US3614597A - Tapchangers for regulating transformers - Google Patents

Tapchangers for regulating transformers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3614597A
US3614597A US860630A US3614597DA US3614597A US 3614597 A US3614597 A US 3614597A US 860630 A US860630 A US 860630A US 3614597D A US3614597D A US 3614597DA US 3614597 A US3614597 A US 3614597A
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Prior art keywords
contacts
fixed contacts
rotatable
contact
fixed
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Expired - Lifetime
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US860630A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerardus A Van Riemsdijk
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Smit Nijmegen Electrotechnische Fabrieken NV
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Smit Nijmegen Electrotechnische Fabrieken NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices

Definitions

  • a tapchanger for a regulating transformer includes a rotatable combined diverter switch tap selector, of which the fixed contacts are arranged in a circular row and are mounted at equal free distances from each other and at least one fixed contact extends over a larger arc of a circle than the other contacts and in which a set of switching contacts mounted for rotation about the axis of the circular row and cooperating with the fixed contacts is adapted to be rotated, for the changeover operation between at least one pair of adjacent fixed contacts, through a greater angle than for the changeover operation between the other pairs of adjacent fixed contacts.
  • the invention relates to a tapchanger for a regulating transformer consisting of or comprising a combined diverter switch tap selector for the fine voltage steps having in each phase a number of fixed contacts arranged in a circular row and appropriated for the connection with the taps of the transformer and at least one set of at least two mechanically rigidly coupled switching contacts cooperating with said fixed contacts and mounted for rotation about the axis of said circular row, one switching contact of said set being directly connected to a point of junction appropriated for the connection with a network-line or star-point conductor and the or each other switching contact of said set lying at a fixed angular distance from the first mentioned switching contact and being connected with said point of junction via a transition impedance, and in which the fee distances between the consecutive fixed contacts are equal and the rotatable switching contacts are positioned at such angulardistances from one another, that, during their rotation
  • a combined diverter switch tap selector of given diameter comprises less fixed contacts than is possible in connection with the insulating distances.
  • the invention has the object to provide a tapchanger comprising a combined diverter switch tap selector, in which more fixed contacts can be placed in a circular row of given diameter or a given number of fixed contacts can be arranged in a circular row of smaller diameter.
  • the invention is to be seen in that at least one of the two contacts of the or each pair of adjacent fixed contacts, between which the voltage difference can become a multiple of the voltage of the fine voltage steps of the transformer, extends over a larger arc of a circle than the other fixed contacts and in that the rotatable switching contacts must be rotated for the changeover operation between the said or such a pair of fixed contacts through a greater angle than for the changeover operation between the other fixed contacts.
  • the insulating distance between the set of rotatable switching contacts, when in the stationary position contacting a fixed contact, on one hand and anadjacent fixed contact on the other hand can be adapted to the voltage difference across said distance.
  • said insulating distance in the place, where said voltage difference is equal to the sum of all fine voltage steps is greater than the insulating distance in the places, where the voltage difference is equal to one single fine voltage step, only and that, during the changeover operation from the lowest to the highest or from the highest to the lowest voltage of the regulating range of the fine voltage steps, the rotatable switching contacts must be rotated through a greater angle than during the changeover operation between two fixed contacts, between which the voltage difl'erence is equal to one single fine voltage step.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical view of a combined diverter switch tap selector for the fine voltage steps of usual construction provided with a set of three rotatable switching contacts,
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatical view of a combined diverter switch tap selector for the fine voltage steps constructed in accordance with the invention and provided with a set of three rotatable switching contacts,
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatical view of a combined diverter switch tap selector constructed in accordance with the invention and provided with three rotatable switching contacts, said diverter switch tap selector being combined with a changeover selector for the coarse voltage steps of the transformer winding,
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatical view of a variant of the combined diverter switch tap selector for the fine voltage steps shown in FIG. 2 and provided with a set of two rotatable switching contacts only
