US3567474A - Treatment of clay - Google Patents

Treatment of clay Download PDF

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Publication number
US3567474A
US3567474A US750474A US3567474DA US3567474A US 3567474 A US3567474 A US 3567474A US 750474 A US750474 A US 750474A US 3567474D A US3567474D A US 3567474DA US 3567474 A US3567474 A US 3567474A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
clay
bleaching
urea
intercalation complex
mineral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US750474A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter James Malden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imerys Minerals Ltd
Original Assignee
English Clays Lovering Pochin Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by English Clays Lovering Pochin Co Ltd filed Critical English Clays Lovering Pochin Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3567474A publication Critical patent/US3567474A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20—Silicates
    • C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
    • C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
    • C01B33/42—Micas ; Interstratified clay-mica products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20—Silicates
    • C01B33/26—Aluminium-containing silicates, i.e. silico-aluminates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20—Silicates
    • C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
    • C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
    • C01B33/40—Clays
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20—Silicates
    • C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
    • C01B33/46—Amorphous silicates, e.g. so-called "amorphous zeolites"
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/10—Eliminating iron or lime

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the bleaching of minerals having a layer lattice crystal structure and, more particularly but not exclusively, is concerned with the bleaching of silicate minerals having this type of structure, for example kaolinitic clays.
  • a method of bleaching a mineral having a layer lattice crystal structure which method comprises treating the mineral with a complexing agent capable of forming an intercalation complex with the mineral, and thereafter bleaching the intercalation complex with an oxidising bleaching agent.
  • the complexing agent used to form the intercalation complex can be, for example, urea, benzidine, octylamine, formamide, acetamide, ammonium acetate, caesium and rubidium salts of acetic, propionic and cyanoacetic acids, and the alkali metal salts of amino acids.
  • the oxidising bleaching agent can be, for example, hydrogen peroxide, an organic peroxy compound, e.g. peracetic acid or perbenzoic acid, chlorine, chlorine water, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, an alkali metal dichromate, an alkali metal chlorate, an alkali metal chlorite, permonosulphuric o-r perdisulphuric acid or an alkali metal or ammonium salt thereof, or a compound capable of forming hydrogen peroxide on contact with water.
  • an organic peroxy compound e.g. peracetic acid or perbenzoic acid, chlorine, chlorine water, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, an alkali metal dichromate, an alkali metal chlorate, an alkali metal chlorite, permonosulphuric o-r perdisulphuric acid or an alkali metal or ammonium salt thereof, or a compound capable of forming hydrogen peroxide on contact with water.
  • the mineral having a layer lattice crystal structure for example kaolinite
  • an intercalation complex by, for example, the method described by A. Weiss, W. Thielepape, G. Goring, W. Ritter, H. Schafter in Proceedings of the International Clay Conference Swiss 1963 at pages 287 and 305.
  • the intercalation complex is then stirred into an aqueous solution of the bleaching agent and the mixture allowed to stand for a period of time which will depend on the temperature, on the nature and concentration of the bleaching agent, and on the degree of bleaching required.
  • the bleaching agent is hydrogen peroxide
  • the mixture of intercalation complex and bleaching agent is allowed to stand at an acid pH, preferably not greater than 4.5, for from 2 to 5 weeks at room temperature. At the end of this period the mixture is then boiled for at least six hours and the bleached mineral recovered in a conventional manner.
  • Example 1 50 grams of a fine grade paper-coating clay having reflectances of 88.0 and 92.3% at 458 and 574 m respectively, were converted, in 88% yield, to a urea intercalation complex by soaking the clay in a strong urea solution for three months. The intercalation complex was then stirred into 200 mls. of 100 volume hydrogen peroxide at pH 4.5 and allowed to stand for five weeks. The suspension was then boiled for eight hours, the pH adjusted to 4.5 and filtered. The clay was then boiled in water for a further 24 hours to decompose any residual urea intercalation complex. The recovered clay had reflectances of 93.2 and 95.3% at 458 and 574 m respectively.
  • Example 2 200 gm. of a fine grade paper-coating clay comprising by weight of particles smaller than 2 microns equivalent spherical diameter was slurried with 550 gm. of urea and 500- ml. of water and the mixture was left at a temperature of 20 C. for 10' weeks. At the end of this time the mixture was filtered and the filter cake was reslurried without washing with a further 850 gm. of urea and 500 ml. of water. The resultant slurry was left to stand at 40 C. for 10 weeks, at the end of which time the slurry was filtered.
  • 6- -Treated with a bleaching agent in the form of a 40% peracetic acid.
  • Treatment 9 "9Treated at pH 4.5 with a bleaching agent in the form of a'100 vol. ⁇ 30%) H 0 solution then boiled for 4 hours. 7 'lO-Treated with a bleaching agent in the form of a 6.3% chlorine solution. ii 1 11Treated with a bleaching agent in the form of 5% ammonium prdisulphate. 12Treated with a bleaching agent in the form of a 40% peracetic acid.
  • portions 9 to ;l2 with the oxidising bleaching agents were performed iniexactly the same way as the treatment of portions 3 to 6.
  • each portion was filtered, the filter cake was redispersed in water and the pH adjusted to 4.5 before refiltering and drying.
  • a method of bleaching a clay mineral having a layer lattice crystal structure which method comprises contacting the claymineral in aqueous suspension with a complexing agent capable of forming an intercalation complex with the clay mineral, so as to form an intercalation complex therewith, and thereafter bleaching the intercalation complex with an oxidising bleaching agent.
  • said clay mineral having a layer lattice crystal structure is a kao linitic clay.
  • oxidising bleaching agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, chlorine water ammonium perdisulphate and peracetic acid;

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US750474A 1967-08-11 1968-08-06 Treatment of clay Expired - Lifetime US3567474A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3712267 1967-08-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3567474A true US3567474A (en) 1971-03-02

Family

ID=10393907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US750474A Expired - Lifetime US3567474A (en) 1967-08-11 1968-08-06 Treatment of clay

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3567474A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1228759A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3899343A (en) * 1973-02-26 1975-08-12 Engelhard Min & Chem Brightness of crystalline layered silicate minerals
US4935391A (en) * 1989-03-31 1990-06-19 Fmc Corporation Process for preparing a purified mineral coating
US5342443A (en) * 1993-04-06 1994-08-30 Engelhard Corporation Method for bleaching kaolin clay
US20040237845A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-12-02 Alan Hunton Stabilized chlorine dioxide as oxidizing agent for use in pulp
US20090050021A1 (en) * 2007-08-24 2009-02-26 China University Of Geosciences (Wu Han) Process for producing kaolin product for paper coating

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1604190A (en) * 1977-06-13 1981-12-02 Grace W R & Co Interlayered smectite clay for use as catalyst

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3899343A (en) * 1973-02-26 1975-08-12 Engelhard Min & Chem Brightness of crystalline layered silicate minerals
US4935391A (en) * 1989-03-31 1990-06-19 Fmc Corporation Process for preparing a purified mineral coating
US5342443A (en) * 1993-04-06 1994-08-30 Engelhard Corporation Method for bleaching kaolin clay
US20040237845A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-12-02 Alan Hunton Stabilized chlorine dioxide as oxidizing agent for use in pulp
US20090050021A1 (en) * 2007-08-24 2009-02-26 China University Of Geosciences (Wu Han) Process for producing kaolin product for paper coating
US7922806B2 (en) * 2007-08-24 2011-04-12 China University Of Geosciences (Wu Han) Process for producing kaolin product for paper coating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1228759A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-21
DE1771971B2 (de) 1977-05-18
DE1771971A1 (de) 1972-02-17

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