US3584613A - Ingnitor for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Ingnitor for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3584613A
US3584613A US836273A US3584613DA US3584613A US 3584613 A US3584613 A US 3584613A US 836273 A US836273 A US 836273A US 3584613D A US3584613D A US 3584613DA US 3584613 A US3584613 A US 3584613A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
yoke
ignition device
transistor
switching transistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US836273A
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English (en)
Inventor
Siegmund Kreil
Erich Metzger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
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Publication of US3584613A publication Critical patent/US3584613A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P7/00—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
    • F02P7/06—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of circuit-makers or -breakers, or pick-up devices adapted to sense particular points of the timing cycle
    • F02P7/067—Electromagnetic pick-up devices, e.g. providing induced current in a coil
    • F02P7/07—Hall-effect pick-up devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P7/00—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
    • F02P7/06—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of circuit-makers or -breakers, or pick-up devices adapted to sense particular points of the timing cycle
    • F02P7/067—Electromagnetic pick-up devices, e.g. providing induced current in a coil
    • F02P7/0675—Electromagnetic pick-up devices, e.g. providing induced current in a coil with variable reluctance, e.g. depending on the shape of a tooth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • An ignition device for internal-combustion engines wherein a spark gap is, energized by a voltage pulse, has a transformer having primary and secondary windings, the secondary winding being connectable to the spark gap.
  • An amplifier is connected to the primary winding and a magnetic circuit provides a magnetic field having an intensity which changes between determined values thereof;
  • a galvanomagnetic sensing element is disposed in the magnetic field and is responsive to the changes in the field intensity. The sensing element is connected to the amplifier for controlling the flow of current through the primary winding so as to develop voltage pulses across the secondary winding for energizing the spark gap.
  • INGNITOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Our invention relates to an ignitor for internal combustion engines wherein a spark gap is energized by a voltage from the secondary of a transformer in 'which the primary winding is excited in response to mechanically controlled short-interval changes.
  • a mastering of the ignition process is important for the efficient operation of vehicles powered by internal-combustion engines.
  • Present day ignition systems almost all utilize mechanical means which most often comprise break contacts actuated by a cam shaft. Such means are unfortunately subjected to considerable wear.
  • the first attempts at reducing the vulnerability of ignitors are exemplified by the popularly termed transistor or thyristor ignitions which, in addition to increasing the ignition output relative to the above devices, reduce the current load of the break contacts, and thereby reduce the wear caused by burnoff.
  • transistor or thyristor ignitions which, in addition to increasing the ignition output relative to the above devices, reduce the current load of the break contacts, and thereby reduce the wear caused by burnoff.
  • reducing the intermittent current causes, at the same time, an increase in the unreliability of contact which can easily lead to undesired disturbances especially when the thyristor fires.
  • the mechanical wear associated with camshaft control is not at all reduced.
  • a galvanomagnetic resistor which acts to electrically control the primary side of the transformer, for example via an amplifier, in response to the movement of a permanent magnet relative to the galvanomagnetic resistor.
  • a rotating magnet assembly is preferably used in achieving the objects of the invention.
  • the galvanomagnetic resistance consists, preferably, of a so-called field plate as disclosed, for example, in US. Pat. Nos. 3,267,404 and 3,260,980. Such field plates may be substituted by other types of galvanomagnetic resistance devices such as, for example, galvanomagnetic PN diodes.
  • the field plate can be placed upon a carrier, for example, in the shape of a narrow strip. It is preferable to use a stationary field plate since this makes contacting simpler and the two current leads easily accessible.
  • the leads to the field plate are preferably laid over the carrier.
  • the cylindrical magnet carrier is seated on the distributor shaft of the motor and is equipped along its periphery with a number of equally spaced control magnets, this number corresponding, for example, to the number of cylinders of the motor.
  • the changes which occur in the field plate with respect to its resistance value R are plotted as a function of the magnitude of the angle of rotation of the distributor shaft in the diagram according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. I is a graph depicting the variation of the resistance of the field plate as a function of the angular movement of the distributor shaft.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation, partially in section, of a preferred embodiment of the invention in which a permanent magnet is coaxially mounted to a distributor shaft.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an amplifier and trans former used to translate the control signal initiated by the field plate to a voltage for energizing the spark gap.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the amplifier preferred for use with the embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 2.
  • a ring-shaped permanent magnet 1 is provided at its top and bottom surfaces with coaxially positioned annular plates 2, 3 consisting of magnetic permeable material such as soft iron.
  • the magnet I and plates 2, 3 are mounted on shaft 4 so as to be coaxial therewith, the shaft 4 being, for example, the distributor shaft of an internal-combustion engine.
  • the annular plates 2., 3 function as poles for the magnet.
  • the plates 2,3 are bridged at periodic intervals by a soft iron yoke 6 which is laterally arranged and contains a field plate 5.
  • the soft iron yoke 6 is subdivided into two parts, preferably through its center.
  • the disc-shaped field plate 5 comprised of semiconductor material is disposed between these two parts in such a manner that the entire magnetic flux which closes across the yoke also crosses the field plate 5.
  • the electrical terminals of the field plate are indicated by reference numeral 7 and the stationary base plate which carries the yoke is indicated by reference numeral 8.
  • the diagram corresponds qualitatively to the characteristic which may be expected in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the primary advantage of the above-described device is that it is simple to produce and affords high operational reliability, particularly with regard to imperviousness to contamination.
  • the spark gap 11 is energized by the secondary winding of the ignition. transformer or ignition coil.
