US3624632A - Mixed alphameric-graphic display - Google Patents

Mixed alphameric-graphic display Download PDF

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US3624632A
US3624632A US70674A US3624632DA US3624632A US 3624632 A US3624632 A US 3624632A US 70674 A US70674 A US 70674A US 3624632D A US3624632D A US 3624632DA US 3624632 A US3624632 A US 3624632A
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data
input data
control
signals
memory
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David Ophir
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Applied Digital Data Systems Inc
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Applied Digital Data Systems Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/22—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of characters or indicia using display control signals derived from coded signals representing the characters or indicia, e.g. with a character-code memory
    • G09G5/24—Generation of individual character patterns

Definitions

  • Sutherland ABSTRACT An apparatus for providing a mixed alphanumerical and graphical display of coded data.
  • the coded data is stored in a memory Those data characters to be displayed graphically have an additional control bit stored with them As the data is read from the memory for display, those characters accompanied by such a control bit are directed to a graphics logic unit, while those characters lacking the control bit are directed to a read-only memory.
  • the outputs of these two components control a video signal generator which generates the necessary video signal for application to a display device such as a commercial television receiver.
  • the present invention pertains to a data display device. More particularly. the present invention pertains to apparatus capable of providing a video display including both graphical and alphanumeric display of data.
  • the present invention is a system by means of which data can be displayed on a video display device in a mixed alphanumerical and graphical display.
  • the alphanumerical display is generated in fixed patterns permitting optimum economical alphanumerical pattern generation, while the graphical display is formed by a versital graphical technique adapted to permit the rapid formation of any desired graphical or pictorial display. Utilizing the present invention it is not necessary to form the alphanumerical display by graphical techniques. Thus, more uniform alphanumerical displays are created while making optimum use of alphanumerical pattern generation techniques, thereby permitting optimum and economical generation of such displays.
  • Data to be displayed in a mixed alphanumerical and graphical display is applied to the apparatus of the present invention in coded form.
  • a code interpreter determines whether particular data is to be displayed alphanumerically or graphically.
  • Data to be displayed alphanumerically is applied to a translator such as a read-only memory which converts the data to alphanumerical control signals.
  • Data to be displayed graphically is applied to a logic circuit which transforms it into graphical control signals.
  • the two sets of control signals are applied to a video signal generator which converts them into the necessary video signal for application to the output display device.
  • FIG. I is a block diagram of a data display system in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of an output display monitor suited for use in the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a representation of an alphanumerical display of a character which might be provided on the display device of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of one character space of the output display monitor of HO. 2.
  • data from a source it) is provided in coded form to the system of the present invention on line ll which applies the data to code interpreter 12.
  • Data source It] might be any source of coded data character signalsv
  • source 10 applies to code interpreter l2 coded control character signals indicating whether particular data is to be displayed alphanumerically or graphically.
  • Code interpreter l2 interprets the coded character signals applied to it and transmits the coded data character signals to memory 14 in which they are stored.
  • data source It] applies a coded control character signal to code interpreter 12
  • the code interpreter transmits a control signal to an appropriate control circuit.
  • control signals might be utilized in the present invention to control various features of the display of data, only those necessary to determine whether data is to be displayed alphanumerically or graphically are considered here. If a particular set of data is to be presented in a purely alphanumerical display, then data source 10 sends to code interpreter 12 a signal indicating that the system is to operate in an alphanumerical mode. ln response to this signal, code interpreter 12 applies a signal to the reset input of bistable multivibrator or flip-flop 16. All subsequently displayed data is then displayed alphanumerically.
  • data source [0 sends to code interpreter 12 a signal indicating that the system is to operate in a mixed mode, and in response thereto code interpreter [2 applies a signal to the set input of flip flop 16.
  • code interpreter [2 applies a signal to the set input of flip flop 16.
