US3598153A - Mass flow rate equalizer usable for exhaust or supply openings of a duct - Google Patents

Mass flow rate equalizer usable for exhaust or supply openings of a duct Download PDF

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Publication number
US3598153A
US3598153A US845189A US84518969A US3598153A US 3598153 A US3598153 A US 3598153A US 845189 A US845189 A US 845189A US 84518969 A US84518969 A US 84518969A US 3598153 A US3598153 A US 3598153A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
duct
flow
flow guide
slits
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US845189A
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English (en)
Inventor
Taro Hayashi
Aritsune Moriyama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanko Air Plant Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanko Air Plant Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP4116769A external-priority patent/JPS502536B1/ja
Application filed by Sanko Air Plant Ltd filed Critical Sanko Air Plant Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3598153A publication Critical patent/US3598153A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/08—Influencing flow of fluids of jets leaving an orifice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved mass flow rate equalizer usable for exhaust or supply openings of a duct, more particularly to an improved mass flow rate equalizer having, in combination with an inside wall of the duct at least one effective flow-passable opening decreasing in its extent along an advancing direction of the flow processed therethrough.
  • Another group of the flowing system includes one or more flow resistants disposed in the duct across the supply opening. Although this system can present an appreciable mass flow rate equalizing effect, it is inevitably accompanied with considerable pressure loss.
  • the supply opening of the duct is divided into several divisions by suitable flow-rectifying elements disposed in the duct and each division is provided with the above-described inclined rear wall structure or flow-resisting means.
  • a main duct is provided with a plurality of branch ducts of similar diameter arranged in order along the'length of the main duct and the branch ducts are provided with respective flow resistants having different flow resistance.
  • the branch ducts are connected to a single supply opening. Because of the presence of the flow resistants, this system also requires a great deal of power loss for activating the flow currency.
  • a modification ofthis attempt includes a main duct having a plurality of branch ducts of different diameters arranged in order along the length of the main duct with elimination of the flow resistant.
  • This system is also accompanied with the drawback the same being with that possessed by the system of the fourth group although slightly mitigated because of the absence of the flow resistant.
  • the fifth group of the flow system includes an attachment longitudinally disposed in the duct in the vicinity of the supply opening and the wall of the attachment is provided with a plurality of perforations of a different cross-sectional area. In this case, it is difficult to obtain a continuous mass flow rate distribution along the longitudinal direction of the main duct.
  • a principal object of the present invention is to provide an improved mass flow rate equalizer which can eliminate all the drawbacks possessed by the conventional flow-equalizing system ofa duct.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a mass flow rate equalizer of simple structure which can bring about an efficient and desirable equalization of flow passing through supply or exhaust openings ofa duct.
  • the mass flow rate equalizer of the present invention comprises one or more flow guide vanes.
  • the flow guide vane is disposed within the duct in the vicinity of the opening in an inclined relationship with respect to the advancing direction of the flow.
  • the flow guide vane is provided with at least one cutoff of a particular profile and the extent of the flow-passable opening formed by the cutoff of the flow guide vane substantially decreases gradually along the advancing direction of the flow processed therethrough.
  • the particular profile of the cutoff plays an important role in the equalization of the mass flow rate and the particular profile is formed by a particularly designed curvature of the side edges of the flow guide vane.
  • provision of such a particularly designed curvature to the vane side edges requires a highly skilled, difficult and complex technique in its design, calculation and actual manufacturing.
  • a flow guide vane having straight side edges for defining the cutoff can be employed as a substitute.
  • This modified flow guide vane may further be provided with one or more perforations formed therethrough into a lateral direction thereof.
  • the flow guide vanes of the above-described types can be installed within the duct in the vicinity of the supply or exhaust opening in a mutually three-dimensional relationship, that is in a cubic arrangement.
  • each section can be provided with such flow guide vanes of a cubic arrangement.
  • a further modification of the mass flow rate equalizer of the present invention is given in the form of a flow guide cylinder disposed longitudinally within the main duct adjacent to the supply or exhaust openings.
  • the effective inside diameter of the cylinder changes gradually along the advancing direction of the flow and the cylinder is provided with a plurality of peripheral perforations formed in order along the longitudinal direction of the cylinder. Effective cross-sectional area of the perforations decreases one by one along the advancing direction of the flow. Because of the combination of the change in the cylinders diameter with decrease in the perforations cross-sectional area along the advancing direction of the flow, discontinuous effect given by the latter can be compensated by continuous effect given by the former.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C are perspective views of several embodiments of the flow guide vane of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partly sectional side view of a supply opening of a duct with disposition of the flow guide vane of the present invention
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C are sectional plan views, with omission of overhead slits, of the supply opening of the duct with disposition of the flow guide vanes shown in FIGS. 1A to IC, respectively,
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are perspective views of several modified embodiments of the flow guide vane shown in FIG. 18,
  • FIG. Si is a partly sectional side view ofa supply opening of a duct with disposition of the flow guide vane shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are sectional plan views. with omission of overhead slits, of the supply opening of the duct with disposition of the flow guide vanes shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B according to the present invention
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory side and plan views of a supply opening'terminal of a circular slit type for distributing the flow into the surroundings and provided with the flow guide vanes of the present invention
  • FIGS. 8A to SF are explanatory plan views of various types of the opening terminal of the duct having the flow guide vane or vanes of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9A is a partly sectional side view of a flow guide cylinder disposed in a supply opening of the duct according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9B is a cross section taken along a line 9B9B in FIG. 9A,
  • FIG. is a cross-sectional representation of a modified embodiment of the flow guide cylinder shown in FIGS. 9A and 98.
  • FIGS. 1A to IC several embodiments of a flow guide vane of the present invention are shown.
  • the flow guide vane 1 of the present invention is provided with a middle cutoff 2 defined by convexly curved edges 3 whereas, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1B, the flow guide vane 1 is provided with two side cutoffs 6 and 7 defined by the convexly curved edges 3.
