US3589859A - Gluconate salt inhibitors - Google Patents

Gluconate salt inhibitors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3589859A
US3589859A US673940A US3589859DA US3589859A US 3589859 A US3589859 A US 3589859A US 673940 A US673940 A US 673940A US 3589859D A US3589859D A US 3589859DA US 3589859 A US3589859 A US 3589859A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gluconate
corrosion
inhibitor
sodium
water
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US673940A
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English (en)
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Zisis Andrew Foroulis
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/12—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C23F11/124—Carboxylic acids
    • C23F11/126—Aliphatic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
    • A44B19/42—Making by processes not fully provided for in one other class, e.g. B21D53/50, B21F45/18, B22D17/16, B29D5/00
    • A44B19/52—Securing the interlocking members to stringer tapes while making the latter
    • A44B19/54—Securing the interlocking members to stringer tapes while making the latter while weaving the stringer tapes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/12—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C23F11/124—Carboxylic acids

Definitions

  • Heat picked up by the water in most systems is passed on to the atmosphere by passing air through the heated water in cooling towers or equivalent types of equipment.
  • a substantial amount of air dissolves in the cooling water and is circulated throughout the cooling system.
  • Steel, Admiralty metal, copper and in particular carbon steels are the most commonly used materials in such systems and unfortunately such materials are particularly prone to oxidative attack.
  • gluconate salts surprisingly exhibit a higher degree of inhibition efliciency at temperatures above ambient temperature. For example, increasing the temperature from about 77 F. to about 120 F. can result in an increase of about 5% in inhibitor efiiciency which will more than compensate for any increase in the rate of corrosion due to the temperature rise. Thus, one Will observe a lower absolute corrosion rate at the higher temperature than for the lower temperature when using a gluconate salt inhibitor, although the corrosion rate on an uninhibited sample blank will nearly double for the same rise in temperature. Obviously, this temperature eifect will be most useful in Water cooling systems where temperatures of about 120 F. are not uncommon.
  • gluconate salts will interact synergistically with other corrosion inhibitors such as for example the salts of organic acids, particularly the salts of an aromatic acid to yield a mixture which is more effective than either of its components alone.
  • other corrosion inhibitors such as for example the salts of organic acids, particularly the salts of an aromatic acid to yield a mixture which is more effective than either of its components alone.
  • a mixture of a gluconate salt and a benzoate salt or a mixture of a gluconate salt and a salicylate salt will yield an extremely effective composition for inhibiting oxidative corrosion in water cooling systems.
  • the gluconate salts of preference for use in inhibiting corrosion in the practice of the present invention include the alkali metal and the ammonium salts.
  • the alkali metal and the ammonium salts include the alkali metal and the ammonium salts.
  • lithium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate and ammonium gluconate are eminently suitable for use herein.
  • the most preferred salt is sodium gluconate. This material is an article of commerce and is readily available at relatively low cost.
  • the gluconate salts will be used in a concentration in the range between about 1 to 4000 p.p.m., more preferably in the range between about to 2000 ppm.
  • the inhibitor may be added as a solid to the cooling water system in an amount sufficient to yield the desired concentration. It is also possible to add the gluconate salt as a concentrated aqueous solution also in the desired amount to yield the requisite concentration.
  • a single treatment with the gluconate salt inhibitor by the method disclosed above will be suflicient to adequately protect a cooling water system for up to 2 to 3 Weeks.
  • the desired proportions of the inhibitors in the mixture are in the range of from 0.001 to 0.4 Wt. percent gluconate, preferably from 0.010 to 0.10 wt. percent and from 0.001 to 0.40 wt. percent benzoate or salicylate, preferably from 0.010 to 0.10 Wt. percent.
  • synergistic mixture contains equal quantities by weight of each component.
  • the desired range of concentrations for the synergistic mixture in Water is from 10 to 4000 p.p.m., preferably from 100 to 2000 p.p.m.
