Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
  • D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
  • D06P3/8223—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups
  • D06P3/8238—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups using different kinds of dye
  • D06P3/8252—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups using different kinds of dye using dispersed and reactive dyes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
  • D06P3/52—Polyesters
  • D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
  • D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
  • D06P3/66—Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/908—Anionic emulsifiers for dyeing
  • Y10S8/912—Arylene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensate or alkyl aryl sulfonate

Definitions

• ABSTRACT A process for dyeing blends of natural or regenerated cellulosic fibers and polyester fibers with reactive and disperse dyes, wherein the cellulosic component of the blend is dyed first with reactive dyes at temperatures in the range of 40 to 100 C. and in the pH range of 8.5 to [3, after which the pH is adjusted to 4-7, the disperse dye added and the polyester component of the blend dyed.
• the distinctive feature of this new process for dyeing blends of natural or regenerated cellulosic fibers and polyester fibers with reactive and disperse dyes is that the cellulosic component is dyed initially with reactive dyes in the presence of atleast one neutral salt and not more than 20 grams of a basic fixing agent per liter dyeliquor at a temperature in the range of 40 to 100 C. and at a pH of 8.5 to 13 or preferably to 13, following which the ph of the bath is adjusted to 4 to 7 the disperse dye added and the polyester component dyed.
• Cotton, linen, hemp, jute and ramie may be mentioned as examples of natural cellulosic fibers which may be present in the blend, while viscose filament and spun rayon and cuprammonium rayon are examples of regenerated cellulosic fibers.
• These materials can be dyed by the new process, which belongs to the group of exhaustion dyeing processes, in the form of monofilament or multifilarnent, yarns, sliver, woven fabrics, knitted goods and other textiles.
• Cellulosic monofilament and multifilament yarns are blended with polyester yarns, generally those spun from the polyesters formed by polycondensation of terephthalic acid and glycols, preferably ethylene glycol or 1,4-bis-(hydroxymethy1)-cyclohexane, and the blend is dyed either in the yarn form or after weaving or knitting in piece form.
• the dyebath is set with reactive dyes for the natural or regenerated cellulosic fiber and after the dyeing of the cellulosic fiber with disperse dyes for the polyester component of the blend.
• the suitable reactive dyes are those bearing a substituent which forms a chemical linkage with the fiber, for example a halogen atom readily cleavable as an anion, preferably a chlorine or bromine atom, or a group cleavable as an anion, e.g. --OSO,H, or a C-C multiple linkage capable of additive reaction.
• a halogen atom readily cleavable as an anion, preferably a chlorine or bromine atom, or a group cleavable as an anion, e.g. --OSO,H, or a C-C multiple linkage capable of additive reaction.
• These dyes may belong to the azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine or nitro series and may bear any of the following groups or radicals:
• a at least one dich1oro-, trichloro-, dibromoor tribromopyrimidyl, 2,4-dichloro-6-methyl, 2,4-dibromo-6-methyl, 2,4-dichloroor 2,4-dibromo-phrimidy1-5-methylene group bound through an oxygen or sulfur atom or through an imino group which may itself be substituted;
• the preferred reactive dyes are those which exhaust on cellulosic fibers to an acceptable degree for a bath containing a neutral salt.
• This practical rule is well known to the textile colorist and its application in the present process can be illustrated by saying that dyes are used which exhaust on the cellulosic fibers in the presence of about grams or more of sodium sulfate or sodium chloride per liter of the dyebath.
• Reactive dyes of special interest for the process are those which bear one of the reactive groups defined in (a) or (b) above and which are absorbed by cellulosic fibers in the presence of about 40 to 80 grams of sodium sulfate or sodium chloride per liter of dyebath at pH 10 to 13 to a degree which leaves the bath practically exhausted.
