US3593056A - Mercury-arc lamp - Google Patents

Mercury-arc lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3593056A
US3593056A US836871A US3593056DA US3593056A US 3593056 A US3593056 A US 3593056A US 836871 A US836871 A US 836871A US 3593056D A US3593056D A US 3593056DA US 3593056 A US3593056 A US 3593056A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
mercury
electrodes
arc lamp
lamp
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US836871A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jiro Degawa
Osamu Takeuchi
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/20—Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored; Applying coatings to the vessel
    • H01J9/22—Applying luminescent coatings
    • H01J9/227—Applying luminescent coatings with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots or lines
    • H01J9/2271—Applying luminescent coatings with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots or lines by photographic processes
    • H01J9/2272—Devices for carrying out the processes, e.g. light houses
    • H01J9/2274—Light sources particularly adapted therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/33—Special shape of cross-section, e.g. for producing cool spot

Definitions

  • the phosphor screen of the color picture tube of these types are made up of a plurality of phosphor strips that emit red, green and blue emissions. The strips are sequentially. arranged in a repeating cyclic order to obtain the desired color combinations.
  • the present preferred method for making such phosphor screens comprises placing a grid deviceon a face plate which has been coated over the entire interior surface with a phosphor slurry of a particular color emissive phosphor and a photosensitive material and the coated interior surface is then exposed to radiation by light from a line source.
  • the exposed photosensitive material hardens and the unexposed photosensitive material is removed so as to leave the phosphor slurry only at those areas which have been exposed. It has been dif ficult to reduce the tube diameterof the mercury-arc. lamp so as to obtain high resolution and thelightemitted from such prior art lamps has been fairly wide and the mercury-arc lamps have not been satisfactory as a line source of light. Attempts have been made to use optical lens for reducing the prior art lamps to a line source but this .is difficult and a substantial portion of the light is lost due to the lens.
  • the luminous portion in mercury-arc lamps may be rendered extremely fine by reducing the diameter of plasma produced between the electrodes, which can be achieved by reducing the tube diameter of the lamp, this results in a disadvantage in that the reduced tube diameter causes devitrification of the tube envelope clue to heat by radiation which shortens the life of the lamp.
  • the present invention comprises a mercury-arc lamp which ha. tube diameter which is reduced in the central portion to provide a line source of illumination and which has enlarged spherical cavities formed in the tube at either end of the active portion adjacent the electrodes of the lamp so as to avoid devitrification of the tube envelope and to provide fine and linear radiation of high intensity that may be used to [make phosphor screens of color picture tubes'without usingta lens system.
  • one object of this invention is to provide a mercury-arc lamp of high luminance which provides fine and linear radiation.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a mercury-arc lamp which is not subject to devitrification of the tube envelope and is long lasting.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a mercuryarc lamp which is suitable for use as a line source of light in making phosphor screens of color picture tubes without the need of a lens system.
  • FIG. I is a schematic view illustrating the optical printing method for making a color phosphor screen
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art mercury-arc lamp
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating one example of a mercury-arc lamp according to this invention.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are graphs illustrating the degree of devitrification of the tube envelope and are utilized for explaining the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates apparatus for exposing a phosphor screen for constructing a color television tube, for example.
  • a phosphor slurry 2 is coated on the entire inside surface of .a panel 1 of the tube envelope of a color picture tube upon which it is desired to form a color phosphor screen.
  • the phosphor 2 might be formed, for example, of a red color emissive phosphor and a photosensitive binder.
  • An optical mask 3 which has an optical pattern corresponding to the pattern the desired red phosphor strips of the color phosphor screen which will be ultimately formed is placed between the panel 1 and a light source 4 so as to expose the red phosphor strips at the desired locations.
  • the phosphor slurry 2 is placed on the inside surface of the panel 1 and is exposed through the optical mask 3 to irradiation from the light source 4 to form in the slurry a latent image of the optical pattern of the mask 3. Then the interior surface of the panel 1 is subjected to a developing process to obtain red color phosphor strips of a predetermined pattern. The unexposed phosphor between the exposed red color phosphor strips is removed and the process is repeated to place green and blue color emissive phosphors on the panel
  • the light source 4 is usually a mercury-arc lamp. It is desired that the light source 4 be a linear light source which extends in the longitudinal direction of the phosphor'strips that will 'be ultimately formed so as to insure uniform exposure of the phosphor strips to light throughout their entire lengths.
  • prior mercury-arc lamps have not been bright enough tosatisfactorily serve as linear light sources and an optical system has been required. It is difficult to produce a linear light beam using a lens system and also the use of a lens system causes a substantial loss of the light energy.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art mercury-arc lamp.
  • a pair of electrodes 7A and 78 project into a tube 6 made of quartz glass from either end in the axial direction.
  • Mercury holes 8A and 8B which are filled with mercury 9 are formed at both ends of the tube 6 and an inert gas such as argon, xenon or the like is sealed in the tube 6.
  • an inert gas such as argon, xenon or the like is sealed in the tube 6.
  • the inner diameter of theitube 6 is small at the inner ends of the mercury holes 8A and 88 as indicated by the numerals 10A and 10B so as to prevent the mercury 9 from flowing out through the holes 8A and"-8B.
