Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/07—Lubricating the moulds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
  • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
  • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/14—Group 7
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/242—Hot working
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/243—Cold working
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
  • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
  • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
  • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel

Definitions

• a method of lubricating continuous castings of metals, particularly steel which comprises introducing into the continuous-casting mold during casting a lubricant consisting of a lubricating oil, such as rape oil, in which additives are incorporated for increasing the proportion of carbon-containing constituents in the residues formed in the mold by pyrolytic decomposition.
• a lubricating oil such as rape oil
• the present invention relates to a method of lubricating continuous-castings, for improving the cast products, by introducing an improved lubricant into the continuouscasting mold.
• lubricant In continuous casting lubricant is introduced in the mold to ensure that the casting will slide through the mold satisfactorily. To be suitable, the lubricant must reduce the friction between the wall of the mold and the surface of the casting, but should not adversely affect the quality of the cast product.
• the preferred lubricants are vegetable oils; mineral oils and liquefied paraffins are also frequently used, but these lubricants have several drawbacks.
• Vegetable oils are usually expensive to use.
• the use of major quantities of vegetable oils introduces the risk of increased absorption of hydrogen by the steel and this depreciates the quality of the casting, for instance by causing the appearance of pores in or directly below the surface.
• Mineral oils, which like parafiin oil are frequently used due to their lower cost, have the drawback that their lubricating effect is often insufficient and that their combustion is accompanied by the formation of a sooty flame which obscures the visibility of the mold interior.
• Liquefied paraffins are also unsatisfactory because rather large quantities are required and because special arrangements must be made to keep them liquid in the feed pump and pipes. And, particularly when casting different grades of stainless steel, an undesirable cementation of the surface zone often results.
• the lubricating method of this invention comprises introducing into the mold a lubricant containing additives which will raise the carbon content of the residues formed by pyrolytic decomposition.
• the lubricant of this invention consists of at least two components.
• the principal component which may have a lubricating function, serves as a carrier for other components, namely, for the additives.
• the principal component may be a conventional lubricant oil.
• the suitable lubricating oil contains unsaturated organic compounds, such as appropriate fatty acids or their glycerides, which cannot be easily decomposed into readily volatilized components because their molecules have been linked by suitable additions or catalysts at room temperature, elevated temperature or during pyrolysis by condensation.
• Alternative principal components of the lubricant may be binary, ternary or higher mixtures of mineral oils and vegetable or animal oils, as well as mixtures of unsaturated natural or synthetic fatty acids or oils.
• additives which are soluble in the conventional lubricating oil and which increase the carbon containing content of the residues when at least partial decomposition takes place in the mold at the high temperatures involved.
• the preferred principal component of the lubricant is rape oil, or its practical equivalent colza oil, which possesses a high lubricity besides burning with a nearly smokeless flame.
• the purpose of the additives is to increase the proportion of carbon-containing residues that form by pyrolysis and thus to improve the normal lubricity of the principal component alone, so that the lubricant substantially prevents sticking of the skin of the casting to the walls of the mold.
• a suitable addition is preferably lead naphthenate. It has been found, for example, that an addition to rape oil of 0.53% of lead napthenate having a lead content of 30% will raise the carbonization factor (which indicates the quantity of residue formed by pyrolysis) from 0.5% to 0.98%. This increase in the quantity of residue, particularly of the carbon-containing part of the residue, improves substantially the lubricating efiect. Consequently, less lubricant is required. This reduces the cost of properly lubricating the mold and also reduces other undesirable secondary effects of previously used lubricants on the quality of the cast steel, such as hydrogen absorption.
• cobalt and/or manganese naphthenate is added to the principal component.
• cobalt naphthenate is used as the sole additive, it has been found that an addition to rape oil in an amount between 0.1% and 5.0% by weight of cobalt napththenate, having a cobalt content of about 8% by weight, also raises the carbonization factor to the desired level.
• Another suitable additive is high vacuum bitumen which can, for example, be added to rape oil in an amount of 1.0% to 10.0% by Weight dissolved by an intermediate solvent such as dioctylphtalate.
• the casting apparatus was set up to continuously cast a bar of steel having a cross section of 115 x 115 mm.
• steel having a carbon content of 0.2% was poured from a suitable vessel into a cooled oscillating open-ended mold and a casting containing a liquid steel core was continuously withdrawn from the mold at a rate of 2.4 meters per minute.
• the mold was lubricated by introducing a lubricant consisting of rape oil, to which was added 0.88% (by volume) lead naphthenate having a content of 30% by weight of lead.
• the quantity of the addition of the lead naphthenate could have been varied between 0.1% to 5.0% by weight depending upon the casting conditions.
• the surface of the casting is better and the formation of pores due to hydrogen absorption is less, and the lead naphthenate, which dissolves in the rape oil, does not form deposits in the oil pipes so that metering and distribution of the lubricant present no difiiculties.
• the lead naphthenate which dissolves in the rape oil, does not form deposits in the oil pipes so that metering and distribution of the lubricant present no difiiculties.
• visibility into the interior of the mold is improved since there is less smoky flaming.
• a method of lubricating the casting mold during the continuous casting of metals which comprises introducing into the casting mold a lubricant consisting of at least two components, one of which is a major component, and the other of which is an additive present in a minor amount, said additive being soluble in said major component and being effective to increase the proportion of carbon containing constituents in the residues formed in the mold by pyrolytic decomposition of the lubricant due to the heat of the metal being cast, said major component being a lubricating oil selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, animal oils and mineral oils, and said additive being selected from the group consisting of lead napthenate, cobalt naphthenate, and manganese naphthemate.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=4275315

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

• 1968
  • 1968-03-25 CH CH439568A patent/CH478611A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1969
  • 1969-03-15 DE DE1913308A patent/DE1913308C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1969-03-21 SE SE03945/69A patent/SE367557B/xx unknown
  • 1969-03-21 US US809387A patent/US3630899A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1969-03-24 GB GB05384/69A patent/GB1224596A/en not_active Expired

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