  • data to be displayed graphically is preceded from data source 10 by a graphical control command which causes code interpreter [2 to apply a signal to the set input of flip-flop l8, and data to be displayed alphanumerically is preceded from data source 10 by an alphanumerical control command which causes code interpreter 12 to apply a signal to the reset input of flip-flop 18.
  • the system could be constructed to operate only in the mixed mode, with flip-flop l6 and related circuitry omitted and with flip-flop l8 reset during what would be alphanumerical mode operation.
  • the ONE output of flip-flop 16 is connected to the first input of AND-gate 20, while the zero output of flip-flop 16 is connected to the first input of AND-gate 22.
  • the data output from memory 14 is connected to the second inputs of both AND-gate 20 and AND-gate 22, and thus when the system is operating in a mixed mode to provide mixed alphanumerical and graphical displays, the ONE output of flip-flop l6 enables AND-gate 20 to pass the data from memory 14, and when the system is operating in an alphanumerical mode to provide only alphanumerical displays, the ZERO output of flip-flop l6 enables AND-gate 22 to pass the data from memory 14.
  • flip-flop 18 In the mixed mode, when data is to be displayed graphically, flip-flop 18 is set, and its ONE output applies a signal to memory 14. As a consequence of this, each multibit data character subsequently stored in memory 14 has stored with it an additional bit which is a control bit, to indicate that the associated data character is to be displayed graphically. Conversely, when data is to be displayed alphanumerically, flip flop 18 is reset, and so no such control bit is stored with the associated multibit data characters subsequently stored in memory l4.
  • the data characters from memory 14 are ap plied through gate 20 to the first input of AND-gate 24 and to the noninhibiting input of lNHlBlTED-AND-gate 26.
  • control bits stored in memory 14 with those data characters which are to be displayed graphically are applied from memory [4 to the second input of AND-gate 24 and to the inhibiting input of INHIBITED-AND-gate 26.
  • data which is to be displayed graphically passes from AND-gate 20 through AND-gate 24 to graphics logic unit 28, while data which is to be displayed alphanumerically passes from AND-gate 20 through lNI-IlBITED-AND-gate 26 and ORIgate 30 to read-only memory (ROM) 32.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • all data passes through ANDgate 22 and OR-gate 30 to ROM 32.
  • Graphics logic unit 28 interprets the data signals applied to it and in response thereto generates the graphical pattern signals which form the basis of the graphical output display.
  • ROM 32 interprets the alphanumerical data signals and generates the alphanumerical pattern signals which form the basis of the alphanumerical output display.
  • These pattern signals from graphics logic unit 28 and from ROM 32 are applied through OR-gate 34 to video signal generator 36 in which they are mixed with the necessary synchronization and other signals to form the appropriate video signal that is applied by output line 38 to display device 40.
  • Video signal generator 36 in addition generates the necessary timing signals which not only are required by its output video signal but which also are applied to code interpreter [2, memory 14, graphics logic unit 28 and ROM 32 to synchronize operation of the system.
  • output display device 40 is a commercial television receiver operating. As depicted in FIG. 2, when such a receiver is operating in a noninterlaced mode, there are on its display screen 4l a total of 262% raster scan lines in its output display. To ensure against distortion of data on the output display, the 23 uppermost and the 23 lowermost raster scan lines are not used, and so 216 scan lines are available for data. These 2 I 6 scan lines can be divided into 24 data lines, each having nine scan lines. Each scan line is made up of 80 character positions, each of which is divided into six dot positions.
  • ASCII code is a widely accepted data code utilizing seven data bits for the encoding of each data character. Details of the ASCII code can be found in numerous publications such as United ROM of America Standards Institute publication USAS X3.4-l968. entitled Standard Code for Information Exchange. published in I968. The following table presents the ASCII code:
  • Columns 0 and I of the ASCII code are nonprinting control characters rather than data characters. These control characters can be utilized for the control commands from data source II] to code interpreter 12.
