US3598291A - Aerosol-type dispenser for dispensing a powdered material - Google Patents

Aerosol-type dispenser for dispensing a powdered material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3598291A
US3598291A US811109A US3598291DA US3598291A US 3598291 A US3598291 A US 3598291A US 811109 A US811109 A US 811109A US 3598291D A US3598291D A US 3598291DA US 3598291 A US3598291 A US 3598291A
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Prior art keywords
powder
propellant
container
product container
opening
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Expired - Lifetime
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US811109A
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English (en)
Inventor
Felix Rousselot
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Novartis Corp
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Geigy Chemical Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
    • B05B7/1413—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising a container fixed to the discharge device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant
    • B65D83/60—Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant with contents and propellant separated
    • B65D83/66—Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant with contents and propellant separated initially separated and subsequently mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head

Definitions

  • a propellant intake tube eatenda from aald valve meana into the lower part of said product container and haa at least one opening at the end thereof opening out near the bottom of aid product container.
  • a diacliarge tube extenda from near the bottom of aid product container and out of the product container.
  • a fluidization chamber it provided between raid tubea and powder from the product container it fluidized and in said fluidlzation chamber by flow of propellant therethrough.
  • This invention relates to aerosol-type dispensers for powdered material and having a pushbutton-controlled valve. More specifically the invention relates to a lightweight, manually controlled aerosol dispenser for dispensing powdered material.
  • aerosol dispensers are most commonly used for the spraying of liquids in the form of solutions, emulsions, or even liquid pastes.
  • the devices are also used to spray fine powders in suspension in a liquid medium, but the concentration of such powders in the liquid medium usually does not exceed percent for at a higher concentration the stability of the suspension would be jeopardized and there is a danger that the valve ducts will become clogged.
  • the gas stream which has to pass through the entire height of the stored powder rapidly loses its momentum and can then no longer fluidlze the powder. Furthermore, with certain sticky powders, the gas stream eventually passes only through the channels that it has made in the stored powder and no longer carries any of it away. For this reason, the mixture of gas and powder discharged from such a dispenser often does not have uniform proportions of gas and powder, which is another disadvantage.
  • a tube for the intake of the propellant and the discharge of the propellant and powder mixture which tube is generally U-shaped and is positioned in the powder container so that the curved section of the U is near the bottom of said container.
  • two openings, both oi which are oriented approximately toward the mass of powder above that section of the tube in a manner such that the central axes normal to these openings and to the longitudinal axis of the tube intersect at some distance above the curved section oi" the tube.
  • a crimp is formed in the U-shaped tube, intermediate the two openings.
  • an aerosol-type dispenser for powder which will permit the utilization of a large volume powder container and a liquefied propellant container the capacity of which is more or less the same but where the proportions by weight of the powder, and the propellant gas in the mixture driven toward the outside of the dispenser are much greater than those obtained with the above-described systems of known pushbutton dispensers for powder.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an aerosoltype dispenser for powder in which the aperture for the outlet of the gas and powder mixture is not stopped up by the powder in the course of use, and in which the formation of bridges above the fluidization zone in the powder stored in the powder container is eliminated.
  • the aerosol-type powder dispenser of the present invention has two containers, one for the pressurized liquefied gas serving as the propellant and the other for the powder to be dispensed.
  • the propellant container has a pushbutton valve which controls the flow of the propellant to an intake tube ex tending into the powder to be dispensed and opening out near the bottom of the powder container.
  • a discharge tube is provided for conducting fluidized powder to the outside of the chamber.
  • a fluidlrstion chamber in which the propellant and the powder are mixed is located between the outlet mouth or nozzle of the propellant intake tube and an entrance opening provided for the discharge tube. this chamber being fed with powder from the powder stored in the powder container by gravity.
  • the dispenser according to the invention is characterized in that, in one embodiment, that has a partition separating said fluidisation chamber from the rest of the powder container shove it, this partition being provided with a sufficient number oi holes to admit powder from the container.
  • the tluidization chamber is therefore an enclosed space positioned between the bottom of the powder container and, for example, a perforated plate forming the bottom of the powder storage space.
