US3630176A - Tube furnace for heating - Google Patents

Tube furnace for heating Download PDF

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Publication number
US3630176A
US3630176A US53178A US3630176DA US3630176A US 3630176 A US3630176 A US 3630176A US 53178 A US53178 A US 53178A US 3630176D A US3630176D A US 3630176DA US 3630176 A US3630176 A US 3630176A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
section
pipes
furnace
radiant section
radiant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US53178A
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English (en)
Inventor
Takehiko Sato
Saburo Fukui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd, Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Publication of US3630176A publication Critical patent/US3630176A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
    • C10G9/18—Apparatus
    • C10G9/20—Tube furnaces

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a tube furnace for heating, particularly a tube furnace for heating which performs principally the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, particularly of ethane, propane, naphtha, kerosene, light oil, gas oil and the like, into olefins, diolefins, aromatic hydrocarbons and the like.
  • one type of furnaces widely in use for this purpose is the so-called horizontal tube furnace or a heating furnace of the construction in which a large number of shortflame burners are arranged through the sidewalls of the furnace, and a nest of pipes are horizontally supported in the center of the radiant section consisting of the sidewalls, ceiling, bed and front and rear walls, and a convection section for the recovery of waste heat located above the radiant section.
  • short-flame burners of flat flames must be used for uniform heating of the pipes and for keeping the flames from direct contact with the pipes.
  • the short-flame burners use mainly gaseous fuels in order to hold the flat flames and avoid damaging of the pipes due to scatter of sludge.
  • This not only puts extreme restrictions to the use of less expensive fuels such as heavy oil and other oils as cracking residues but also tends to cause clogging of the burner tips with impurities in the fuel or deformation of the burner tiles due to coking of the fuel oil, which in turn can affect the flame shape and induce local overheating of the pipes.
  • furnaces consists of a bed, sidewalls, a ceiling, and front and rear walls which altogether constitute a radiant section, a plurality of burners arranged on the bed and sidewalls, a nest of pipes suspended vertically in the center of the radiant section, and a convection section for the recovery of waste heat that is located above and alongside the radiant section. Since the furnace of this construction employs upwardly directed long-flame burners and vertically suspended pipes, it is advantageous over the first variety of conventional furnaces above mentioned in respect of the capacity and quantity of the burners and because of less possibilities of deformation and damage of the pipe fittings.
  • the upwardly directed burners may cause coking of the burner tiles and, in extreme cases, they may even lead to poor distribution and leakage of the fuel oil out of the furnace with the danger of catching fire.
  • the suspended pipes render it difficult to provide the convection section of the furnace immediately above the radiant section and, therefore, the convection section must be located alongside or above and along the radiant section.
  • the pressure inside the furnace is increased the flames in the radiant section are attracted toward the direction of the flue of the convection section. This is a frequent cause of damage, local overheating or uneven heating of the heat transfer pipes of the convection section.
  • disadvantages of the conventional furnaces are high erection cost and inconvenience in operation and maintenance due to the fact that the heavy convection section is located at the furnace top.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a new vertical tube furnace for heating which is free of the foregoing disadvantages of the conventional furnaces.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a vertical tubetype heating furnace which attains higher product yields than by conventional equipment of this type and which is, moreover, economical and easy to operate, maintain and control.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide the furnace construction such that a radiant section and a convection section' are defined, respectively, in the upper and lower parts of the furnace, the two sections being separated by a heat-insulating reflecting plate formed with passages therethrough, and pipes or a nest of pipes are vertically suspended in the radiant section, and a plurality of downwardly directed burners are arranged through the ceiling and sidewalls, and an exhaust port for the flue gas is formed open in the lower part or alongside the convection section.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a heating furnace has extensive applications not merely for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons but as a chemical reaction furnace for effecting endothermic reactions.
  • FIG. 1 is a section on the line 1-1 inFIG. 2 of a tube furnace for heating according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a section on the line II--II in FIG. I.
  • numeral 1 designate the framework of the furnace body
  • 2 designates sidewalls of the furnace body that are combined with front and rear walls 3, a ceiling 4, a bed 5, and a heat-insulating reflecting plate 6 to constitute a radiant section 7.
