US3570582A - Process for manufacturing cylindrical tubular metal bodies - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing cylindrical tubular metal bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3570582A
US3570582A US773397A US3570582DA US3570582A US 3570582 A US3570582 A US 3570582A US 773397 A US773397 A US 773397A US 3570582D A US3570582D A US 3570582DA US 3570582 A US3570582 A US 3570582A
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Prior art keywords
bloom
polygonal
diameter
plug
hollow
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US773397A
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English (en)
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Albert H Calmes
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B23/00—Tube-rolling not restricted to methods provided for in only one of groups B21B17/00, B21B19/00, B21B21/00, e.g. combined processes planetary tube rolling, auxiliary arrangements, e.g. lubricating, special tube blanks, continuous casting combined with tube rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F45/00—Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles
    • B21F45/08—Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles of loom heddles

Definitions

  • the reduced inside of the advancing bloom is expanded to a circle having a diameter greater than the diameter of the passage before sinking.
  • Simultaneously with said internal expanding the advancing bloom is compressed radially inward into circular cross section to form a cylindrical tubular body having an inside diameter greater than the diameter of the passage before sinking.
  • IPRGQESS FOR MANUFACTG CYLINDCAL TUBULAR METAL BQDES The pipeand tube-manufacturing industry has recognized for a long time the economic advantage of obtaining a high yield from liquid steel and the qualitative advantage of having steel of a uniform chemical composition for the manufacture of seamless pipes from continuously cast steel blooms, and it has tried to profit from these advantages industrially.
  • small square continuously cast blooms 4 inches to 6% inches wide have been used for the manufacture of seamless pipes on push-bench mills, after piercing in conventional hydraulic piercing presses. Trials are still being made to charge round continuously cast blooms of 6% inches CD. into a pilger mill plant after they have. been pierced in a crossroll piercer. 7
  • Round cast shapes of greater diameter than 6% inches, with drastic cooling of the hot bloom, are subject to the formation of longitudinal shrinkage cracks or fissures, which can in any case only be avoided or limited by applying rather low casting speeds.
  • the continuous casting technique for round hollow blooms has the aim of obviating this latter inconvenience, and of forming a clean, sound surface of the hollow bloom bore, but nonetheless the tendency to create external longitudinal cracks still persists when casting round hollows.
  • a continuously cast round hollow bloom has a porous and spongy ring zone at about two-thirds of the way from the outer to the inner surface of the wall.
  • a polygonal hollow bloom which most advantageously can be cut from a continuous casting of the same shape, is converted in the pouring heat, after temperature equalization in a holding furnace, into an elongated cylindrical tubular body that can be further processed into seamless pipes.
  • the conversion of the polygonal hollow bloom into the cylindrical hollow body is accomplished in a two-high mill that I call a press-rolling mill.
  • the rolls in the mill are provided with circular grooves that form a circular roll pass.
  • the hot hollow bloom is pushed axially into the mill and is advanced by axial and radial forces over a stationary plug of circular cross section to form a round hollow body having a smaller perimeter than that of the polygonal bloom but with an inside perimeter greater than that of the passage through the bloom before rolling.
  • the bloom is pushed into the mill rolls and onto the expanding plug by a force compatible with the resistance of the hot steel section.
  • the rolls exert a radial pressure on the bloom corners and thereby reduce them.
  • the rolls also sink the bloom before it engages the plug.
  • the initially relatively small axial passage through the bloom, made even smaller by the sinking, is expanded over the plug, and the porous spongy zones in the wall of the bloom are made compact and eliminated by the applied axial and radial pressures of the pusher and'the mill rolls. There is no harm to the steel structure of the blank.
  • a hexagonal shape is preferred because it provides around 12 to 15 percent more cooling surface than that of a round hollow shape of equal cross section.
  • the hexagonal shape has the advantage that the round grooves of the forming rolls of the press-rolling mill grip the bloom at six points, instead of at four points when a square hollow bloom is used, so the deforming-process exerts a more uniform stress on the steel.
  • the hexagonal shape is also more favorable than the octagonal shape, because the latter approaches the unfavorable round shape too closely.
  • a second feature of the invention is that, during the sinking phase in the press-rolling mill before the inside wall of the bore comes in contact with the expanding plug, the previously formed inside scale is disrupted or loosened and is removed backwards through the bore by high-pressure fluid jets issuing from a nozzle forming the head of the plug.
  • the pressrolling mill may be inclined backwards.
  • Another feature of the invention consists in the fact that the round hollow body that is produced by the process disclosed herein is obtained in a perfect circular shape and is perfectly straight, which permits it to be hot scarfed on the outside without useless scarfing losses.
  • a further feature of the invention consists in the subsequent immediate rolling and elongating, in the same pouring heat, of the scarfed hollow bloom in a multistand round hollow bar mill on a speed-controlled, stepped mandrel bar, pressure lubricated from the inside, into round hollow bars as a semiproduct for the manufacture of seamless pipes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical section of the apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the apparatus
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken on the line Ill-III OF FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a horizontal section taken on the line IV-IV of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are vertical sections taken on the lines V-V, VI-Vl, VII-VII and VIII-VIII, respectively of FIG. 3;
  • FIGS. 9, 10, 11 and 12 are cross sections of other polygonal blooms that can be used in this process.
