US3626198A - Process and apparatus for optimizing the product of two physical magnitudes - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for optimizing the product of two physical magnitudes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3626198A
US3626198A US3626198DA US3626198A US 3626198 A US3626198 A US 3626198A US 3626198D A US3626198D A US 3626198DA US 3626198 A US3626198 A US 3626198A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
value
multiplicand
multiplicands
peak value
switching logic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Boehringer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dornier System GmbH
Original Assignee
Dornier System GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier System GmbH filed Critical Dornier System GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3626198A publication Critical patent/US3626198A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
    • G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
    • G05B13/0205—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system
    • G05B13/024—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S136/00—Batteries: thermoelectric and photoelectric
    • Y10S136/291—Applications
    • Y10S136/293—Circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
    • Y10S323/906—Solar cell systems

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for automatic optimizing of a product formed from two physical magnitudes. More particularly, this invention relates to a process and a switching apparatus for optimizing the product of two physical multiplicands.
  • the constant voltage of the battery must be chosen so small that even under the most unfavorable conditions, that is, at the lowest cell voltages when energy positively must be fed from the generator to the battery, the generator voltage must be sufficiently greater than the battery voltage.
  • higher generator voltages often with small short circuit currents
  • the invention starts out from the above mentioned possibility of combining the trial movement and the basic movement, because this possibility in principle promises a lower expenditure for apparatus technology.
  • its purpose is achieved in that during continuous switching over operations the peak value of the one or the other multiplicand is measured each time by a suitable meter and a part k of this measured peak value is fed to a switching logic which controls the switching over process.
  • the switching logic in its turn controls a regulating generator so that the generator steadily decreases, over one or more regulatory parameters, the instantaneous value of the one multiplicand whose peak value has just been measured and steadily increases the instantaneous value of the other multiplicand, whereby the next switching over process then becomes performed when the instantaneous value of the now decreasing multiplicand has reached the part value k of its previous peak value.
  • This alteration in the value of the multiplicands represents the testing movement and basic movement.
  • the process of the invention has the advantage that it is no longer necessary to measure the product itself, and that the seeking or selecting process regulates itself.
  • the regulatory generator is made as an integrator, to whose input there is alternately applied, from the switching logic a positive or a negative constant value, through whose action on the system alters the working point of the system.
  • the peak value meter needed to measure the multiplicands can be made in an extraordinarily simple way. in each case, an adjustable percent k is tapped off from and is fed to the switching logic.
  • the regulatory generator G changes the voltage and current produced by the solar cell generator S.
  • the essence of the process consists in that for the purpose of optimizing a product of two magnitudes, only two measuring organs and one switching logic are needed.
  • the measuring organs are used to determine the peak values of the two multiplicands while the switching logic serves to influence the regulatory parameter or parameters in the system which is or are to be regulated.
  • the switching logic produces two quasistable states. In one state, the characteristic line is run through in one direction; and in the other state, in the reverse direction.
  • the peak value of the one multiplicand which appears is measured and, as mentioned, an adjustable percentage k is tapped off.
  • the characteristic line is run through in such a way that the multiplicand which had just before had its peak value travels along the characteristic line in the reverse direction.
  • the peak value of the second multiplicand is automatically retained.
  • the percentage k for example is tapped off from the peak value of the second multiplicand at this point and is used as a control value for the following switch over process.
  • the two switch over points so characterized represent the two end points of the trial movement on the characteristic line.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system which utilizes the process of the invention
  • FIG. 2 graphically illustrates a characteristic line of two dependent multiplicands of a product having the end points of a trial movement plotted thereon;
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a modified system similar to FIG. I which utilizes the process of the invention
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates another system which utilizes the process of the invention
  • FIG. 5 graphically illustrates a pair of characteristic lines obtained from a variance in the multiplicands of a product
  • FIGS. 6a to 6d graphically illustrate the relationships between the various multiplicands of a product and a characteristic of a regulatory generator and time.
  • the instantaneous peak values of the two magnitudes U, I are alternately measured in peak value meters of a switching apparatus.