  • a nest of vertical pipes 8 in zigzag or coiled fashion inside the radiant section by means of hangers 10 which are equipped with spring hunger 9 and disposed through the ceiling 4.
  • Said spring hunger 9 has a operation to be absorb thermal-deformation of pipes 8.
  • a plurality of flat flame-shaped burners 11 are provided through the ceiling 4 and are so positioned as to give off as long downward flames as possible along the side walls 2. Also, along a horizontal line in the middle part of the sidewalls, there are a plurality of flat flame-shaped burners 12 which are adapted to produce downwardly directed flames along and close to the sidewalls, thereby to cooperate with the ceiling burners 11 to heat the sidewalls 2 to a red hot state, so that the nest of pipes 8 can be uniformly heated by the heat of radiation from the sidewalls 2 and the burner flames.
  • the portions near the middle parts of the sidewalls has shoulder-portion 13 as shown in FIG.
  • the convection section 15 is defined by opposing sidewalls 16, front and rear walls 3, the heat-insulating reflecting plate 6, and bottom plate 17.
  • pipes 18 for preheating material hydrocarbons in communication with the inlet end of the nest of pipes of the radiant section 7. Beneath the preheating pipes are laid water pipes 19 in a similar arrangement.
  • Said water pipe 19 has a operation for preheat a water to be fed to a quick cooling heat exchanger 24.
  • the furnace is also provided with a flue 20 for the combustion gas, an exit 21 for waste gas, an inlet port 22 for material hydrocarbons, and an outlet 23 for the pyrolyzed gas, which communicates to a quick cooling heat exchanger 24 mounted on the furnace top above the ceiling 4 of the convection section.
  • the hydrocarbons to be processed are charged through the inlet port 22 of the convection section into the preheating pipes 18, and, as it passes through the pipes, the charge is heated through heat exchange with the waste combustion gas from the radiant section 7 to an optimum temperature for the initiation of pyrolysis.
  • the charge then flows up and down in a zigzag fashion through the vertical pipes 8 of the radiant section 7, while being rapidly heated mainly by the heat of radiation sections and one convection section.
  • the heating furnace used was a vertical tube furnace plpe oimet 24 mto Subsequent components such as the bodying the invention consisting of a furnace body 2.9 meters q coolmg heat exchanger on the other the wide, 4.7 meters long, and 9.6 meters high. It had l2 flat bustlon from the fiat long'flame burners F m the flame-shaped burners through the ceiling and 10 such burners f Sectlon 7 fl downward k the t of Plpes 8 and the through the sidewalls.
  • this furnace was pyrolyzed naphtha sidewalls 2, into the convection section through the having a Specific gravity of 07012 (at 5/ 0 c) and a mean Passages 14 formed between the heat-Insulating reflectmg molecular weight of 98.
  • the starting material in this case was Plate: 6 i the bed After h exchange of heat the P 15 treated at the rate of 6,200 kg. of naphtha per hourwith 3,200 P P 18 and Water P P 19, it is led through the flue kg. of steam per hour.
  • frac. means fraction 3.
  • arom. means aromatic fraction example grade C heavy oil and other inexpensive liquid fuels 4, means boning poi, may be employed. This not merely saves the installation cost it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various but, in addition, permits steam blowing of the burner tips, changes may be made in the invention without departing from thereby rendering it possible to operate and maintain the fur the spirit and scope thereof and therefore the invention is not nace advantageously. limited by that which is illustrated in the drawing and 2- in h b rn r r in ll i h h iP directed described in the specification, but only as indicated in the acdownward, the fuel even if poorly distributed will drop inside 40 companying claims.
  • a tube furnace for heating characterized in that a radiant leak out of the furnace has no danger of catching fire. section and a convection section are located, respectively, in
  • the radiant section of the furnace is surrounded by heatthe upper and lower spaces inside the furnace, the radiant secinsulating ceiling, bed and side walls and also by the heat-insu tion and the convection section being separated from each lating reflecting plate.
  • the downwardly directed other by a heat-insulating reflecting plate which is formed with long-flame burners achieve uniform radiant heat distribution. passages for combustion gas, pipes are vertically suspended in
  • the reaction pipes are filled with a catalyst, the radiant section, the pipes in the radiant section being commulifetime of the catalyst can be prolonged. nicated at one ends with the end of pipes disposed in the con- 4.
  • the flue gas is combustion ga between the heat-in lating refle ting l t formed open through the lower part of the convection section. and the bed enable the furnace to have a rectifying effect of A tube furnace for heating according to clalm 1 Where"! the combustion gas.
  • combustion gas Said burners are Provided Such that a flame of its flow at P uniformly flows downward, uneven heating in the convection lel direction to Said P P section due to any drift convection can be avoided and the A tube furnace for heating accordfng to l 1 wherem product i ld i di l increased, said pipes are disposed in a zigzag or coiled fashion.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
US53178A 1969-07-17 1970-07-08 Tube furnace for heating Expired - Lifetime US3630176A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5663069 1969-07-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3630176A true US3630176A (en) 1971-12-28

