US3597315A - Vertical twin-wire paper machine - Google Patents

Vertical twin-wire paper machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3597315A
US3597315A US771888A US3597315DA US3597315A US 3597315 A US3597315 A US 3597315A US 771888 A US771888 A US 771888A US 3597315D A US3597315D A US 3597315DA US 3597315 A US3597315 A US 3597315A
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Prior art keywords
wires
forming zone
stock
wire
forming
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Expired - Lifetime
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US771888A
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English (en)
Inventor
Willard C Notbohm
Paul M Schaffrath
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Black Clawson Co
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Black Clawson Co
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Assigned to WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC. reassignment WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BLACK CLAWSON COMPANY, THE
Assigned to BLACK CLAWSON COMPANY, THE reassignment BLACK CLAWSON COMPANY, THE RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HELLER FINANCIAL, INC. F/K/A/ WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY INC.
Assigned to CHEMICAL BANK, AS AGENT reassignment CHEMICAL BANK, AS AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BLACK CLAWSON COMPANY, THE, HYDROTILE MACHINERY COMPANY
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F9/003—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the twin-wire type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
    • Y10S162/07—Water collectors, e.g. save-alls

Definitions

  • VERTICAL TWINWIRE PAPER MACHINE Filed Oct. 30, 1968 uznm JOmFZOQ //V VE/V TOR WILLARD C. NOTBOHM ATTOR/VE)? United States Patent 3,597,315 VERTICAL TWllN-WIRE PAPER MAQHTNE Willard 6. Notbohm and Paul M. Schairrath, Watertown, N.Y., assignors to The Black Clawson Company,
  • the invention relates generally to papermaking machines of the type shown in the above applications and in Baxter Pat. No. Re. 25,333 and Baxter et al. Pat. No. 3,215,594.
  • Such paper machines may be characterized generally as incorporating a pair of endless forming wires arranged to wrap a corresponding pair of horizontally spaced abreast rolls in such manner as to provide a pair of opposed reaches which travel downwardly from the breast rolls in closely spaced converging relation to create a zone wherein the paper sheet is formed.
  • Guidance of the wires along the forming zone is effected by multiple deflectors which support the traveling wires in the desired converging relation while skimming from their surfaces the liquid which is extruded therethrough from the forming zone as the fibers remaining therein are compacted in felted relation to form the paper sheet.
  • the present invention is concerned with the provision of a vertical paper machine wherein the forming wires run upwardly in defining the forming zone and which is Patented Aug. 3, 1971 capable of affording the significant advantages of vertical paper machines of the type outlined above along with additional advantages by reason of its upwardly directed forming zone.
  • the invention has the further objective of accomplishing the result without the requirement of edge seals and other special equipment not necessary with vertical paper machines wherein the forming zone extends downwardly.
  • the invention lies in part in a two-wire paper machine wherein the forming zone extends vertically between two upwardly traveling converging reaches of the two wires, and wherein the velocity with which the stock is introduced into the forming zone is so controlled with relation to the speed of the forming wires that substantially all the free water in the stock is extruded through the wires and has minimum tendency to flow laterally of the wires within the forming zone.
  • the invention further lies in delivering the stock into the forming zone at a discharge velocity which is sufiiciently higher than the speed of the wires that even though the free water in the stock is continually subject to the decelerating action of gravity, an upward pressure head will continue to be effective thereon until it has been extruded through one of the wires from the interior of the forming zone.
  • the invention may be explained more readily by comparison with a vertical paper machine operating downwardly as in the above patents and applications.
  • a vertical paper machine operating downwardly as in the above patents and applications.
  • the stock is delivered to the forming zone with an initial downward velocity which is subject to the accelerating action of gravity.
  • the length of the forming zone in the direction of wire travel in such a machine is so short, namely less than 48 inches in a commercial size machine, that if the wire speeds and stock velocity are relatively closely matched, formation of the sheet by dewatering through the wires will take place before there is any significant lateral flow of liquid in the forming zone.
  • the forming action is visualized as commencing with the deposition of fibers on the inner surface of each wire from the essentially liquid suspension which fills the larger end of the forming zone, there is a progressive increase in the thickness of deposited fiber while the relatively liquid core in the center of the forming zone progressively decreases until it disappears as the deposited layers of fiber merge with each other at the small end of the forming zone.
  • This forming action is a function both of the pressure exerted on the stock by the converging wires, and also of the accelerating action of gravity on the liquid component of the stock, which acts as a pressure head aiding in the extrusion of liquid through the wires as the converging wire reaches restrain the gravitational acceleration of the liquid.
  • the forming zone is at all times filled with stock from its lowermost level where the Wires are closest together up to the level at which the stock jet is in contact with both wires.
  • the velocity of the stock is therefore essentially the same as wire speed throughout the forming zone, and any excess stock velocity derived from the accelerating effect of gravity and its discharge velocity will be converted into a downward pressure head providing kinetic energy which combines with the converging wires to force liquid through the wires and thereby to cause formation of the sheet.
  • the present invention recognizes that the same conditions outlined in the preceding paragraph also apply to a vertical paper machine wherein the wires travel upwardly in defining the forming zone, and wherein gravity will therefore have a decelerating effect which must be taken into account.
  • the stock is supplied into the upwardly extending forming zone at a discharge velocity which is sufiiciently greater than wire speed to assure conversion into an upward pressure head which will be effective so long as there is any free water within the forming zone.
  • the relative speeds of the stock and the wires should be such as to provide an excess velocity component for the stock which will convert to an upward pressure head effective so long as there is an essentially liquid core in the forming zone. Under these conditions, just as in the downwardly operating machine, the upward pressure head will cooperate with the converging Wires in effecting extrusion of the free liquid through both wires.
  • a vertical paper machine constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention outlined above is capable of operation over at least as wide a range of wire speeds as a downwardly operating vertical paper machine, especially at the lower end of the speed range, and it also offers other practical advantages.