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatical view of a variant of the combined diverter switch tap selector for the fine voltage steps shown in FIG. 3 and provided with a set of two rotatable switching contacts only.
  • the reference numeral 1 designates the base winding and the reference numeral 2 designates the regulating winding permanently connected with said first winding of a regulating transformer.
  • the regulating winding 2 is provided with taps 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 for seven fine voltage steps. These taps are connected with the fixed contacts 11, 12, l3, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 arranged in a circular row and forming part of a combined diverter switch tap selector for the fine voltage steps.
  • a set of three mechanically rigidly switching contacts 19, 20, 21 mounted for rotation about the axis of said circular row cooperates with said fixed contacts.
  • the middle one 20 of said switching contacts is directly and the outer ones 19, 20 thereof are, each one via a transition impedance 22, 23, connected with an annular point of junction 24.
  • a network-line or a star-point conductor 25 is connected to said point of junction.24.
  • the centers of the fixed contacts 11-18 are equiangularly spaced and said fixed contacts extend over equal arcs of a circle, so that the free distances between the fixed contacts are also equal. This is necessary to obtain a favorable bridging of two adjacent fixed contacts during the changeover operation.
  • This insulating distance is much greater than necessary in all places, where not more than the voltage of one fine voltage step occurs between the switching contact 19 or 21 and a fixed contact. Consequently, the diameter of the diverter switch tap selector shown in FIG. 1 is too great in respect of the required insulating distances.
  • the combined diverter switch tap selector illustrated in FIG. 2, which is constructed in accordance with the invention, is also provided with eight fixed contacts 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 arranged in a circular row and a set of three rotatable switching contacts 35, 36, 37 and two transition impedances 38, 39 cooperating therewith. Also in this case the free distances between the consecutive fixed contacts are equal.
  • the fixed contacts 27 and 34 connected to the ends 3 and of the regulating winding 2 extend each over a larger arc of a circle than the other fixed contacts 28-33 and the set of rotatable switching contacts 35, 36, 37 is, in its stationary position, asymmetrically positioned on the fixed contact 27 or 34, in such a manner, that the insulating distance 40 between the switching contact 35 and the fixed contact 27 or between the switching contact 37 and the fixed contact 34 sufiices just to insulate the great voltage difference between the fixed contacts 27 and 34.
  • the insulating distance 41 between the switching contact 37 and the fixed contact 33, where a voltage difference equal to a single voltage step only obtains, is considerably smaller than the insulating distance 40 as appears from FIG. 2.
  • This smaller insulating distance 41 is found in all stationary positions of the switching contacts 35, 36, 37, where the small voltage difference between the switching contact 35 or 37 and a fixed contact obtains.
  • the set of switching contacts 35, 36, 37 is rotated through a greater angle than during the changeover operation between the other adjacent fixed contacts.
  • the diameter of this diverter switch tap selector is for the same number of fixed contacts smaller than that of the diverter switch tap selector shown in FIG. 1.
  • the regulating winding 2 for the fine voltage steps is separated from the base winding 1.
  • Two windings 42 and 43 for the coarse voltage regulation are permanently connected in series with the base winding 1.
  • the combined diverter switch tap selector constructed in accordance with the invention is provided with eight fixed contacts 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, of which the fixed contacts 44-50 are connected with the taps 4-10 of the regulating winding 2 and the fixed contact 51 is adapted to be optionally connected via the rotatable switching contact 52 and the fixed contacts 53, 54, 55 of a double changeover selector with the taps 56, 57, 58 at the ends of the windings 42, 43 for the coarse voltage regulation.
  • the beginning 3 of the regulating winding 2 can also be connected, via the rotatable switching contact 59 which is mechanically rigidly coupled with the rotatable switching contact 52 and via the fixed contacts 53, 54, 55 of the double changeover selector, with the taps 56, 57, 58, so that the regulating range extends in a manner known per se with the aid of the double changeover selector and the combined diverter switch tap selector for the fine voltage steps over a range of 2X8+7ax23 voltage steps.
  • the fixed contacts 44, 50 and 51 extend over larger arcs of a circle than the fixed contacts 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 and the arc of the fixed contact 51 is still somewhat larger than that of each one of the fixed contacts 44 and 50. Also in this device the free distances between the fixed contacts 44-51 are equal.
  • a voltage difference equal to the fine voltage step between the taps 3 and 4 of the regulating winding is found between the fixed contacts 44 and 51 of the diverter switch tap selector only, whereas the entire voltage of the regulating winding is found between the fixed contacts 50 and 51.