  • the voltage U is delivered via a line 1 to a peak value meter Sp M-l and measured therein as is known to obtain a peak value Ua while the current I is similarly delivered via a line 2 and measured in a peak value meter Sp M-Z to obtain a peak value Ia.
  • These meters each are adapted, as is known, to obtain a part value kUa of the measured peak value so that the part value can be tapped from the respective meter and sent via lines 3, 4 to a switching logic such as a logical switching device SL for storage.
  • the switching logic SL is connected to the lines I, 2 of the system S over suitable lines 5, 6 to receive the instantaneous values of the voltage V and current I for comparison with the stored k values.
  • the switching logic SL is further constructed so that when the instantaneous value thereafter becomes equal to the stored k value, the switching logic SL emits a signal to a regulatory generator G such as a multiplicands magnitude control means via a line 7 (FIG. 3 shows one possible realization of a switching logic and regulatory generator G).
  • the regulatory generator G receives the signal from the switching logic SL and in turn is constructed to emit a responsive signal 2 over one or more supply lines 8 to intervene in the system S for the purpose of altering the multiplicands, i.e. decreasing one multiplicand (U or I) while increasing the other multiplicand (I or U), in known manners using known equipment.
  • the multiplicands i.e. parameters, which result in a particular product as well as the supply lines for the multiplicands are dependent on the construction of the system S.
  • the manner in which the signal Z influences the supply line 8 depends on the system S.
  • a characteristic line 9 for a currentvoltage product i.e. the power
  • U voltage
  • I current and the optimum power for the system S occurs at point P on the characteristic line 9.
  • the peak value Ua of the voltage is measured in the peak value meter Sp M-I and a part value kUa is tapped off and fed to the switching logic SL via line 3.
  • the regulatory generator G alters the system S by means of the trial movement described above via the signal Z through known equipment (not shown) so that the magnitude of the voltage U, i.e. the first multiplicand, is thereafter steadily decreased in accordance with the characteristic line while the magnitude of the current I, i.e. the second multiplicand, is steadily increased.
  • the instantaneous voltage U then diminishes, while passing the point of optimum power position P on the characteristic line 9.
  • the voltage reaches the part value kUa the power output of the system S is at the point B on the characteristic line 9 and the switching logic SL effects a switch over so that the working point is reversed.
  • the voltage U is then made to increase along the characteristic line 9 while the current I is made to decrease via the known equipment.
  • the peak value IB of the current is measured in the peak value meter Sp M-2 and the part value MB is fed to the switching logic SL.
  • the instantaneous current I i.e. the second multiplicand
  • kIB the part value of the current
  • the two movements along the characteristic line are not of equal magnitude in the increasing or decreasing sense. Consequently, the trial movement is displaced, in a superposed fundamental movement, in a direction toward the optimum working point P. Should the working point be at the optimum position P, the amplitudes of the trial movement are constant. The working point then travels continuously between the two switch over points a, B forwardly and backwardly.
  • the trial movement then becomes relocated automatically through the maximum values found from the two multiplicands in a basic movement, until its two end points again lie on the characteristic line on different sides of the point where the product now has its optimum value. In this new location, the trialmovement is once more carried out continuously, that is, until a stationary state is established.
  • each of the peak value meters Sp M-l, Sp M-2 are constructed, for example, with simple diodecondenser combinations 10 to carry out the functions of the meters.
  • the switching logic SL is constructed with a pair of bistable tilting stages 11, as is known, each of which has an input connected to one of the peak value meters Sp M-l, Sp M-2.
  • the meters Sp M-l, Sp M-2 operate so as to deliver the part values +k of the measured multiplicands to the bistable tilting stages 11.
  • the instantaneous value -I of the measured magnitudes are also fed directly to the respective bistable tilting stages 11.
  • Each bistable tilting stage 11 serves to compare the instantaneous value of a multiplicand with the respective stored part value k so that a switching operation can be initiated when the compared values are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign.
  • the switching logic SL is further constructed with an electronic switching device 12 as is known which is connected to the outputs of the bistable tilting stages ll and to the input of a regulatory generator G.