  • the two wires are arranged to diverge above the forming zone, the single wire carrying the sheet is readily directed into a horizontal or downwardly inclined run with the sheet on its upper surface for pickup and transfer to a press section by any of the pickup arrangements commonly used with conventional Fourdrinier machines.
  • a vertical forming section in accordance with the invention may be even more compact and require even less space than a downwardly operating paper machine, with attendant economies of both initial construction and maintenance, and by reason of the opposed force of gravity, it offers the possibility of different modes of operation.
  • the single view is a side elevation illustrating diagrammatically one form of downwardly operating paper machine constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • the figure shows the general construction of a vertical paper machine including a pair of breast rolls 11 and 12 supported in horizontally spaced relation to define a mouth or gap 13 therebetween, and a pair of couch rolls 14 and 15 are mounted above the breast rolls 11 and 12 A pair of forming webs or wires 16 and 17 are looped around the respective pairs of breast and couch rolls 11- 14 and 12-15, the term wires being used generically as including foraminous forming webs of any suitable material.
  • the couch rolls 14 and 15 are provided with suitable drive means (not shown) to cause the wires to travel upwardly from the breast rolls 11-12 at regulated speeds toward and around the couch rolls 14 and 15.
  • the reaches of the wires 16 and 17 directly above the breast rolls 11 and 12 are guided so that they converge upwardly to define therebetween a forming zone 20 of generally triangular section open at its larger end to the gap 13 between the breast rolls to receive stock from headbox 25, which is represented diagrammatically and is preferably of the construction shown in the above Notbohm et a1.
  • the remainder of the loop of each of the forming wires 16 and 17 is provided with suitable guide rolls 26 and 27.
  • a suction box 30 is mounted below the right-hand couch roll 15 for loosening the newly formed paper web from the wire 16 and causing it to adhere to the wire 17 as the latter wraps the couch roll 15, which is shown as a suction roll, and travels away from the wire 16 to the pickup roll 31 by which it is transferred to the pickup felt 33.
  • deflectors 40 which engage the inner surfaces of these wires in supporting relation.
  • These deflectors 40 are advantageously of the adjustable construction shown in the above application Ser. No. 706,514, but in contrast to their arrangement in a downwardly operating vertical paper machine, they are inclined upwardly away from their respective lines of engagement with the forming wires in order to skim off water expressed through the wires and guide this water away from the wires as indi cated by the arrows 41, so that it falls into the interior of the save-alls 42-43 by which the respective sets of deflectors are enclosed.
  • An additional deflector 44 is provided along the lowermost edge of the suction box 30, and this deflector 44 and the uppermost deflector 40 for the other wire cooperate to establish the station of minimum relative spacing of the wires, the wire 16 being guided away from wire 17 above this level by its couch roll 14.
  • the spacing and arrangements of the deflectors 40 and 44 with respect to each other and to the gap 13 between the breast rolls are preferably determined in accordance with the principles described in Notbohm et a1.
  • the stock supply to the headbox 25, represented by the pump 50, motor 51 and motor control 52, is so regulated with relation to the speed of the wires that the initial discharge velocity of the stock toward the forming zone is greater than wire speed and is such that in the absence of the wires, the jet would rise at least as high as the deflector 44, and preferably somewhat higher, before being overcome by gravity.
  • a vertical paper machine constructed in accordance with the invention offers significant advantages in several respects. Not only is it capable of operation at comparatively slow speeds, namely a few hundred feet per minute, but it is extremely compact, as is demonstrated by reference to the drawing on the basis of the above dimension of 32 inches from the headbox nozzle to the deflector 44. Additionally, as shown in the drawing, the sheet is presented on the upper surface of the reach of Wire 17 traveling away from its couch roll 15, so that no special adaptation is necessary for the use of a conventional pickup mechanism.
  • the method of forming a fibrous sheet between a pair of looped forming wires which comprises the steps of continuously advancing said wires upwardly in closely spaced relation defining an upwardly extending forming zone, maintaining said wires in predetermined spaced relation at the lower end of said forming zone to define a mouth thereto of predetermined maximum width, continuously guiding said wires upwardly in maintained converging relation from said mouth toward a station of predetermined minimum relative spacing, continuously discharging in an upward direction into said zone through said mouth a jet of fiber-containing stock, maintaining the discharge velocity of said jet sutficiently higher than the speed of said Wires to maintain the upward pressure head of the stock throughout substantially the vertical extent of said forming zone and thereby forcing liquid to be extruded through said converging wires by the action of said pressure head between said converging wires while the fibers remaining within said forming zone form the paper sheet, and removing said extruded liquid from within the loop of each of said wires.
  • a method as defined in claim 1 comprising the step of controlling the dimensions and direction of said jet to cause said jet to pass freely through said mouth in spaced relation with both of said wires providing an air-stock interface on each side of said jet through said mouth and to impinge on said wires above said mouth.
  • Apparatus for forming a paper sheet in a forming zone extending upwardly between traveling reaches of a pair of looped forming wires comprising a pair of breast rolls each adapted to be looped by one of said wires, means supporting said breast rolls in such spaced relation that horizontally opposed portions of said wires define a mouth of predetermined Width for said forming zone, guide means positioned within loops of said wires and guiding opposed reaches thereof upwardly in converging relation from said mouth to a station of minimum relative spacing thereby causing said wire reaches to define said forming zone, headbox means for supplying papermaking stock to said forming zone from below and including means for discharging upwardly through said mouth a stock jet of predetermined cross sectional dimensions smaller in thickness than said width of said mouth and for so directing said jet into said mouth that said jet impinges on each of said wires at a location spaced substantially above the line of tangency of said wire with its associated breast roll, means for controlling the discharge velocity of said jet at a velocity
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 5 comprising a suction box above and in closely spaced relation with the uppermost said deflector for one of said wires for causing the sheet to adhere to said one wire, and means for guiding said wires in diverging relation away from said suction box.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 4 comprising a pair of couch rolls located above said breast rolls and each positioned to be wrapped by one of said wires as it travels away from the other said wire, one of said couch rolls being a suction roll.