  • liquid steel from a ladle l is poured through a tundish 2 into one or more continuous casting molds 3, by which the steel is continuously molded into a hollow casting 4 of any desired length.
  • the casting is polygonal in cross section, preferably hexagonal as shown in FIG. 4, and the axial passage 5 through it most suitably is the same shape so that the wall thickness of the casting is uniform.
  • the casting descending from the mold is guided in a curve to a horizontal position by means of rows of rollers 7, between which water from sprayers 8 is sprayed onto the casting to cool it to some extent.
  • the casting enters a multistand two-high mill 9, in which it is straightened and sized.
  • suitable known apparatus in the form of an oxygen cutting machine 10 severs the casting into blooms 11 of the desired length.
  • Each separate bloom is then moved laterally into one end of a temperatureholding furnace 12, in which the temperature of the bloom is equalized as the bloom travels through the furnace.
  • the bloom leaves the far end of the furnace it passes through outside descaling apparatus 13, utilizing high-pressure water, after which it is advanced through a corner sizing mill l4 and then moved laterally to the receiving table 15 of my pressrolling mill l6.
  • this mill is formed from two vertically spaced rolls 18, each provided with a circumferential groove 19 so that at the center of the roll pass the grooves form a circular opening.
  • an ogival plug 20 that is circular in cross section. The largest diameter of the plug is at the center of the pass.
  • the plug is supported on the front end of a tubular bar 21, the rear end of which is rigidly supported in a well-known manner.
  • a rigidly mounted guide 23 At the front or entrance side of the mill and extending into the roll grooves there is a rigidly mounted guide 23, the interior shape of which is such that the bloom on the receiving table will fit in the guide, with two opposite sides of the bloom vertical as shown in FIG. 5.
  • a stationary guide 24 At the exit side of the mill there also is a stationary guide 24, but the passage through this one is smaller and is circular to fit around the cylindrical hollow body issuing from the mill, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • a hydraulically actuated plunger 26 is moved forward into engagement with the rear end of the bloom, which it then pushes forward into the entrance guide.
  • the six front corners of the bloom engage the mill rolls first (FIG. 6) and then, as the bloom advances, its front end is sunk to reduce both its inside and outside diameters at the same time, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the mill rolls are compressing the bloom around the plug until the bloom becomes circular at the center of the roll pass, as shown in FIG. 7, so the cross-sectionalsize and the wall thickness of the bloom are reduced and it becomes round inside and out. Since these actions of the rolls and plug on the bloom continue as the bloom is pushed over the plug, the corner reduction, sinking bore expanding and rounding of the bloom progress from one end of the bloom to the other, whereby a cylindrical tubular body 27 issues from the roll pass and moves through the exit guide 24.
  • Sinking of the bloom generally will loosen inside scale, which can be removed continuously by blowing it out of the rear end of the bloom and into and down out of a passage 28 in plunger 26.
  • the front end of plug 20 is provided with a multihole nose or noule 29, to which fluid under pressure, such as water or air, can be delivered through a central pipe 30 in plug bar 21. If the scale sticks to the side of the bloom passage and will not loosen, it can be liquefied and turned into slag by delivering oxygen and ethylene to the nozzle through concentric pipes 31 and 32 in the plug bar. The mixture is burned as it leaves the nozzle to hot scarf the inside the bloom.
  • the process disclosed herein permits the pouring of polygonal hollow blooms of great cross section with high productive capacity in the pouring heat, the improvement of the quality of the steel structure during the conversion to round hollow bars, and the production of these hollow bars, in a wide range of sizes from one single standard hexagonal hollow bloom.
  • the process therefore makes available a cheap and sound semiproduct for the manufacture of seamless pipes.
  • a most important advantage of this process derives from the fact that the charged weights of hollow bars can be much greater than hitherto, because they are not limited by the unit length of the raw material.
  • Flat sided blooms (square, rectangular or octagonal, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, or hexagonal) do not crack as easily as round blooms.
  • the surface of a bloom per unit volume is greater for flat-sided than for round hollow blooms and therefore the cooling effect and subsequently the cooling speed or the production capacity is greater.
  • a process for manufacturing cylindrical tubular metal bodies with uniform wall thickness comprising casting a bloom that is polygonal in cross section with an axial passage extending entirely through it; applying pressure to one end of the hot hollow bloom axially thereof to move it forward; applying radial pressure to the corners of the polygonal bloom at its front end to reduce those corners and sink the bloom progressively from end to end as the bloom advances; applying an internal expansion force to the advancing bloom in the area in which sinking is occuring to progressively expand the reduced passage of the bloom from end to end to a circle having a diameter greater than the diameter of said axial passage before sinking; and, simultaneously with said internal expanding, compressing the advancing bloom radially inward into circular cross section to form a cylindrical tubular body having an inside diameter greater than the diameter of said passage before sinking.
  • a process of manufacturing cylindrical tubular metal bodies from blooms pushed lengthwise over a round plug centered in a circular roll pass formed by driven grooved rolls comprising casting metal to produce a bloom that is polygonal in cross section and has an axial passage of smaller diameter than the plug extending entirely through it, pushing the hot hollow polygonal bloom lengthwise into contact with the rolls ahead of the circular pass so that the corners of the bloom at its front end will be compressed and the front end portion of the bloom will be sunk as the bloom approaches the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
US773397A 1967-11-08 1968-11-05 Process for manufacturing cylindrical tubular metal bodies Expired - Lifetime US3570582A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU54813A LU54813A1 (de) 1967-11-08 1967-11-08 Verfahren und Anlage zur Warmherstelllung von Rundhohlkörpern aus Kontinuierlich im Strang gegossenen polygonalen Hohlblöcken