  • the regulatory generator G is constructed in known manner to function in accordance with a characteristic line 13 whereby a regulatory signal Z for regulating a multiplicand function of the system S, as is known, is continuously varied over time r.
  • one of the bistable tilting stages receives an instantaneous multiplicand value of the voltage or current of the system S and compares the value to the respective stored k value. Should the instantaneous value be equal and opposite in sign so as to cancel out the respective stored k value, then a signal is emitted from that tilting stage ll comparing the values to the electronic switching stage 12 to initiate a switching operation.
  • the switching stage 12 then, depending on the switched position of the tilting stage emitting the initiation signal, feeds a positive or negative constant value signal to the regulatory generator G.
  • the regulatory generator then becomes activated and begins to regulate the regulatory signal Z continuously over a period of time t until the switching logic either emits a different constant value signal or becomes deactivated.
  • the switching apparatus can include a direct converter K of energy, such as a magnetic direct current converter, in which the dependence or relationship between the voltage U and current I is established by a characteristic line 14.
  • This direct energy converter K is connected to a consumer V, sometimes through the intermediary of a storage battery, to supply its electrical output thereto.
  • a peak value meter Sp M-l, Sp M-2 is connected, as above, to the lines l6, 17 between the converter K and consumer V to tap off a predetermined k value of the peak values of the voltage U0: and current la for storage in a switch logic SL. Also, the instantaneous values of the voltage U and current I are tapped off and fed into the switching logic SL for comparison with the k values as above described. Further, a choke coil L and a diode D downstream of the coil L are incorporated in the connecting line 16 between the converter K and consumer V. Also, a switch T is interposed between the choke coil L and diode D so as to be able to short circuit the connecting line 16. This switch T can be constructed as a mechanical contact or as an electronic switch, for example, a transistor or a thyristor and, in any event, is controlled so as to open and close over a suitable line by the switching logic SL.
  • the switching logic SL closes the switch T so as to short the circuit.
  • the working point thus is caused to travel along the characteristic line 14 in a direction to make the voltage smaller.
  • a k value e.g. 0.9 U01
  • the switching logic is actuated to cause a switch over and thereby causes the switch T to open.
  • the peak value of the current 13 prevailing at this instant is measured. Because the energy stored in the inductance cannot jump, the current flows onward from the choke coil L over the diode to the consumer V and thus steadily decreases.
  • the switching logic SL again closes the switch T so that the working point again reaches and travels along the characteristic line 14 in the original direction. The voltage then decreases again.
  • the peak value Ua of the voltage is measured and the k value kUa is fed to the switching logic SL.
  • the process can be used in those cases where there is an alteration of the current voltage characteristic line.
  • alteration occurs, for example, with solar cells when a satellite carrying the cells during the course of travel moves towards the sun or moves away from the sun.
  • a, and B are the switch over points of the corresponding trial movement and Ua, and I3, are the peak values of the voltage and current respectively in the switch over points.
  • the corresponding part values are designated k-Ua, and M3,.
  • the trial movement becomes adapted to the altered characteristic line k and shifts the point of maximum performance in the second case at point P
  • a and B are the switch over points of the trial movement
  • the hatched areas in each case represent the optimum performance.
  • FIG. 6 for a nonlinear current voltage characteristic line (FIG. 6a) and a nonlinear characteristic (F IG. 6b) for the regulatory generator by means of which a regulatory signal Z alters the voltage U of a system in a steady but nonlinear manner, the voltage pattern plotted against time (FIG. 60) during an optimizing process becomes adjusted to a stationary state, after a few trial movements, with a pendular movement about the point of maximum performance.
  • the current pattern plotted against time (FIG. 6d) becomes adjusted to a stationary state.
  • FIG. 6 is intended to show in a purely schematic way the relationships of the various parameters and do not represent practical examples having data on magnitudes.
  • the optimizing process for the products of two magnitudes is obviously also easily applicable to other systems. in each case, it has the advantage of simple construction and of a simple way of carrying out the process.
  • the optimumizing is effected through influencing the two multiplicands in opposite directions in a trial movement on the characteristic line of the system.