  • the inner diameter of the tube 6 is substantially uniform between the ends of the electrodes 7A and 7B.
  • the diameter of plasma produced between the electrodes 7A and 7B is made small by reducing the diameter of the tube 6.
  • this causes devitrification of the tube 6 which results in a loss in the amount of'light produced and -the devitrification of the tube 6 has started it progresses.
  • the creeping discharge once the creeping discharge has started, it absorbs heat generated by the plasma and devitrification of the tube is increased. This also causes a local increase in the vapor pressure of the tube, thus lowering the luminous efficiency of the lamp and increasing the likelihood of explosion of the tube.
  • a substantially cylindrical tube 11 is constructed of quartz glass and rodlike electrodes 12A and 12B partially extend into the tube from both ends thereofin the axial direction.
  • the ends 120 and 12b of the electrodes 12A and 12B are formed in the form of truncated cones with the base of the cones having a diameter ofabout 0.5 mm. and the point ofthe electrodes are tapered to a diameter of about 0.3 mm., respectively.
  • the distance between the electrodes 12A and 12B may be approximately 15 mm.
  • the tube of this invention is formed such that the inner diameter of the tube 11 is within the range from 0.5 to 1.4 mm. which is much smaller than that of conventional mercuryarc lamps. Also, the inner walls of the tubes adjacent the end portions 120 and 12b of the electrodes 12A and 12B are enlarged to form spherical cavities 14A and 148. The diameters of the cavities 14A and 148 may be selected such that the distance between the inner wall of the cavity and the end of the electrode is greater than the diameter of the tube in the central portion. When the diameters of the inner diameter of spherical cavities 14A and 14B has been in the range of 2 to 2.5 mm., very satisfactory results have been obtained. Such diameters provide a substantial spacing between the active ends of electrodes 12A and 12B and the inner walls of spherical cavities 14A and 14B and substantially inhibit devitrification.
  • Narrow portions of the tube adjacent the cavities 14A and 14B are filled with mercury 15.
  • the portions of the tube adjacent the ends are formed of quartz glass, gradiant seal glass 16 as shown and tungsten glass 17 through which the electrodes 12A and 12B pass.
  • FIGS. 4, and 6 are graphs illustrating the degree of devitrification of the tube 11.
  • the particular tube of the invention tested had an outer diameter of 4 mm. and an inner diameter of I mm.
  • the distance between the electrodes 12A and 128 was l5 mm.
  • the diameters of the electrodes 12A and 12B were 0.5 mm. at the base and 0.3 mm. at the small ends, respectively.
  • the degree of devitrification is plotted on the basis that indicates that the tube is opaque to a degree such that an electrode in each cavity cannot be seen from the outside of the tube.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the degree of devitrification of the tube at the cavities 14A and 148 relative to the lighted time of the mercury-arc lamp when the pressure P of cooling air fed to the lamp was l.5 kg./cm. the diameter d of the cavities 14A and 148 being used as a parameter.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show, respectively, the degree of devitrification of the cavities and luminous portion of the tube as a function of the diameters d of the cavities 14A and 14B of the tube 11 with the pressure P of the cooling air being used as a parameter.
  • An increase in the diameter of the cavities causes an increase in the pressure within the cavities resulting in less mechanical strength of the tube.
  • d is equal to or less than 2 mm.
  • the devitrification degree is large. Therefore, it is desired that the diameter of the cavities 14A and 148 be in the range ofabout 2 to 2.5 mm.
  • the diameter of the main portion of the tube 11 between the electrodes with the exception of the cavities 14A and 14B is selected to be in the range between 0.5 to 1.4 mm. because tubes having diameters ofless than 0.5 mm. are low in working efficiency whereas tubes with diameters exceeding 1.4 mm. are not preferred because the diameter of the plasma is increased to such an extent that the lamp is inadequate as a line source of light and also the surface tension of the mercury 15 is exceeded which allows the mercury to flow from the mercury holes when the lamp is mounted in a vertical direction,
  • the tube according to this invention is selected so that it is small and linear irradiation can be produced. Therefore, the use of the mercury-arc lamp of this invention as the light source for optical printing of the color phosphor screen does not need the optical system 5 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the mercury-arc lamp of this invention increases the brightness five to 20 times over that of conventional mercury-arc lamps such as illustrated in FIG. 2 with conventional optical systems.
  • the mercury-arc tube of the invention comprises a tube with a small diameter which has small overall area which decreases the overall pressure on the tube and allows it to withstand increased pressure. This increases the mercury vapor pressure and enhances the luminous efficiency of the lamp.
  • the electrodes are spaced a substantial distance from the inner wall of the tube due to the cavities 14A and 14B surrounding them, the probability of impingement of negative ions from the electrodes 12A and 12B upon the inner wall of the tube can be decreased and the energy of any ions impinging upon the wall of the tube will also be reduced.
  • the so-called thermal layer is provided in the space which reduces the transmission of heat from the electrode to the wall of the tube so that devitrification of the tube can be effectively prevented and the service life of the lamp will be substantially increased.
  • the tapering of the ends of the electrodes as illustrated at 12a and 12b reduces the transmission of heat from the heated electrodes and heat radiation is low. Therefore, the electrodes can be maintained at a high temperature and an electric charge concentrated on the electrodes to insure efficient discharge between the electrodes.
  • a mercury-arc lamp comprising:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
US836871A 1968-06-29 1969-06-26 Mercury-arc lamp Expired - Lifetime US3593056A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP43045376A JPS4810585B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-06-29 1968-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3593056A true US3593056A (en) 1971-07-13