  • the diverter switch tap selector is changed over and if it is in the intermediate position, in which the rotatable switching contact 59 is still in contact with the fixed contact 53 and the tap 56 and the rotatable switching contact 52 is connected to the fixed contact 54 and the tap 57, the entire voltage of the regulating winding occurs between the fixed contacts 44 and 51 of the diverter switch tap selector, whereas only a voltage difference equal to one single fine voltage step is found between the fixed contacts 50 and 51, since the windings 42 and 43 each produce a voltage, which is one fine voltage step higher than the voltage across the entire regulating winding 2.
  • the great voltage difierence thus appears alternately between the contacts 44 and 51 and between the contacts 50 and 51, so that the insulating distances 60 and 61, which are equal, must be capable to withstand this great voltage difierence.
  • a voltage difference equal to a single fine voltage step occurs, so that in these places the insulating distance 62 between a switching contact 63 or 65 of the set of rotatable switching contacts 63, 64, 65 and transition impedances 66, 67 which are in their stationary position in respect of a fixed contact on one hand and an adjacent fixed contact 44-50 on the other hand may be made considerably smaller.
  • FIG. 4 shows an other combined diverter switch tap selector for the regulating circuit of connections shown in FIG. 2.
  • the set of rotatable switching contacts comprises two switching contacts 68, 69 only, of which the contact 68 is directly connected to the point of junction 24 and the contact 69 is connected to said point via a transition impedance 70.
  • the network-line or the star-point conductor 25 is connected to said point of junction 24.
  • the device is provided with eight fixed contacts, which follow each other at equal free distances.
  • the fixed contact 71 which must be connected with the end of the regulating winding extends over a larger arc than the other seven equal fixed contacts.
  • the insulating distance 72 to the fixed contact 73 which is to be connected to the beginning of the regulating winding, is great and adapted to a voltage difference equal to seven time the fine voltage step.
  • the smallest insulating distance 74 between a rotatable switching contact and an adjacent fixed contact is much smaller, which is possible, as the voltage difierence which must be insulated is equal to one fine voltage step only.
  • the combined diverter switch tap selector shown in FIG. 5 may be used instead of the device illustrated in FIG. 3 in the circuit of connections shown therein.
  • the diverter switch tap selector is provided with a set of two rotatable switching contacts 75, 76 only, of which the contact 75 is directly connected and the contact 76 is connected via the transition impedance 77 to the point of junction 24.
  • the device comprises eight fixed contacts which lie pairwise at equal distances from each other.
  • the fixed contact 78 connected to the changeover selector 52, 53, 54, 55, 59 and the adjacent fixed contact 79 extend over a larger arc of a circle than the other fixed contacts.
  • the insulating distance 81, 82 between a rotatable switching contact and an adjacent fixedcontact is great. If, however, the voltage difference between a rotatable switching contact and an adjacent fixed contact can not become greater than the voltage of one single fine voltage step the insulating distance need not be greater than-that indicated by the arrow 83.
  • the combined diverter switch tap selectors (FIGS. 4 and 5) having a set of two rotatable switching contacts only may be provided with one or two fixed contact only, which extend over a larger are of a circle, whereas the diverter switch tap selectors (FIGS. 2 and 3) having a set of three rotatable switching contacts require two or threefixed contacts which extend over larger arcs of a circle. That is why the diverter switch tap selectors with the asymmetrical construction (FIGS. 4 and 5) can have a still smaller diameter than the diverter switch tap selectors with the symmetrical construction (FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • An on-load tapchanger for a regulating transformer having a regulating winding provided with a series of taps comprising;
  • a selector-switch for fine voltage steps, said switch including a circular row of fixed contacts for connection with the taps of said regulating winding, at least two rigidly coupled but angularly spaced rotatable switching contacts ,mounted for stepwise rotation about the axis of said circular row of fixed contacts and cooperating with said fixed contacts, said set of rotatable switching contacts being adapted to be rotated stepwise through an unlimited number of revolutions in either direction with at least one of said rotatable contacts engaging a fixed contact in each stepwise position, a terminal point, and at least one transition impedance, one of said rotatable switching contact being directly connected to said terminal point and the'other rotatable switching contact being connected through said transition impedance with said terminal point, said fixed contacts, said rotatable switching contacts, said transition impedance and said terminal point constituting together one phase of said selector-switch, the angular spacing between said fixed contacts being equal and the angular spacing between said rotatable switching contacts being such that they bridge across a pair
