US3596733A - Flat diaphragm for sound transducers and method for manufacturing it - Google Patents

Flat diaphragm for sound transducers and method for manufacturing it Download PDF

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Publication number
US3596733A
US3596733A US888990A US3596733DA US3596733A US 3596733 A US3596733 A US 3596733A US 888990 A US888990 A US 888990A US 3596733D A US3596733D A US 3596733DA US 3596733 A US3596733 A US 3596733A
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front face
diaphragm
marginal
platelike
platelike member
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Jose Juan Bertagni
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a substantially flat diaphragm to beused in sound transducers and to a method for manufacturing said substantially flat diaphragm and more particularly, the present invention is mainly used in connection with socalled flat loudspeakers which provide an excellent reproduction of sound, although itmaj likewise be used in connection withthe manufacture oftnic fophones.
  • the aim is of course, to provide a single loudspeaker capable of providing a high efficiency, both within the upper and lower frequency ranges.
  • the present invention represents an important advance in the art, by providing a flat diaphragm which does not require a substantial mass of air in front and behind the diaphragm, because the latter does not vibrate according to the old, above-explained, principle.
  • the diaphragm is preferably made of agranular, expanded-bonded cellular,
  • this diaphragm is the first diaphragm which vibrates in its own plane from a center of percussion and substantially perpendicularly to the direction of said percussion.
  • the percussion is of course produced by the voice coil which is operatively connected to the rear face of the platelike member.
  • Still a further feature of the present invention is to manufacture the portion of the platelike member which is to be operatively connected to the voice coil in such a way that it becomes a stiffer portion than the rest of the platelike member, so as to achieve a better sound reproduction for high frequencies.
  • the present invention refers to a substantially flat diaphragm to be used in sound transducers made of a cellular, strong, stiff platelike member, having a flat front face, a rear face and side faces connecting said front and rear faces, a layer including said front face, said layer being pretensioned in a direction substantially perpendicular to the front face plane and in a direction within said front face plane and the remaining layers of said platelike member between said front face and said rear face are gradually under minor stresses from said front face towards said rear face.
  • the present invention is likewise concerned with a loud speaker including a flat diaphragm of the type hereinbefore defined, wherein at least a portion of said side faces is rigidly framed in a frame projecting beyond the rear face of said diaphragm and supporting a magnetic assembly including a voice coil in vibration-transmitting relationship with a central stiffer portion of said diaphragm, which is outside the geometric center of said diaphragm.
  • this invention refers also to a method for manufacturing a substantially flat diaphragm to be used in sound transducers, comprising the steps of forming a granular expandedbonded cellular, strong, stiff plastic platelike member, having a flat front face, a rear face and side faces connecting said front and rear faces, said platelike member defining a marginal portion substantially circumscribing a figure portion of the rear face, said figure portion including a central stiffer portion at a zone out of the geometric center of said figure por tion, thereby defining in said figure portion substantially straight channels of different length between said central portion and said marginal portion, adhering to said flat front face a thin sheetlike member having a free marginal portion projecting beyond said front face, bending said platelike member with said adhered sheetlike member to define a concavely shaped front face, urging said bent platelike member with the adhered sheet member into substantially planar condition, adhering the marginal portion of mild nhcotliko member to at the p'foi'ntof connection or
  • FIG. 1 is a sketch showing the granular arrangement of an expanded-bonded cellular, strong, stiff plastics platelike member.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are similar views as FIG. 1, showing said same platelike member during different steps of the process to manufacture the diaphragm in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a sketch in perspective view of a parallelepipedic platelike member which enables explaining the theory of decomposition of vibrations.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of the rear face of a platelike member defining a diaphragm in accordance with the present inventron.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross section along line VI-VI of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view mainly showing the front side of a flat loudspeaker, using the diaphragm in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal section through the loudspeaker of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view from the rear side of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 7, with the rear lid being removed.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic detail, in longitudinal section of a preferred way of connecting the voice coil to the diaphragm.
  • FIG. 11 is a detail in plan view, ofa portion ofa loudspeaker in accordance with the present invention, having a special arrangement to become the equivalent of a tweeter.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross section along line XII-XII of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional view ofa mold, filled with a particular arrangement of starting material to manufacture a diaphragm according to another alternative.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view ofa portion of the side face of the plastics platelike member according to a further alternative.