• the disperse dyes used may belong, for example, to the monoazo, disazo, anthraquinone, nitro, styryl'or quinophthalone series. These form stable dispersions in the weakly to very weakly acid dyebaths at the stated dyeing temperatures and have good affinity for polyester fibers and good light fastness. Their melting points are almost invariably higher than 100 C. and in general are superior to 140 C.
• the water solubility of these dyes at 80 C. is in general not greater than 100 milligrams per liter, i.e. 1:10.000 [Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colorists 70, 69-7] (1954)] and is preferably between about 0.2 and 50 milligrams per liter.
• the dyes contain no ionizing groups, such as COOH and SO,H, and no groups radical;
• Ggrmssn Patent 677,641; British Patent 843,644 styryl yes Fixing agents are used which have a pH value of at least 8.5 in aqueous solution at C., for example sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium or potassium bicarbonate, trisodium phosphate, or a sodium or potassium silicate with a molecular ratio of SiO :Na O or siO zK o of 1:1 to 3.5:], e.g. a sodium or potassium metasilicate or sodium water-glass.
• sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium or potassium bicarbonate, trisodium phosphate, or a sodium or potassium silicate with a molecular ratio of SiO :Na O or siO zK o of 1:1 to 3.5: e.g. a sodium or potassium metasilicate or sodium water-glass.
• Suitable neutral salts include sodium chloride or sulfate and potassium chloride or sulfate.
• the cellulosic component of the blend is dyed at 40 to 100 C. or, preferably, at 80-95 C. at a goods to liquor ratio of 1 about 1:4 to 1:30 or, preferably, 1:5 to 1:15.
• the amount of basic fixing agent used musfiaeso bzdculated that Ii'riJEre' amount of hydrogen halide liberated in fixation is bound and the pH of the bath does not fall below 10.
• the amount of basic fixing agent per liter must be greater than the amount used for dyeing at medium or long liquor ratios.
• the dyeing time is about 15 minutes at least and generally 30 to 60 minutes; it depends on the reactive dye used, the nature of the cellulosic component of the blend, the dyeing temperature, the alkali concentration and the alkalinity of the dyebath.
• the pH of the bath is adjusted to 4 to 7 or, preferably, 5-6.5.
• any of the acids commonly used in dyeing can be employed, such as acetic, sulfuric or phosphoric acid, or an acid salt, such as sodium or, potassium hydrogen sulfate, or preferably, a primary phosphate of formula Mel-130,, where Me represents an alkali metal (sodium, potassium), ammonia or a low molecular alkylammonium radical (CB -N11 (CH NHB? etc.).
• the disperse dye is added, for example, in aqueous dispersion or in solution in a suitable organic solvent or mixture of such solvents.
• the polyester component is then dyed in the presence of a carrier, for example a chlorinated benzene, 1-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene or a mixture of terephthalic acid dimethyl ester, benzoylaminobenzene and sodium sulfate, at 95-100 C. or at at temperatures about C., e.g. 1 10-140 C. or, preferably, l20-l 30 C., under static pressure.
• the dyed yarn or fabric is rinsed, washed off with soap and sodium carbonate or with an anionic or nonanionic detergent and sodium carbonate as required, then rinsed again and dried.
• the carrier used is 1-hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene
• the dyeings are of full shade and have good fastness to light, sublimation, dry heat treatments and dry cleaning, together with excellent fastness to water, perspiration, rubbing and washing at temperatures up to 100 C.
• the present process has the advantage that any desired disperse dyes can be used, including those which are not stable to alkaline solutions on heating.
• the dyes whose formulas are shown below give excellent results when applied by the present process, whereas in the known process the dye mai'ked is entirely decomposed and dye builds up only to weak depth on the polyester fiber, probably owing to saponification of the ester group to the COOH- group:
• EXAMPLE 1 The bath is set at 60 with 500 parts of water, 1 part of sodium 3-nitrobenzenesulphonate, 20 parts of calcined sodium sulfate, 2.5 parts of calcined sodium carbonate and 1 part of the dye of the formula NBOQS OzNB 100 parts of a blend yarn consisting of 33 parts of regenerated cellulosic fiber and 67 pans of polyester fiber of the polyethylene-terephthalate type are entered into the bath. The bath is circulated for 15 minutes at 60, its temperature then raised to 85 in 30 minutes and this temperature held a further 30 minutes with constant circulation.