  • the fluidintion chamber is enclosed. in the portion thereof which is located toward the aforesaid discharge tube, by a preferably funnel-shaped sleeve converging gradually toward and merging with the discharge tube, the wider entrance diameter of which sleeve is at least about five. and preferably l to times larger than the diameter of the outlet mouth or male of the propellant intake tube.
  • the main portion of the jet of propellant leaving the said outlet mouth is directed toward and into said sleeve.
  • Said sleeve cnvelops a portion of the fluidizan'on chamber and is either attached to the entrance opening of the discharge tube or is joined with the discharge tubejpreferably as an integral part thereof.
  • Orientation of the jet of propellant toward the convergent portion of the fluidization chamber can be achieved either by aligning the outlet mouth of the intake tube more or less closely along the central axis of the aforesaid, preferably funnelshaped. converging sleeve. or by so arranging the outlet mouth of the intake tube and the sleeve in relation to the container wall portion in the bottom zone of the powder reservoir that the container wall assists in guiding the jet of propellant through said fluidization chamber toward and into said converging sleeve.
  • the volume ofthe fluidization chamber is a fraction of the volume of the powder container. and is bounded by the bottom of said container.
  • the fluidization chamber comprises a section in open ontact with the powder stock that is followed by a funnel converging toward the inlet aperture of the discharge tube.
  • the dispenser comprises a pushbutton. including a head which. when at rest, closes the outlet end of the d'ucharge tube.
  • This head is equipped with a discharge nonle which communicates with said outlet end only when the dispenser is actuated.
  • the fluldlsstion chamber which has as small a volume as is possible, makes it possible for the lot of propellant gas emerging from the outlet mouth or nozzle of the propellant intake tube to expand gradually into a gas stream which travels I distance roqulred to obtain a regular mlsture ofgss and powder.
  • This powder-csrrylng stream is then forced into the discharge tube. at the end of said chamber. at the same rate that it is formed.
  • Tlrh compact arrangement affords the advantage of Instantly provldlng a powder mlst as soon as the pushhutton ls depressed. and of making optimum use of the kinetic energy of the propellant gas. losses of pressure belng kept to a minimum.
  • the area of contact between tho s'torod powder and thls fluldlsation chamberls such that the feed of the powder ls steady and almost Independent of the quantity of the powder which is stored.
  • the lluldlration chamber thereby constitutes an autonomous device which. when the dispenser is actuated. operates independently.
  • a llquctled gas ressrvolr having a normal capacity for a commercial aerosol dlspensor. that is. equal toor loss than 300 ml.. and a powder container spproslrnatsly l0 times larger. It Is preferred that the volume of tho lluldlastlon spsca be less than one-third of the volume of the powder contalnsr.
  • the average travel of the gas stream through the fluldlsatlon chamber should be between l and 8 cm.. and the average cross section of this stream should be between I and 20 cm.'.
  • the svsrsgs arcs of contact between the powder stock and the fluldlsstlon space should be between 2 and cm.'.
  • FIG. I is a schematic elevational view, partly in section. of one embodiment of the powder-dispensing device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional elevational view of another embodiment of the powder-dispensing device with the parts shown in the nondispensing positions;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line Ill-Ill of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional elevational view similar to FIG. 2 showing the parts of the device in dispensing positions;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial sectional elevational view of another cmbodirnent of the fluidization chamber which can be used in the dispenser of FIGS. 2-4;
  • HO. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment with two adjacent containers
  • FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line VII-VII of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. I is an axial sectional view of an embodiment of the upper portion of the dispenser.
  • the powder dispenser comprises a propellant container l for liquefied propellant gas C and a powder container 2 for powder B.
  • the liquefied propellant gas container l is connected to powder container 2 by a fitting 3.
  • Liquefied propellant gas container has thereon a conventional type of valve which permits, upon actuation of a push button 4. How of a stream of propellant gas into a propellant intake tube 5.
  • Powder container 2 has an upper chamber 6. in which a powder B Is placed. and a fluidlzstlon chamber A. Chambers 6 and A are separated from one another by a perforated plate 8 having openings 9 therein. Powder 8 gradually flows under the effect of grsvlty. from chamber 6 Into fluldlzatlon chamber A through openings 9.
  • Propcllant intake tube passes through upper chamber 6 and perforated plate 8 through one of the openlngs 9 and at the end thereof has a mouth or nozzle to opening into tluldlzstlon chamber A.
  • the upper chamber 6 and perforated plate I are also traversedby a discharge tube ll having an lnlcr l2 lnside lluldlsstlon chamber A and an outlet in the form ofs mouth or ojectlon norslo l3 outside of powder contalncr 2.