  • the diaphragm which could be defined as the core portion" of the present invention, is preferably manufactured as a granular, expanded bonded cellular, strong, stiff, plastics platelike member, conveniently made of polystyreneor polyurethane.
  • the platelike member 22 (see FIG. 1) consists of expanded granules which, although in this figure are shown as all being of substantially the same size, are in practice, not so uniform. These granules 20 are glued together forming in between them alveolar cells 21 which contain moisture as an intrinsic feature arising during the production of the platelike member 22.
  • the granules 20 are rather resilient.
  • the platelike member 22 has usually a substantially parallelepipedic shape and comprises a front face 23, a rear face 24 and side faces 25.
  • a number of layers are formed which for convenience of explanation will be defined by the rows of granules shown in FIG. 1.
  • the front face 23 which defines a front face plane is defined by a front face layer 26, the rear face 24 forms part of a rear face layer 27 and there are in between both a number of intermediate layers 28, 29 and 30.
  • each layer may be formed of more than one row of granules and the granules will not be so perfectly aligned in rows as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the platelike member 22 provides in itself an internal damping, ifa percussion or a vibratory movement is, for instance, applied to the rear face 24, as indicated by arrow 31.
  • the voice coil of the magnetic assembly (not shown, but which may be considered as schematically represented by arrow 31) should be able to transfer the vibrations, in case of a loudspeaker, to the platelike member 22 and to capture the vibrations, in case of a microphone, in a rather padded way, the granules of the layer which are in operative contact with the voice coil should be under no tension, or a minimum tension.
  • the platelike member 22 of FIG. 1 has been produced, said platelike member is curved as shown in FIG. 2, so that the front face 23 becomes concavely shaped. Due to this bending of the platelike member 22, the granules of the front layer 26 are subject to a maximum stress which will elongate them and the successive layers 28, 29, 30 and 27 will be subject to gradual decreasing stresses and the entire height of the platelike member 22 will be reduced. Due to the elongation of the granules 20, the alveolar cells will be reduced in size; particularly the alveolar cells existing in the front face layer 26.
  • heat may be applied to the platelike member in order to eliminate at least part of the moisture within the cells 21 and thereafter the aforementioned sealing film may be applied to the faces 23, 24 and 25 and said film may be of an adhesive type, at least for the front face 23 which will then be covered with a sheetlike member 32 having marginal portions 33 projecting beyond said front face 23.
  • the sheetlike member 32 may be for instance made of paper or fabric.
  • the face opposite the one to be adhered to the front face 23 may have a suitable decoration or design.
  • a mere sealing spray can be used and the sheetlike member 32 can be adhered to the front face by other suitable anchoring means such as by means of minuscule spikes forming part of the same fabric.
  • the bending of the platelike member 22 can be automatically achieved, if the sheetlike member is made of a shrinkable material, for instance a fabric.
  • the sealing spray at least for the front face, is of an adhesive nature
  • the shrinkable fabric is applied to the front face 23 and soaks in part of the spray, whereby the fabric shrinks and bends the platelike member 22.
  • the sheetlike member 32 is adhered to the front face 23, the granules of the front face layer 26 are substantially barred from relative internal movement so that the alveolar cell spaces are now more or less maintained in their new size, which is smaller.
  • the bent platelike member of FIG. 2 is now urged, with the adhered sheetlike member 32, into substantially planar condition as shown in FIG. 3. Since the granules are now tensioned in planes parallel to their layer, they will again become somewhat more flattened, so that thereby the total height of the platelike member 22 is further reduced. Simultaneously, the sheetlike member becomes also tensioned in its own plane and in order to anchor the sheetlike member in its tensioned state, the marginal portions 33 are now adhered at least to the side faces 25. If the length of the marginal portions 33 is somewhat larger, they may be turned over to cover the edge portions of the rear face 24, without changing the final result.
  • FIG. 4 shows the tensioned platelike member 35 sheathed with the sheet like member 32 and the free rear face is now identified by new reference numeral 36, since said rear face is now either under no tension or under slight tension.