  • Example 1 This example demonstrates the eflicacy of sodium gluconate as an inhibitor of oxidative corrosion in carbon steel exposed to water containing a substantial quantity of dissolved oxygen.
  • the test procedure involves placing a small specimen of known weight of 1020 carbon steel (1" x 4 x A2") in water through which air is constantly being bubbled. The concentration of dissolved oxygen will thus be kept at a very high level and will duplicate a long period of exposure of the metal in a cooling water system environment.
  • a second piece of 1020 carbon steel of known weight is placed in water which is also saturated with air by means of a bubbler.
  • a desired quantity of the corrosion inhibitor is dissolved in this water.
  • the temperature of both the blank and test solutions are maintained at a fixed desired level by means of a water bath or other form of temperature regulator known to the art.
  • test solution The specimens before their introduction in the test solution are abraded through 40 emery paper, degreased in benzene, pickled in dilute sulfuric acid and washed in distilled water. Immediately after drying the specimens are weighed and placed in the test solution.
  • the samples are removed, cleaned with a soft brush, washed with water, then acetone and are weighed after drying.
  • the amount of the corroded metal is determined by weight loss by weighing before and after the test.
  • the eifectiveness of an inhibitor to reduce corrosion is expressed as percent inhibitor efficiency where I is the corrosion rate without and I the corrosion rate with inhibi or.
  • Example 2 This example also demonstrates the effectiveness of sodium gluconate as corrosion inhibitor for cooling water corrosion systems. In addition, this example illustrates the variation of the corrosion inhibitor efiiciency with the inhibitor concentration and defines the threshold inhibitor concentration of about 50 to p.p.m. for effective corrosion control.
  • Example 3 This example demonstrates the surprising synergism resulting from combining sodium gluconate with sodium benzoate as oxidative corrosion inhibitors.
  • the test procedure utilized for this demonstration was that of Exampie 1, with the exception that the temperature used in this case was 120 F.
  • the results of the synergism experiments are compiled below in Table III.
  • Example 4 TABLE IV [oxidative corrosion inhibition by potassium gluconate for 1020 carbon steel in air saturated tap water at 120" F. (4 days runs)] Corrosion Percent rate, inhibitor Inhibitor concentration mgJdmfi/day efiiciency Blank 93. 7 1 p.p.m. potassium gluconate 30.6 p.p.m. potassium gluconate 85. 3 9. 0 100 p.p.m. potassium gluconate"-.. 87 7. 2 1,000 p.p.m. potassium gluconat 5. 2 04. 4
  • Example 5 This example demonstrates the synergism resulting from combining sodium gluconate with sodium salicylate as corrosion inhibitor for cooling water systems. The same test procedure was utilized as in Example 1 cited earlier. The temperature of testing was 120 The results of these experiments are compiled in Table V.
  • Example 6 This example demonstrates the corrosion inhibition properties of another salt form of the gluconate series.
  • ammonium gluconate was tested by the procedure of Example 1 and the results are summarized in Table VI.
  • An improved method for inhibiting metal oxidative corrosion in circulating cooling water systems in which the cooling water contains substantial amounts of dissolved air consisting essentially of adding corrosion inhibiting amounts of a water soluble gluconate salt and a water soluble benzoate or salicylate salt to said water.
  • gluconate salt concentration in the range between 1 to 4000 p.p.m. is added to said cooling water system, said gluconate salt being selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal and. ammonium salts of gluconate.
  • gluconate salt and said benzoate or salicylate salt are each added to said cooling water system in concentrations of about 100 to about 2000 p.p.m., said gluconate salt being selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal and ammonium gluconate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
US673940A 1967-10-09 1967-10-09 Gluconate salt inhibitors Expired - Lifetime US3589859A (en)

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US67394067A 1967-10-09 1967-10-09

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US3589859A true US3589859A (en) 1971-06-29

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US (1) US3589859A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1936990A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2054945A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1238205A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6912310A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (43)

