US3584678A - Orifice plate for spinning fine diameter wire - Google Patents

Orifice plate for spinning fine diameter wire Download PDF

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Publication number
US3584678A
US3584678A US845336A US3584678DA US3584678A US 3584678 A US3584678 A US 3584678A US 845336 A US845336 A US 845336A US 3584678D A US3584678D A US 3584678DA US 3584678 A US3584678 A US 3584678A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
orifice
beryllium oxide
spinning
molten
percent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US845336A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence F Rakestraw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Monsanto Chemicals Ltd
Monsanto Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Monsanto Chemicals Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Monsanto Chemicals Ltd filed Critical Monsanto Chemicals Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3584678A publication Critical patent/US3584678A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/005—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
    • C03B37/083—Nozzles; Bushing nozzle plates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/08—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on beryllium oxide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D01D4/022—Processes or materials for the preparation of spinnerettes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00—Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/19—Nozzle materials

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT High density, high purity polycrystalline and single crystal beryllium oxide orifice plates have been success- [56] Rekmnm CM fully employed in wire manufacturing processes which com- UNITED STATES PATENTS prise spinning molten metals through fine diameter orifices as 1,919,027 7/1933 Klotzman 239/D1G. 19 molten metallic jets.
  • this invention relates to improvements in spinning processes and assemblies employed for melt spinning of metals and alloys thereof in the manufacture of fine diameter wire.
  • the apparatus employed to facilitate spinning of molten filamentary jets in forming fine diameter wire generally comprises a crucible having an orifice in its base, either as a part of the crucible base, or preferably, as an orifice insert.
  • the crucible is provided with means for melting the metallic charge and maintaining a desired degree of superheat for the molten metal charge contained in the crucible and, additionally, means for applying a positive pressure to the head of the molten charge to force the molten metal through the orifice at desirable jet velocities.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a representative unit useful for spinning fine diameter wire where a molten metal is contained in crucible 2 having base plate 3, the crucible and base plate being supported on pedestal 4 and enclosed within an insulating cylinder 5 and a susceptor 6 employed in conjunction with induction heating coils 7.
  • the unit is pressurized within by a pressure source 8 through top 9.
  • Sealing rings 10 serve to maintain the pressure within the enclosure and prohibit leakage past the base plate.
  • the molten metal 1 is forced through orifice 11 in orifice plate 12 by the'force of pressure supplied by pressure source 8 at sufficient velocities to provide a filamentary shaped molten jet 13.
  • the nascent jet passes through a film-forming atmosphere contained within the cavity 14 generally provided by the pedestal 4.
  • the requirements for materials used to define fine diameter orifices in melt spinning processes are critical to the successful operation of prolonged spinning. initially, the material must be resistant to thermal fracture generally caused by elevating the temperature and by temperature gradients across the face of the disc during the spinning operation. insofar as it is desirable to employ orifices having aspect ratios of between about l and 20 the orifice defining plate or disc from which fine: diameter wire is spun is usually quite thin in the vicinity of the orifice and yet its strength at the spinning temperature, of steel for example, must be of such magnitude that it can withstand the high pressure necessary to force the molten metal through the small orifice at reasonably high velocities.
  • a suitable orifice defining member of a spinning assembly must adhere to a combination of physical and chemi cal requirements.
  • polycrystalline beryllium oxide having a density of greater than percent of the theoretical density and purity of at least 99.5 percent and single crystal beryllium oxide serve well as orifice defining materials in the spinning of molten metals without significant problems of thermal or mechanical failure, chemical reactivity, or orifice erosion or occlusion due to the solubility characteristics of beryllia.
  • Plates or discs of single crystal or polycrystalline beryllia can be readily machined to suitable: size, shapes by means known to those skilled in the art. Fine diameter orifices are generally provided by machining a countersink in the feed face of the orifice plate and thereafter drilling and polishing an orifice of desired diameter concentric with the countersink. Additionally, orifice plates composed of polycrystalline beryllia can be conveniently prepared by a. bisque process wherein the plate is shaped and the orifice drilled before the final firing. The greenware plate is thereafter fired to appropriate densities, after which the orifice is polished to reduce minor crystal imperfection.