  • the diaphragm or tensioned platelike member 35 is used for a loudspeaker and that the voice coil (not shown) transmits a vibration schematically indicated by line 37, onto the rear face 36, said vibration will move into the mass of the platelike member 35 towards the front face, as indicated by-dotted arrow 38 and will there decompose, due to the high tension, into vibrations 39, which are substantially parallel to the front face layer 26, whereby the diaphragm will vibrate within its plane.
  • the vibration 37, 38 will not entirely move forward up to the front face, but will in part already be decomposed in the intermediate layers 28 to 30, so that the entire diaphragm will mainly vibrate in a plane parallel to the general plane of the diaphragm. Additional tests have shown that the fidelity of these vibrations is best. if the side faces of the diaphragm are rigidly retained within a frame or a clamp, to which reference will be made later on.
  • the tensioned platelike member 35 should be so manufactured that it includes a central stiffer portion which is the portion to which the voice coil is to be connected.
  • the central stiffer portion is located in a zone outside of the geometric center of said platelike member. This may be achieved in different manners, one of which is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 and another one is shown in FIG. 13.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 when molding the platelike member of FIG. 1, the latter should not be a parallelepipedic body where the entire rear face 24 is parallel to the flat front face 23, but the platelike member 40 should have a flat front face 41, side faces 42 and a rear face defining a marginal portion 43 substantially circumscribing a figure portion 44 of a particular shape, similar to the human ear.
  • This figure portion 44 is cap-shaped so that the portion of the maximum height, due to the maximum height, defines a central stiffer portion 45, which central stiffer portion is located within a zone of said figure portion 44 which is out of the geometric center thereof (see FIG. 5).
  • the platelike member 40 should not be a parallelepipedic body where the entire rear face 24 is parallel to the flat front face 23, but the platelike member 40 should have a flat front face 41, side faces 42 and a rear face defining a marginal portion 43 substantially circumscribing a figure portion 44 of a particular shape, similar to the human ear.
  • This figure portion 44 is cap-
  • flat marginal portion 43 defines a plane parallel to the flat front face 41 and the maximum height zone of the cap-shaped figure portion 44 is tangent to said plane.
  • the sheetlike member 32 including the marginal portions 33 is likewise shown in FIG. 6. It is obvious that the diaphragm of FIG. 6 has been subjected to the steps as explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the central stiffer portion 45 is connected to the voice coil schematically indicated by arrow 46.
  • the marginal portion 43 is provided with damper means capable of substantially damping vibrations in said marginal portion. These damper means may be achieved by any kind of layer linked to said marginal portion. For instance, a spray may be applied on said marginal portion 43 and which hardens the latter or any kind of rigid plate, such as for instance damper plate 47 (see FIG. 8) may be mounted onto the rear face of said marginal portion.
  • the damper plate 47 has a central cutout portion corresponding to the figure portion 44, defining thus an edge 48 which the embodiment as shown in FIG. 6, is coplanar with the edge 49 of the marginal portion 43.
  • the radii which extend from the center of 45 to the edge 49 are of different lengths.
  • Each radius may be considered as a sound channel. Since each radius is of a different length, each sound channel is only able to transmit one particular sound different from the other sounds.
  • the length of each radius is equal to a multiple of a predetermined wavelength. Therefore, one or eventually several channels of similar lengths are capable of reproducing one particular audible tone. Since the marginal portion 43 is dampened by the damper plate 47 only the figure portion 44 is in sound-transmitting relationship with the voice coil.
  • This arrangement may be compared, for instance, with a guitar having cords of different lengths, each cord corresponding to one of the sound channels. Therefore, those channels which are out of phase with a transmitted wavelength, are substantially inoperative. Thus distortion is very considerably reduced, and the substantial absence of stationary waves increases the output of the system.
  • the diaphragm or platelike member 40 is at least partially mounted in a frame 50 which firmly grips at least part of the side faces as clearly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • Frame 50 may be connected to the damper plate 47 and is furthermore provided with a pair of inwardly projecting ribs 51, 52 for supporting a nonmagnetic crossbar 53 (see FIGS. 8 and 9) in spaced relationship with said diaphragm or platelike member.
  • Crossbar 53 in turn supports the magnet assembly 54 including the voice coil 55,,which is in vibration-transmitting relationship with the central stiffer portion 45.