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ID=13032611

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US53178A Expired - Lifetime US3630176A (en) 1969-07-17 1970-07-08 Tube furnace for heating

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3630176A (xx)
CA (1) CA929323A (xx)
CS (1) CS161758B2 (xx)
DE (1) DE2035112B2 (xx)
ES (1) ES381924A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2055313A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1257616A (xx)
HU (1) HU163593B (xx)
NL (1) NL145271B (xx)
RO (1) RO61660A (xx)
SU (1) SU423316A3 (xx)
YU (1) YU33303B (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3938476A (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-02-17 Selas Corporation Of America Tube support
US6178926B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-01-30 Foster Wheeler Corporation Double-fired horizontal tube heater
US20080002754A1 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Shaoyong Liu Method and system for measuring the amount of fluid disposed on an object
US11255537B2 (en) * 2016-07-08 2022-02-22 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Metallic burner tiles

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3145293C2 (de) * 1981-11-14 1986-11-06 Uhde Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund Röhrenspaltofen zur indirekten Erhitzung von spaltbaren Medien
DE3145292C2 (de) * 1981-11-14 1986-09-04 Uhde Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund Röhrenspaltofen zur indirekten Erhitzung von spaltbaren Medien

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3230052A (en) * 1963-10-31 1966-01-18 Foster Wheeler Corp Terraced heaters
US3267915A (en) * 1965-06-11 1966-08-23 Foster Wheeler Corp Fired heater
US3426733A (en) * 1967-09-19 1969-02-11 Peter Von Wiesenthal Furnace and related process involving combustion air preheating

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3230052A (en) * 1963-10-31 1966-01-18 Foster Wheeler Corp Terraced heaters
US3267915A (en) * 1965-06-11 1966-08-23 Foster Wheeler Corp Fired heater
US3426733A (en) * 1967-09-19 1969-02-11 Peter Von Wiesenthal Furnace and related process involving combustion air preheating

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3938476A (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-02-17 Selas Corporation Of America Tube support
US6178926B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-01-30 Foster Wheeler Corporation Double-fired horizontal tube heater
US20080002754A1 (en) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Shaoyong Liu Method and system for measuring the amount of fluid disposed on an object
US11255537B2 (en) * 2016-07-08 2022-02-22 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Metallic burner tiles
US11885489B2 (en) 2016-07-08 2024-01-30 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Metallic burner tiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU33303B (en) 1976-08-31
DE2035112A1 (de) 1971-02-11
CA929323A (en) 1973-07-03
HU163593B (xx) 1973-09-27
DE2035112B2 (de) 1977-04-07
GB1257616A (xx) 1971-12-22
NL145271B (nl) 1975-03-17
CS161758B2 (xx) 1975-06-10
SU423316A3 (ru) 1974-04-05
RO61660A (xx) 1977-01-15
YU178670A (en) 1976-03-31
ES381924A1 (es) 1972-12-01
NL7010608A (xx) 1971-01-19
FR2055313A5 (xx) 1971-05-07

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