  • rotatable contact means including a pair of angularly spaced rotatable contacts mounted for stepwise rotation about the axis of said circular row of fixed contacts, the angular spacing between said rotatable contacts being sufficiently great to bridge across each pair of adjacent fixed contacts during movement thereof from one stepwise position to the next and the stepwise positions of said rotatable contacts being such as to position one of them at a particular point on an associated fixed contact at each stepwise position;
  • connector means connecting said rotatable contacts with said terminal point including means for limiting current flow when said rotatable contacts are in a bridging relation as aforesaid;
  • said angular spacing between fixed contacts being sufficiently great to insulate between said one pair of adjacent fixed contacts between which said maximum voltage may occur, the angular extent of at least one of the fixed contacts of said one pair thereof being greater than the angular extents of at least the majority of the remainder of the fixed contacts whereby to permit the diameter of said circular row to be smaller than otherwise permitted;
  • the angular extent of rotatable contact stepwise movement between said one pair of fixed contacts being greater than the angular extent of rotatable contact stepwise movement between adjacent ones of said majority of the remainder of the fixed contacts.
  • said rotatable contact means includes a third rotatable contact, said connector means including first and second transition impedances, said rotatable contacts being equiangularly spaced and the outer two of said rotatable contacts being connected to said 'tenninal point through said first and second transition impedances respectively.
  • a selector switch which comprises, in combination;
  • a series of fixed contacts equal to said number n of taps, said fixed contacts being arranged in a circular row of radius d so that a first fixed contact is connected with the highest voltage tap and an adjacent second fixed contact is connected to the lowest voltage tap so that a maximum voltage differential may be impressed between that one pair of fixed contacts constituted by said first and second fixed contacts, all of said fixed contacts being separated at least by a circumferential spacing a between each adjacent pair of fixed contacts which is sufficient to prevent arcing between said first and second fixed contacts when said maximum voltage is impressed therebetween;
  • rotatable contact means mounted for stepwise rotation about the center of said circular row, said rotatable contact means comprising a plurality of fixedly separated rotatable contacts having a maximum circumferential spacing which is at least equal to said distance a whereby,
  • means connecting said rotatable contact means with said terminal point including means for limiting current flow between said terminal point and any adjacent pair of fixed contacts when the latter are bridged as aforesaid during a stepwise movement of the rotatable contact means;
  • said fixed contacts other than said first and second fixed contacts, being of circumferential lengths less than said maximum spacing between said plurality of rotatable contacts whereby to reduce said diameter d, and
  • At least said first fixed contact being of greater circumferential length than said some fixed contacts
  • the stepwise position of said rotatable contact means at said first fixed contact being such as to engage two rotatable being connected sequentially with individual ones of said taps so that a first fixed contact located at said first rest position and a second fixed contact located at said second rest position may display the greatest voltage difference contacts therewith without diminishing the insulating which may exist due to the progressively increasing voltspace between said first and second fixed contacts, the ages at said taps, whereas pairs of those fixed contacts stepwise positions of said rotatable contact means at said located at those rest positions which are separated by said some fixed contacts being such as to engage at least one one angular extent of stepwise movement may display rotatable contact therewith while positioning another only a fraction of said greatest voltage difference rotatable contact out ofengagement therewith but spaced 10 the ebe e al of d fi ed onta s be ng cu from a next adjacent fixed contact by an amount sufiiferentially elongate and each being separated from those cient to prevent arcing thereto, the
  • said rotatable contact means including at least first and 9. in an on-load tapchanger for a regulating transformer rotatable cqmacts disposed filfed circumhaving a series f taps at hi h progressively greater voltages ferential spaced relation to each other which Is of amount may appear; suflicient to bridge between each pair of adjacent fixed rotatable contact means mounted on a predetermined axis during a stepwise mQVemem between fest P for making sequential stepwise movements between a Ions; number of rest positions equal to the number of said taps, meals q p s Said mimics 531d lemma] most of said stepwise movements being of one angular ex- P l mcluflmg means for llmltlng P l a tent and at least one stepwise movement between a first P of afilacent fixed Contact) and l ⁇ ermmal IP rest position and a second rest position being of an angusald rotatable