Family

ID=12717533

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US836871A Expired - Lifetime US3593056A (en) 1968-06-29 1969-06-26 Mercury-arc lamp
US00132331A Expired - Lifetime US3727525A (en) 1968-06-29 1971-04-08 Device for making phosphor screen for color picture tubes

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00132331A Expired - Lifetime US3727525A (en) 1968-06-29 1971-04-08 Device for making phosphor screen for color picture tubes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US3593056A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4810585B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1932173A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2011793A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1270709A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL163670C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3729643A (en) * 1970-04-03 1973-04-24 Matsushita Electronics Corp Mercury vapor discharge lamp with radiation plane in envelope
US3870919A (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-03-11 Gen Electric Discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US3939538A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-02-24 General Electric Company Method of making discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US4321504A (en) * 1980-03-24 1982-03-23 Gte Products Corporation Low wattage metal halide arc discharge lamp
US4690652A (en) * 1983-08-12 1987-09-01 Heimann Gmbh Method of making a wall stabilized infrared flash tube
US4701664A (en) * 1986-01-09 1987-10-20 Becton, Dickinson And Company Mercury arc lamp suitable for inclusion in a flow cytometry apparatus
US20120176028A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Topanga Technologies, Inc. Arc tube device and stem structure for electrodeless plasma lamp
US9099291B2 (en) 2013-06-03 2015-08-04 Topanga Usa, Inc. Impedance tuning of an electrode-less plasma lamp
US9177779B1 (en) 2009-06-15 2015-11-03 Topanga Usa, Inc. Low profile electrodeless lamps with an externally-grounded probe