  • the command to shift the system to the mixed mode might be the SO control character 000i 1 l0.
  • the command to shift the system to the alphanumerical mode might be the SI control character 0001 l l I.
  • these control characters are the "shift out” and the "shift in” control commands, respectively.
  • the "shift out" control character 000i I I0 indicates that the coded characters which follow it are to be interpreted as not being from the ASCII code.
  • Code interpreter I2 senses the control commands and in response thereto applies the necessary signals to the different inputs of flipllops I6 and 18. Data characters are likewise sensed by code interpreter I2 and are applied to the data input of memory 14, Video signal generator 36 applies the data line number and the character number to memory 14.
  • Code interpreter 12 can be any set of gates capable of properly sensing the signals applied to it from data source I0.
  • each character having a zero for both bits six and seven is a control character which thus is applied by code interpreter IIIUIIR J 12 to either flip-flop 16 or flip-flop I8 or to some other control device should additional control features be provided.
  • each data character is uniquely defined by a six-bit coded character. Consequently, if the system is limited to display of the dense ASCII subset, code interpreter 12 needs to transmit to memory I4 only bits one through six of each coded character received from data source 10.
  • code interpreter 12 causes flip-flop I8 to be reset so that the data is stored in memory I4 without the extra control bit. Consequently, when that data is read from memory I4, AND-gate 24 is blocked, and INHIBITED-AND-gate 26 is not inhibited.
  • the data from memory 14 therefore passes through gates 20, 26 and 30 to ROM 32 which interprets the data in accordance with the dense ASCII subset.
  • ROM 32 receives the scan line number and the dot position number from counters within video signal generator 36, and from these numbers and from the data character, ROM 32 generates alphanumerical pattern signals that are transmitted through OR-gate 34 to video signal generator 36.
  • Video signal generator 36 generates a video signal including the six-bit position signals for the designated scan line of the designated data character.
  • ROM 32 generates for the first scan line of that data character the alphanumerical pattern signal OOIOOO, and in response to that signal and to the synchronization signals generated within video signal generator 36, the video signal generator applies to output line 38 a video signal to cause display device 40 to produce the first scan line of the alphanumerical character A as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the video display will consist of totally blanked and totally unblanked areas, and so the video signal output from video signal generator 36 includes twostate blank and unblank signals mixed with the necessary vertical and horizontal synchronization signals.
  • video signal generator 38 in response to this alphanumerical pattern signal 001000, video signal generator 38 generates a video signal for the first scan line of mun the designated character location on display screen 4] which causes dot positions one, two, four, five and six to be blanked while dot position three is unblanked. Should the reverse background be desired on display screen 41, then the video signal causes dot positions one, two, four, five and six to be unblanked while dot position three is blanked.
  • the appropriate alphanumerical pattern signal is generated by ROM 32. It will be noted that the display of FIG. 3 utilizes seven raster lines and five dot positions of the nine raster lines and six dot positions in the character space. The remaining two raster lines and one dot position provide interline and intercharacter spacing.
  • code interpreter 12 sets flip-flop l8 and each of those subsequent data characters is stored in memory I4 together with an extra control bit which indicates that those data characters are to be displayed graphically.
  • the control bit inhibits INHIBlTED-AND gate 26 and enables AND-gate 24. Consequently, those data characters pass from memory 14 through gates 20 and 24 to graphics logic unit 28 which in response thereto generates a graphical pattern signal.
  • the coded data characters from data source II) which result in graphical displays are in a six-bit code, just as are the coded data characters which result in alphanumerical displays of the dense ASCII subset.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a typical character position on the display screen 4
  • each character position is divided into six bit spaces, hl through b6.
  • Each of the bit spaces bI-b6 is three scan lines high and three dot position wide.
  • the coded characters are interpreted to indicate whether the respective six-bit spaces bl through b6, depicted in FIG. 4, of the corresponding character position are to be blanked or unblanked on output display device 40.
