US3588281A - Method and apparatus for the pumping of fluids at substantially constant flow rate - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the pumping of fluids at substantially constant flow rate Download PDF

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Publication number
US3588281A
US3588281A US844545A US3588281DA US3588281A US 3588281 A US3588281 A US 3588281A US 844545 A US844545 A US 844545A US 3588281D A US3588281D A US 3588281DA US 3588281 A US3588281 A US 3588281A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pump
sample
tube
compressible
fluid
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Expired - Lifetime
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US844545A
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English (en)
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Jack Isreeli
Aaron Kassel
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Technicon Corp
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Technicon Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/12—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action
    • F04B43/1223—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action the actuating elements, e.g. rollers, moving in a straight line during squeezing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/08—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a stream of discrete samples flowing along a tube system, e.g. flow injection analysis

Definitions

  • said fluid pump means which comprises one or more compressible pump tubes and are operable to pump a series of fluid samples therethrough by the repeated, longitudinally progressive compression or occlusion of said pump tubes by a series of spaced pump rollers, embody an inherent variation in the pump delivery rate as caused by a pulsation which occurs every time one of said pump rollers discontinues occluding contact with said compressible pump tube.
  • said fluid pump means require, for example pump tube-occluding contacts by said rollers with said compressible pump tube, and accordingly 30 discontinuations in such contacts, for the pumping of each of said fluid samples, it may be understood that 30 of said pulsations will occur for the pumping of each said fluid samples with resultant adverse effect upon the requisite, substantially constant sample flow rate.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of method and apparatus as above which are operable to provide said accurate, substantially constant fluid sample flow rate despite substantial decrease in the latter as compared to the fluid sample flow rates provided by similar pumping apparatus of the prior art.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of method and apparatus as above which make possible substantial decrease in the rate at which said apparatus must be operated to provide a desired fluid sample per unit time pumping rate to thus substantially increase the useful life and reliability of said apparatus.
  • a further object of this invention is the provision of apparatus as above which require the use of only readily available components of proven dependability in the fabrication thereof to insure long periods of satisfactory, maintenancefree apparatus operation.
  • a still further object of this invention is the provision of method and apparatus as above which are particularly adaptable for use in new and improved, reduced fluid sample volume and flow rate, and increased fluid sample analysis rate, versions of fluid sample treatment and analysis means in the nature ofthose shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,241,432.
  • the method and apparatus of this invention are embodied by a compressible tube pump which is operatively associated associated with fluid sample supply means and is operable to pump a stream of a series of fluid sample portions, spaced each from the other by a separating fluid portion, through the said pump at substantially constant flow rate.
  • said pump comprises a plurality of substantially equally spaced pump rollers which are operative to concomitantly progressively occlude the compressible pump tube longitudinally thereof, and said sample supply means and said pump are arranged so that said pump tube is occluded by said pump rollers only at locations thereon corresponding to the locations therein of some, at least, of said separating fluid portions, whereby one or more of said fluid sample portions will be located in said pump tube entirely between said occluded pump tube locations to significantly reduce the effect of inherent operational pump pulsations upon pump flow rate and provide for the substantial accuracy and uniformity of the latter.
  • FIG. I is a view in the nature of a side elevational view, with parts in cross section and parts in perspective, illustrating the method and apparatus of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plot of pump delivery versus time of the apparatus ofFlG. l;
  • FIG. 3 is a generally schematic flow diagram of the method and apparatus of the invention as applied to new and improved versions of the fluid sample treatment and analysis means of the nature disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,241,432.
  • FIG. I new and improved compressible tube pump means constructed and operative in accordance with the method and apparatus teachings of this invention are indicated generally at 10 and are depicted in operative relationship with sample supply means as indicated generally at 12.
  • the sample supply means 12 may, for example, take the form ofthose shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,134,263 issued May 26, I964 to Edward B. M. Delong, and comprise a turntable 14 upon which is disposed a generally circular array of sample containers 16.
  • a sample offtake device is indicated at 18 and comprises a sample offtake tube 20 and offtake tube operating means 22, respectively.
  • a wash liquid receptacle 24 is disposed as shown adjacent the turntable l4, while sample supply device drive means are indicated at 26 and are operative to drive each of the turntable l4 and the sample offtake device I8 as indicated by the dashed lines extending therebetween.