  • the regulatory generator G can be of any desired construction known, for example, electric or hydraulic.
  • the regulatory generator G for controlling the parameters influencing the multiplicands can provide the most different physical sizes, for example, electric tensions, streams, hydraulic or pneumatic pressures, temperatures, location motion, etc. The kind of regulatory generator used and the parameters depend therefore on the kind of system S to be regulated.
  • a process of automatically optimizing the product formed by two physical interdependent multiplicand magnitudes comprising the steps of measuring the peak value of one of said multiplicands,
  • a switching apparatus for the automatic regulation of a product formed by two physical interdependent multiplicand magnitudes of a system to an optimum value comprising a switching logic connected to the system to receive a measured peak value of each of the multiplicands,
  • each said meter being connected to the system for measuring the peak value of a respective one of the multiplicands and to said switching logic for emitting a part value of the peak value to said switching logic, and
  • each said peak value meter includes a pair of diode condenser means for measuring the peak values and of emitting the part values.
  • switching logic includes a pair of bistable tilting stages, each stage being connected to a diode condenser means of a respective one of said peak value meters to compare the instantaneous measured value of a multiplicand with a stored part value of said multiplicand to initiate the actuation of said means.
  • each said peak value meter is a mean value meter having a time lag whereby at the output of each said means value meter the change in the measured value of a respective multiplicand is immaterial.
  • a direct energy converter having an electrical output, a consumer, a connecting line between said converter and consumer for conducting the electrical output from said converter to said consumer, and a switching apparatus for automatically optimizing the electrical output of said converter; said switching apparatus including a switching logic connected to said connecting line for receiving a measured instantaneous value of the voltage and the current respectively of the electrical output, a pair of peak value meters connected between said connecting line and said switching logic for measuring the peak value of the voltage and current respectively and for emitting a part value of each measured peak value to said switching logic, a choke coil and a diode downstream of said choke coil connected in said connecting line, and a switch connected in said connecting line between said choke coil and diode and connected to said switching logic for actuation thereby to selectively short CH- cuit said connecting line whereby the values of the voltage and current are respectively steadily increased and decreased in alternation in response to the opening and closing of said switch by said switching logic upon a measured instantaneous value becoming equal to a respective part value in said switching logic.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)
US3626198D 1968-10-19 1969-09-24 Process and apparatus for optimizing the product of two physical magnitudes Expired - Lifetime US3626198A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681804130 DE1804130A1 (de) 1968-10-19 1968-10-19 Verfahren zur selbsttaetigen Optimierung eines aus zwei physikalischen Groessen gebildeten Produktes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3626198A true US3626198A (en) 1971-12-07

Family

ID=5711008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3626198D Expired - Lifetime US3626198A (en) 1968-10-19 1969-09-24 Process and apparatus for optimizing the product of two physical magnitudes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3626198A (tr)
JP (1) JPS4836159B1 (tr)
CA (1) CA928830A (tr)
CH (1) CH512105A (tr)
DE (1) DE1804130A1 (tr)
FR (1) FR2021063A1 (tr)
GB (1) GB1232147A (tr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4204147A (en) * 1977-08-04 1980-05-20 Rca Corporation Power transfer apparatus
EP0029743A1 (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-06-03 Solarex Corporation Method of and apparatus for enabling output power of solar panel to be maximised
US4404472A (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-09-13 General Electric Company Maximum power control for a solar array connected to a load
US4494180A (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-01-15 Franklin Electric Co., Inc. Electrical power matching system
US4678983A (en) * 1985-01-25 1987-07-07 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales DC power supply with adjustable operating point
US4695785A (en) * 1985-06-20 1987-09-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for feeding an electrical load from a solar generator
EP0326489A1 (fr) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-02 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Système de régulation du point de fonctionnement d'une alimentation à courant continu
