Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
  • B60C9/0042—Reinforcements made of synthetic materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
  • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/48—Tyre cords
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers

Definitions

• the insertion of twist lowers the strength of the textile reinforcement and also its modulus and for this reason the twist inserted is a compromise between strength and/or modulus and durability.
• a reinforcing yarn comprises an encapsulated multifilament low-twist yarn in which the encapsulating material is an elastic solid having a high Poissons ratio and penetrates the whole of the yarn outer surface to a depth at least suflicient to bond together 30% of the filaments composing the yarn.
• a method for the manufacture of a reinforcing yarn comprises coating 8. multifilament low-twist yarn with a liquid which can subsequently be converted to an elastic solid having a high Poissons ratio, the depth of penetration into the multifilament yarn of the liquid being at least sufiicient to bond together 30% of the filaments composing the yarn, and converting said liquid to said elastic solid.
• the multifilament low-twist yarn may be one of the usual textile materials, for example, rayon, nylon, polyester, poly(vinyl alcohol).
• low-twist yarn in this specification is meant yarn having a twist factor of less than 0.036 where the twist factor of the yarn is the twist in turns per inch in the yarn divided by (Specific gravity X yarn denier)
• the liquid coating may be converted into the elastic solid in any of a number of ways, for example, cooling, chemical cross-linking, the actual method used being of 3,624,999 Patented Dec. 7, 1971 relatively minor importance and depending only on the liquid used.
• the elastic solid must have a high Poissons ratio preferably at least 0.45 measured at tensile strains not greater than 5% and it is particularly preferred that the Poissons ratio of the elastic solid is at least 0.48 measured at tensile strains not greater than 5%.
• the liquid is a Resorcinol-Formaldehyde- Latex (RFL) adhesive composition.
• RFL Compositions are (a) an aqueous dispersion of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, vinyl pyridine rubber, and butadiene rubber and (b) an aqueous dispersion of resorcinolformaldehyde resin and natural rubber.
• liquids examples include solutions of polymers in organic solvents, for example, a solution of cis polyisoprene in n-hexane containing dicumyl peroxide, and liquid polymers, for example liquid polyurethanes.
• the multifilament textile yarns may be used to make reinforcing cords.
• the cords are preferably twisted after the liquid has been applied to the yarns but before the liquid has been converted to the elastic solid to avoid pre-stressing the encapsulating material.
• the cord may be made in this way by coating and cordmaking simultaneously using an in-line or planetary cabling machine in which the liquid coating is applied to the yarns just prior to the yarns coming together to form the cord. This method results in a symmetrically shaped cord cross-section which is very easily handled.
• cords made from the encapsulated multifilament low-twist yarn have yarn helix angles of less than 19 measured with respect to the cord axis.
• the encapsulated multifilament low-twist yarns of the present invention have enhanced resistance to compression compared with the untreated yarns.
• cords made from the encapsulated yarns have a higher modulus than cords made from untreated yarn whilst retaining good durability.
• An additional benefit of the encapsulation is that a degree of consolidation is given to the yarns making them easier to handle and making the producers twist unnecessary.
• the liquid coating is preferably applied to twistless yarns as soon as possible after production, rayon being particularly suitable for treatment since the speed at which it is spun is suitable for the extra stage of coating.
• the multifilament low-twist yarns may be given an adhesive pro-treatment before encapsulation.
• polyester multifilament yarns can be given a pretreatment of the blocked isocyanate type
• nylon multifilament yarns can be given a similar pre-treatment
• rayon multifilament yarns may be pre-treated by inclusion of a small proportion of resorcinol in the spin finish used in their production.
• Poly(vinyl alcohol) yarns may also be pre-treated particularly where zinc chloride or similar treatment has been used on the filaments to increase the modulus of the surface layers.
