US3594096A - Combined carrying and driving device for watercrafts - Google Patents

Combined carrying and driving device for watercrafts Download PDF

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Publication number
US3594096A
US3594096A US760837A US3594096DA US3594096A US 3594096 A US3594096 A US 3594096A US 760837 A US760837 A US 760837A US 3594096D A US3594096D A US 3594096DA US 3594096 A US3594096 A US 3594096A
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vanes
wheel
marine craft
water
vaned
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US760837A
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English (en)
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Eywin Scharffenberg-Kahlke
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/38—Propulsive elements directly acting on water characterised solely by flotation properties, e.g. drums

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A marine craft having frame means and rotary means rotatably supported on the frame means for propelling and providing the sole buoyant support for the marine craft.
  • the rotary means includes a plurality of rotatable drumlike members having a plurality of outwardly extending vanes.
  • the vanes have a volume adjacent the outer ends thereof substantially greater than the volume of the vanes adjacent the inner ends thereof whereby the vanes thus provide maximum buoyancy while permitting propulsion of the vehicle when disposed in water.
  • the present invention considers marine craft of different types and relates to a combined support and propulsion device for such craft.
  • a conventional boat is provided with a buoyant hull and is propelled by a special motive power plant, preferably a propeller and engine aggregate.
  • a special motive power plant preferably a propeller and engine aggregate.
  • the support plane system has been introduced, which during travel exerts a dynamic lifting force on craft.
  • a separate motive power plant is, however, still used.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide support elements for a marine craft, these support elements simultaneously acting as propulsion and steering means. These elements may suitably be designed as “driving displacement wheels” or “supporting vaned wheels” of the type described in the accompanying description.
  • driving displacement wheels or “supporting vaned wheels” of the type described in the accompanying description.
  • FIG. I is a cross section through a supporting vaned wheel according to the invention, the section having been drawn along the line H in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the vaned wheel according to FIG. I whilst FIG. 3 is a view in perspective of a vaned drum according to the invention intended for higher revolutions than the vaned wheel according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the supporting vaned wheel shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designed as a fairly long roll or roller, in this case comprised of eight longitudinal, helical vanes 12 commencing from a hub 14.
  • the vanes may be hollow and consist ofa thin, metal sheet shell suitably reinforced internally, or they may also be produced from expanded plastic, for example polyester foam, and covered in a suitable manner, with for example a glass fiber fabric.
  • each vane will have a certain buoyancy, and if a number of vaned wheels or rollers 10 are mounted on the underside of a boat or other vessel the vessel can be maintained entirely buoyant on the rollers, or more closely defined on the vanes fitted on the rollers.
  • the roller system must be so dimensioned that the depth of immersion does not exceed the radial height of the vane from the hub 14 to the outer cover, see FIG. I, where the water surface 0-0 for the greatest depth of immersion is marked.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the vanes or profile has been designed giving consideration to the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic conditions in relation to the desired speed of the craft in question, the displacement, utilization, etc. Special attention must be given to the design of the vane and profile with consideration being afi'orded to the water flow about the profile during motion. However, the profile itself is a hydrodynamic problem, which falls outside the scope of this invention and will not, therefore, be discussed more closely. Taking into consideration the profile fonn exemplified in FIG.
  • the only special feature for longitudinal vaned wheels or rollers is that it can be advantageous to design the profile, so that the greatest portion possible of the enclosed surface of the profile is positioned adjacent to the periphery of the wheel, signifying that the vane, even when the depth of immersion is small, has a fairly large buoyancy, and that in general the displacement of the vaned wheel has been made as large as possible.
  • the vanes I2 diverge radially outward at an angle a: and the vane intermediate spaces 14 diverges at an angle [3, in such a manner that each vane at its extreme end is provided with a portionofa fairly large volume and thereby large buoyancy.
  • other vane designs e.g., with rounded or pointed ends, are also suitable in certain cases and the invention in this context is not limited to any definite form of profile.
  • the vanes are helically formed in a longitudinal direction.