  • the orifice defining member may additionally serve as the base plate of the crucible assembly.
  • the insert type or orifice plate is conveniently circular and may, if desired, be secured in the base plate using a clamp or holddown ring.
  • Multiple orifice insert discs may, of course, be employed in the base plate of the crucible.
  • the orifice should have an aspect ratio of between 1 and 20, preferably less than 10, exclusive of the countersink and, although slightly tapered orifices have been used, straight bore orifices are preferred because of greater ease in fabrication.
  • EXAMPLE I An apparatus, similar in construction to that depicted in FIG. I, was employed to produce metal filaments from a composition comprising 99 weight percent type 304 stainless steel and 1 weight percent type 1345 aluminum.
  • the metal charge was placed in the crucible which had been prefitted with a beryllium oxide (BeO) orifice insert 12 having a tapered orifice construction wherein the taper, adjacent the melt, had an included angle of 12.
  • BeO beryllium oxide
  • the orifice capillary diameter was 6 mils and an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of approximately 2.5.
  • the apparatus was cooled down and the beryllium oxide orifice insert was removed from the crucible whereupon it was microscopically examined for structural defects such as surface flaws and/or cracks and for orifice erosion.
  • the examination disclosed no imperfections nor any measurable degree of orifice erosion.
  • EXAMPLE II The orifice insert of example I was reinstalled in the apparatus thereof and an identical metal composition was melted and extrudes at a melt temperature of l690 C. into an atmosphere of carbon monoxide.
  • the melt extrusion pressure was increased to 30 p.s.i.g. and that in combination with the increase in the melt temperature provided extremely long filaments having nodes spaced at approximately to inch intervals.
  • Example III The spinning run of example I was repeated with the exception that the orifice insert 12 was constructed of zirconium oxide (ZrO and included a tapered orifice inlet having a 27 included angle.
  • the orifice capillary diameter was 7 mils and the orifice aspect ratio was 1.48.
  • Example IV The apparatus of Example I with the exception that a onepiece beryllium oxide crucible was employed for the production of copper filaments.
  • the crucible was provided with an orifice having a diameter of 4 mils and a capillary length of 6 mils which was fabricated in the base of the crucible.
  • the crucible along with a charge of electrolytic grade copper was placed in the melt spinning heat whereupon it was melted and extruded at a temperature of 1204? C. by means of an inert gas pressure of 40 p.s.i.g. into a stabilizing atmosphere of propane.
  • the spinning apparatus was cooled down and disassembled whereupon the crucible and orifice were examined under a microscope. The examination revealed that no apparent erosion of the orifice had occurred.
  • EXAMPLE V A single crystal ZrO orifice insert was fabricated having a 4 mil diameter orifice with an aspect ratio of 5. The orifice insert was placed in the melt spinning apparatus and the assembly was elevated in temperature was maintained for 5 hours and after cooling down the equipment the orifice insert was removed therefrom and microscopically examined.
  • an apparatus for spinning molten metals as filamentary shaped jets comprising a crucible assembly for containing a molten metallic charge, said assembly having an orifice defining member, means for forcing molten metal contained in said assembly through an orifice in said orifice defining member and heating means for maintaining said charge in a molten condition, the improvement wherein said orifice defining member is composed of single crystal beryllium oxide or polycrystalline beryllium oxide having a purity of at least 99.5 percent and a density which is greater than percent of the theoretical density for beryllium oxide.
  • An orifice plate having a countersink on one face thereof and an orifice concentric with said countersink extending through said disc normal to the transverse plane thereof, said disc being composed of single crystal beryllium oxide or polycrystalline beryllium oxide being at least 99.5 percent pure and having a density of at least 95 percent of the theoretical density of beryllium oxide, said orifice being less than 35 mils. in diameter and having an aspect ratio of less than 20 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
US845336A 1969-07-28 1969-07-28 Orifice plate for spinning fine diameter wire Expired - Lifetime US3584678A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US84533669A 1969-07-28 1969-07-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3584678A true US3584678A (en) 1971-06-15

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US845336A Expired - Lifetime US3584678A (en) 1969-07-28 1969-07-28 Orifice plate for spinning fine diameter wire