• EXAMPLE 2 100 parts of a blend yarn consisting of 33 parts of cotton and 67 parts of polyester fiber are entered into a bath at 60 composed of 1500 parts of water, l.5 parts of sodium 3- nitrobenzenesulphonate, 60 parts of calcined sodium sulfate, 7.5 parts of trisodium phosphate (Na PO -l0l-l O) and 0.9 part of the dye of the formula The circulating liquor is held at 60 for 15 minutes and then raised to 85 in 30 minutes.
• Dyeing is continued for 30 minutes at this temperature, after which time are added 9.5 parts of primary sodium phosphate and 2 parts of a dye preparation made up of 35 percent of the dye 2-chloro-4- nitro-4'-( N-B-cyanethyl-N-fl acetoxyethylamino l ,l azobenzene (g), percent sodium dinaphthylmethanedisulphonate, 20 percent sodium cetyl suphate and 20 percent calcined sodium sulfate.
• the dyeing cycle is brought to a close as described in example l.
• the scarlet dyeing obtained has very good light and wash fastness.
• EXAMPLE 3 100 parts of a blend yarn spun with 67 parts of a polyester fiber of the type named in example 1 and 33 parts of regenerated cellulosic fiber are entered into a bath consisting of 3,000 parts of water, 6 parts of sodium 3- nitrobenzenesulphonate, 120 parts of calcined sodium suphate, 1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide and 0.9 part of the dye of the formula The dyeliquor is circulated for 15 minutes at 60 and then raised to 85 in minutes. The blend yarn is dyed at this temperature for a further 30 minutes.
• level blue dyeing is obtained which is fast to light and wet treatme HIS b
• the bromin ated l,S-dihydrmty i,S-diaminoanthraquinone of the aforestated dye preparation can be replaced by the dye Z-hydroxy- 5-methyl-4'-benzoylamino-l ,l -azobenzene 7 or the dye of the formula
• dye 5 can be replaced by dye l to give two-color effects on the blend with a green overall appearance.
• a dyebath is set at 60 with 1,500 parts of water, l.5 parts of sodium 3-nitrobenzenesulphonate, 90 parts of calcined sodium sulfate, 0.9 part of sodium hydroxide and 1.8 parts of the dye of the formula 100 parts of a blend yarn consisting of 33 parts of cotton and 35 67 parts of a polyester fiber of the type mentioned in example I are entered into the bath, which is then circulated for 30 minutes while the temperature is raised to 90". This temperature is maintained for a further 30 minutes.
• the bath is set for polyester dyeing with 7 parts of primary sodium phosphate and 3.8 parts of a dye preparation composed of 30 percent 2-bromo-4,6-dinitro-2'-acetylamino-4'-[N,N-bis (B- acetoxyethyl)-amino] -5'-ethoxy-l,l-azobenzene 10, 30 percent sodium dinaphthylmethanedisulphonate, 20 percent sodium cetyl sulfate and 20 percent calcined sodium sulfate.
• This second stage of dyeing is carried out as detailed in example l. A level navy dyeing is obtained which is fast to light and wet treatments.
• E EXAMPL 5 100 parts of a blend yarn composed of 33 parts of cotton and 67 parts of a polyester fiber of the type named in example I are entered into a bath consisting of 1,500 parts of water at 60, 1.5 parts of sodium 3nitrobenzenesulphonate, 60 parts of calcined sodium sulfate, 0.75 part of sodium hydroxide and 0.9 part of the dye of the formula The circulating liquor is held at for 15 minutes, raised to 95 in 30 minutes and held at this temperature for l hour for cellulosic fiber dyeing.