  • the six-bit code can be interpreted by graphics logic unit 28 in accordance with the following graphics subset:
  • graphics logic unit 28 applies a graphical pattern signal through OR-gate 34 to video signal generator 36 to cause the video signal genera tor to apply to output line 38 a video signal including two-state blank and unblank signals mixed with the necessary vertical and horizontal synchronization signals to generate the patterns of the above graphical subset.
  • Graphics logic unit 28 receives from video signal generator 36 the raster line number and the dot position number to synchronize generation of the graphical pattern signals. Note that, as shown in FIG. 4. each bit position bl--b6 of the character position includes three dot positions on each of three raster lines. Thus. for example.
  • the coded character l [0101 would graphically generate an L-shaped pattern having blanked dot positions one, two and three on each of raster lines one through six and dot positions one through six on each of raster lies seven through nine, with dot positions four, five and six on each of raster lines one through six unblanked.
  • the blanked areas are contiguous.
  • a bit space which is to be blanked can have fewer than all nine dot positions blanked in response to the data characters from memory 14.
  • the four dot spaces defined by the intersection of the top two raster lines and left two dot positions of each bit position e.g. dot positions one. two. four and five of raster lines one, two, four five. seven and eight
  • Numerous other such patterns, of course. could be utilized.
  • Memory 14 can be any memory having nondestructive read out and having sufficient capacity to hold the maximum number of data characters which it is desired to display. Thus, if the display is to have a maximum capability of 24 display lines. each with character positions, the memory 14 must have a capacity of 1,920 seven-bit characters (six data bits and a control bit per character). The data characters stored within the memory 14 are then sequentially read out to gates 20 and 22, while the control bits are sequentially applied to gates 24 and 26.
  • code interpreter 12 preferably converts the data to parallel for application to memory 14.
  • each display line is raster scanned by a horizontal scanning signal modulated with a sinusoidal sweep signal to sweep the scan vertically over the full character height during each display line raster scan.
  • a vertical raster scan could be utilized or a vertical subraster scan in which each vertical character location is raster scanned by a signal that is modulated by a sinusoidal sweep signal to horizontally sweep the scan over the full character width.
  • any of numerous display mechanisms could be utilized as a display device 40,
  • a standard cathode-ray tube could be utilized with both X and Y deflection voltages applied to it
  • a stored image cathode-ray tube not requiring frequent image refreshing, could be utilized, in which event memory (14) need not have a nondestructive readout.
  • Other possible display devices include plasma screens, light-emitting diodes. and tungsten light bulb patterns. These various display devices are thus referred to as video display devices. It is thus seen that although the present invention has described with reference to preferred embodiments, numerous modifications and rearrangements could be made, and still the result would be within the scope of the invention.
  • a. memory means for storing coded input data character signals
  • first generating means for generating from said coded input data character signals a graphical pattern signal
  • second generating means for generating from said coded input data character signals an alphanumerical pattern signal
  • first control means coupled to said memory means, to said first generating means and to said second generating means and capable alternatively of assuming a first state in which coded input data character signals from said memory means pass through said first control means to said first generating means and of assuming a second state in which coded input data character signals from said memory means pass through said first control means to said second generating means;
  • input code interpreting means for receiving from a data source coded input character signals including coded input data character signals and coded input control character signals and for directing coded input data character si na ls to said memory means for storage wherein an directing coded input control character
  • video signal generator means coupled to said first generating means and to said second generating means for generatinga video signal, in response to the graphical pattern signal and the alphanumerical pattern signal, the video signal including synchronization components, said video signal generator means applying the video signal to an output line for application to a video display device, said video signal generator further generating timing signals for application within the apparatus to synchronize operation thereof.