  • Pressing of pushbutton 4 sets In motion a flow of pressurised propellant gas which Is conveyed through lntalre tube 5 lnro fluldiratlon chamber A. where lt expands greatly. fluidizlng the powder In its path. This mixture of gas and powder. the pressure of which is hlghsr than the atmospheric pressure outside the dlspensar. ls propelled toward inlet 11 of the dlschargo tubs ll. into which it is forced and from which it emerges through election nozzle I! in the form of a mist.
  • the qusntltlos of powder dispensed are progrcsslvely replaced by a fresh supply flowing from the body of powder B through openings 9 ln perforated plate 5 by gravity.
  • the flow should preferably not exceed 0.01 mole/second, because the cooling of the reservoir caused by quick evaporation of the liquefied gas results in a rapid decrease of the flow rate.
  • This flow rate advantageously ranges between 0.01 and 0.001 mole and is preferably 0.005. With dichlorodifluoromethane, for example, these limits correspond to 1.2 and 0.12 g./sec., respectively.
  • the particle size of the powders to be dispensed can vary within wide limits, depending on the uses to which the powder is to be put. Preferably; the largest dimension of the powder particles is less than 0.15 mm.
  • this present embodiment of the invention pennits significantly increasing the size of powder container 2, to a capacity of up to 3 liters. Such an arrangement makes it possible to spray larger quantities of powder without expenditure of any more liquefied gas than is used in conventional aerosol-type dispensers.
  • the volume of the fluidization chamber must be less than one-third of the volume of container 2.
  • the distance d of the average travel of the stream between the outlet nozzle 10 of the propellant intake tube 5 and the inlet aperture 12 of the discharge tube 1 1 must range between I and 8 cm.
  • the total crosssectional area of the openings 9 in perforated plate 8 must range between 2 and 30 cm.'.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the pushbutton aerosol dispenser according to the invention.
  • a container for liquefied gas C is positioned inside a container 16 for powder B.
  • a fiuidization space A At the bottom of powder container 16 is a fiuidization space A.
  • the container 16 has a cap 17 having depending from the center thereof a body 18 to which is attached a liquefied propellant gas reservoir 15 having inside it a valve to which a discharge nozzle 19 is attached.
  • the valve is actuated by a pushbutton 20 which is movable downwardly against the discharge nozzle 19 through an opening in thecap.
  • Pushbutton 20 comprises a head 21 and a depending shaft 22 having a recess 22a in which the hollow end of discharge nozzle 19 is engaged.
  • a groove 23 is provided in shaft 22 and extending along the bottom and side of recess 22a and opening into body 18.
  • the shaft 22 slides in the opening 25.
  • a gasket 26 is inserted between the cap 17 and body 18, so that central cavity 24 in body 18 is sealed off from the outside.
  • the shaft 22 preferably has an oval or polygonal cross section and opening 25 has a complementary shape in order to prevent shaft 22 from turning around its axis and to keep it oriented in one direction.
  • Pushbutton 20 has an ejection nozzle 27 extending transversely thereof which is slightly inclined, to the horizontal.
  • the nozzle 27 has a large aperture which opens at the periphery of head 21 and a small aperture at the outer periphery of shaft 22.
  • Fluidization space A lies along the bottom of the powder container 16 and between a calibrated outlet mouth 28 of a horizontal portion 35 of a propellant gas intake tube 29 and an angularly disposed funnel 30 which converges toward intake 31 of a discharge tube 32.
  • the inlet end of propellant gas intake tube 29 is positioned in a recess in body 18, which recess communicates with the central cavity 24 of the body.
  • the discharge tube 32 has the outlet end mounted in a recess in cap 17 which opens through a duct 33 into the opening 25 in the cap 17.
  • Duct 33 is located in the axial plane containing the ejection nozzle 27 in the pushbutton 20.
  • the two tubes 29 and 32 are kept a suitable distance apart by a bracket 34 resting on the bottom of powder container 16. Bracket 34 has a flange 34a thereon in which portion 35 of intake tube 29 is held.
  • the gas flows into cavity 24 in body 18 along groove 23, flows through propellant intake tube 29 and emerges in the form of a jet through calibrated outlet mouth 28. While expanding, this pressurized jet advances toward funnel 30, mixes with the powder which it encounters, and is then expelled through discharge tube 32, duct 33 and ejection nozzle 27 in pushbutton 20, carrying with it the powder with which it has mixed.
  • a fluidization chamber is actually formed in the space A within which the gas stream travels from its entry point to its exit point, which points are a distance d apart.
  • the amounts of powder fluidized are gradually replaced by the layers of powder which are around the upper periphery thereof, these layers moving downward under the influence of gravity.
  • the liquefied gases that can be used are the same as those contemplated for the first embodiment. The same applies to the rates of flow from this reservoir 15 and to the size of the powder particles.
  • the second embodiment is a compact device, easy to carry and to handle.
  • the outside container 16 can have a capacity that may range up to 3 liters.
  • a liquefied gas reservoir 15 of normal capacity of 300 ml. larger quantifies of powder can be dispensed in an economical manner that with devices of the known type having an identical amount of liquefied gas.
  • the outlet aperture of discharge tube 32 is closed during transportation and storage, so that loss of powder is eliminated.
