US3619426A - Counterflow liquid-granular material transfer process and apparatus - Google Patents

Counterflow liquid-granular material transfer process and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3619426A
US3619426A US9846A US3619426DA US3619426A US 3619426 A US3619426 A US 3619426A US 9846 A US9846 A US 9846A US 3619426D A US3619426D A US 3619426DA US 3619426 A US3619426 A US 3619426A
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Prior art keywords
liquid
chamber
given
volume
unobstructed
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US9846A
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English (en)
Inventor
Claude Blain Paul Minart
Roger Platzer
Pierre Pouchot
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • B01D46/32—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material the material moving during filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/20—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium

Definitions

  • Such installations are related to mobile bed installations by the fact that each individual treatment takes place within an appropriate vessel tank or receiver and that the solid material passes from each such vessel tank or receiver in turn to the next one, but they really operate as fixed-bed installations because there are no opposite flows of fluid and solid material in their columns to ensure a methodical transfer process.
  • the measurement tank only features an emptying valve, this must also serve as an'inl'et valve for a further intennediate receiver, vessel or tank following the measurement tank and separated from the next column by a valve or cock closing against a flow of resin.
  • a further intennediate receiver vessel or tank following the measurement tank and separated from the next column by a valve or cock closing against a flow of resin.
  • the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile bed installation which does not have the above described disadvantages.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved mobile bed treatment installation'having a constant accurate rate of solid material flow.
  • this object is accomplished by periodically displacing the granular material bed in a treatment column with the injection of a preset volume of liquid under a given pressure into such column.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing by way of example one possible form of an installation embodying the features of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the sequence of operations in the installation of FIG. 1.
  • the installation shown in the drawings is of the type that may be utilized for treatment of a solution by the solid particles of a closed-circuit ion exchanger.
  • Such an installation may comprise an elution and washing column, generally designated 2, of smaller diameter than the fixing column.
  • the column 2 basically consists of a cylindrical body 20 and a base or housing 21 surrounding the bottom portion of the body 20;
  • the bed 20' of exchange resins filling the column 20 is over a sand bed 23 having an outlet strainer 24 buried in the same and connected to an outlet duct provided with a valve 24a.
  • the operation of valve 24a may be'controlled by a suitable timer generally designated 10 andof a type known to the art.
  • the body 20 of the elution and washing column 2 may have connected to its upper end a liquid outlet pipe provided with a suitable valve. A short distance below the entry end of the liquid outlet pipe, the column body 20 may have connected thereto one end' of a resin discharge pipe that runs off at an angle of 45 downwardly and provides a spill for the resins of the bed 20".
  • the resin discharge pipe may abo be'provided with a control valve edjacently to'the column 20.
  • the column body 20 Located in short distance below the entry end of the rcsindlscharge pipe, the column body 20 may be further provided-wltha peripheral annulus or strainer which is connected by a pipe provided with a valve to a suitable source for the washing solution that is fed therefrom into the top of the bed 20. A little further below such annulus the column body 20 may be provided with a second peripheral annulus or strainer that is connected to a suitable source for the eluant feed through a'pipe provided with a valve.
  • the exchange resins in the bed 20' are supplied from a storage tank 43, which discharges by gravity through a downwardly inclined pipe 44 into the annular chamber 22 where the resins form a heap which gradually grows in height until it blocks the discharge end of the pie 44 and thereby cuts off the feed from such pipe.
  • the discharge end of the pipe 44 is located at a given level which determines the maximum level of the heap of resins in the chamber 22 and leaves a space in the upper portion of such chamber for the fluid which is to impel the resins periodically from such chamber into the bed 20' through the annular opening between the bottom end of the body 20 and sand bed 23 in the manner described in greater detail in U.S. Pat. No. 3,503,510, dated Mar. 3, 1970 for Installation for Treating Liquids and Granular Solids.
  • the impelling liquid for delivering the resins to the bed 20' consequently for imparting periodic forward motion to such solid material bed is delivered tangentially into the upper portion of the annular chamber 22 through a duct or pipe 45 controlled by a valve 45a.
  • the pipe 45 is connected through a valve 62 to a suitable source of such liquid in a known manner.
  • the bottom end of a tank 58 is also connected to pipe 45 at a place located between the valves 45a and 62.
  • the volume of impelling fluid supplied to the tank 58 from the pipe 45 is determined by the space between two electrodes 56, 57 positioned in the tank and forming part of known means for controlling the operations of the valves associated with such tank.
  • a vent valve 63 is connected to the top end of the tank 58 and is open to relieve the pressure in the upper portion of the tank while the tank is being filled with the impelling fluid.
  • the space in the tank 58 above the impelling fluid therein is supplied with compressed air from a duct 59 though a pressure reducer 60 and an isolation valve 61.
  • valves 61, 62, 63 and 45a are connected to the timer 10.
  • the electrode 57 is in a line which contains the timer and valves 61 and 45a.
  • the electrode 56 is in a line which contains the valves 63 and 62.
  • the arrangement is such that when the tank 58 is to be filled with impelling liquid, valves 62 and 63 are opened by the timer, all other valves being closed. When the liquid in the tank 58 reaches the electrode 56, the tank is filled at the preset volume and electrode 56 operates to cause the closing of valves 62 and 63.
  • valves 61 and 450 are opened by the timer.
  • the liquid in the tank 58 drops to electrode 57, the preset volume thereof has been injected and electrode 57 closes valves 61 and 45a.