FR2626689A1 (fr) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-04 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Systeme de regulation du point de fonctionnement d'une alimentation a courant continu

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2485827A1 (fr) * 1980-06-26 1981-12-31 Aerospatiale Procede et systeme pour la production de puissance photovoltaique
US4559487A (en) * 1984-09-07 1985-12-17 Sundstrand Corporation Voltage regulator with independent peak and average voltage sensing
DE4325436C2 (de) * 1993-07-29 2000-06-29 Inst Luft & Kaeltetechnik Ggmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur MPP-Regelung photovoltaischer Solaranlagen und Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3391322A (en) * 1965-11-30 1968-07-02 Atomic Energy Commission Usa Constant power regulator with variable voltage boost
US3487291A (en) * 1967-04-19 1969-12-30 Edward J Dowgiallo Jr Constant power control of a power source
US3523239A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-08-04 Systems Eng Electronics Inc Voltage regulated step-up apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3391322A (en) * 1965-11-30 1968-07-02 Atomic Energy Commission Usa Constant power regulator with variable voltage boost
US3487291A (en) * 1967-04-19 1969-12-30 Edward J Dowgiallo Jr Constant power control of a power source
US3523239A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-08-04 Systems Eng Electronics Inc Voltage regulated step-up apparatus

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4204147A (en) * 1977-08-04 1980-05-20 Rca Corporation Power transfer apparatus
EP0029743A1 (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-06-03 Solarex Corporation Method of and apparatus for enabling output power of solar panel to be maximised
US4375662A (en) * 1979-11-26 1983-03-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Method of and apparatus for enabling output power of solar panel to be maximized
US4404472A (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-09-13 General Electric Company Maximum power control for a solar array connected to a load
US4494180A (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-01-15 Franklin Electric Co., Inc. Electrical power matching system
US4678983A (en) * 1985-01-25 1987-07-07 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales DC power supply with adjustable operating point
US4695785A (en) * 1985-06-20 1987-09-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for feeding an electrical load from a solar generator
EP0326489A1 (fr) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-02 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Système de régulation du point de fonctionnement d'une alimentation à courant continu
FR2626689A1 (fr) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-04 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Systeme de regulation du point de fonctionnement d'une alimentation a courant continu
US4899269A (en) * 1988-01-29 1990-02-06 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales System for regulating the operating point of a direct current power supply

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1804130C3 (tr) 1974-05-02
GB1232147A (tr) 1971-05-19
DE1804130A1 (de) 1970-04-30
CA928830A (en) 1973-06-19
DE1804130B2 (tr) 1973-10-04
FR2021063A1 (tr) 1970-07-17
JPS4836159B1 (tr) 1973-11-01
CH512105A (de) 1971-08-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3626198A (en) Process and apparatus for optimizing the product of two physical magnitudes
US4426614A (en) Pulsed thyristor trigger control circuit
US4439718A (en) Motor power control circuit for A.C. induction motors
KR920702782A (ko) 공급 전압 및 주파수의 자동 선택 가능한 컴퓨터 시스템용 전원 장치 및 발진기
US3222535A (en) System for detection of utilization of maximum available power
US2383492A (en) Voltage regulator
EP0386980A3 (en) Switched-mode regulator circuit
KR840003126A (ko) 원자력발전소용 급수제어기
US2946012A (en) Signal generator
US2347714A (en) Proportionalizing control
US3437826A (en) Control circuit for controlling duty of a plurality of d-c sources
US3487291A (en) Constant power control of a power source
US2905877A (en) On-off servosystem with proportional control features
US3469177A (en) A.c. phase control system responsive to a sensed condition
GB1106147A (en) Improvements in or relating to electric control circuits
US3471337A (en) Fuel cell rejuvenation control means
US2436872A (en) Timing circuits
GB855638A (en) Improved device for adjusting the gain or attenuation of an electric wave
US3465768A (en) Gain-adaptive control system
US2655612A (en) Electronic control for inductive apparatus
US2855561A (en) Power transmission
SU584296A1 (ru) Устройство дл регулировани посто нного напр жени
US2390151A (en) Automatic battery charging system
SU900413A1 (ru) Устройство зар да накопительного конденсатора
US3539934A (en) Monostable multivibrator circuit with a linear voltage controlled pulse width