US3619701A - Halogen cycle incandescent lamps - Google Patents

Halogen cycle incandescent lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3619701A
US3619701A US887610A US3619701DA US3619701A US 3619701 A US3619701 A US 3619701A US 887610 A US887610 A US 887610A US 3619701D A US3619701D A US 3619701DA US 3619701 A US3619701 A US 3619701A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bulb
fluorine
halogen lamp
chlorine
lamp according
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Expired - Lifetime
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US887610A
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English (en)
Inventor
Keiichi Sugano
Takashi Ohmori
Yoji Yuge
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Toshiba Corp
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Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/50—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified pressure thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Definitions

  • Quantities of chlorine and fluorine are respectively from 0.05 X10 to 1.00 XlO' gram atoms of chlorine and from 0.05 XlO' to 1.50 10 gram atoms of fluorine per cubic centimeter of the inner volume of the lamp,
  • This invention relates to a lamp and more particularly to an electric halogen lamp.
  • halogen electric lamps wherein halogens such as iodine (l), bromine (Br), chlorine (Cl) and iodine monobromide (IBr) or hydrocarbon halides such as methyl bromide (CH Br), methylene chloride (Cl-l Cl are sealed in glass bulbs together with nitrogen or inert gas so as to effect a regenerative halogen cycle by these halogens.
  • halogens such as iodine (l), bromine (Br), chlorine (Cl) and iodine monobromide (IBr) or hydrocarbon halides such as methyl bromide (CH Br), methylene chloride (Cl-l Cl are sealed in glass bulbs together with nitrogen or inert gas so as to effect a regenerative halogen cycle by these halogens.
  • halogens such as iodine (l), bromine (Br), chlorine (Cl) and iodine monobromide (IBr) or
  • halogens are very harmful even'when they are present in a very small quantity and their chemical affinity toward other substances is very strong. For this reason, it is highly desirable to pay minute care in the manufacture of such halogen lamps so as not to endanger workmen. Especially, as these characteristics are remarkable in iodine, bromine and iodine bromide, not only do they require careful handling but also they react and corrode sealing members of metal or rubber. Moreover, these characteristics render incomplete the regenerative halogen cycle during operation of the lamps. Thus, for example, in electric lamps wherein the operating temperature of their bulb wall exceeds 250 C., control of the quantity of halogens sealed therein is difficult.
  • halogen lamps having two pins for use in cinematographs, in addition to the above-described problems of corrosion and blackening the electric insulation between inner legs of lead-in wires each connected to said pins deteriorates thus causing arcing therebetween so that it is necessary to seal in the halogen gas together with a specially mixed carrier gas, for instance consisting of 86 percent, by weight, of argon and l4 percent, by weight, of nitrogen in order to prevent the arcing.
  • a specially mixed carrier gas for instance consisting of 86 percent, by weight, of argon and l4 percent, by weight, of nitrogen in order to prevent the arcing.
  • chlorine and fluorine are used as the halogen to be sealed in the bulb together with a nitrogen gas and/or an inert gas such as argon gas, said chlorine and fluorine being used in an amount of 0.05 10- to l.00 l gram atoms per cubic centimeter and 0.05 to l.50 10- gram atoms per cubic centimeter, respectively of the inner volume ofthe bulb.
  • chlorine, fluorine and carbon are used in the form of organic compounds so that in addition to the above-described merit of eliminating the problem of blackening and corrosion, such organic compounds are advantageous in that they are colorless and harmless to human bodies.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation of a halogen lamp embodying this invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a modified embodiment of this invention.
  • 0.05 X l0bh6 to l.0O 10* gram atoms of chlorine per cubic centimeter and 0.05 10- to l.50 10- gram atoms of fluorine per cubic centimeter of the inner volume of the bulb are used together with nitrogen and/or inert gas.
  • chlorine and fluorine it is advantageous to use chlorine and fluorine in combination with carbon.
  • Hydrocarbon halides, or compounds of fluorine, chlorine and carbon for example,
  • tetrafluoroethane are colorless so that bulbs filled with these hydrocarbon halides are free from absorption of light which is inherent to a conventional iodine lamp and have extremely high luminous efficiency.