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4482842A (en) * 1980-10-01 1984-11-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Curved tube type ultra high pressure mercury arc discharge lamp device
US4466735A (en) * 1982-07-29 1984-08-21 Itek Corporation Half tone screen exposure apparatus

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2094694A (en) * 1934-11-05 1937-10-05 Gen Electric Vapor electric discharge device and method of operation
US2321178A (en) * 1940-10-14 1943-06-08 Gen Electric High pressure mercury vapor discharge device

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1808826A (en) * 1929-07-12 1931-06-09 George E Teasdale Luminescent tube
US2080914A (en) * 1935-01-19 1937-05-18 Gen Electric Gaseous electric discharge lamp
US2241968A (en) * 1939-06-21 1941-05-13 Gen Electric Light source
US2774013A (en) * 1949-04-07 1956-12-11 Gen Electric Electric discharge lamp
US2839673A (en) * 1956-04-30 1958-06-17 Kenneth H Wilcoxon Underwater lamp
US3211067A (en) * 1962-06-15 1965-10-12 Rauland Corp Method of exposing a multi-color target structure
US3545838A (en) * 1966-03-28 1970-12-08 Admiral Corp Temperature compensated collimator holder assembly
US3559546A (en) * 1967-11-01 1971-02-02 Sylvania Electric Prod Cathode ray tube screen exposure
NL6715342A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1967-11-11 1969-05-13
US3536946A (en) * 1967-12-07 1970-10-27 Sylvania Electric Prod Temperature-resistant reflective coating for quartz envelope

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2094694A (en) * 1934-11-05 1937-10-05 Gen Electric Vapor electric discharge device and method of operation
US2321178A (en) * 1940-10-14 1943-06-08 Gen Electric High pressure mercury vapor discharge device

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3729643A (en) * 1970-04-03 1973-04-24 Matsushita Electronics Corp Mercury vapor discharge lamp with radiation plane in envelope
US3870919A (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-03-11 Gen Electric Discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US3939538A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-02-24 General Electric Company Method of making discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US4321504A (en) * 1980-03-24 1982-03-23 Gte Products Corporation Low wattage metal halide arc discharge lamp
US4690652A (en) * 1983-08-12 1987-09-01 Heimann Gmbh Method of making a wall stabilized infrared flash tube
US4701664A (en) * 1986-01-09 1987-10-20 Becton, Dickinson And Company Mercury arc lamp suitable for inclusion in a flow cytometry apparatus
US9177779B1 (en) 2009-06-15 2015-11-03 Topanga Usa, Inc. Low profile electrodeless lamps with an externally-grounded probe
US9224568B2 (en) 2009-06-15 2015-12-29 Topanga Usa Arc tube device and stem structure for electrodeless plasma lamp
US20120176028A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Topanga Technologies, Inc. Arc tube device and stem structure for electrodeless plasma lamp
US8629616B2 (en) * 2011-01-11 2014-01-14 Topanga Technologies, Inc. Arc tube device and stem structure for electrodeless plasma lamp
US9099291B2 (en) 2013-06-03 2015-08-04 Topanga Usa, Inc. Impedance tuning of an electrode-less plasma lamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3727525A (en) 1973-04-17
NL6908937A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-31
FR2011793A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-03-06
JPS4810585B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-04
GB1270709A (en) 1972-04-12
DE1932173A1 (de) 1970-08-20
NL163670B (nl) 1980-04-15
NL163670C (nl) 1980-09-15

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