  • the turntable 14 is intermittently rotated, or indexed, to present each of the sample containers 16 to the sample offtake device 18, while the latter is in turn operated to immerse the inlet end of ofl'take tube 20in a thusly presented sample container for a predetermined period of time to aspirate (as described in detail hereinbelow) a measured volume of the sample therefrom, to then transfer the said offtake tube inlet end through the ambient air for immersion in the wash liquid receptacle for a predetermined period of time to thus aspirate a measured volume of ambient air followed by a measured volume of said wash liquid, and to then again transfer the said offtake tube inlet end through the ambient air for immersion in the next presented sample container 16 for a predetermined period of time to thus aspirate another measured volume of ambient air and commence the aspiration ofa measured volume of the sample from said next said presented sample container.
  • the compressible tube or peristaltic pump may, for example, take the general form of that shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,227,09l issued Jan. 4, 1966 to Jack lsreeli et al., and comprises spaced pump tube mounting blocks as indicated at 32 and 34.
  • a compressible pump tube 36 which is made from any suitably resilient material of appropriate strength characteristics in the nature, for example, of silicone rubber, is extended as shown between the said pump tube mounting blocks and affixed thereto by means of the placement of said pump tube in nonillustrated complementally shaped aligned mounting grooves formed in said pump tube mounting blocks, and the attachment of adjustably positionable collar elements 38 and 40, as shown to opposite end portions of said pump tube, all in a manner made clear in US. Pat. No. 3,227,091.
  • the inlet end of the compressible pump tube 36 is connected as indicated at 41 to the outlet end of the sample offtake tube 20.
  • a pump roller assembly is indicated generally at 42 and comprises an endless chain 14 which is disposed as shown around a chain guide member 46 and is driveable therearound in the indicated clockwise direction through the driven rotation ofa chain drive sprocket 48.
  • a plurality of substantially equally spaced pump rollers 50 are rotatably mounted in any convenient manner on endless chain 64 as shown, whereby may be understood that those of said rollers which are, at any given point in time, mounted on the upper throw of the endless chain 4 4 will be movable with the latter in the direction from left to right as seen in FIG. I.
  • endless chain 64 As shown, it may be understood that at least two of the same would be provided in spaced, general alignment, and that the respective pump rollers would, of course, extend therebetween.
  • a pump platen is indicated at 52 and may be understood to be movable from a nonillustrated open" position thereof to the depicted closed" position thereof wherein the pump tube 36 will be disposed within a nonillustrated, complementally shaped groove formed in the undersurface of said platen, and will be forced to conform with the configuration of the bottom surface 54 of said groove and pressed thereby against the respective relevant rollers 50, all again as described in detail in said U.S. Pat. No. 3,227,09l.
  • Pump drive means which may, for example, take the form of any suitable electric motor, are indicated at 56, and are operatively connected, as indicated by the dashed line, to the chain drive sprocket 48 to drivingly rotate the latter.
  • the operation of sample supply device drive means 26 is synchronized with the operation ofthe pump drive means 56, and this may be understood to be indicated in the drawings by the extension of lead 58 therebetween.
  • a single drive means in the nature of a suitable electric drive motor may be provided and operatively connected, as by conventional mechanical connecting means, to both the pump i0 and the sample supply device 12 to drive the same in the described synchronized manner.
  • the compressible pump tube 10 and the sample supply device l2-or, more specifically, the respective drive means therefore-are arranged so that the arrival of each pump roller 50 at the position thereof wherein occlusion of the compressible tube 36 is commenced thereby, will substantially coincide with the arrival ofa wash liquid segment W at the corresponding position in said pump tube.
  • said internal diameters are not substantially the same, it may be understood that said combined length would, of necessity, be chosen to provide for the desired coincidence between the arrival of each wash liquid segment W at the W5 wash liquid segment position, and each of the pump rollers 50 at the 50A pump roller position.
  • the said pump rollers will respectively move through the 50D and 50C pump roller positions, whereby the said sample portion, as still disposed thcrebetween, will be flowed through the depicted S3 sample portion position, and the leading or downstream roller will commence as indicated to discontinue occluding contact with the portion of the compressible pump tube 36 through which is flowing the leading or upstream wash liquid segment as now indicated at W2.
  • Operation as described of the compressible tube pump and the sample supply device 12 is, of course, continuous and will result in the supply as depicted of a series of fluid sample portions from the respective sample containers 16 to the nonillustrated, operatively connected sample treatment and analysis means, with said sample portions being spaced as depicted, each from the other, by an intervening segment of air A, wash liquid W, and air A, respectively.
