US3616619A - Tornado-flow separator with raw-gas precleanser - Google Patents

Tornado-flow separator with raw-gas precleanser Download PDF

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Publication number
US3616619A
US3616619A US871693A US3616619DA US3616619A US 3616619 A US3616619 A US 3616619A US 871693 A US871693 A US 871693A US 3616619D A US3616619D A US 3616619DA US 3616619 A US3616619 A US 3616619A
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Prior art keywords
gas
flow
separator
tornado
raw
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Expired - Lifetime
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US871693A
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English (en)
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Heinrich Klein
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/006—Construction of elements by which the vortex flow is generated or degenerated

Definitions

  • the device comprises a flow-guide structure shaped as a' body of rotation and coaxially mounted in the gas inlet duct so as to leave an annular interstice in which a coaxial group of guide vanes provides a helically twisting path for the gas fiow.
  • An axial tube of smaller diameter than the gas inlet duct has its inlet opening situated behind the vanes and receives the precleaned partial current of gas which flows near the axis of the duct, Whereas the more heavily dustladen outer portion of the gas flow enters into the tornado-flow separator vessel proper.
  • My invention relates to dust-from-gas separators generally of the tornado-flow type and, in a more particular aspect, concerns a device in the raw-gas inlet duct of such a separator for the purpose of precleaning the gas flow so as to branch off a relatively clean portion of the How while passing a dust-enriched portion of the flow into the separator vessel proper.
  • Tornado-flow separators comprise a cylindrical or tubular separator vessel with a coaxial gas inlet duct located axially opposite the clean-gas outlet of the separator.
  • the vessel is provided with nozzle means for supplying an amount of gas in a direction generally tangential but inclined toward the axis of the vessel.
  • the nozzle means may be constituted by nozzle tubes located at the cylindrical jacket of the separator vessel. The gas thus injected in a tangentially and inclined direction, produces in the vessel a rotational fiow composed of an outer helical potential flow and an inner, likewise helical rotational flow, the rotation of these two component flows being in the same sense but the respective axial directions of flow being opposed to each other.
  • the particles entering with the raw gas when reaching a vortex source above the opening of the inlet duct, are flung outwardly in the direction toward the jacket of the separator space and are then seized by the downwardly directed potential flow in the vicinity of the jacket wall but without impinging upon the wall.
  • the particles thus entrained by the potential flow collect in a ring-shaped space around the axial inlet duct from which they are drained out of the vessel.
  • the dimensioning of tornado-flow devices for separating solid or liquid particles from gases mainly depends upon the throughput quantity of raw gas to be cleaned in each case arising in actual industrial practice.
  • the separator For relatively slight dust charges of the raw gas and relatively large throughput quantities, the separator must be given correspondingly large dimensions in order to take care of the entire raw-gas quantity. It has been proposed to reduce the structural height of such plants by branching off a portion of the raw gas prior to its entering into the tornado-flow chamber proper, and using the branched-off portion as an auxiliary gas for feeding the nozzles that inject the gas quantity in a tangential and inclined direction into the separator vessel. This, however, may impair the etficiency of the tornado-flow separator because of the relatively large dust content of the tangentially injected gas quantity.
  • I provide in the inlet duct for the raw-gas a coaxial guidevane group with a centrally located deflector or guide structure of generally rotationally symmetrical shape, this guide structure having a smaller diameter than the gas inlet duct.
  • I further provide behind the guide vanes, seen in the gas-flow direction, a coaxial tube having a smaller diameter than the inlet duct and having its opening located to receive the precleaned partial current of gas flowing near the axis of the gas inlet duct.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematical and sectional view of a gas precleaning device with which the separator is provided in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the same device as a component of the entire separator plant, the separator being shown schematically in section;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section along the line IIIIII in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a modified portion of a separator otherwise corresponding to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