  • the flow guide vane 1 may be provided with one side cutoff 8 defined by one convexly curved edge 3 as shown in FIG. 1C.
  • the flow guide vane l is provided with convexly curved side edge or edges in the above-described embodiment, the convex curvature may be replaced by a concave curvature in accordance with the requirements for practical use.
  • the flow guide vane of the present invention In the vicinity of slits 9 of a supply opening 11, the flow guide vane l of the present invention is disposed in an inclined relationship with respect to an advancing direction of the flow to be processed.
  • the flow supplied from a given supply source through a duct 12 is conducted toward the slits 9 passing through an opening or openings defined by the flow guide vane 1 and the inside walls of the supply opening 11 of the duct 12 as shown with arrows in the drawing. Passing through the slits 9, the flow is supplied into the surroundings for which the supply opening 11 of the duct 12 is directed.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C Relation between the advancing direction of the processed flow and the disposition of the flow guide vane I is shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C.
  • the flow guide vane 1 shown in FIG. 1A is disposed in the supply opening 11 of the duct 12 in such a manner that the extent of the total flowpassable opening 13 defined by the side edges 3 and 4 of the flow guide vane 1 decrease along the advancing direction of the flow designated by an arrow 14 in the drawing.
  • the flow guide vane 1 shown in FIG. 1B is used and the extent of the total flow-passable opening 13 defined by the side edges 3 and 4 of the flow guide vane l and the inside walls of the duct 12 decreases in a same way. This is also the same in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3C, wherein the flow guide vane 1 shown in FIG. 1C is adopted.
  • the most effective mass-flow-rate-equalizing effect can be acquired with minimum pressure and power loss due to minimum flow resistance thereof.
  • FIG. 4B Still another modified embodiment of the flow guide vane of this type is shown in FIG. 4B, wherein the flow guide vane 16 is provided with a plurality of lateral perforations 18. Because of the presence of such lateral perforations 18, loss in the functional advantage caused by substitution of the curved edges by the straight edges can be compensated to an appreciable extent. In case this technique is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, the cured edges 3 should be substituted by straight edges.
  • FIGS. 5, 6A and 68 Disposition of the flow guide vane 16 of the abovedescribed types is shown in FIGS. 5, 6A and 68, wherein the flow guide vane 16 disposed at the rear of the slit 9 of the supply opening 11 of the duct 12 in a manner the same as that shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C and the flow advances as shown with the arrow 14. So, in case the flow guide vane 16 is to disposed to an exhaust opening, it should be disposed in a reverse manner as already described. Further, when it is necessary or more advantageous, the flow guide vane 16 of this type may also be disposed with adequate inclination to the advancing direction of the processed flow as in the case shown in FIG. 2.
  • the supply or exhaust opening of the flow duct sometime hangs down from the ceiling of the room and, in this case, the opening terminal of the duct is provided with a plurality of slits encircling a central longitudinal line of the duct with a spaced relationship.
  • This opening terminal of the duct may be usually divided into several sections by a plu rality of partitions radially extending from a central support.
  • the flow guide vane of the present invention can also be applied to the opening terminal of the type with a favorable mass-flow-rate-equalizing effect.
  • the flow guide vane of the type shown in FIG. 1A is employed in a supply opening terminal of the abovedescribed type, the flow guide vane should be disposed therein in such a manner that the total area of the flowpassable opening will decrease gradually along the advancing direction of the processed flow.
  • FIGS. 7A and 78 an example of the disposition of the flow guide vane shown in FIG. 1A to a supply opening terminal of the above-described type is shown.
  • the supply opening 11 is divided into six sections by six partitions l9 radially extending from a central longitudinal support 21 to a peripheral wall of the supply opening 11.
  • Each section is provided with one or more slits 9 formed through the peripheral wall thereof and for passing the processed flow.
  • the flow guide vane 1 shown in FIG. 1A is disposed in each section with a given inclination with respect to the advancing direction of the processed flow designated with an arrow 22 as shown in FIG. 7A in such a manner that the total area of the flow-passable opening 13 (see FIG.
  • FIGS. 8A to SF various types of opening terminals of ducts provided with the flow guide vane or vanes of the present invention are shown.
  • the flow guide vanes are shaded for the purpose of clear understanding.
  • the mass flow rate equalizers are all given in the form of a vane, a cylindrical-type flow guide member can also be adopted as the mass flow rate equalizer of the present invention.
  • a flow guide cylinder 23 is disposed longitudinally within the main duct 12 in the vicinity of a supply opening 11 and the effective inside diameter of the cylinder converges gradually toward the terminating end 12a of the main duct 12.
  • the flow guide cylinder 23 is provided with a plurality of peripheral perforations 26 formed in order along the longitudinal direction thereof directing towards the slits 9 of the supply opening 11. Effective cross-sectional areas of the perforations decrease one by one along the advancing direction of the processed flow. For example, with the perforations disposed as shown in FIG. 9A, the direction of airflow would be as indicated by arrow 24.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B A modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B is shown in FIG. 10, wherein the opening terminal 11 of a duct is provided with a quadrant cross section. Accordingly, the flow guide member is also provided with a quadrant cross section.
  • the dimension of the lateral perforations is decided in a manner already explained. In the selection of the lateral perforations profile, not only circular but also any kind of profile can be adopted so far as the effective cross-sectional area thereof decreases one by one along the advancing direction of the processed flow.
  • a duct having exhaust and intake openings, means defining a plurality of slits in one side portion of said duct at one of aid openings, and flow-equalizing means disposed within said duct at said one opening, an improvement wherein said equalizing means comprises a first flow guide vane disposed adjacent said slits at one end of said one opening nearest the other opening and extending angularly and longitudinally away from said slits toward an end of said opening opposed to said one end, said vane having tapered edge means along its angular extent for providing a flow passage of decreasing cross section in the direction of an advance of flow through said duct.
  • a duct having exhaust and intake openings, means defining a plurality of slits in said duct at one of said openings, and flow-rate-equalizing means disposed within said duct at said one opening, an improvement wherein said equalizing means comprises flow guide means having sidewalls defining a hollow central portion which increases in cross-sectional area in a direction along said duct toward the other of said openings, and defining a plurality of perforations directed toward said one opening and having decreased cross-sectional areas in the direction ofan advance of flow through said duct.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Sliding Valves (AREA)
US845189A 1968-11-30 1969-07-28 Mass flow rate equalizer usable for exhaust or supply openings of a duct Expired - Lifetime US3598153A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10506268 1968-11-30
JP8817468 1968-11-30
JP4116769A JPS502536B1 (xx) 1969-05-27 1969-05-27
JP4116669 1969-05-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3598153A true US3598153A (en) 1971-08-10

