US3628342A - Method and device for the generation of beams of matter with sharp spatial collimation - Google Patents

Method and device for the generation of beams of matter with sharp spatial collimation Download PDF

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Publication number
US3628342A
US3628342A US684054A US3628342DA US3628342A US 3628342 A US3628342 A US 3628342A US 684054 A US684054 A US 684054A US 3628342D A US3628342D A US 3628342DA US 3628342 A US3628342 A US 3628342A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
stream
deflection
condensed matter
matter
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US684054A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Willy Becker
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Gesellschaft fuer Kernforschung mbH
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Gesellschaft fuer Kernforschung mbH
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Publication of US3628342A publication Critical patent/US3628342A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B9/00—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y10S62/91—Expander

Definitions

  • Such beams may be used, for instance by directional introduction into a highly evacuated chamber, to generate hightemperature plasmas by electric discharges.
  • the use of directional beams of condensed matter permits a physical separation of the plasma from the walls of the vacuum vessel, which largely avoids losses of energy.
  • beams of condensed matter in the high vacuum can be used with technical and economic success also in many other cases where it is a problem of maintaining a relatively high density of matter in the high vacuum in a limited area of space.
  • a hollow cylinder out of condensed matter in the high vacuum of the type which is suited for the generation of particularly hot and specially dense plasmas in the high vacuum Such a hollow cylinder can be obtained only by the use of an annular nozzle.
  • gas is produced also within the hollow cylinder and then has to be sucked off.
  • sucking off the gas in the interior of the hollow cylinder has many technical difficulties connected thereto and is hardly feasible in practice, especially with smaller cylinder diameters.
  • the objective of this invention is the creation of a method and a device for the execution of the method which eliminates the difficulties mentioned above and enables also the generation of a hollow cylindrical sharply collimated beam of condensed matter in the high vacuum by relatively simple means.
  • the expanding gas which at least partially forms condensed matter in the process leaves an annular Laval nozzle at preset time intervals, the Laval nozzle having a movable central section which forms its deflection wall.
  • FIG. ll shows the principle of generating a beam sharply collimated in space out of condensed matter by deflection by means of a curved Laval nozzle.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified device for the generation of a beam of the shape of a hollow cylinder.
  • the central section 14 forming the inner wall of the Laval nozzle is moved by an electromagnetic lifting device IS in an axial direction so that it closes the annular Laval nozzle vacuum-tight in its lowest position, whereas, in its operating position, it opens the gas inlet opening (annular slot).
  • The: electromagnetic lifting device receives its driving energy from a pulse generator 16 the pulse length and duty cycle of which can be changed according to the requirements.
  • Method of generating a substantially sharply collimated beam of condensed matter which comprises feeding a stream comprising condensed matter and residual gas matter produced by expanding a gas out of a nozzle; mechanically deflecting said stream from its feed direction; exerting a centrifugal force on said stream by said deflection; resuming the flow of said stream after said deflection in substantially the same direction as the direction of the feeding of said stream; separating said stream into a condensed matter component and a residual gas matter component; and feeding said condensed matter component into a vacuum, wherein said mechanical deflection is accomplished by passing said stream through a changing diameter annulus with smooth curved walls sufficient to exert said centrifugal force on said stream.
  • Method claimed in claim 4 wherein said angle is about 6.
  • Method claimed in claim 1 including subjecting said stream to a multiplicity of deflections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
US684054A 1966-11-25 1967-11-17 Method and device for the generation of beams of matter with sharp spatial collimation Expired - Lifetime US3628342A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG48553A DE1273709B (de) 1966-11-25 1966-11-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen raeumlich scharf begrenzter Materiestrahlen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3628342A true US3628342A (en) 1971-12-21

Family

ID=7128698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US684054A Expired - Lifetime US3628342A (en) 1966-11-25 1967-11-17 Method and device for the generation of beams of matter with sharp spatial collimation

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3628342A (de)
DE (1) DE1273709B (de)
FR (1) FR1555731A (de)
GB (1) GB1148900A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5682759A (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-11-04 Hays; Lance Gregory Two phase nozzle equipped with flow divider
US6192692B1 (en) * 1997-02-03 2001-02-27 Richard H. Alsenz Liquid powered ejector
US20080111461A1 (en) * 2004-08-16 2008-05-15 Edison Liang Conversion of Ultra-Intense Infrared Laser Energy Into Relativistic Particles
US20090134804A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-05-28 Mark Edward Morehouse Axial hall accelerator with solenoid field

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1878052A (en) * 1931-02-02 1932-09-20 Standard Oil Dev Co Centrifucal liquid and gas separator
US2357829A (en) * 1940-07-23 1944-09-12 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Distillation
US2722057A (en) * 1950-12-09 1955-11-01 Ralph G Pugh Clothes dryer
US3187485A (en) * 1961-12-13 1965-06-08 Foster Wheeler Corp Purification of hydrogen by scrubbing with nitrogen at high pressures
US3283521A (en) * 1960-03-09 1966-11-08 Conch Int Methane Ltd Separation of a gaseous mixture containing a solidifiable contaminant
US3292382A (en) * 1964-02-21 1966-12-20 Continental Oil Co Low temperature separation of h2s from hydrocarbon gas
US3360944A (en) * 1966-04-05 1968-01-02 American Messer Corp Gas liquefaction with work expansion of major feed portion
US3371471A (en) * 1965-10-15 1968-03-05 Avco Corp Sand and dust collector for engine air inlets

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1107842B (de) * 1959-05-05 1961-05-31 Dr E W Becker Verfahren zur gerichteten Einfuehrung eines Kernbrennstoffes in eine Anlage zur Erzeugung eines Hochtemperatur-Plasmas und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung dieses Verfahrens

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1878052A (en) * 1931-02-02 1932-09-20 Standard Oil Dev Co Centrifucal liquid and gas separator
US2357829A (en) * 1940-07-23 1944-09-12 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Distillation
US2722057A (en) * 1950-12-09 1955-11-01 Ralph G Pugh Clothes dryer
US3283521A (en) * 1960-03-09 1966-11-08 Conch Int Methane Ltd Separation of a gaseous mixture containing a solidifiable contaminant
US3187485A (en) * 1961-12-13 1965-06-08 Foster Wheeler Corp Purification of hydrogen by scrubbing with nitrogen at high pressures
US3292382A (en) * 1964-02-21 1966-12-20 Continental Oil Co Low temperature separation of h2s from hydrocarbon gas
US3371471A (en) * 1965-10-15 1968-03-05 Avco Corp Sand and dust collector for engine air inlets
US3360944A (en) * 1966-04-05 1968-01-02 American Messer Corp Gas liquefaction with work expansion of major feed portion

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5682759A (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-11-04 Hays; Lance Gregory Two phase nozzle equipped with flow divider
US6192692B1 (en) * 1997-02-03 2001-02-27 Richard H. Alsenz Liquid powered ejector
US20080111461A1 (en) * 2004-08-16 2008-05-15 Edison Liang Conversion of Ultra-Intense Infrared Laser Energy Into Relativistic Particles
US7710007B2 (en) * 2004-08-16 2010-05-04 William Marsh Rice University Conversion of ultra-intense infrared laser energy into relativistic particles
US20090134804A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-05-28 Mark Edward Morehouse Axial hall accelerator with solenoid field
US7825601B2 (en) 2007-11-28 2010-11-02 Mark Edward Morehouse Axial Hall accelerator with solenoid field

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1555731A (de) 1969-01-31
DE1273709B (de) 1968-07-25
GB1148900A (en) 1969-04-16

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