  • the particle-laden raw gas 2 enters from the left into the inlet duct 1.
  • Mounted in the duct 2 there is a coaxial ring-shaped arrangement of peripherally distributed guide vanes 3 with an axial flowdefiector or guide body 4 located in the center of the vane arrangement.
  • the vanes have a helical shape.
  • the guide body 4 having an axially elongated shape and constituting a rotationally symmetrical body of revolution, imparts to the entering gas flow a twisting motion and flings the entrained particle from the axial region of the raw-gas current outwardly into those regions where the centrifugal forces have correspondingly higher magnitudes.
  • the particles entrained in the raw gas collect predominantly in the region near the peripheral wall surface of the inlet duct 1.
  • a coaxial tap tube 5 Shortly behind the guide vanes 3 and the flow guiding body 4 there is located the opening of a coaxial tap tube 5 whose diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet duct 1 so as to leave a sufficient annular interstice for the dust-enriched gas flow to pass by the tube 5.
  • the relatively dust-free portion of the gas is sucked through the tube 5 out of the axial region of the inlet duct 1. Consequently, the smaller quantity of gas remaining in the inlet duct -1 and passing beyond the tube 5 carries a correspondingly increased volumetric burden of dust.
  • the separator need be designed for only one-half the throughput quantity. The other portion is already precleaned and may be withdrawn as cleaned gas.
  • the precleaned tap gas as secondary gas for the operation of the tornado-flow separator.
  • This is exemplified by the separator plant shown in FIG. 2.
  • the tornado flow in the separator vessel 10 proper is excited by in clined-tangential injection nozzles 9 located in the jacket of the vessel.
  • the tap tube is shown extended by means of a pipe 8 and opens into a ring channel through which the nozzles 9 are fed.
  • a blower 11 may be mounted in the gas line 8 if the main suction blower 12 located behind the separator should turn out to be insufficient.
  • the tap tube 5 may also be arranged in coaxial relation to the clean-gas outlet 13 of the tornadoflow device and may partially protrude into the tornado flow chamber proper. This makes it possible, especially in cases where the clean gas is being subjected to afterpurification, to directly withdraw the portion of gas which flows in the axial region through the separator; and this gas may then be also employed, if desired, for directly supplying the injection nozzles with gas, so that only the gas portion flowing in the outer region need be subjected to after-cleaning operation.
  • the device of the latter type is exemplified by the modification to the separating plant partially shown in FIG. 4.
  • the tap duct 14 in this embodiment protrudes downwardly into the tornado-flow chamber in coaxial relation to the clean-gas outlet duct 13 and withdraws the almost dust-free gases which flow in the axial region of the tornado-flow separator.
  • the tapped-off gas flow is directly supplied to the injection nozzles 9.
  • a blower may be inserted into the tap duct 14.
  • the duct 14 may be used without or with the duct 5. If the tap duct 14 alone is used, the vanes 3 and the guide body 4 need not necessarily be provided because the tornado flow in vessel suffices to produce the desired efi'ect.
  • a device for precleaning part of the raw gas of particles entrained therein comprising an inlet duct forming part of said raw-gas inlet means, a flow-guide structure shaped as a body of rotation and coaxially mounted in said inlet duct to form therewith an annular interspace, and a coaxial group of guide vanes peripherally distributed about said structure for providing a helical twist to raw gas flowing in the main fiow path so that particles entrained in the raw gas are flung radially outwardly from the axis of the fiow path and so that the gas continuing to fiow in the main flow path is clean, and an axial clean gas tap tube having a smaller diameter than said inlet duct and having its inlet opening situated in said inlet duct behind said group of vanes relative to the gas-flow direction and substantially
  • said clean-gas outlet means comprising an outlet duct extending from the top of said vessel, and said clean gas tap tube having a smaller diameter than said outlet duct and extending from the outside in coaxial relation to said outlet duct into said chamber so as to downwardly protrude beyond the end of said outlet duct.