  • hydrocarbon halides are not harmful and can be handled safely. In addition, since they are extremely stable chemically at room temperature they never corrode common metals, thus ensuring satisfactory maintenance of the gas sealing apparatus. Finally, it is to be particularly pointed out that these hydrocarbon halides do not undergo decomposition unless they are heated to temperatures exceeding 500 to 600 C. Thus portions of the lamps at relatively low temperature, such as supports and anchors would not be corroded. Only at portions of the lamp which attain high temperature during operation of the lamp, for example, the central portion of the tungsten filament, tungsten fluorine and chlorine produced by decomposition undergo satisfactory regenerative halogen cycle thus eliminating the phenomenon of blackening.
  • the lamp comprises a transparent glass cylindrical bulb or envelope 1 containing a transverse filament of a tungsten coil 2. Opposite ends of the filament are connected to metal foils 4 embedded in a squeezed portion of the bulb 1 via lead wires 3, the foils being connected to terminal pins 5 protruding from the base of the lamp.
  • the bulb is sealed with 0.l0 l0" mol of dichlorodifluoromethane (CF Cl per 1 cubic centimeter of the inner volume of the bulb and argon gas under a pressure of 600 to 700 mm. Hg.
  • lamps sealed with these gases and having a rating of 24 v., 150 w., 33 lm./w. did not show any tendency of wall blackening and corrosion of low temperature portions and manifested satisfactory regenerative halogen cycle.
  • a modified embodiment having a rating of v., 500 w. shown in FIG. 2 comprises a transparent cylindrical glass 10 containing a tungsten coil filament 11 supported by a plurality of anchors 12 at spaced-apart points along the length thereof such that the filament 11 extends along the longitudinal axis of the bulb.
  • a transparent cylindrical glass 10 containing a tungsten coil filament 11 supported by a plurality of anchors 12 at spaced-apart points along the length thereof such that the filament 11 extends along the longitudinal axis of the bulb.
  • molybdenum foils 14 are hermetically sealed.
  • Opposite ends of the filament coil 11 are connected to respective foils 14 through lead wires 15 and outer terminal pins 16 are connected to foils.
  • Within the tube is sealed the atmosphere of the above described embodiment or a mixture of argon and CF Cl gas.
  • Lamps of this embodiment were also subjected to similar continuous life test under the same rated voltage.
  • projections 14' are fitted in guide openings 14 is above described to bring grid electrode 7 close to the insulating substrate 2 thus providing an assembly as shown in FIG. 6.
  • Filament 6 is then mounted to extend in front of the assembly and lead wires are connected to respective electrodes. The assembly is then sealed in the glass envelope 9 to complete the fluorescent tube shown in FIG. 3.
  • the grid electrode employed in this invention has a window of a configuration of a pattern comprised by all fluorescent segments on an insulating substrate and a mesh is formed in the window. Furthermore, different from a prior screen grid, as there is no bridge in the window corresponding to and aligning with the insulating bridges between segments on the insulating substrate, it is not necessary to take care to align the window with the insulating bridge on the insulating substrate, thus rendering easy assembling.
  • This construction also eliminates the provision of a control grid between the screen grid and the filament which was essential to the prior construction so that it becomes possible to dispose the filament closer to the anode electrode thus flattening and miniaturizing the display tube.
  • the cutoff characteristics of the novel display tube has been improved about 30 percent over the prior fluorescent display tube.
  • a fluorescent display tube comprising an evacuated sealed envelope, an insulating substrate within said envelope, an anode electrode including a plurality of fluorescent anode segments adapted to form characters, said anode segments being mounted on said insulating substrate and insulated from each other, a single grid electrode disposed close to said anode segments, and a cathode filament extending in front of said grid electrode, said grid electrode being provided with a window common to the region of a pattern formed by said plurality of fluorescent anode segments, said window being provided with an electroconductive mesh.
  • said grid electrode comprises a metal plate provided with a window of a configuration corresponding to a pattern formed by all segments of a character to be displayed and a metal mesh provided for said window and wherein said anode comprises a plurality of fluorescent anode segments embedded in said insulating substrate and insulated from each other, said anode segments being arranged to be combined to display a desired character or digit and wherein said grid electrode and said anode electrode are assembled together.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US887610A 1968-12-27 1969-12-23 Halogen cycle incandescent lamps Expired - Lifetime US3619701A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP43095779A JPS4826632B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1968-12-27 1968-12-27