• the bath is set with 6 parts of primary sodium phosphate and 1.8 parts of a dye preparation of 35 percent 2-cyano-4-nitro-4'-(N-ethylN-B- cyanethylamino)-l,l '-azobenzene l2, 30 percent sodium dinaphthylmethanedisulphonate, 20 percent sodium cetyl sulfate and 15 percent calcined sodium sulfate.
• Dyeing is finalized as detailed in example I and gives a ruby dyeing which is fast to light and wet treatments.
• a dyebath is prepared at 60 with 2,000 parts of soft water, 4 parts of 3-nitrobenzenesulphonate, 80 parts of calcined sodium sulfate, parts of trisodium phosphate (Na PO,-l0H O) and I part of the dye of the formula S O;Na O CH;
• NONE-triehloropyrimidyl 100 parts of a blend yarn consisting of 33 parts of regenerated cellulosic fiber and 67 parts of polyester fiber and entered into the bath, which is circulated for IS minutes at 60, after which the temperature is increased to 85 in 30 minutes. Dyeing is continued for 30 minutes at this temperature.
• EXAMPLE 7 A dyebath is prepared in a high temperature dyeing machine with 1,500 parts of water, 3 parts of sodium 3- nitrobenzenesulphonate, 60 parts of calcined sodium sulfate, 7.5 parts of trisodium phosphate (Na,PO -l0H,O), 0.8 part of the dye of the formula N H-trlchloropyrlmldyl and 0.08 part of dye 1 (example 1). At 60 100 parts of a blend yarn consisting of 67 parts of polyester fiber and 33 parts of regenerated cellulosic fiber are introduced into the bath. It is then circulated for IS minutes at 60 and over the next 30 minutes is raised to 85, the blend being dyed for a further 30 minutes at this temperature.
• Circulation is continued while the bath is set with the additions for the second stage of dyeing: 3.8 parts of 60 percent acetic acid, 1.5 parts of sodium dinaphthylmethanedisulphonate and 1 part of a mixture of percent sodium dinaphthylmethanedisulphonate, 20 percent sodium cetyl sulfate, 20 percent anhydrous sodium sulfate, 17 percent dye 4 (example 2) and [8 percent dye of the formula S O NH 11 I dinaphthyl-.
• the bath is raised to l in 30-40 minutes and held at this temperature for 45 minutes. It is then cooled to 80 and the dyed blend is removed, rinsed with hot water, soaped for 20 minutes at the boil, rinsed again with hot and cold water and At 30 I00 parts of a blend yarn consisting of 33 parts of regenerated cellulosic fiber and 67 parts of polyester fiber are entered into the bath and turned regularly for IS minutes at the same temperature, after which time the bath is raised to 60 in 30 minutes and the yarn dyed for a further 45 minutes at this temperature.
• EXAMPLE 9 100 parts of a blend yarn composed of 67 parts of polyester fiber and 33 parts of viscose staple fiber are entered at into Over the next 30 minutes 75 parts of calcined sodium sulfate are added and over the subsequent 30 minutes l8 parts of trisodium phosphate (Na,PO,'l0H,O), in both cases in three portions. After the addition of the final portion of trisodium phosphate dyeing is conducted for 90 minutes at 40.
• the circulating bath is then set for polyester dyeing with 9 parts of percent acetic acid and 5 parts of a dye preparation formulated with 30 percent lamino-2-phenoxy-4-hydroxyanthraquinone I8, 60 percent sodium dinaphthylmethanedisulphonate and 10 percent sodium ligninsulphonate.
• the bath temperature is increased to I30 in 30-40 minutes and this temperature is maintained for 60 minutes.
• the bath is cooled to 90 and dropped. After a short rinse with hot water the dyed yarn is soaped at the boil for l5-30 minutes, rinsed again with hot and cold water and dried. It is dyed in a brilliant red which is fast to light and wet treatments.