  • FIG. 3 A representative application of the method and apparatus of the invention to new and improved versions of the sample treatment and analysis means as shown and described in said US. Pat. No. 3,241,432 is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • 300 sample containers each containing a relatively small volume of an undiluted blood serum sample, are provided on a turntable 14 of the sample supply means 12, while each of the sample supplied therefrom is flowed from the outlet end of offtake tube 20, through a readily bendable connecting conduit 60, to the inlet of sample portion splitting manifold means 62 which may, for example, take the form of those shown and described in our copending application for Ser. No. 872,816, filed Oct. 31, I969, and assigned to the assignee hereof.
  • the manifold means 62 will be effective to split each sample portion into 16 subportions or quotients and, through the provision of i6 compressible pump tubes 36a through 36p, inclusive, and the connection as illustrated of the inlet of each of said compressible pump tubes to an outlet of said manifold means, simultaneously flow said sample quotients in substantially perfect phase relationship through said pump tubes for subsequent flow as indicated to nonillustrated, operatively connected sample treatment and analysis means.
  • pump drive means 56 would be arranged to operate compressible pump tube 10 to pump 300 sample portion quotients through each of said compressible pump tubes 16a through 16p, inclusive, per hour, while sample supply device drive means would be synchronized therewith to supply 300 sample portions per hour to the inlet ofmanifold means 62.
  • each of said sample portion quotients to be located entirely between adjacent pump rollers in each of said compressible pump tubes, and said pump rollers spaced, for example, 2 inches apart, it becomes possible to drive pump 10 only at the extremely low rate required to provide for 2 inches of pump roller movement longitudinally of said compressible pump tubes per 12 second interval, as compared, for example, to the 10 inches of such roller movement required in the said 12 second interval by present analysis means.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention would be applicable for use in instances wherein no wash liquid segments W, but rather, only air segments A were provided between sample portion, in which instances the respective pump rollers would be effective to occlude the compressible pump tube or tubes at locations thereon coinciding with the locations therein of said air segments A to, in any event, maintain one or more of said sample portions between adjacent of said pump rollers.
  • the locations of said pump tube occlusions would, of course, coincide with the locations in said pump tube of said wash liquid segments.
  • each of said fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • each of said separating fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • said occluding of said compressible pump tube comprises the occluding thereof at substantially equally spaced locations thereon.
  • said occluding of said compressible pump tube comprises the occluding thereof at spaced locations thereon corresponding to the location therein of each of said separating fluid portions, whereby each of said fluid portions will be located in said compressible tube between said occluded locations thereon.
  • each of said fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • each of said separating fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • said occluding of said compressible pump tube comprises the occluding thereof at substantially equally spaced locations thereon.
  • each of said separating fluid portions comprises a segment of air, a segment of liquid, and a segment of air, respectively, disposed in that order between said fluid portions, and said occluding of said compressible pump tube comprises the occluding thereof at locations thereon corresponding to the location therein of a said liquid segment.
  • each ofsaid separating fluid portions comprises a segment of air, a segment of liquid, and a segment of air, respectively, disposed in that order between said fluid portions, and said occluding of said compressible pump tube comprises the occluding thereof at locations thereon corresponding to the location therein of a said liquid segment.
  • each of said fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • each of said separating fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • said occluding of said compressible pump tube comprises the occluding thereof at substantially equally spaced locations thereon.
  • each of said fluid portions is ofsubstantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • each of said separating fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • said means to occlude such pump tube are effective to occlude the same at substantially equally spaced locations thereon.
  • said means to occlude said compressible pump tube are effective to occlude the same at locations thereon corresponding to the location therein of each ofsaid separating fluid portions, whereby each of said fluid portions will be located in said compressible pump tube between said occluded locations thereon.
  • each of said fluid portions is of substantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • each of said separating fluid portions is ofsubstantially equal extent in said compressible pump tube
  • said means to occlude said pump tube are effective to occlude the same at substantially equally spaced locations thereon.
  • each of said separating fluid portions comprises a segment of air, a segment of liquid, and a segment of air, respectively disposed in that order between said fluid portions, and said occluded locations on said compressible pump tube correspond to the locations therein of said liquid segments.
  • each of said separating fluid portions comprises a segment of air, a segment of liquid, a segment of air, respectively disposed in that order between said fluid portions, and said occluded locations on said compressible pump tube correspond to the locations therein ofsaid liquid segments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
US844545A 1969-07-24 1969-07-24 Method and apparatus for the pumping of fluids at substantially constant flow rate Expired - Lifetime US3588281A (en)