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3584678A (cs)
JP (1) JPS4828252B1 (cs)
AT (1) AT302222B (cs)
BE (1) BE753995A (cs)
CA (1) CA930133A (cs)
CS (1) CS176126B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE2037153C3 (cs)
FR (1) FR2053205B1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1330538A (cs)
NL (1) NL7011064A (cs)
RO (1) RO56297A (cs)
SE (1) SE358572B (cs)
ZA (1) ZA705141B (cs)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6062838A (en) * 1995-11-30 2000-05-16 Rieter-Automatik Gmbh Melt spinning apparatus
US6585151B1 (en) 2000-05-23 2003-07-01 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Method for producing microporous objects with fiber, wire or foil core and microporous cellular objects
US20080047736A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 David Levine Lightweight composite electrical wire
CN112676565A (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-20 苏州市吴中喷丝板有限公司 一种超硬金属陶瓷材料超细喷丝板生产方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2353350A1 (fr) * 1976-05-31 1977-12-30 Michelin & Cie Filiere de fabrication de fil d'acier tres fin par filage d'acier en fusion
JPS5382042A (en) * 1976-12-27 1978-07-20 Howa Mach Ltd Ventlating sash
JPS5474698A (en) * 1977-11-28 1979-06-14 Univ Tohoku Superconductive thin band and method of fabricating same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1919027A (en) * 1932-01-23 1933-07-18 May Oil Burner Corp Atomizer
US1967798A (en) * 1929-06-04 1934-07-24 North American Rayon Corp Spinneret
US2976590A (en) * 1959-02-02 1961-03-28 Marvalaud Inc Method of producing continuous metallic filaments
US3049753A (en) * 1959-04-29 1962-08-21 Engelhard Ind Inc Spinnerette
US3490516A (en) * 1967-07-24 1970-01-20 Us Air Force Inverted conical tip crucible for casting
US3516478A (en) * 1967-12-05 1970-06-23 Monsanto Co Apparatus for separation of impurities from metal melts in a filament spinning device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1967798A (en) * 1929-06-04 1934-07-24 North American Rayon Corp Spinneret
US1919027A (en) * 1932-01-23 1933-07-18 May Oil Burner Corp Atomizer
US2976590A (en) * 1959-02-02 1961-03-28 Marvalaud Inc Method of producing continuous metallic filaments
US3049753A (en) * 1959-04-29 1962-08-21 Engelhard Ind Inc Spinnerette
US3490516A (en) * 1967-07-24 1970-01-20 Us Air Force Inverted conical tip crucible for casting
US3516478A (en) * 1967-12-05 1970-06-23 Monsanto Co Apparatus for separation of impurities from metal melts in a filament spinning device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
A.R.S. JOURNAL Vol. 29, January 1959. TL 780.A8. pp. 19 21. *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6062838A (en) * 1995-11-30 2000-05-16 Rieter-Automatik Gmbh Melt spinning apparatus
US6176696B1 (en) * 1995-11-30 2001-01-23 Rieter-Automatik Gmbh Melt-spinning apparatus
US6585151B1 (en) 2000-05-23 2003-07-01 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Method for producing microporous objects with fiber, wire or foil core and microporous cellular objects
US20080047736A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 David Levine Lightweight composite electrical wire
US7626122B2 (en) 2006-08-25 2009-12-01 David Levine Lightweight composite electrical wire
US20100071931A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2010-03-25 David Levine Lightweight composite electrical wire with bulkheads
US8697998B2 (en) 2006-08-25 2014-04-15 David Levine Lightweight composite electrical wire with bulkheads
CN112676565A (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-20 苏州市吴中喷丝板有限公司 一种超硬金属陶瓷材料超细喷丝板生产方法
CN112676565B (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-09-07 苏州市吴中喷丝板有限公司 一种超硬金属陶瓷材料超细喷丝板生产方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1330538A (en) 1973-09-19
DE2037153A1 (de) 1971-02-11
FR2053205A1 (cs) 1971-04-16
DE2037153C3 (de) 1979-05-17
RO56297A (cs) 1974-03-01
CA930133A (en) 1973-07-17
FR2053205B1 (cs) 1973-12-21
DE2037153B2 (de) 1978-09-14
NL7011064A (cs) 1971-02-01
AT302222B (de) 1972-10-10
ZA705141B (en) 1971-04-28
JPS4828252B1 (cs) 1973-08-30
CS176126B2 (cs) 1977-06-30
SE358572B (cs) 1973-08-06
BE753995A (fr) 1971-01-27

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