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US845189A Expired - Lifetime US3598153A (en) 1968-11-30 1969-07-28 Mass flow rate equalizer usable for exhaust or supply openings of a duct

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3598153A (xx)
BE (1) BE737434A (xx)
CH (1) CH512676A (xx)
DE (1) DE1946667C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2024607A1 (xx)
GB (2) GB1266918A (xx)
SE (1) SE355398B (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4315456A (en) * 1979-12-05 1982-02-16 Sanko Air Plant, Ltd. Air-curtaining apparatus for fire protection
US4412479A (en) * 1980-05-08 1983-11-01 Estel Hoogovens B.V. Gas flow arrangement
EP0311934A2 (de) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-19 Heinrich Nickel Gmbh Quell-Luftauslass für Lüftungs- und Klimatisierungszwecke

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4267884A (en) * 1978-03-29 1981-05-19 Gary Fred J Heat recovery device for use in return air duct of forced air furnace for recovering heat from the flue of such furnace
GB8626601D0 (en) * 1986-11-07 1986-12-10 Pa Consulting Services Testing apparatus
DE3810482A1 (de) * 1988-03-26 1989-10-05 Krantz H Gmbh & Co Luftauslass zur erzeugung einer turbulenzarmen verdraengungsstroemung
CN106016649A (zh) * 2016-07-15 2016-10-12 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 一种空调换热器送风装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1377970A (en) * 1920-05-14 1921-05-10 Thomas S Richard Gas-pressure-reducing device
US3286992A (en) * 1965-11-29 1966-11-22 Little Inc A Mixing device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1377970A (en) * 1920-05-14 1921-05-10 Thomas S Richard Gas-pressure-reducing device
US3286992A (en) * 1965-11-29 1966-11-22 Little Inc A Mixing device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4315456A (en) * 1979-12-05 1982-02-16 Sanko Air Plant, Ltd. Air-curtaining apparatus for fire protection
US4412479A (en) * 1980-05-08 1983-11-01 Estel Hoogovens B.V. Gas flow arrangement
EP0311934A2 (de) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-19 Heinrich Nickel Gmbh Quell-Luftauslass für Lüftungs- und Klimatisierungszwecke
EP0311934A3 (en) * 1987-10-13 1990-08-08 Heinrich Nickel Gmbh Air exit for ventilation and air-conditioning purposes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH512676A (de) 1971-09-15
FR2024607A1 (xx) 1970-08-28
GB1266918A (xx) 1972-03-15
DE1946667C3 (de) 1974-02-14
DE1946667B2 (de) 1973-07-12
DE1946667A1 (de) 1970-12-03
GB1266917A (xx) 1972-03-15
BE737434A (xx) 1970-01-16
SE355398B (xx) 1973-04-16

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