  • the rear portion of the frame 50 is preferably closed by a cover lid 56, which may be made of the same material as the diaphragm, but which conveniently provides an inner face having a frustoconical damping projections 57.
  • the frame 50 is provided with at least one perforation 58 arranged between the diaphragm 40 and the lid 56, so that the air housed therein is in free communication with the ambient air to maintain an equilibrium in pressure.
  • the sheetlike member 32 will not only cooperate in producing a better sound transducer but protects at the same time, the plastics platelike member and in addition affords means for any kind of illustration or decoration, as previously stated.
  • the arrangement as shown in FIG. 8 can be embedded within the wall of a room, precisely because the lid 56 is provided, without jeopardizing the sound-reproducing qualities.
  • the central stiffer portion 45 of a platelike member 40 has a cylindrical projection 60, onto which the voice coil member 55, having the usual coil 61, is fitted, whereby a good vibration-transmitting relationship is achieved. It will be appreciated that contrary to the prior art, the portion where the voice coil is related to the diaphragm is the thickest portion.
  • FIG. 11 a portion of a diaphragm 62 is shown, having the damper plate 47 and the voice coil 55, similarly as in the previous embodiment described.
  • a second magnetic assembly is provided including the voice coil 63, which is in contact with an insert 64.
  • FIG. 12 the proper position of the in sert 64 with regard to the thickness of the diaphragm 62 is shown.
  • the diaphragm has a blind bore 65 entering from its rear face 66 through which passes the voice coil 63 (only schematically indicated by an arrow in FIG. l2) which is in vibrating contact with insert 64 without entering into contact with the diaphragm 62.
  • the insert 64 is usually a thin brass or aluminum plate and can act as a tweeter if so required.
  • the particular shape of the embodiment of the diaphragm 40 shown in FIG. 6 and which is provided in order to form the central stiffer portion 45, can be replaced by producing a parallelepipedic platelike member to define the diaphragm body, formed of zones having different hardness or stiffness.
  • polyurethane particles are preferably used as starting material. These particles are preexpanded in different batches to different granular sizes. Care should be taken that no complete preexpansion of the granules or particles takes place.
  • the classified different-sized granules are then housed in a preestablished manner in a mold 67, wherein the largest particles 68 are housed in the marginal or outer portion of the mold 67.
  • the next smaller size 69 is then poured into the mold to define an annular zone and then finally the smallest size particles or granules 70 are housed in the mold to complete the mold. This arrangement is then expanded to form a diaphragm.
  • the stiffest zone will correspond to the zone of the smaller granules. It is obvious that the shape of the mold can be adjusted to ear shape to define the figure portion corresponding to the one identified by reference numeral 44 in FIG. 5, having also a marginal outer'zone.
  • a substantially fiat diaphragm to be used in sound transducers made of a cellular, strong, stiff platelike member, having a flat front face, a rear face and side faces connecting said front and rear faces, a layer including said front face, additional layers between said layer including said front face and said rear face, said front face defining a front face plane, said layer including said front face being pretensioned in a direction substantially perpendicular to said front face plane and in a direction within said front face plane and said additional layers of said platelike member between said front face and said rear face are gradually under minor stresses from said front face towards said rear face.
  • a loudspeaker comprising a substantially fiat diaphragm made of a granular expanded-bonded cellular, strong, stiff plastics platelike, imperforate member, having a fiat front face, a rear face and side faces connecting said front and rear faces, said platelike member defining a marginal vibration damper portion, a figure portion on said rear face, said marginal vibration damper portion substantially circumscribing said figure portion, a layer including said front face and defining a front face plane, said layer being pretensioned in a direction substantially perpendicular to said front face plane and in a direction within said front face plane, additional layers between said layer including said front face and said rear face, said additional layers of said platelike member between said front face and said rear face are gradually under minor stresses from said front face towards said rear face, a central stiffer portion, said figure portion including said central stiffer portion at a zone out of the geometric center of said figure portion, a frame having a rear portion, at least a part of said side faces being rigidly framed in said frame,
  • the loudspeaker as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a cover lid including frustoconical damping projections, said rear portion of said frame being closed by said cover lid, said frustoconical damping projections being directed towards the rear face of said diaphragm, said frame having a bore connecting the inside between said diaphragm and said cover lid with the outside.