  • the dispenser according to this second embodiment permits an even entrainment of the powder in the form of a mixture of gas and powder containing 1 between 75 and percent of powder.
  • FIG. 5 shows only the fluidization space A of another embodiment of the powder dispenser, the upper part of the dispenser being identical with the embodiment of FIGS. 2-4.
  • This embodiment differs from that of FIGS. 2-4 in that the axes of portion 35 of propellant intake tube 29 and of funnel 304 are parallel to the bottom of powder container [6 and in that portion 35 has a diverging branch 36 with a second outlet opening in the end thereof. This branch is oriented obliquely toward the layer of powder above fluidization space A. As before, intake tube 29 and the discharge tube are kept spaced apart by a bracket 340.
  • This third embodiment operates in the same way as the embodiment of FIGS. 2-4. It is especially advantageous for the dispensing of sticky powders such as talcum, which are sprayed just as effectively as are less sticky powders.
  • the powder container 16 has a slightly smaller capacity in relation to that of propellant container 15 on account of the diversion of some gas through the additional aperture in branch 36.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7. A fourth embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • This embodiment of the powder dispenser according to the invention comprises a container 40 for liquefied gas C and a separate container 4l for powder 8. These two containers are positioned coaxially and are capable of a slight relative axial shifting movement allowed by connecting components (such as slides which are not shown).
  • Propellant container 40 has an axial outlet valve 40a with a spray head 42 which is slidable in relation to the valve body.
  • Spray head 42 is fitted tightly in an axial nozzle 46 in the bottom 45 of powder container 41.
  • An axially disposed discharge tube 43 extends upwardly from the bottom 45 and has a funnel 44 on the lower end thereof. Slanting supporting legs 47 extending from the lower rim of funnel 44 to the bottom 45 and spaced outwardly from nozzle 46 support the discharge tube 43.
  • discharge tube 43 At its other end, discharge tube 43 extends outside the powder container 41 and has an ejection nozzle 48 thereon.
  • the fluidization space A is located between male 46 and funnel 44, and powder is fed into it by gravity, this feed being made possible by the open spaces between supporting legs 47.
  • spray head 42 shifts position, which releases a stream of gas that emerges through nozzle 46 and brings about a fluidization in space A.
  • the mixture of gas and powder is then formed into discharge tube 43, from which it emerges through eiection nozzle 48.
  • This fourth embodiment operates the same way as the two preceding embodiments.
  • the length of supporting legs 47 is such as to provide the above-described spacing between the nozzle 46 and funnel 44.
  • FIG. 8 shows a modified arrangement for controlling release of propellant into the dispensing device described in FIGS. 2-4.
  • Cap 50 on the top of powder container 16 has a dependent portion 51 for carrying the liquefied gas container 15, and an elastic membrane 51a, integral with depending portion 51 is placed between the end of discharge noule l9 and the end of shaft 22 of pushbutton 20.
  • the hollow end of the discharge nonle 19 has a slot 52 therein through which a stream of propellant gas can flow.
  • Shah 22 of pushbutton 20 has an oval or polygonal projection 53 on the end thereof which fits into a seat 54 of similar shape provided in elastic membrane 51a, so that pushbutton 20 is free to move only axially of shaft 22.
  • This sealing arrangement has the advantage that it permits simplifying the manufacture of the dispenser according to the invention, since cap 50 serves at the same time as a holder for liquefied gas container and has membrane 510 which is formed at the time of molding. No separate seal, such as gasket 26 in FIGS. 2-4 need be provided thus reducing manufacturing and assembly costs.
  • Example VIII-Powder for drycleaning grease stains on clothing, chairs, draperies and wallpaper Absorbent synthetic allies I00
  • the pushbutton powder dispenser according to the invention permits distributing on any surface any finely ground active substance, with or without a filler, that is normally found in the solid state.
  • these substances classified according to use, the following may be cited:
  • An aerosol-type dispenser for dispensing a powdered material, said dispenser comprising a propellant container, valve means operatively associated with said propellant container for controlling release of propellant from said propellant container, a product container for containing the powdered material to be dispensed, a propellant intake tube extending from said valve means into the lower part of said product container and having at least one opening at the end thereof opening out near the bottom of said product containe'r, a discharge tube extending from near the bottom of said product container and out of the product container, a sleevelike member converging into the intake end of said discharge tube in the bottom of said product container and having a wide end facing toward the end of said propellant intake tube and being at least about five times the diameter of the one opening at the end of said propellant intake tube, said one opening at the end of the propellant intake tube being directed toward said sleevelike member opening, the space between the opening at the end of the propellant intake tube and the sleevelike member constituting a fluidization chamber
  • a dispenser as claimed in claim 1 in which the axis of said sleevelike member is angled downwardly toward the bottom and the center of said product container.