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  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
US871693A 1967-09-27 1969-11-19 Tornado-flow separator with raw-gas precleanser Expired - Lifetime US3616619A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES0112044 1967-09-27

Publications (1)

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US3616619A true US3616619A (en) 1971-11-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US871693A Expired - Lifetime US3616619A (en) 1967-09-27 1969-11-19 Tornado-flow separator with raw-gas precleanser

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3616619A (xx)
AT (2) AT280966B (xx)
BE (1) BE721442A (xx)
CH (1) CH462788A (xx)
DE (1) DE1619920B1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1601321A (xx)
GB (1) GB1183912A (xx)
NL (1) NL6803444A (xx)
SE (1) SE352251B (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4272260A (en) * 1978-05-09 1981-06-09 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Tornado-type separator
US4311494A (en) * 1977-09-26 1982-01-19 Facet Enterprises, Inc. Axial flow gas cleaning device
US4519990A (en) * 1983-05-24 1985-05-28 Rockwell International Corporation Spray dryer for the purification of a gas
US5096467A (en) * 1986-05-09 1992-03-17 Japan Air Curtain Company, Ltd. Artificial tornado generating mechanism and method of utilizing generated artificial tornados
US5129930A (en) * 1990-06-05 1992-07-14 Institut Francais Du Petrole Co-current cyclone mixer-separator and its applications
NL1020531C2 (nl) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-04 Spark Technologies And Innovat Inrichting en systeem voor het scheiden van een mengsel.
US20040025481A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-02-12 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Dust pre-separator for an automobile engine
WO2015190976A1 (en) * 2014-06-10 2015-12-17 Scania Cv Ab Arrangement for the precleaning of air and an air intake system equipped with such an arrangement

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5024684A (en) * 1989-05-12 1991-06-18 Pyropower Corporation Multi-stage vortex reactor
US5620039A (en) * 1995-02-10 1997-04-15 Rytec Corporation Apparatus for providing a slidingly-separable connection between a movable barrier and a means for guiding the barrier
DE102009037621B4 (de) * 2009-08-14 2011-05-19 Rippert Besitzgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Aufteilung eines Gasstromes

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE883555C (de) * 1950-06-02 1953-07-20 Heinzjosef Junkmann Fliehkraft-Staubabscheider
DE1220240B (de) * 1958-08-22 1966-06-30 Siemens Ag Drehstroemungswirbler zum Abscheiden fester oder fluessiger Teilchen aus Gasen, insbesondere zur Staubabscheidung
DE1245329B (de) * 1961-04-28 1967-07-27 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Trennen von gasfoermigen und fluessigen Medien unterschiedlicher Massen-traegheit, insbesondere von Isotopen
DK125571B (da) * 1965-03-20 1973-03-12 Siemens Ag Drejestrømningshvirvelseparator til fraskillelse af faste eller væskeformige partikler fra gasser.

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4311494A (en) * 1977-09-26 1982-01-19 Facet Enterprises, Inc. Axial flow gas cleaning device
US4272260A (en) * 1978-05-09 1981-06-09 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Tornado-type separator
US4519990A (en) * 1983-05-24 1985-05-28 Rockwell International Corporation Spray dryer for the purification of a gas
US5096467A (en) * 1986-05-09 1992-03-17 Japan Air Curtain Company, Ltd. Artificial tornado generating mechanism and method of utilizing generated artificial tornados
US5129930A (en) * 1990-06-05 1992-07-14 Institut Francais Du Petrole Co-current cyclone mixer-separator and its applications
NL1020531C2 (nl) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-04 Spark Technologies And Innovat Inrichting en systeem voor het scheiden van een mengsel.
WO2003092901A1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-13 Spark Technologies And Innovations N.V. Device and method for separating a mixture
US20040025481A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-02-12 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Dust pre-separator for an automobile engine
US6921424B2 (en) 2002-08-06 2005-07-26 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Dust pre-separator for an automobile engine
WO2015190976A1 (en) * 2014-06-10 2015-12-17 Scania Cv Ab Arrangement for the precleaning of air and an air intake system equipped with such an arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE721442A (xx) 1969-03-03
SE352251B (xx) 1972-12-27
NL6803444A (xx) 1969-03-31
CH462788A (de) 1968-09-30
GB1183912A (en) 1970-03-11
AT284798B (de) 1970-09-25
DE1619920B1 (de) 1970-10-01
AT280966B (de) 1970-05-11
FR1601321A (xx) 1970-08-17

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