  • a method for manufacturing a substantially flat diaphragm to be used in sound transducers comprising the steps of:
  • a method for manufacturing a substantially flat diaphragm to be used in sound transducers comprising the steps of:
  • a method for manufacturing a substantially flat diaphragm to be used in sound transducers comprising the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
US888990A 1968-12-30 1969-12-29 Flat diaphragm for sound transducers and method for manufacturing it Expired - Lifetime US3596733A (en)

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BE (1) BE770893Q (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1965274B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (2) ES375016A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2027361A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1289858A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779336A (en) * 1972-06-27 1973-12-18 J Bertagni Diaphragm for sound transducers, method and apparatus for manufacturing it
US4010821A (en) * 1975-05-02 1977-03-08 Quillmann Leo Heinz Omnidirectional sympathetically driven sound reproduction device
US4013846A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-03-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Piston loudspeaker
US4184563A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-01-22 Bertagni Jose J Planar diaphragm and supporting frame assembly
US4257325A (en) * 1978-04-05 1981-03-24 Bertagni Jose J Mouting of a substantially planar diaphragm defining a sound transducer
US4761817A (en) * 1986-01-27 1988-08-02 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Diaphragm structure for a transducer
US4928312A (en) * 1988-10-17 1990-05-22 Amel Hill Acoustic transducer
US4997058A (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-03-05 Bertagni Jose J Sound transducer
US5018599A (en) * 1988-10-03 1991-05-28 Sony Corporation Headphone device
US5425107A (en) * 1992-04-09 1995-06-13 Bertagni Electronic Sound Transducers, International Corporation Planar-type loudspeaker with dual density diaphragm
WO1996028949A1 (en) * 1995-03-16 1996-09-19 Transducer Valley Inc. Loudspeaker
US5693917A (en) * 1993-11-18 1997-12-02 Sound Advance Systems, Inc. Planar diaphragm loudspeaker
US5878150A (en) * 1994-03-28 1999-03-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Damper for a loudspeaker and a method for producing the same
US5961762A (en) * 1998-04-29 1999-10-05 Sonigistix Corporation Method and assembly for manufacturing acoustic transducers
US5991424A (en) * 1995-04-28 1999-11-23 Sound Advance Systems, Inc. Planar diaphragm speaker with heat dissipator
US6282298B1 (en) * 1996-09-03 2001-08-28 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US6546106B2 (en) 1996-09-03 2003-04-08 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US20030133581A1 (en) * 2002-01-07 2003-07-17 Klayman Arnold I. User configurable multi-component speaker panel
US20030161493A1 (en) * 2002-02-26 2003-08-28 Hosler David Lee Transducer for converting between mechanical vibration and electrical signal
US20040020710A1 (en) * 2002-04-17 2004-02-05 Monte Martinez Stented ear mold and method
US20040129492A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-07-08 Alejandro Bertagni Planar diaphragm loudspeaker and related methods
US6904154B2 (en) 1995-09-02 2005-06-07 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US20060013417A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-19 Intier Automotive Inc. Acoustical panel assembly
US20070178242A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2007-08-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method of and device for modifying the properties of a membrane for an electroacoustic transducer
US20070217647A1 (en) * 2004-06-11 2007-09-20 Panasonic Electronic Devices Co., Ltd. Electro-Acoustic Converter, Module Using Same, Electronic Device, and Apparatus
US20090041291A1 (en) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 Kenichiro Toyofuku Speaker diaphragm and electrodynamic loudspeaker using the same
US10468012B2 (en) * 2016-11-04 2019-11-05 Bdnc (Holding) Limited Homogeneous hard speaker radiating diaphragms with damping
USD953288S1 (en) * 2020-06-22 2022-05-31 Apple Inc. Component for a headphone
USD954019S1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2022-06-07 Sonos, Inc. Headphone
US11533564B2 (en) 2020-10-08 2022-12-20 Sonos, Inc. Headphone ear cushion attachment mechanism and methods for using
USD991214S1 (en) 2020-10-08 2023-07-04 Sonos, Inc. Headphone ear cushion attachment mechanism
US11758317B1 (en) 2019-09-25 2023-09-12 Sonos, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling playback and other features of a wireless headphone