  • the object is in the first place to achieve substantially similar buoyancy along the whole of the length of the vaned wheel, for this purpose the pitch of the helix need only be such that the profiles of two adjacent vanes and the ends of the wheels overlap each other, i.e., the foremost point in the direction of rotation on a vane marked x in FIG. 2 must extend beyond the rearmost point marked y positioned on the rear edge of the forward vane at the ends of the wheel.
  • each vaned wheel 10 must comprise two halves l0r and 10L the vanes being arranged with opposite pitches. The motivation for this is of course that the wheel would otherwise tend to exert a force toward the side during motion and not act in a forward direction.
  • a vaned wheel assembled in this manner acquires an appearance similar to a herringbone toothed wheel, and the question of whether the wheel should be designed or fitted in such a manner that it rotates with the points of the vanes (of which one is marked by x), i.e., that part of the vane which moves first in the direction of rotation, being situated in the center of the wheel as is apparent in the drawings, or at the ends of the wheel or end walls, must be decided according to the circumstances.
  • that part of a vane intermediate space 14 which lies in the center of the wheel 10 will be the first part to enter the water during rotation of the wheel, and a continuous water flow is initiated in the intermediate space from the center of the wheel toward the ends.
  • the portions of the intermediate spaces at the ends of the wheel will enter the water first, and a flow will be initiated from each end toward the center, where both the flows will meet.
  • the result will be that the vaned wheel will acquire a less active grip on the surface of the water, which can be an advantage in certain cases.
  • the two wheel portions with opposite pitches need not, of course, be united with each other but can be arranged with intermediate spaces on the same shaft; the essential point being that the traction exerted by the two wheels toward the side should be equalized to a motion with a forward direction.
  • the wheel portions are separate it is possible, especially with watercraft, to drive them at different speeds and thereby create steering forces. Such steering forces are otherwise obtained by one or more vaned wheels being mounted rotatably in the horizontal plane.
  • the wheel can suitably be comprised of laminations 16 with the width b, these being shaped with the desired helical pitch and in the plane exhibit the desired vane profile, therefore a series of vanes with left-hand and righthand pitches being required. Subsequently, the laminations are bonded together with a certain displacement between laminations corresponding to the helical pitch, following which the finished wheel is covered with glass fiber fabric or the like. Using this method, a vaned wheel with a suitable length can be produced from case to 'case.
  • a wheel produced from expanded plastic and with a diameter of 1 meter and with the cross-sectional profile shown in FIG. 1 gives at maximum immcrsion according to the level line a-a a buoyancy of the order of I00 kp per meter length.
  • FIG. 3 a perspective view illustrates a further embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • This has the form of a fairly long vaned wheel 20, and in this case preferably named a vaned drum, the drum being provided with eight herringbone vanes 22, commencing from a hub 24 with a fairly small diameter.
  • the drum 20 is designed to run more quickly than the wheel according to FIGS. 1 and 2, and the cross-sectional profile of the vanes, therefore, is designed with a form which is more penetrating" but with the wider portions of the cross-sectional profile still situated fairly close to the periphery of the drum. Due to the small diameter hub, the vaned drum has a fairly deep immersion, as may be noticed from the water mass 26, in which the vanes of the drum are immersed.
  • the roll can be divided at the transition between the portions with the left-hand and right-hand pitches, it being possible to arrange a center bearing with a propulsive coupling.
  • a number of vaned drums 20 may be mounted with suitable mountings on the underside of a marine craft and connected to a motive power source.
  • the vaned wheels or drums described above can be produced with end discs to advantage, i.e., circular plates which are fitted at the ends of the drums at right angles to the shaft of the drum, in order to seal the intermediate spaces between the vanes.
  • end discs i.e., circular plates which are fitted at the ends of the drums at right angles to the shaft of the drum, in order to seal the intermediate spaces between the vanes.
  • An improved marine craft comprising frame means and rotary means rotatably supported on said frame means for l) propelling said marine craft and (2) providing the sole buoyant support for said marine craft, said rotary means including a plurality of rotatable drumlike members constructed of a buoyant plastic material and having a plurality of outwardly extending vanes of helical configuration, each vane includes two similar parts of opposite pitch, said vanes having a circumferential cross section and volume adjacent the outer ends thereof substantially greater than the respective cross section and volume of the vanes adjacent the inner ends thereof whereby the vanes thus provide maximum buoyancy while simultaneously permitting propulsion of the vehicle when disposed in water.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
US760837A 1967-09-26 1968-09-19 Combined carrying and driving device for watercrafts Expired - Lifetime US3594096A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE13196/67A SE300366B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1967-09-26 1967-09-26