Publications (1)

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US3619701A true US3619701A (en) 1971-11-09

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US887610A Expired - Lifetime US3619701A (en) 1968-12-27 1969-12-23 Halogen cycle incandescent lamps

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US (1) US3619701A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS4826632B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
CH (1) CH501997A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1965229A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2027239A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1239120A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3707643A (en) * 1971-06-30 1972-12-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Halogen regenerative-cycle incandescent lamp
US3732455A (en) * 1970-03-03 1973-05-08 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Halogen incandescent lamp
US3810685A (en) * 1970-10-15 1974-05-14 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Manufacture of tungsten halogen lamps
US3854786A (en) * 1972-05-31 1974-12-17 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp
US3868159A (en) * 1972-06-28 1975-02-25 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing an electric incandescent lamp having a longer lifetime and/or a higher light output
US4005324A (en) * 1976-03-17 1977-01-25 General Motors Corporation Tungsten-fluorine lamp with native retained oxygen therein and method of manufacture
US4145101A (en) * 1975-04-18 1979-03-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Method for manufacturing gas insulated electrical apparatus
EP0392456A3 (en) * 1989-04-14 1991-07-17 TUNGSRAM Részvénytársaság Method of producing incandescent lamps with an halogen filling and lamp produced by the method
US20080191623A1 (en) * 2004-07-22 2008-08-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Halogen Lamp

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1925857A (en) * 1930-01-22 1933-09-05 Gen Electric Electric incandescent lamp
US3022439A (en) * 1960-03-11 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3453476A (en) * 1967-06-06 1969-07-01 Gen Electric Halogen regenerative cycle incandescent lamp
US3475649A (en) * 1966-09-20 1969-10-28 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Tungsten incandescent lamps with iodine halides
US3484146A (en) * 1966-10-08 1969-12-16 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing incandescent lamps having a transport gas filling

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1925857A (en) * 1930-01-22 1933-09-05 Gen Electric Electric incandescent lamp
US3022439A (en) * 1960-03-11 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3475649A (en) * 1966-09-20 1969-10-28 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Tungsten incandescent lamps with iodine halides
US3484146A (en) * 1966-10-08 1969-12-16 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing incandescent lamps having a transport gas filling
US3453476A (en) * 1967-06-06 1969-07-01 Gen Electric Halogen regenerative cycle incandescent lamp

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3732455A (en) * 1970-03-03 1973-05-08 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Halogen incandescent lamp
US3810685A (en) * 1970-10-15 1974-05-14 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Manufacture of tungsten halogen lamps
US3707643A (en) * 1971-06-30 1972-12-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Halogen regenerative-cycle incandescent lamp
US3854786A (en) * 1972-05-31 1974-12-17 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing a halogen incandescent lamp
US3868159A (en) * 1972-06-28 1975-02-25 Philips Corp Method of manufacturing an electric incandescent lamp having a longer lifetime and/or a higher light output
US4145101A (en) * 1975-04-18 1979-03-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Method for manufacturing gas insulated electrical apparatus
US4005324A (en) * 1976-03-17 1977-01-25 General Motors Corporation Tungsten-fluorine lamp with native retained oxygen therein and method of manufacture
EP0392456A3 (en) * 1989-04-14 1991-07-17 TUNGSRAM Részvénytársaság Method of producing incandescent lamps with an halogen filling and lamp produced by the method
US20080191623A1 (en) * 2004-07-22 2008-08-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Halogen Lamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4826632B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1973-08-13
CH501997A (de) 1971-01-15
GB1239120A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-07-14
FR2027239A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-09-25
DE1965229A1 (de) 1970-08-13

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