert 25 is inserted from above or from below, and the walls are then restored to the position shown in FIG. 3.
  • the device is again accommodated in an outer casing 15, but in this instance, it is secured to the wall of the casing 15 by means of screws 26 which in the illustrated embodiment enter into corresponding bores provided in the circumferential wall 20.
  • Reference numeral 16 again identifies the pressure trans mitting fluid
  • reference numeral 17 the level of the fluid 16
  • reference numeral 14 the gaps corresponding to the gaps 14 of FIGS. 1 and 2 but here defined between the walls 21 and 22, on the one hand, and the inserts 24,25 and circumferential wall 20, on the other hand, through which gaps 14 the interior of the chamber 18 is vented when the peak pressure has been reached.
  • removal of the inserts 24 and 25 for replacement of the spent cartridge 5 and for removal of the deformed workpiece and replacement with a new blank is accommodated by a reversal of the shifting motions of the walls 21 and 22.
  • the movable walls are again the top wall 21 and the bottom wall 22', and the stationary wall is the circumferential wall 20'.
  • the walls 21' and 22' are not laterally shiftable with reference to the wall 20. Instead, they are each individually secured to the circumferential wall 20' by means of the bolts 26 (compare FIGS. 6 and 7) with the resilient members 13 again being associated with the bolts 26 in the same manner as in the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, 4.
  • the insert 24 carrying the cartridge 5 and the actuating means 6, and the insert 25' carrying the die 7, are here introduced into the chamber 18 by moving them slidably into the chamber laterally of the walls 21 and 22', respectively.
  • the dimensions of the chamber 18 in the direction of the section line VIVI in FIG. 5, are larger than the corresponding dimensions of the walls 21' and 22, as clearly evident from FIG. 5, of course, as well as from FIG. 6.
  • the excess space is, however, taken up when the inserts 24 and 25' are inserted, in the illustrated embodiment vertically from above by means of the extensions 28 and 29, respectively, which are in turn provided with the handles 32 and 33 (compare FIG. 5).
  • the outer casing is identified with reference numeral 15' and the device thus far described is again accommodated in the outer casing, being rigidly connected therewith.
  • Reference numeral 16 again identifies the body of pressure-transmitting fluid, and reference numeral 17 the level of the fluid.
  • the casing 15' is closed at its upper side with a cover 27 provided with two cutouts through which the extensions 28 and 29 respectively extend outwardly. To overlay these cutouts, there are provided cover plates 30 and 31, respectively, on the extensions 28 and 29 at the outer side of the cover 27. The iatter will be secured releasably in suitable manner with the circumferential wall of the casing 15.
  • FIGS. 5-7 provide a circulating conduit consisting of the sections 34 and 37 of which the former communicates with the interior of the casing 15 near the bottom thereof whereas the latter communicates with the interior of the casing 15 near the top thereof.
  • a circuiating pump 36 interposed in this conduit is a circuiating pump 36 effecting circulation of the liquid 16 in the direction indicated by the arrow, and there is further interposed a replaceable filter 35 of suitable construction which is capable of filtering out the undesired impurities.
  • FIG. 8 it will be seen that it is somewhat similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 5-7. in FlG. 8, however, the shock energy is used for simultaneous deformation of not one but two or even more workpieces 8.
  • FIG. 8 which is quite similar to that of FIGS. 5-7, replaces the insert 24 of FIGS. 5-7 with an insert 25" which latter carries an additional die 7 whose surface contour evidently need not be the same as the surface contour of the die 7 carried by the insert 25'.
  • the cartridge 5 and the actuating means 6 therefore are in this embodiment accommodated in the top wall 21" which corresponds to the wall 21' of FIGS. 5-7 but is of course suitably modified to accept the cartridge 5 and the actuating means 6 therefor.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 8 corresponds to that of FIGS. 5-7.
  • the masses of the dies no longer share the movement of the movable walls, so that the masses of the movable walls can be so related with reference to one another and be coupled elastically in such a manner that the transmission of reaction forces to the exterior of the device is avoided.
  • the elastic coupling of the movable walls limits the extent to which the movable walls can move, and therefore makes it possible to decrease the overall size of the device.
  • connections i.e., the evacuating conduits
  • the dies or with the cartridge 5 of such type that they have to be movable
  • these connections are associated with components of the device which are movable in response to development of interior pressure. Because these connections are now stationary with reference to the frame or support of the device, mechanization and automation of the operation of devices of this type is greatly facilitated.
  • a further advantage results from the limiting of the movement which can be performed by the movable components, in conjunction with the fact that connection with the dies and with the cartridge are stationary.
  • the result of this is the fact that the device can be operated in a relatively small-dimensioned closed outer casing containing the pressure-transmitting fluid. This eliminates the provision of separate filling devices filling the interior of the pressure chamber with pressure fluid and not only avoids the expense for providing such devices, but also reduces the time heretofore required for the operation of these devices.
  • the device can be operated in a closed outer casing, the noise produced during its operation is considerably less than heretofore the case, particularly with respect to the high frequency which had been especially objectionable, and the safety of operation is significantly increased.
  • a device for shock-deformation of workpieces comprising rigid wall means surrounding a pressure chamber arranged to accommodate a workpiece and a die having a surface contour which is to be imparted to said workpiece by shock-deformation of the latter into conformance with said surface contour, said wall means including a top end wall, a bottom end wall, and a peripheral wall comprising at least two wall sections at least one of which is movable relative to the other between a chamber-closing position and a chamber-opening position, said wall sections having an inertia so selected as to at least substantially equal the necessary shock-pressure for producing the predetermined energy level requisite to obtain the desired deformation of said workpiece so that upon exceeding of said necessary shock-pressure relative movement of said wall sections to said chamber-opening position results with concomitant venting of said chamber; securing means rigidly securing said top end wall and said bottom end wall to one another against relative movement; shock-pressure producing means
  • a device as defined in claim 4 further comprising an insert member insertable into and withdrawable from said pressure chamber, and wherein said die is mounted on said insert member.
  • said cleaning means comprising conduit means having an inlet and an outlet both communicating with the interior of said outer casing, circulating means for circulating said liquid through said conduit means, and contaminant-removing means for removing contaminants from said liquid circulating through said conduit means.
  • shock-pressure producing means is rigid with one of said end walls.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
US860752A 1968-09-25 1969-09-24 Device for shock-deformation of workpieces Expired - Lifetime US3631701A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681777209 DE1777209A1 (de) 1968-09-25 1968-09-25 Vorrichtung zur Hochleistungsumformung von Werkstuecken,insbesondere aus Blech,mit Hilfe von Schockwirkungsmitteln