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DE (1) DE1807321A1 (de)
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4006618A (en) * 1974-07-23 1977-02-08 Samon Yanagimoto Method of producing seamless steel tube
DE19758388C1 (de) * 1997-12-23 1999-09-02 Mannesmann Ag Vorrichtung zum Entzundern von Rohren
RU2148445C1 (ru) * 1998-09-28 2000-05-10 Гулькин Евгений Викторович Способ прокатки труб
RU2238811C2 (ru) * 2002-10-31 2004-10-27 ОАО "Челябинский трубопрокатный завод" Способ производства бесшовных горячекатаных труб
US20080226935A1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kunitec Tubular product and manufacturing method and manufacturing device thereof
RU2368439C1 (ru) * 2008-06-02 2009-09-27 Марина Викторовна Мирзоян Способ изготовления контурного опалубочного профиля
US20170283897A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 Sms Group Gmbh Method and system for the production of a seamless hot-rolled tube as well as a rolled centrifugally cast tube and use of a hollow block produced by means of centrifugal casting

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US441375A (en) * 1890-11-25 Art of making metal tubing
US721213A (en) * 1901-10-10 1903-02-24 Max Mannesmann Art of rolling tubes.
US2182910A (en) * 1937-02-11 1939-12-12 Nat Tube Co Mandrel bar
US2209968A (en) * 1938-05-02 1940-08-06 Nat Tube Co Manufacture of bessemer steel seamless tubes
US2698467A (en) * 1950-06-05 1955-01-04 Edward W Osann Jr Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
GB859610A (en) * 1957-08-08 1961-01-25 Mannesmann Ag Improvements in or relating to chill moulds for continuous casting

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US441375A (en) * 1890-11-25 Art of making metal tubing
US721213A (en) * 1901-10-10 1903-02-24 Max Mannesmann Art of rolling tubes.
US2182910A (en) * 1937-02-11 1939-12-12 Nat Tube Co Mandrel bar
US2209968A (en) * 1938-05-02 1940-08-06 Nat Tube Co Manufacture of bessemer steel seamless tubes
US2698467A (en) * 1950-06-05 1955-01-04 Edward W Osann Jr Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
GB859610A (en) * 1957-08-08 1961-01-25 Mannesmann Ag Improvements in or relating to chill moulds for continuous casting

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4006618A (en) * 1974-07-23 1977-02-08 Samon Yanagimoto Method of producing seamless steel tube
DE19758388C1 (de) * 1997-12-23 1999-09-02 Mannesmann Ag Vorrichtung zum Entzundern von Rohren
RU2148445C1 (ru) * 1998-09-28 2000-05-10 Гулькин Евгений Викторович Способ прокатки труб
RU2238811C2 (ru) * 2002-10-31 2004-10-27 ОАО "Челябинский трубопрокатный завод" Способ производства бесшовных горячекатаных труб
US20080226935A1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kunitec Tubular product and manufacturing method and manufacturing device thereof
US8020422B2 (en) * 2007-03-14 2011-09-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Kunitec Tubular product and manufacturing method and manufacturing device thereof
RU2368439C1 (ru) * 2008-06-02 2009-09-27 Марина Викторовна Мирзоян Способ изготовления контурного опалубочного профиля
US20170283897A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 Sms Group Gmbh Method and system for the production of a seamless hot-rolled tube as well as a rolled centrifugally cast tube and use of a hollow block produced by means of centrifugal casting

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Publication number Publication date
DE1807321A1 (de) 1969-06-12
LU54813A1 (de) 1969-07-07

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