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  • Paper (AREA)
US771888A 1968-10-30 1968-10-30 Vertical twin-wire paper machine Expired - Lifetime US3597315A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77188868A 1968-10-30 1968-10-30

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US (1) US3597315A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT298219B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR6913777D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1951202B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI60739C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2021955A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1289152A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE378861B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3772145A (en) * 1971-03-31 1973-11-13 Black Clawson Co Pivotal mounting structures for vertical twin-wire papermaking machine
US3856618A (en) * 1973-06-04 1974-12-24 Beloit Corp Multi-ply paper forming machine with upward and downward forming runs
US4324820A (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-04-13 St. Regis Paper Company Method and apparatus for coating a paper web

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1400530A (en) * 1972-12-21 1975-07-16 Nat Res Dev Production of mats of aligned fibres
JPS6189398A (ja) * 1984-10-03 1986-05-07 三菱重工業株式会社 紙層形成装置
RU2334035C2 (ru) * 2003-12-22 2008-09-20 ЭстенДжонсон, Инк. Формующая часть с зазорами, предназначенная для двухсеточной бумагоделательной машины

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3772145A (en) * 1971-03-31 1973-11-13 Black Clawson Co Pivotal mounting structures for vertical twin-wire papermaking machine
US3856618A (en) * 1973-06-04 1974-12-24 Beloit Corp Multi-ply paper forming machine with upward and downward forming runs
US4324820A (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-04-13 St. Regis Paper Company Method and apparatus for coating a paper web

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR6913777D0 (pt) 1973-01-09
FI60739C (fi) 1982-03-10
DE1951202A1 (de) 1970-05-06
DE1951202B2 (de) 1975-10-23
GB1289152A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-13
FR2021955A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-24
SE378861B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-09-15
FI60739B (fi) 1981-11-30
AT298219B (de) 1972-04-25

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AS Assignment

Owner name: WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC., 101 PARK AVE., N

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BLACK CLAWSON COMPANY, THE;REEL/FRAME:004250/0792

Effective date: 19840130

AS Assignment

Owner name: BLACK CLAWSON COMPANY THE

Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:HELLER FINANCIAL, INC. F/K/A/ WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY INC.;REEL/FRAME:004628/0875

Effective date: 19861015

AS Assignment

Owner name: CHEMICAL BANK, AS AGENT

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BLACK CLAWSON COMPANY, THE, AN OH CORP.;HYDROTILE MACHINERY COMPANY, ANIOWA CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004930/0102

Effective date: 19880601