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US4093557A (en) * 1976-09-16 1978-06-06 Hercules Incorporated Process for inhibiting corrosion of metals in aqueous systems
US5000916A (en) * 1989-07-17 1991-03-19 Amax Inc. Molybdate-gluconate corrosion inhibitor
US5244600A (en) * 1992-03-02 1993-09-14 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Method of scavenging oxygen in aqueous systems
US5330683A (en) * 1992-04-16 1994-07-19 Nalco Chemical Company Method of inhibiting corrosion in brine solutions
US5589106A (en) * 1995-02-14 1996-12-31 Nalco Chemical Company Carbon steel corrosion inhibitors
US5597514A (en) * 1995-01-24 1997-01-28 Cortec Corporation Corrosion inhibitor for reducing corrosion in metallic concrete reinforcements
US5750053A (en) * 1995-01-24 1998-05-12 Cortec Corporation Corrosion inhibitor for reducing corrosion in metallic concrete reinforcements
US20010004461A1 (en) * 1998-06-01 2001-06-21 Moore Robert M. Continuous processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal compositions
US6299909B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2001-10-09 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US6348219B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2002-02-19 Albemarle Corporation Processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal compositions
US6352725B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2002-03-05 Albemarle Corporation Continuous processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal composition
US6375991B1 (en) 2000-09-08 2002-04-23 Albemarle Corporation Production of concentrated biocidal solutions
US6506418B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2003-01-14 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US6511682B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2003-01-28 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US20030113402A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-06-19 Howarth Jonathan N. Microbiological control in animal processing
US20030211210A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-11-13 Howarth Jonathan N. Microbiological control in poultry processing
US6652889B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2003-11-25 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation and use
US20060004072A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2006-01-05 Howarth Jonathan N Microbiological control in animal processing
US7087251B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2006-08-08 Albemarle Corporation Control of biofilm
US20060278586A1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2006-12-14 Nalepa Christopher J Highly concentrated, biocidally active compositions and aqueous mixtures and methods of making the same
US20090053327A1 (en) * 2004-09-07 2009-02-26 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US20090081317A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2009-03-26 Albemarle Corporation Microbiocidal Control in the Processing of Meat-Producing Four-Legged Animals
US20090110768A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2009-04-30 Albemarle Corporation Microbiocidal Control in the Processing of Meat-Producing Four-Legged Animals
US20090131259A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Kiely Donald E Hydroxypolyamide Gel Forming Agents
US20090250653A1 (en) * 2006-08-07 2009-10-08 Kiely Donald E Hydroxycarboxylic Acids and Salts
US20100111756A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 General Electric Company Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion in aqueous media
US20100111757A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 General Electric Company Methods for inhibiting corrosion in aqueous media
US7828908B1 (en) 2010-03-31 2010-11-09 Ecolab USA, Inc. Acid cleaning and corrosion inhibiting compositions comprising gluconic acid
US7914365B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2011-03-29 Albemarle Corporation Microbiocidal control in the processing of meat-producing four-legged animals
US8293795B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2012-10-23 Albemarle Corporation Preparation of concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and biocidal applications thereof
US8414932B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2013-04-09 Albemarie Corporation Active bromine containing biocidal compositions and their preparation
US8536106B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2013-09-17 Ecolab Usa Inc. Ferric hydroxycarboxylate as a builder
US9096787B2 (en) 2012-11-28 2015-08-04 Rivertop Renewables Corrosion inhibiting, freezing point lowering compositions
US9162959B2 (en) 2006-08-07 2015-10-20 The University Of Montana Method of oxidation using nitric acid
US9187398B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-11-17 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Nitric acid oxidation processes
US9347024B2 (en) 2011-04-21 2016-05-24 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Calcium sequestering composition
US9346736B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-05-24 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Oxidation process
US9404188B2 (en) 2010-11-11 2016-08-02 Rivertop Renewables Corrosion inhibiting composition
US9670124B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-06-06 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Nitric acid oxidation process
WO2020251885A1 (en) * 2019-06-12 2020-12-17 Diversey Inc. Synergistic cleaning disinfectant solution with enhanced stability, and methods of using the same
EP3916127A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-01 AloxX GmbH Composition and method for inhibition of corrosion of metals or metal alloys
CN115074738A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-09-20 山东国智新材料科技有限公司 一种绿色环保的多元复合气相缓蚀剂及其制备方法
US12037538B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-07-16 Ecolab Usa Inc. Synergistic blends of fluoro-inorganics and inorganic acids for removing deposits and stimulating geothermal wells