  • the base of a switching transistor 13 lies at the center tap of a voltage divider formed with fixed resistance 14 and the galvanomagnetic resistance 15 which can correspond, for example, to the field plate 5 of a device according to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the fixed resistor 14 is in the emitter-base circuit and the field plate 15 is in the collector-base circuit.
  • the primary coil of the ignition transformer 12 is connected in series with the fixed resistor 14 and with the emitter of the switching transistor 13.
  • the elements 14 and 15 of the voltage divider are dimensioned so that the switching transistor 13 conducts when the field plate 15 is not passed by magnetic flux.
  • the supply voltage which can be, for example 6 volts direct voltage, is supplied as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • Transistor I3 When the magnetic flux acts upon the field plate 15, its resistance value rises. Transistor I3 turns off interrupting the current through the primary winding of the ignition transformer 12 and releases an ignition voltage at the spark gap 11 in accordance to Lenz's law. In the interest of optimum effectiveness, it is recommended that the following conditions be established:
  • the keying ratio or duty cycle should be chosen so that even at high impulse frequency, which corresponds to a high r.p.m. of the shaft, the occurrence of the highest possible field strength in the field plate is assured, and
  • the leading edge of the control pulses must be sufficiently steep.
  • condition (I) can be fulfilled with control magnets having an appropriately small width.
  • Condition (2) is fulfilled by using shaping circuits which are controlled by the transistor.
  • the voltage divider l4, 15, which is connected together with the transistor 13 is already discussed in connection with FIG. 4, delivers a suitable control voltage to a shaping circuit for increasing the steepness of pulse edges with transistors 13 and 16.
  • Resistance 14 is again a fixed resistance
  • resistance 15 is galvanomagnetic sensing element or member.
  • the shaping circuit with the transistors 13 and 16 has the characteristic of flipping from one stable state to another when the voltage at the base of the transistor 13 rises to a specific threshold value. This is caused by the amplification which is determined by resistances I7, 18 and 19 in coaction with the feedback via the common emitter resistance 20.
  • the steeper voltage characteristic at the collector of the transistor 13 controls, via resistor 18, a transistor 21 whose saturation current is so high that it can switch a power transistor 22 which is connected in series with the primary winding of the ignition transformer. Ignition firing occurs when the circuit triggers at the leading edge of the voltages at the base of transistor 13 and transistor 22 suddenly interrupts the current through the primary winding of the ignition transformer 12.
  • the high, positive voltage which occurs at this moment at the emitter of the transistor 22 is limited by the Zener diode 23 to a specific value in order to protect the transistor 22.
  • the bistable flip-flop circuit provided in a device according to FIG. 5 thus ensures the appearance of a voltage at the spark gap 11 which is virtually independent on the instantaneous movement speed, more particularly on the rotary speed of the controlling permanent magnet.
  • the galvanomagnetic resistance of a device of the present invention can also control other bistable flip-flop circuits, particularly with such circuits built-up of semiconductor components.
  • Bistable flip-flops deliver a voltage pulse at the triggering instant with required intensity in the secondary portion of the ignition transformer and so also at the spark gap.
  • the advantages of a device according to the invention include affording the use of magnetically controlled field plate resistance several of which can be used in a single device.
  • the invention provides a contact-free ignition-voltage switch that meets the requirements for the rugged operation of gasoline engines.
  • the life span afforded by the invention can be considered to be unlimited since mechanical wear and tear are virtually completely eliminated.
  • Most of all, the disadvantages associated with the known devices in respect to the occurrence of resonance, frequency unreliability and in respect to making contact are eliminated, the latter introducing a very critical time delay when the closing angle is unfavorable.
  • An ignition device for an internal combustion engine having spark gap means and a shaft rotatable in synchronism with the rotation of the engine comprising a transformer having a primary winding and having a secondary winding for connection to the spark gap means, a permanent magnet attached to said shaft so as to be rotatable therewith, a stationary magnetizable yoke structure disposed adjacent to said rotatab e magnet structure and having a field gap, said rotatable magnet and said yoke structure conjointly defining a magnetic circuit for providing a magnetic field having an intensity that changes between values thereof in synchronism with the rotation of said shaft and said engine, a galvanomagnetic resistor disposed in said gap and having a resistance changeable in response to changes in said magnetic field, and an amplifier comprising a voltage divider, a switching transistor and a power transistor connected in cascade, said voltage divider consisting of two two-pole members, one pole of one member being joined to one pole of the other member so as to form a tap, one of said members being
  • An ignition device comprising a driver stage connected intermediate said power transistor and said shaping network.
  • An ignition device comprising a Zener diode connected across the output of said power transistor for protecting the latter.
  • said shaping network including a additional transistor connected to the output of said switching transistor so as to define a bistable flip-flop circuit conjointly with the latter, whereby said flipflop circuit switches to one state with the occurrence of the leading edges of said pulses and switches to the other state with the occurrence of the trailing edges of said pulses.
  • an ignition device comprising two single-pole plates mounted on said shaft so as to be concentric therewith, said permanent magnet being annular and disposed so as to be sandwiched intermediate said plates and coaxial with said shaft, said yoke structure being disposed laterally of said permanent magnet and said pole plates, said yoke being in two parts arranged so as to accommodate said galvanomagnetic resistor therebetween, said yoke and said pole plates with said permanent magnet forming a magnetic circuit the magnetic flux of which passes through said galvanomagnetic resistor; at least one of said pole plates having a noncircular shape so as to cause said magnetic circuit to sequentially close and open as said plates and said permanent magnet are rotated on said shaft whereby the flow of flux crossing said galvanomagnetic resistor is sequentially interrupted.
  • said one plate having projections at respective locations equally spaced about the periphery thereof, whereby said projections sequentially pass close to said yoke to sequentially close and open said magnetic circuit when said shaft rotates.
  • said two parts of said yoke each consisting of soft iron.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US836273A 1968-07-04 1969-06-25 Ingnitor for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3584613A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1764614A DE1764614C3 (de) 1968-07-04 1968-07-04 Zündvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor

Publications (1)

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US3584613A true US3584613A (en) 1971-06-15

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US836273A Expired - Lifetime US3584613A (en) 1968-07-04 1969-06-25 Ingnitor for internal combustion engines

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3584613A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5018125B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT298885B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH516082A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1764614C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1602827A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1278692A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6906530A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765391A (en) * 1971-02-22 1973-10-16 W Cook Transistorized ignition system
US4003359A (en) * 1974-02-11 1977-01-18 Hays Bill J Flux wheel for breakerless distributor retrofit
FR2437714A1 (fr) * 1978-09-29 1980-04-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Installation d'allumage pour moteurs a combustion interne
US4552119A (en) * 1984-12-11 1985-11-12 Gerry Martin E Magnetic pulse timer

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2207639C3 (de) * 1972-02-18 1979-07-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Magnetgenerator für Zündanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE3119414C2 (de) * 1981-05-15 1983-04-07 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm Elektromagnetischer Signalgeber zur Messung der Winkellage eines sich drehenden Bauteils
JPH0174376U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-11-09 1989-05-19

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924633A (en) * 1954-03-27 1960-02-09 Siemens Ag Ignition system for internal combustion engines
US3087001A (en) * 1961-03-13 1963-04-23 Gen Motors Corp Breakerless ignition system
US3297009A (en) * 1963-07-10 1967-01-10 Hitachi Ltd Contactless ignition devices
US3422804A (en) * 1966-05-09 1969-01-21 William C J Van Mastright Ignition system
US3424142A (en) * 1966-11-09 1969-01-28 Ford Motor Co Oscillator controlled electronic ignition system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924633A (en) * 1954-03-27 1960-02-09 Siemens Ag Ignition system for internal combustion engines
US3087001A (en) * 1961-03-13 1963-04-23 Gen Motors Corp Breakerless ignition system
US3297009A (en) * 1963-07-10 1967-01-10 Hitachi Ltd Contactless ignition devices
US3422804A (en) * 1966-05-09 1969-01-21 William C J Van Mastright Ignition system
US3424142A (en) * 1966-11-09 1969-01-28 Ford Motor Co Oscillator controlled electronic ignition system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765391A (en) * 1971-02-22 1973-10-16 W Cook Transistorized ignition system
US4003359A (en) * 1974-02-11 1977-01-18 Hays Bill J Flux wheel for breakerless distributor retrofit
FR2437714A1 (fr) * 1978-09-29 1980-04-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Installation d'allumage pour moteurs a combustion interne
US4552119A (en) * 1984-12-11 1985-11-12 Gerry Martin E Magnetic pulse timer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6906530A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-01-06
DE1764614C3 (de) 1973-12-20
FR1602827A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-02-01
JPS5018125B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-26
DE1764614A1 (de) 1970-02-26
CH516082A (de) 1971-11-30
DE1764614B2 (de) 1973-06-07
AT298885B (de) 1972-05-25
GB1278692A (en) 1972-06-21

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