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US811109A 1968-03-29 1969-03-27 Aerosol-type dispenser for dispensing a powdered material Expired - Lifetime US3598291A (en)

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US (1) US3598291A (forum.php)
BE (1) BE730398A (forum.php)
DE (1) DE1916170A1 (forum.php)
FR (1) FR1585898A (forum.php)
IL (1) IL31874A0 (forum.php)
LU (1) LU58302A1 (forum.php)
NL (1) NL6904886A (forum.php)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2702519A1 (de) * 1976-10-22 1978-04-27 Masaya Koyama Spraydose
WO2003092528A1 (fr) * 2002-04-29 2003-11-13 Oleg Anatolievich Buglaev Dispositif de distribution de liquide depuis une bouteille vers un embout dentaire

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0083614A1 (en) * 1981-07-22 1983-07-20 Impact Techniques (Ironville) Limited Apparatus for propelling abrasive medium
US5181349A (en) * 1991-09-19 1993-01-26 Sandair Nevada, Inc. Self-powered unitary portable granular particle ejector tool

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1262165A (en) * 1916-02-14 1918-04-09 Oliver J Bickmore Single-use powder-box.
US1422253A (en) * 1919-08-22 1922-07-11 Brown Colin Powder distributor
US2202079A (en) * 1939-03-13 1940-05-28 Ayres Waldemar Dispenser
US2973885A (en) * 1960-04-11 1961-03-07 Staley Mfg Co A E Pressurizable dispenser
US3338479A (en) * 1966-04-04 1967-08-29 Leonard L Marraffino Mixing head with secondary fluid adapted for connection with discharge means of primary fluid container
US3425600A (en) * 1966-08-11 1969-02-04 Abplanalp Robert H Pressurized powder dispensing device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1262165A (en) * 1916-02-14 1918-04-09 Oliver J Bickmore Single-use powder-box.
US1422253A (en) * 1919-08-22 1922-07-11 Brown Colin Powder distributor
US2202079A (en) * 1939-03-13 1940-05-28 Ayres Waldemar Dispenser
US2973885A (en) * 1960-04-11 1961-03-07 Staley Mfg Co A E Pressurizable dispenser
US3338479A (en) * 1966-04-04 1967-08-29 Leonard L Marraffino Mixing head with secondary fluid adapted for connection with discharge means of primary fluid container
US3425600A (en) * 1966-08-11 1969-02-04 Abplanalp Robert H Pressurized powder dispensing device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2702519A1 (de) * 1976-10-22 1978-04-27 Masaya Koyama Spraydose
WO2003092528A1 (fr) * 2002-04-29 2003-11-13 Oleg Anatolievich Buglaev Dispositif de distribution de liquide depuis une bouteille vers un embout dentaire

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DE1916170A1 (de) 1969-10-23
LU58302A1 (forum.php) 1970-09-28
NL6904886A (forum.php) 1969-10-01
BE730398A (forum.php) 1969-09-25
IL31874A0 (en) 1969-05-28
FR1585898A (forum.php) 1970-02-06

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