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US3594096A true US3594096A (en) 1971-07-20

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DE (1) DE1781269A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE300366B (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4264276A (en) * 1977-06-08 1981-04-28 Massey Jerald L Water wheel for exerting flotation and propelling forces
US4737070A (en) * 1985-07-31 1988-04-12 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Water powered device
GB2224698A (en) * 1987-10-28 1990-05-16 Leon Bernard Denny A wheeled amphibious vehicle
GB2443697A (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-14 Robert James Siddall Floating water wheel with buoyant blades
US20080178965A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 Kube Burk R Replaceable flute inserts for a roller assembly of a debarker apparatus
GB2463113A (en) * 2008-09-06 2010-03-10 Michael Lowery Floating water wheel with chevron shaped paddles

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI980930A7 (fi) * 1998-04-28 1999-10-29 Lakesail Oy Alus

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2672A (en) * 1842-06-18 Improvement in the manner of constructing paddle-wheels and of combining the same
US23324A (en) * 1859-03-22 Paddle-wheel
US53160A (en) * 1866-03-13 Improved rotary steamship
US307400A (en) * 1884-10-28 Marine propelling
US787811A (en) * 1904-03-22 1905-04-18 Thomas J Huff Floating current-wheel.
US956487A (en) * 1908-05-19 1910-04-26 William Henry Fauber Hydroplane-boat.
US1280069A (en) * 1917-10-16 1918-09-24 Chester E Morgan Motor-cycle support.
DE496506C (de) * 1930-04-24 Artur Kessler Wasserfahrzeug mit zylindrischen Rollschwimmern
GB353709A (en) * 1929-08-05 1931-07-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Improvements in and relating to refrigerating systems
US2259438A (en) * 1937-01-04 1941-10-21 Degallier Edmond Navigable vessel
US3405765A (en) * 1966-02-22 1968-10-15 Glacier Co Ltd Ship's propeller mounting

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2672A (en) * 1842-06-18 Improvement in the manner of constructing paddle-wheels and of combining the same
US23324A (en) * 1859-03-22 Paddle-wheel
US53160A (en) * 1866-03-13 Improved rotary steamship
US307400A (en) * 1884-10-28 Marine propelling
DE496506C (de) * 1930-04-24 Artur Kessler Wasserfahrzeug mit zylindrischen Rollschwimmern
US787811A (en) * 1904-03-22 1905-04-18 Thomas J Huff Floating current-wheel.
US956487A (en) * 1908-05-19 1910-04-26 William Henry Fauber Hydroplane-boat.
US1280069A (en) * 1917-10-16 1918-09-24 Chester E Morgan Motor-cycle support.
GB353709A (en) * 1929-08-05 1931-07-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Improvements in and relating to refrigerating systems
US2259438A (en) * 1937-01-04 1941-10-21 Degallier Edmond Navigable vessel
US3405765A (en) * 1966-02-22 1968-10-15 Glacier Co Ltd Ship's propeller mounting

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4264276A (en) * 1977-06-08 1981-04-28 Massey Jerald L Water wheel for exerting flotation and propelling forces
US4737070A (en) * 1985-07-31 1988-04-12 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Water powered device
GB2224698A (en) * 1987-10-28 1990-05-16 Leon Bernard Denny A wheeled amphibious vehicle
GB2443697A (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-14 Robert James Siddall Floating water wheel with buoyant blades
US20080178965A1 (en) * 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 Kube Burk R Replaceable flute inserts for a roller assembly of a debarker apparatus
US7882869B2 (en) * 2007-01-26 2011-02-08 Nicholson Manufacturing Ltd. Replaceable flute inserts for a roller assembly of a debarker apparatus
GB2463113A (en) * 2008-09-06 2010-03-10 Michael Lowery Floating water wheel with chevron shaped paddles

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Publication number Publication date
DE1781269A1 (de) 1970-12-23
SE300366B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1968-04-22

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