  • gate means responsive to presence of a control bit in as sociation with an input data character signal stored within said memory means for applying that input data character signal to a first one of said first and second generating means, said gate means further responsive to absence ofa control bit in association with another input data character signal stored within said memory means for applying that other input data character signal to the other one of said first and second generating means.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 further comprising second control means coupled to said input code interpreter means. to said memory means, to said first control means and to said second generating means, said second control means capable alternatively of assuming a first state in which coded input data character signals from said memory means pass through said second control means to said first control means and of assuming a second state in which coded input data character signals from said memory means pass through said second control means to said second generating means, said input code interpreter means directing selected coded input control character signals to said second control means to cause said second control means to assume one of its two states in response thereof.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim I further comprising a video display device connected to said video signal generator output line for providing a video display of video signals applied thereto.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim I further comprising a source of coded input character signals.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim I in which one of said first and second generating means is a read-only memory.

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US3750135A (en) * 1971-10-15 1973-07-31 Lektromedia Ltd Low resolution graphics for crt displays
US3778810A (en) * 1971-09-09 1973-12-11 Hitachi Ltd Display device
US3792462A (en) * 1971-09-08 1974-02-12 Bunker Ramo Method and apparatus for controlling a multi-mode segmented display
US3792613A (en) * 1972-05-19 1974-02-19 Krautkramer Branson Pulse-echo ultrasonic test apparatus with cathode ray tube digital display
US3801961A (en) * 1971-05-21 1974-04-02 Reuters Ltd System for providing a video display having differing video display formats
US3849773A (en) * 1970-02-16 1974-11-19 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Apparatus for displaying characters and/or limited graphs
US3872461A (en) * 1972-10-26 1975-03-18 Mennen Greatbatch Electronics Waveform and symbol display system
US3903517A (en) * 1974-02-26 1975-09-02 Cummins Allison Corp Dual density display
US3909818A (en) * 1973-09-14 1975-09-30 Metrodata Corp Multiple channel alphanumeric residential television video signal generator
DE2530766A1 (de) * 1974-07-11 1976-01-29 British Broadcasting Corp Datenanzeigesystem
US4012735A (en) * 1975-10-24 1977-03-15 Systems Resources Corporation Dual mode pattern generator
US4064561A (en) * 1974-12-13 1977-12-20 Pertec Computer Corporation CRT key station which is responsive to centralized control
US4075620A (en) * 1976-04-29 1978-02-21 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Video display system
US4204208A (en) * 1977-08-30 1980-05-20 Harris Corporation Display of video images
WO1981000471A1 (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-02-19 Harris Corp Video display terminal having means for altering data words
US4309700A (en) * 1980-05-22 1982-01-05 Technology Marketing, Inc. Cathode ray tube controller
FR2491241A1 (fr) * 1980-09-29 1982-04-02 Asea Ab Unite de commande pour organe d'affichage
US4338599A (en) * 1978-07-21 1982-07-06 Tandy Corporation Apparatus for alpha-numeric/graphic display
US4393376A (en) * 1981-06-04 1983-07-12 Zenith Radio Corporation Teletext interface for digital storage medium having synthetic video generator
EP0107084A2 (de) * 1982-09-29 1984-05-02 Computer Gesellschaft Konstanz Mbh Steuereinrichtung für ein Sichtgerät einer Texterfassungseinrichtung
US4451825A (en) * 1979-09-27 1984-05-29 International Business Machine Corporation Digital data display system
US4467324A (en) * 1980-06-27 1984-08-21 Del Mar Avionics Apparatus and method for printing annotated electrocardial data