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US84454569A 1969-07-24 1969-07-24

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US3588281A true US3588281A (en) 1971-06-28

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US (1) US3588281A (de)
AU (1) AU1737870A (de)
BE (1) BE753824A (de)
CH (1) CH510201A (de)
DE (1) DE2035768A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2055515A5 (de)
NL (1) NL7010592A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3628891A (en) * 1970-09-14 1971-12-21 Technicon Corp Method for the minimization of the effects of pulsations in intermittent pumping systems
US3730650A (en) * 1970-09-14 1973-05-01 Technicon Instr Peristaltic pump and system therefor
US4233001A (en) * 1979-02-28 1980-11-11 Peerless Electronics Research Corporation Peristaltic pump
US20060228240A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-12 Lancer Partnership, Ltd. Method and apparatus for a linear peristaltic pump
US20110060284A1 (en) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-10 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Compact peristaltic medical pump

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE380625B (sv) * 1973-11-23 1975-11-10 Bjoerklund K B Forfarande for serieutspedning av en forutbestemd volym av ett fluidum samt anordning for genomforande av forfarandet
DE3108179A1 (de) * 1981-03-04 1982-09-16 Heinz 7230 Schramberg Scheithauer Vorrichtung zum dosieren von kleinstmengen

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3628891A (en) * 1970-09-14 1971-12-21 Technicon Corp Method for the minimization of the effects of pulsations in intermittent pumping systems
US3730650A (en) * 1970-09-14 1973-05-01 Technicon Instr Peristaltic pump and system therefor
US4233001A (en) * 1979-02-28 1980-11-11 Peerless Electronics Research Corporation Peristaltic pump
US20060228240A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-12 Lancer Partnership, Ltd. Method and apparatus for a linear peristaltic pump
US20110060284A1 (en) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-10 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Compact peristaltic medical pump
US8241018B2 (en) 2009-09-10 2012-08-14 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Compact peristaltic medical pump
US8882481B2 (en) 2009-09-10 2014-11-11 Covidien Lp Compact peristaltic medical pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2055515A5 (de) 1971-05-07
BE753824A (fr) 1971-01-25
AU1737870A (en) 1972-01-13
CH510201A (de) 1971-07-15
NL7010592A (de) 1971-01-26
DE2035768A1 (de) 1971-03-11

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