  • Compressed air is then fed through the duct 59, the pressure reducer 60 which holds the air at a constant pressure, and the valve 61 to the tank 58 to expel the liquid therein into the duct 45 and through valve 45a tangentially into the upper portion of the annular chamber 22.
  • This discharge of the liquid from the tank 58 will be maintained until the liquid level therein falls just below the lower electrode 57 which causes the closing of valve 61.
  • At least one of the electrodes 56, 57 should preferably be adjustable for height to enable setting the amount of the impelling liquid volume in accordance with requirements. It is important that the time between the opening and closing of valve 45a be sufficient to enable all of the liquid between the two electrodes 56 and 57 to be expelled into the annular chamber 22.
  • displacement of the granular material should preferably occur within a few seconds in order that the bed may progress up the column 20 as a piston with minimum loss through compaction. This it has been found can be achieved by a proper selection of the impelling pressure of the liquid i.e., by proper control of the pressure of the compressed air entering the tank 58.
  • the aforesaid eluant and washing feed valves and the outlet valve 24a close, the liquid outlet valve associated with the upper end of column 2 and valve 450 open, and a predetermined volume of liquid under pressure, referred to as the impulsion volume, is injected into the annular chamber 22 in the base of column 2 in the manner previously described. Simultaneously, an identical volume of liquid will discharge from the top of column 2 through the outlet pipe.
  • the rate of resin flow is set by selecting an appropriate combination of impulse frequence, impulse pressure and impulse volume. Injection of a given volume of liquid under a given pressure will repeatedly cause the displacement of the same given volume of resin.
  • the falling resin level in the annular chamber 22 in the base 21 of column 2 automatically starts the loaded resin flowing from hopper 43 through pipe 44 to the foot of the column until the material again heaps up to a height at which it will block ofi the opening to pipe 44.
  • Hopper 43 has associated therewith a photoelectric cell resin level detector 48 which is so arranged in a control system of a type known to the art that when the level of the material in hopper 43 falls to the plane of the cell so that the cell is exposed to light, the cell triggers ofi means to feed washed resin into hopper 43 from which it will be fed into the annular chamber 22 of column 2 during a further series of impulses in the manner described.
  • the feed of the washed resin to hopper 43 is controlled by a valve 42 operated by the timer 10.
  • the method of treating liquids and solid particles in an installatlon which comprises at least one substantially vertical tubular treatment column of such materials and a tubular casing enclosing the lower portion of said column and forming therewith an unobstructed tubular chamber for holding a mass of solid particles, comprising efiecting an accurate control of the volume of material passing upwardly through such column by accumulating a given mass of the solid particles in said chamber, and then rapidly injecting tangentially into such chamber above such mass of solid particles a given volume of liquid under a given pressure to efiect a forward upward movement of said given volume of the material in such column, said injection of said given volume of liquid under said given pressure being repeated at intermittent intervals to efiect an intennittent forward motion of given volumes of the material in such column, said liquid being supplied from an exterior source thereof, and such supply being controlled by liquid measuring means located externally of said unobstructed chamber and constructed and arranged to measure the volume of liquid to be injected into said unobstructed chamber and to
  • tubulariy-shaped column providin a cylindrical chamber or a bed 0 the solid particles, a tubu ar casing enclosing the lower portion of said column and forming with the latter an unobstructed tubular chamber for holding a mass of solid particles, first means for periodically supplying a given volume of solid particles to said unobstructed chamber, and second means for rapidly injecting tangentially into such chamber above the mass of particles therein a given volume of liquid under a pressure to efiect a forward upward movement of a given volume of the material in such column, said second means being constructed and arranged to repeat at intermittent intervals the injection of a constant given volume of liquid under constant given pressure to effect an intermittent for ward motion of given volumes of the material in said column, and said second means including means exteriorly of said unobstructed chamber for supplying said liquid, liquid measuring means located externally of said unobstructed chamber for measuring the volume of liquid to be injected into said unobstructed chamber, and means controlled by said liquid measuring means for interrupting the supply
  • said measuring means includes a liquid collection chamber located exteriorly of said unobstructed chamber and communicating with the latter and with said supply means, said controlled means being constructed and arranged to be responsive to the accumulation of liquid in said collection chamber to terminate the flow of liquid thereto by said supply means when said given volume is collected in said collection chamber, and means for feeding compressed gas under a given pressure into said collection chamber against the volume of liquid collected therein.
  • said particle supplying means includes means for feeding the solid particles by gravity into said tubular chamber until the mass thereof reaches a given level below the place of tangential injection of the liquid into said chamber, said particle supplying means being constructed and arranged to so feed the solid particles into said chamber in intervals between the intermittent operation of said second means.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US9846A 1966-05-20 1970-02-09 Counterflow liquid-granular material transfer process and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3619426A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR4940A FR1505371A (fr) 1966-05-20 1966-05-20 Procédé et dispositif pour provoquer l'avance intermittente et selon un cycle répétitif d'un lit de matière granulaire dans une colonne de traitement liquide-solide
FR4970A FR1515874A (fr) 1966-05-20 1966-07-09 Procédé et dispositif de transfert de matière granulaire pour installation de traitement à lit mobile fonctionnant à contre-courant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3619426A true US3619426A (en) 1971-11-09