US4470042A (en) * 1981-03-06 1984-09-04 Allen-Bradley Company System for displaying graphic and alphanumeric data
US4475162A (en) * 1980-09-11 1984-10-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Output device for providing information by scan
US4556879A (en) * 1981-04-06 1985-12-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Video display apparatus
US4594587A (en) * 1983-08-30 1986-06-10 Zenith Electronics Corporation Character oriented RAM mapping system and method therefor
US4684935A (en) * 1982-11-17 1987-08-04 Fujitsu Limited Combined graphic and textual display system
WO1991016684A1 (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-10-31 Teknekron Communications Systems, Inc. A method and an apparatus for displaying graphical data received from a remote computer by a local computer
US5072214A (en) * 1989-05-11 1991-12-10 North American Philips Corporation On-screen display controller
US6741264B1 (en) 1999-05-11 2004-05-25 Gific Corporation Method of generating an audible indication of data stored in a database

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DE3046513C2 (de) * 1980-12-10 1982-12-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren und Anordnung zum Speichern von graphischen Mustern
JPS60233691A (ja) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-20 シャープ株式会社 グラフイツクデイスプレイ装置
KR102612434B1 (ko) * 2022-12-12 2023-12-12 한국건설기술연구원 콘크리트 구조물의 충격 흡수를 위한 모듈형 댐핑장치 및 이를 이용한 시공방법

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Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849773A (en) * 1970-02-16 1974-11-19 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Apparatus for displaying characters and/or limited graphs
US3801961A (en) * 1971-05-21 1974-04-02 Reuters Ltd System for providing a video display having differing video display formats
US3792462A (en) * 1971-09-08 1974-02-12 Bunker Ramo Method and apparatus for controlling a multi-mode segmented display
US3778810A (en) * 1971-09-09 1973-12-11 Hitachi Ltd Display device
US3750135A (en) * 1971-10-15 1973-07-31 Lektromedia Ltd Low resolution graphics for crt displays
US3792613A (en) * 1972-05-19 1974-02-19 Krautkramer Branson Pulse-echo ultrasonic test apparatus with cathode ray tube digital display
US3872461A (en) * 1972-10-26 1975-03-18 Mennen Greatbatch Electronics Waveform and symbol display system
US3909818A (en) * 1973-09-14 1975-09-30 Metrodata Corp Multiple channel alphanumeric residential television video signal generator
US3903517A (en) * 1974-02-26 1975-09-02 Cummins Allison Corp Dual density display
DE2530766A1 (de) * 1974-07-11 1976-01-29 British Broadcasting Corp Datenanzeigesystem
US4064561A (en) * 1974-12-13 1977-12-20 Pertec Computer Corporation CRT key station which is responsive to centralized control
US4012735A (en) * 1975-10-24 1977-03-15 Systems Resources Corporation Dual mode pattern generator
US4075620A (en) * 1976-04-29 1978-02-21 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Video display system
US4204208A (en) * 1977-08-30 1980-05-20 Harris Corporation Display of video images
US4338599A (en) * 1978-07-21 1982-07-06 Tandy Corporation Apparatus for alpha-numeric/graphic display
WO1981000471A1 (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-02-19 Harris Corp Video display terminal having means for altering data words
US4290063A (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-09-15 Harris Data Communications, Inc. Video display terminal having means for altering data words
US4451825A (en) * 1979-09-27 1984-05-29 International Business Machine Corporation Digital data display system
US4309700A (en) * 1980-05-22 1982-01-05 Technology Marketing, Inc. Cathode ray tube controller
US4467324A (en) * 1980-06-27 1984-08-21 Del Mar Avionics Apparatus and method for printing annotated electrocardial data
US4475162A (en) * 1980-09-11 1984-10-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Output device for providing information by scan
FR2491241A1 (fr) * 1980-09-29 1982-04-02 Asea Ab Unite de commande pour organe d'affichage
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE364586B (xx) 1974-02-25
JPS543329B1 (xx) 1979-02-21
NL168638B (nl) 1981-11-16
NL168638C (nl) 1982-04-16
DE2144596B2 (de) 1981-06-04
CA942874A (en) 1974-02-26
FR2107448A5 (xx) 1972-05-05
DE2144596C3 (de) 1983-11-10
DE2144596A1 (de) 1972-03-16
NL7112347A (xx) 1972-03-13

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