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JPS5748153Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1977-11-26 1982-10-22
GB2360665B (en) * 1998-06-22 2003-01-15 Slab Technology Ltd Loudspeakers
EP3708264B1 (en) * 2019-03-14 2025-05-07 IMEC vzw An acoustic coupling interface

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US3247925A (en) * 1962-03-08 1966-04-26 Lord Corp Loudspeaker
US3278355A (en) * 1963-02-06 1966-10-11 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Process of making an article of balance construction
US3459274A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-08-05 Monsanto Co Sound barrier structure and method of making same
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US3247925A (en) * 1962-03-08 1966-04-26 Lord Corp Loudspeaker
US3278355A (en) * 1963-02-06 1966-10-11 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Process of making an article of balance construction
US3459274A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-08-05 Monsanto Co Sound barrier structure and method of making same
US3483946A (en) * 1967-12-30 1969-12-16 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Loudspeaker

Cited By (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779336A (en) * 1972-06-27 1973-12-18 J Bertagni Diaphragm for sound transducers, method and apparatus for manufacturing it
US4010821A (en) * 1975-05-02 1977-03-08 Quillmann Leo Heinz Omnidirectional sympathetically driven sound reproduction device
US4013846A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-03-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Piston loudspeaker
US4257325A (en) * 1978-04-05 1981-03-24 Bertagni Jose J Mouting of a substantially planar diaphragm defining a sound transducer
US4184563A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-01-22 Bertagni Jose J Planar diaphragm and supporting frame assembly
US4761817A (en) * 1986-01-27 1988-08-02 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Diaphragm structure for a transducer
US5018599A (en) * 1988-10-03 1991-05-28 Sony Corporation Headphone device
US4928312A (en) * 1988-10-17 1990-05-22 Amel Hill Acoustic transducer
US4997058A (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-03-05 Bertagni Jose J Sound transducer
US5425107A (en) * 1992-04-09 1995-06-13 Bertagni Electronic Sound Transducers, International Corporation Planar-type loudspeaker with dual density diaphragm
US5539835A (en) * 1992-04-09 1996-07-23 Sound Advance Systems, Inc. Planar-type loudspeaker with dual density diaphragm
US5693917A (en) * 1993-11-18 1997-12-02 Sound Advance Systems, Inc. Planar diaphragm loudspeaker
US5878150A (en) * 1994-03-28 1999-03-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Damper for a loudspeaker and a method for producing the same
US5966797A (en) * 1994-03-28 1999-10-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing a damper for a loudspeaker
WO1996028949A1 (en) * 1995-03-16 1996-09-19 Transducer Valley Inc. Loudspeaker
US5991424A (en) * 1995-04-28 1999-11-23 Sound Advance Systems, Inc. Planar diaphragm speaker with heat dissipator
US6904154B2 (en) 1995-09-02 2005-06-07 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US20060159293A1 (en) * 1995-09-02 2006-07-20 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US7158647B2 (en) 1995-09-02 2007-01-02 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US20050147273A1 (en) * 1995-09-02 2005-07-07 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US7194098B2 (en) 1995-09-02 2007-03-20 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US6282298B1 (en) * 1996-09-03 2001-08-28 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US6442282B2 (en) * 1996-09-03 2002-08-27 New Transducers Limited Acoustic devices
US6546106B2 (en) 1996-09-03 2003-04-08 New Transducers Limited Acoustic device
US5961762A (en) * 1998-04-29 1999-10-05 Sonigistix Corporation Method and assembly for manufacturing acoustic transducers
US20030133581A1 (en) * 2002-01-07 2003-07-17 Klayman Arnold I. User configurable multi-component speaker panel
US20030161493A1 (en) * 2002-02-26 2003-08-28 Hosler David Lee Transducer for converting between mechanical vibration and electrical signal
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1289858A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-20
FR2027361A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-25
ES375016A1 (es) 1972-03-01
DE1965274B2 (de) 1972-05-04
NL6919494A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-02
ES394194A1 (es) 1974-09-01
NL142307B (nl) 1974-05-15
BE770893Q (fr) 1971-12-16
DE1965274A1 (de) 1970-08-27

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