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US9846A Expired - Lifetime US3619426A (en) 1966-05-20 1970-02-09 Counterflow liquid-granular material transfer process and apparatus
US9831A Expired - Lifetime US3619425A (en) 1966-05-20 1970-02-09 Counterflow liquid-granular material transfer process and apparatus

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US9831A Expired - Lifetime US3619425A (en) 1966-05-20 1970-02-09 Counterflow liquid-granular material transfer process and apparatus

Country Status (7)

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US (2) US3619426A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE698314A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1642975A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES340786A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (2) FR1505371A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1167653A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL6706880A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4720347A (en) * 1984-10-29 1988-01-19 Degremont Method and apparatus for the filtration of a suspension by a granular filtrating layer

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3915861A (en) * 1970-04-17 1975-10-28 Hager & Elsaesser Apparatus for the treatment of water solutions by ion exchange
US4088563A (en) * 1970-06-16 1978-05-09 Hager & Elsaesser Process for the treatment of water solution by ion exchange
GB1435936A (en) * 1972-05-26 1976-05-19 Hager & Elsaesser Method and apparatus for the purification of liquids
DE2702987B1 (de) * 1977-01-26 1978-05-18 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zur Trennung von koernigen Schuettguetern unterschiedlicher Dichten in einem gasfoermigen oder fluessigen Medium
US8071055B2 (en) 2002-12-04 2011-12-06 Blue Water Technologies, Inc. Water treatment techniques
EP1567453A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2005-08-31 Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. Reactive filtration
US7445721B2 (en) * 2003-12-03 2008-11-04 Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. Reactive filtration
US8080163B2 (en) * 2002-12-04 2011-12-20 Blue Water Technologies, Inc. Water treatment method
US7713426B2 (en) * 2008-01-11 2010-05-11 Blue Water Technologies, Inc. Water treatment
US8741154B2 (en) * 2008-10-17 2014-06-03 Remembrance Newcombe Water denitrification

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2693395A (en) * 1949-08-20 1954-11-02 Union Oil Co Solids conveyance
US2815322A (en) * 1954-03-31 1957-12-03 Irwin R Higgins Counter-current liquid-solid mass transfer method and apparatus
US3056743A (en) * 1959-08-19 1962-10-02 Dow Chemical Co Movement of confined particulate solids
US3272335A (en) * 1966-09-13 Process and apparatus for moving solid pellets in a closed circuit
US3298950A (en) * 1964-04-13 1967-01-17 Ritter Pfaudler Corp Liquid treating apparatus and method
US3503510A (en) * 1966-05-20 1970-03-31 Comissariat A L En Atomique C Installation for treating liquids and granular solids

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3272335A (en) * 1966-09-13 Process and apparatus for moving solid pellets in a closed circuit
US2693395A (en) * 1949-08-20 1954-11-02 Union Oil Co Solids conveyance
US2815322A (en) * 1954-03-31 1957-12-03 Irwin R Higgins Counter-current liquid-solid mass transfer method and apparatus
US3056743A (en) * 1959-08-19 1962-10-02 Dow Chemical Co Movement of confined particulate solids
US3298950A (en) * 1964-04-13 1967-01-17 Ritter Pfaudler Corp Liquid treating apparatus and method
US3503510A (en) * 1966-05-20 1970-03-31 Comissariat A L En Atomique C Installation for treating liquids and granular solids

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4720347A (en) * 1984-10-29 1988-01-19 Degremont Method and apparatus for the filtration of a suspension by a granular filtrating layer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1167653A (en) 1969-10-22
NL137123C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL6706880A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-11-21
ES340786A1 (es) 1968-06-16
DE1642975A1 (de) 1970-07-16
FR1515874A (fr) 1968-03-08
US3619425A (en) 1971-11-09
BE698314A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-10-16
FR1505371A (fr) 1967-12-15

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