• Resorcinol 108 Formaldehyde (as a 37% w./v. aqueous solution) 180 Gen-Tac Latex (40% by w. total solids) 1807 Pliolite 2104 latex (60% by w. total solids) 728 Water 1535 Sodium Hydroxide (as a 10% w./v. aqueous solution) 10 Inspection revealed that 50% to 70% of the filaments were bound together by the dried adhesive. Three such yarns were twisted together on a ring doubling textile machine to 1.5 turns per inch. The cords so formed were embedded in a rubber compound of vulcanised hardness 65 B8. and molded into a cylinder such that their axes were parallel to the axis of the cylinder.
• This cylinder was compressed on an Instron tester and a load-deflection graph obtained from which a value of compression modulus was calculated. By comparison with the compression modulus of an all rubber cylinder the component due to the cord was calculated. Similar measurements were made on cylinders containing a denier Terylene polyester cord partially encapsulated with an RFL composition of high rubber/resin ratio having a Poissons ratio of 0.46.
• the Terylene yarn had been pretreated with a dilute polyvinyl acetate latex to aid adhesion to the RFL. Similar measurements were made for comparison purposes on rubber cylinders containing (1) a denier Courtaulds Tenasco super 140 rayon cord of 8.5 turns per inch twist conventionally treated with an RFL adhesive and (2) a brass coated steel tyre cord of 0.3 inch lay 6 x 3 x 0.0059" over 1 x 3 x 0.0059". The results revealed:
• EXAMPLE 4 Radial ply tyres were built in 175-13 size using breakers of the cord made as described in Example 2. These tyres were compared with standard production tyres.
• EXAMPLE 2 Three yarns of Courtaulds Tenasco super 105 rayon and their producers twist removed on a ring twisting machine and were then cabled on a machine working on the planetary principle to an equal 2.5/2.5 turns per inch construction. The three yarns were brought together by passing them through a glass funnel mounted on the axis of the twisting head. A high rubber/resin ratio RFL adhesive of Poissons ratio 0.48 measured at a tensile strain of 5% was at the same time introduced into the funnel through a side arm so that the twistless yarns were almost completely impregnated with RFL before cord forming occurred.
• the formulation of the RFL adhesive was as follows:
• EXAMPLE 3 Cords made by the technique described in Example 2 were wound on a frame and moulded into rubber so that a rubber pad was formed having parallel cord reinforcing Thus a tyre of equal stiffness and durability can be made with a lower textile content in the breaker by using the techniques of encapsulation.
• a reinforcing yarn comprising an encapsulated multifilament low-twist yarn in which the encapsulating material is an elastic solid having a high Poissons ratio of at least 0.45 measured at tensile strains not greater than 5 percent and penetrating the whole of the yarn outer surface to a depth at least sufficient to bond together 30 percent of the filaments composing a yarn.
• a yarn according to claim 1 which is of rayon, nylon, polyester or poly(vinyl alcohol).
• a method for the manufacture of a reinforcing yarn which comprises coating a multifilament low-twist yarn with a liquid which can subsequently be converted to an elastic solid having a high 'Poissons ratio of at least 0.45 measured at tensile strains not greater than 5 percent, the depth of penetration into the multifilament yarn of the liquid being at least sufiicient to bond together 30 percent of the filaments composing the yarn and converting said liquid to said elastic solid.
• lowtwist yarn is of rayon, nylon, polyester or poly(vinyl alcohol).
• a reinforcing cord comprising at least two strands twisted together in which at least one of the strands is a reinforcing yarn as claimed in claim 1.
• a method for the manufacture of a reinforcing cord which comprises coating at least two multifilament lowtwist yarns with a liquid which can subsequently be converted to an elastic solid having a high Poissons ratio, the depth of penetration into the multifilament yarn of the liquid being at least sufiicient to bond together 30 percent of the filaments composing the yarn, twisting the yarns together and subsequently converting the liquid into the elastic solid.
• lowtwist yarns are of rayon, nylon, polyester or poly(vinyl alcohol).

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26258718

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (1)

• 1968
  • 1968-08-03 GB GB27262/69A patent/GB1273984A/en not_active Expired
• 1969
  • 1969-07-28 US US845587A patent/US3624999A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1969-07-31 IE IE1069/69A patent/IE33503B1/xx unknown
  • 1969-08-01 LU LU59217D patent/LU59217A1/xx unknown
  • 1969-08-01 NL NL6911810A patent/NL6911810A/xx unknown
  • 1969-08-01 DE DE19691939269 patent/DE1939269A1/de active Pending
  • 1969-08-02 ES ES370193A patent/ES370193A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1969-08-04 FR FR6926704A patent/FR2015028A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

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