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US3631701A true US3631701A (en) 1972-01-04

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US860752A Expired - Lifetime US3631701A (en) 1968-09-25 1969-09-24 Device for shock-deformation of workpieces

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US (1) US3631701A (cs)
JP (1) JPS5024719B1 (cs)
CS (1) CS152330B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE1777209A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1286306A (cs)
SE (1) SE343491B (cs)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4079612A (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-03-21 Polikarp Polikarpovich Smirnov Arrangement for explosion treatment of materials
US7266982B1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2007-09-11 Guza David E Hydroforming device and method
WO2015071869A1 (fr) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Adm28 S.Àr.L Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage
US20170348751A1 (en) * 2014-12-29 2017-12-07 Adm28 S.Àr.L Chamber for an electrohydraulic forming device

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2935038A (en) * 1955-08-26 1960-05-03 Anheuser Busch Apparatus for metal forming using explosive pressures
US3044430A (en) * 1957-10-28 1962-07-17 Frank E Zeigler Shock wave metal forming method and apparatus
US3065720A (en) * 1957-10-08 1962-11-27 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Apparatus and method for high velocity forming of metals using high explosives
US3232085A (en) * 1959-08-31 1966-02-01 Inoue Kiyoshi Machining apparatus utilizing electro discharge pressure
US3267710A (en) * 1962-09-24 1966-08-23 Inoue Kiyoshi Impulsive shaping and bonding of metals and other materials
US3273365A (en) * 1963-05-14 1966-09-20 Cincinnati Shaper Co Method and apparatus for forming metal
GB1056343A (en) * 1962-07-17 1967-01-25 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren Metal forming apparatus using high energy explosive pressures
US3464249A (en) * 1965-11-30 1969-09-02 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Method of and apparatus for explosive treatment of metals

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2935038A (en) * 1955-08-26 1960-05-03 Anheuser Busch Apparatus for metal forming using explosive pressures
US3065720A (en) * 1957-10-08 1962-11-27 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Apparatus and method for high velocity forming of metals using high explosives
US3044430A (en) * 1957-10-28 1962-07-17 Frank E Zeigler Shock wave metal forming method and apparatus
US3232085A (en) * 1959-08-31 1966-02-01 Inoue Kiyoshi Machining apparatus utilizing electro discharge pressure
GB1056343A (en) * 1962-07-17 1967-01-25 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren Metal forming apparatus using high energy explosive pressures
US3267710A (en) * 1962-09-24 1966-08-23 Inoue Kiyoshi Impulsive shaping and bonding of metals and other materials
US3273365A (en) * 1963-05-14 1966-09-20 Cincinnati Shaper Co Method and apparatus for forming metal
US3464249A (en) * 1965-11-30 1969-09-02 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Method of and apparatus for explosive treatment of metals

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4079612A (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-03-21 Polikarp Polikarpovich Smirnov Arrangement for explosion treatment of materials
US7266982B1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2007-09-11 Guza David E Hydroforming device and method
WO2015071869A1 (fr) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Adm28 S.Àr.L Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage
FR3013243A1 (fr) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-22 Adm28 S Ar L Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage
CN105828970A (zh) * 2013-11-15 2016-08-03 Adm28责任有限公司 电动液压成形装置
US9937547B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2018-04-10 Adm28 S.Ar.L. Electrohydraulic forming device
US20170348751A1 (en) * 2014-12-29 2017-12-07 Adm28 S.Àr.L Chamber for an electrohydraulic forming device
US10758960B2 (en) * 2014-12-29 2020-09-01 Adm28 S.Àr.L Chamber for an electrohydraulic forming device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1286306A (en) 1972-08-23
JPS5024719B1 (cs) 1975-08-18
DE1777209A1 (de) 1971-04-01
SE343491B (cs) 1972-03-13
CS152330B2 (cs) 1973-12-19

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