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DE3223940A1 (de) * 1982-06-26 1983-12-29 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Behandlungsfluessigkeit zum korrosionsschutz von metalloberflaechen und konzentrat zu deren herstellung
CA2134908A1 (en) * 1993-11-04 1995-05-05 Kaveh Sotoudeh Closed cooling system corrosion inhibitors
DE4444878A1 (de) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-20 Henkel Kgaa Stickstofffreie Korrosionsinhibitoren mit guter Pufferwirkung
USD740917S1 (en) 2013-03-16 2015-10-13 Kohler Co. Shower faceplate for shower device
MD4321C1 (ro) * 2014-01-21 2015-09-30 Институт Химии Академии Наук Молдовы Inhibitor de coroziune a oţelului în apă

Cited By (77)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4093557A (en) * 1976-09-16 1978-06-06 Hercules Incorporated Process for inhibiting corrosion of metals in aqueous systems
US5000916A (en) * 1989-07-17 1991-03-19 Amax Inc. Molybdate-gluconate corrosion inhibitor
US5244600A (en) * 1992-03-02 1993-09-14 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Method of scavenging oxygen in aqueous systems
EP0644274A1 (en) * 1992-03-02 1995-03-22 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Method of scavenging oxygen in aqueous systems
US5330683A (en) * 1992-04-16 1994-07-19 Nalco Chemical Company Method of inhibiting corrosion in brine solutions
US5597514A (en) * 1995-01-24 1997-01-28 Cortec Corporation Corrosion inhibitor for reducing corrosion in metallic concrete reinforcements
US5750053A (en) * 1995-01-24 1998-05-12 Cortec Corporation Corrosion inhibitor for reducing corrosion in metallic concrete reinforcements
US5589106A (en) * 1995-02-14 1996-12-31 Nalco Chemical Company Carbon steel corrosion inhibitors
US7087251B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2006-08-08 Albemarle Corporation Control of biofilm
US8293795B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2012-10-23 Albemarle Corporation Preparation of concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and biocidal applications thereof
US6306441B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2001-10-23 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US6322822B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2001-11-27 Albemarle Corporation Biocidal applications of concentrated aqueous bromine chloride solutions
US6348219B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2002-02-19 Albemarle Corporation Processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal compositions
US6352725B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2002-03-05 Albemarle Corporation Continuous processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal composition
US7195782B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2007-03-27 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US6495169B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2002-12-17 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US8414932B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2013-04-09 Albemarie Corporation Active bromine containing biocidal compositions and their preparation
US6511682B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2003-01-28 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US8409630B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2013-04-02 Albermarle Corporation Continuous processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal compositions
US8048435B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2011-11-01 Albemarle Corporation Preparation of concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and biocidal applications thereof
US20090246295A1 (en) * 1998-06-01 2009-10-01 Albemarle Corporation Preparation of concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and biocidal applications thereof
US6652889B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2003-11-25 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation and use
US20010004461A1 (en) * 1998-06-01 2001-06-21 Moore Robert M. Continuous processes for preparing concentrated aqueous liquid biocidal compositions
US20050147696A1 (en) * 1998-06-01 2005-07-07 Moore Robert M.Jr. Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation and use
US8679548B2 (en) 1998-06-01 2014-03-25 Albemarle Corporation Active bromine containing biocidal compositions and their preparation
US6299909B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2001-10-09 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US6506418B1 (en) 1999-09-24 2003-01-14 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US6869620B2 (en) 2000-09-08 2005-03-22 Albemarle Corporation Production of concentrated biocidal solutions
US20040219231A1 (en) * 2000-09-08 2004-11-04 Moore Robert M Production of concentrated biocidal solutions
US6551624B2 (en) 2000-09-08 2003-04-22 Albemarle Corporation Production of concentrated biocidal solutions
US6375991B1 (en) 2000-09-08 2002-04-23 Albemarle Corporation Production of concentrated biocidal solutions
US6908636B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2005-06-21 Albermarle Corporation Microbiological control in poultry processing
US7172782B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2007-02-06 Albemarle Corporation Microbiological control in poultry processing
US7182966B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2007-02-27 Albemarle Corporation Microbiological control in poultry processing
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US6986910B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2006-01-17 Albemarle Corporation Microbiological control in poultry processing