• EXAMPLE 10 75 a p a parts of a blend yarn spun with 67 parts of polyester fiber and 33 parts of viscose staple fiber are entered at 50 into a dyebath set with 1,500 parts of water and 0.7 part of the dye of the formula After minutes 60 parts of calcined dium sulfate are added to the circulating bath and after a further 10 minutes 9.75 parts of sodium bicarbonate.
• Dyeing is continued for 90 minutes at 50, following which the bath is set with l 1.6 parts of 60 percent acetic acid and after brief intermediate circulation with 2 parts of a dye preparation composed of percent l-amino-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-ethoxy-etho )xyanthraquinone 20, 50 percent sodium dinaphthylmethanedisulphonate and 25 parts sodium ligninsulphonate.
• the bath temperature is increased to 130 and the dyeing cycle completed in 60 minutes at this temperature.
• the bath is then cooled and dropped, the dyed material rinsed with hot water, soaped at 100 for 20 minutes, rinsed again with hot and cold water and dried.
• the resulting red dyeing is fast to light and wet treatments.
• Blend Fabric
• Viscose staple fiber/50 percent polyethylene terephthalate fiber in examples 20, 21 and 24.
• the dyeing process was phased as follows: 30 minutes for heating up to the dyeing temperature for the cellulosic component of the blend: 60 minutes at the dyeing temperature for the cellulosic component; cooling and addition of the acid and in Examples 14 and 15 ⁇ in Example 36 in Examples 27, 30, 31 and 33 1" the disperse dye; 30 minutes for heating up to the dyeing tem- 1" erature for the ol ester com onent; 1 hour at the d ein K0 in examples 34 p p y p y g 'Na'coi in "mph, 25 and 37 temperature for the polyester componeptgf the blend.
• the reactive or disperse dyes employed in the foregoing examples have the following constitution. 2l 1-(4'-Hydroxyphenylazo)-4-phenylazoberizgene NH-trlchloropyrimldyl 23. Potassium l-(2' chloro-6'-methylphenyl)3-methyl-4-(2 '-metlioxy-5 -sulfato-ethylsulfonyl-phenylazo )-5-pyrazolone- 4'-sulfonate 24.
• a process for dyeing a blend of natural or regenerated cellulosic fiber component and linear polyester fiber component with reactive dye and disperse dye comprising exhaustion dyeing the cellulosic component first with the reactive dye in a dyebath in the presence of at least one neutral salt and of not more than 20 grams of basic fixing agent per liter of dyeliquor at a temperature in the range of 40 to 100 C. and at a pH in the range of 8.5 to 13, then adjusting the pH to from 4 to 7, adding the disperse dye to the dyeliquor and dyeing the poli'ester component of the blend.
• a process according to claim I wherein the basic fixing agent is from 0.2 to 1.2 grams of sodium or potassium hydroxide per liter ofdyeliquor.
• a process according to claim 1 wherein the basic fixing agent is from 2 to 20 grams of sodium or potassium carbonate or trisodium phosphate per liter of dyeliquor.
• polyester I component of the blend is dyed at from 95 to C. or at the boil in the presence of a carrier for dyeing linear polyester fiber.
• polyester component is dyed in the temperature range of from 1 10 to C. under pressure in the absence of carrier for dyeing linear polyester fiber.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

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• 1966
  • 1966-04-05 ES ES352435A patent/ES352435A1/es not_active Expired
• 1967
  • 1967-04-07 CH CH499467A patent/CH468516A/de unknown
• 1968
  • 1968-03-25 US US715517A patent/US3617168A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1968-03-26 GB GB04511/68A patent/GB1189415A/en not_active Expired
  • 1968-04-02 DE DE1769090A patent/DE1769090C2/de not_active Expired
  • 1968-04-03 BE BE713162D patent/BE713162A/xx unknown
  • 1968-04-04 NL NL6804758A patent/NL6804758A/xx unknown
  • 1968-04-05 FR FR1561622D patent/FR1561622A/fr not_active Expired

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