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
US860630A 1968-10-02 1969-09-24 Tapchangers for regulating transformers Expired - Lifetime US3614597A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL686814063A NL147895B (nl) 1968-10-02 1968-10-02 Regelschakelaar voor een regelbare transformator.

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US3614597A true US3614597A (en) 1971-10-19

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US860630A Expired - Lifetime US3614597A (en) 1968-10-02 1969-09-24 Tapchangers for regulating transformers

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US (1) US3614597A (fr)
AT (1) AT292134B (fr)
BE (1) BE739668A (fr)
DE (1) DE1949016B2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2019729A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1282782A (fr)
NL (1) NL147895B (fr)
SE (1) SE363692B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3748419A (en) * 1972-06-08 1973-07-24 Gen Electric Rotary switch with particular feeder contact
US3813503A (en) * 1972-02-03 1974-05-28 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Transfer switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
US5523674A (en) * 1992-07-16 1996-06-04 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Step switch
CN1052588C (zh) * 1995-08-05 2000-05-17 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 步进开关的调节方法
US20150028978A1 (en) * 2012-04-20 2015-01-29 Alfred Bieringer Distribution transformer for voltage regulation of local distribution networks
DE102013109289A1 (de) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter, Stufentransformator zur Spannungsregelung und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Umschaltung im Stufentransformator
US20150171783A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2015-06-18 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2327610C3 (de) * 1973-05-30 1979-01-11 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck Gmbh & Co Kg, 8400 Regensburg Lastumschalter für Stufenschalter von Regeltransformatoren
DE3529886A1 (de) * 1985-08-21 1987-02-26 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Stufentransformator mit mittenanzapfung
CN103578711A (zh) * 2012-07-24 2014-02-12 莫诺工业有限公司 用于超高压变压器的无负荷电压维持机

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2786122A (en) * 1954-07-29 1957-03-19 Electro Measurements Inc Resistance unit
US3070964A (en) * 1961-06-12 1963-01-01 Gen Electric Method of operating thermoelectric cooling unit
US3122698A (en) * 1961-11-29 1964-02-25 Allis Chahners Mfg Company Control system for step type regulator
US3244966A (en) * 1962-10-04 1966-04-05 Singer Co Multi-unit variable transformer device
US3365655A (en) * 1965-10-22 1968-01-23 Gen Electric Voltage regulators having vernier voltage control
US3462562A (en) * 1966-11-21 1969-08-19 Asea Ab Tap changer for transformers with elongated switch-over contact

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2786122A (en) * 1954-07-29 1957-03-19 Electro Measurements Inc Resistance unit
US3070964A (en) * 1961-06-12 1963-01-01 Gen Electric Method of operating thermoelectric cooling unit
US3122698A (en) * 1961-11-29 1964-02-25 Allis Chahners Mfg Company Control system for step type regulator
US3244966A (en) * 1962-10-04 1966-04-05 Singer Co Multi-unit variable transformer device
US3365655A (en) * 1965-10-22 1968-01-23 Gen Electric Voltage regulators having vernier voltage control
US3462562A (en) * 1966-11-21 1969-08-19 Asea Ab Tap changer for transformers with elongated switch-over contact

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3813503A (en) * 1972-02-03 1974-05-28 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Transfer switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
US3748419A (en) * 1972-06-08 1973-07-24 Gen Electric Rotary switch with particular feeder contact
US5523674A (en) * 1992-07-16 1996-06-04 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Step switch
CN1052588C (zh) * 1995-08-05 2000-05-17 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 步进开关的调节方法
US20150028978A1 (en) * 2012-04-20 2015-01-29 Alfred Bieringer Distribution transformer for voltage regulation of local distribution networks
US9406434B2 (en) * 2012-04-20 2016-08-02 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Distribution transformer for voltage regulation of local distribution networks
US20150171783A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2015-06-18 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer
US9455658B2 (en) * 2012-06-14 2016-09-27 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh On-load tap changer
DE102013109289A1 (de) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter, Stufentransformator zur Spannungsregelung und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Umschaltung im Stufentransformator
DE102013109289B4 (de) * 2013-08-27 2017-09-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter, Stufentransformator zur Spannungsregelung und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Umschaltung im Stufentransformator
DE102013109289B8 (de) * 2013-08-27 2017-12-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter, Stufentransformator zur Spannungsregelung und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Umschaltung im Stufentransformator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE363692B (fr) 1974-01-28
NL147895B (nl) 1975-11-17
FR2019729A1 (fr) 1970-07-03
BE739668A (fr) 1970-03-16
AT292134B (de) 1971-08-10
DE1949016B2 (de) 1972-04-20
NL6814063A (fr) 1970-04-06
GB1282782A (en) 1972-07-26
DE1949016A1 (de) 1971-09-16

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