US20060004072A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2006-01-05 Howarth Jonathan N Microbiological control in animal processing
US6919364B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2005-07-19 Solution Biosciences, Inc. Microbiological control in animal processing
US20050100643A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2005-05-12 Howarth Jonathan N. Microbiological control in poultry processing
US20030211210A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-11-13 Howarth Jonathan N. Microbiological control in poultry processing
US20030113402A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-06-19 Howarth Jonathan N. Microbiological control in animal processing
US20090110768A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2009-04-30 Albemarle Corporation Microbiocidal Control in the Processing of Meat-Producing Four-Legged Animals
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US20090053327A1 (en) * 2004-09-07 2009-02-26 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US9005671B2 (en) 2004-09-07 2015-04-14 Albemarle Corporation Concentrated aqueous bromine solutions and their preparation
US20090081317A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2009-03-26 Albemarle Corporation Microbiocidal Control in the Processing of Meat-Producing Four-Legged Animals
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US20060278586A1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2006-12-14 Nalepa Christopher J Highly concentrated, biocidally active compositions and aqueous mixtures and methods of making the same
US7914365B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2011-03-29 Albemarle Corporation Microbiocidal control in the processing of meat-producing four-legged animals
US9162959B2 (en) 2006-08-07 2015-10-20 The University Of Montana Method of oxidation using nitric acid
US8961813B2 (en) 2006-08-07 2015-02-24 The University Of Montana Hydroxycarboxylic acids and salts
US20090250653A1 (en) * 2006-08-07 2009-10-08 Kiely Donald E Hydroxycarboxylic Acids and Salts
US20090131259A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Kiely Donald E Hydroxypolyamide Gel Forming Agents
US8623943B2 (en) 2007-11-15 2014-01-07 The University Of Montana Hydroxypolyamide gel forming agents
US9505882B2 (en) 2007-11-15 2016-11-29 The University Of Montana Hydroxypolyamide gel forming agents
US9315624B2 (en) 2007-11-15 2016-04-19 The University Of Montana Hydroxypolyamide gel forming agents
US20100111757A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 General Electric Company Methods for inhibiting corrosion in aqueous media
US8025840B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2011-09-27 General Electric Company Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion in aqueous media
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US20100111756A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 General Electric Company Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion in aqueous media
US7828908B1 (en) 2010-03-31 2010-11-09 Ecolab USA, Inc. Acid cleaning and corrosion inhibiting compositions comprising gluconic acid
US9023780B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2015-05-05 Ecolab Usa Inc. Ferric hydroxycarboxylate as a builder
US8536106B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2013-09-17 Ecolab Usa Inc. Ferric hydroxycarboxylate as a builder
US9404188B2 (en) 2010-11-11 2016-08-02 Rivertop Renewables Corrosion inhibiting composition
US9347024B2 (en) 2011-04-21 2016-05-24 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Calcium sequestering composition
US9096787B2 (en) 2012-11-28 2015-08-04 Rivertop Renewables Corrosion inhibiting, freezing point lowering compositions
US9346736B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-05-24 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Oxidation process
US9187398B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-11-17 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Nitric acid oxidation processes
US9670124B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-06-06 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Nitric acid oxidation process
US9758462B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-09-12 Rivertop Renewables, Inc. Nitric acid oxidation processes
US12037538B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-07-16 Ecolab Usa Inc. Synergistic blends of fluoro-inorganics and inorganic acids for removing deposits and stimulating geothermal wells
WO2020251885A1 (en) * 2019-06-12 2020-12-17 Diversey Inc. Synergistic cleaning disinfectant solution with enhanced stability, and methods of using the same
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EP3916127A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-01 AloxX GmbH Composition and method for inhibition of corrosion of metals or metal alloys
WO2021239685A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 Aloxx Gmbh Use of a composition for inhibition of corrosion of metals or metal alloys and method for inhibition of corrosion of metals or metal alloys
CN115074738A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-09-20 山东国智新材料科技有限公司 一种绿色环保的多元复合气相缓蚀剂及其制备方法
CN115074738B (zh) * 2022-06-13 2024-03-08 山东国智新材料科技有限公司 一种绿色环保的多元复合气相缓蚀剂及其制备方法

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NL6912310A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-02-16
GB1238205A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-07
DE1936990A1 (de) 1971-02-04
FR2054945A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-05-07

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