US2508007A - Process of rendering wool unshrinkable - Google Patents
Process of rendering wool unshrinkable Download PDFInfo
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- US2508007A US2508007A US684254A US68425446A US2508007A US 2508007 A US2508007 A US 2508007A US 684254 A US684254 A US 684254A US 68425446 A US68425446 A US 68425446A US 2508007 A US2508007 A US 2508007A
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- wool
- bromate
- liquor
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- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 title 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 49
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- -1 BROMATE ION Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004153 Potassium bromate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940094037 potassium bromate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-acetyl-4-methylheptanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC(C)(C(=O)C)CCC#N XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019396 potassium bromate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009963 fulling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NOC(=N1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanimidamide Chemical compound NC(=N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZUBJEHHGZYTRPH-KTKRTIGZSA-N [(z)-octadec-9-enyl] hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O ZUBJEHHGZYTRPH-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/30—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with oxides of halogens, oxyacids of halogens or their salts, e.g. with perchlorates
Definitions
- wool can be rendered unshrinkable by treatment with elementary chlorine or bromine either in the gaseous state or dissolved in water or organic solvents, e. g. alcohol or carbon tetrachloride, or with anacidulated aqueous solution of hypochlorite.
- organic solvents e. g. alcohol or carbon tetrachloride
- hypochlorite anacidulated aqueous solution of hypochlorite
- the total amount of anion absorbed by the wool substantially corresponds to the total amount of absorbed hydrogen ion, but the anions are absorbed in a proportion relative to one another substantially equal to their original proportion in the said solution.
- the wool By elution they are again liberated 30m the wool substantially in the same propor-
- the shrinkprooflng eifect obtained by the treatment of wool with hydrochloric acid and bromate according to this invention is due to bromate present in the treating liquor over and above the absorbed quantity.
- this invention consists in a process of shrinkproofing wool by treatment with an aqueous liquor containing free hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate over and above the amounts of acid and bromate ion liable to be absorbed by the wool, and the treatment is so controlled that an amount of bromate ion of from 6.4 to 16 grams per kilogram of air-dry wool is thereby consumed.
- the hydrochloric acid maybe added to the liquor as such or be generated therein from chloride and another acid or an acid salt, e. g. sulfuric acid or a bisulfate.
- the shrinkprooflng treatment according to this invention may be combined with a milling treatment.
- the cloth is first immersed in a liquor containing the shrinkproofing agents, and milled therein till the desired degree of thickening has been obtained, then the milling is interrupted and the cloth is left for some time in the liquor without further mechanical agitation, and thereby stabilized in the state of thickening produced by the milling.
- the milling 3 operatiomtheliquormayeontainalreadythefull amount of acid and bromate required for shrinkprooflng, or the acid and/or bromate may first be present inless than the full quantity needed for shrinkproonng and the balance be added when the milling is interrupted.
- Example 1 is of the order of 29 grams of HCl, and that of bromate ion of the order of 7.7 grams. The rate of disappearance of bromate and acid during the treatment is followed by titration of the acid and bromate contained in samples taken from the liquor at short intervals. After 40 to 60 minutes, an amount of bromate ion of about 8 grams has disappeared over and above the 7.7 grams of absorbed bromate ion mentioned above.
- the wool is removed from the vat, rinsed with water and introduced into a bath of about litres of water containing 1 gram of ammonia per litre, left therein for about minutes, rinsed and brought into a second bath of about 25 litres of water which contains 1 gram of sodium bisulflte per litre and is kept at 50 C. After about 45 minutes the wool is again rinsed, centrifuged and dried.
- Example 2 1 kg. of wool is treated for about one hour in 23 litres of a liquor which is kept at 25 C. and contains per litre: 3.6 grams of KBrO: (corresponding to about 2.8 grams of bromate ion).-
- Example 3 The treatment and composition of the liquor are the same as described in Example 1, except that the temperature of the liquor is C. and the amount of HCl 3 grams. Duration of the treatment: 60 to 80 minutes.
- Example 4 Composition of the liquor: 23 litres containing per litre: 5.25 grams of-potassium bromate (corresponding to 4 grams of bromate ion), 8 grams of HCl, 5 grams of glue and 0.2 gram of wetting agent. Temperature 12 0., duration minutes, otherwise as described in Example 1.
- Example 6 1kg.ofwoolistreatedat60C.in50litreso1 a liquor which contains per litre: 0.5 gram of bromate ion (in the form of potassium bromate) 2.25 grams of hydrogen chloride and 0.2 gram of sodium lauryl sulfate. After about minutes, the consumption of bromate ion amounts to about 9.5 grams.
- the wool is then removed from the liquor and further treated as described in Example 1.
- Example 7 1 kg. of wool is treated at C. in 60 litres of a liquor which contains per litre: 0.4 gram of bromate ion (in the form of potassium bromate) 1.85 grams of hydrogen chloride and 0.2 gram of sodium lauryl sulfate. After about minutes, the consumption of bromate ion amounts to 8.6 grams. The wool is then removed from the liquor and further treated as described in Example 1.
- Example 8 1 kg. of wool is immersed in a fulling mill in 23 litres of a liquor containing per litre: 6 grams of hydrogen chloride (calculated as pure HCl) and 0.8 gram of bromate ion (in the form of potassium bromate) and milled at 25 C. till the desired degree of thickening has been obtained. Then the milling is interrupted, a further 0.8 gram of bromate ion (as potassium bromate) per litre is added and the cloth is left in the liquor without mechanical agitation for about 35 minutes, and further treated as described in Exam ple 1.
- the process of shrinlrprooflng wool which comprises immersing the wool in an aqueous liquor containing hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate in excess over the amount of acid and bromate absorbable in the wool, which absorbable amount corresponds to about 0.08 gramequivalents per grams of air-dry wool, the excess of bromate (expressed as bromate ion) being not less than 1.5%, and that of hydrochloric acid (expressed as HCl) being comprised between 6 and 20%, both calculated on the weight of airdry wool; leaving the wool in the liquor until bromate ion. has disappeared therefrom in an amount of about 0.65 to 1.6 grams per 100 grams of air-dry wool; withdrawing the wool from the liquor and removing excess treating liquor from the wool.
- the method of treating woollen cloth by a combined milling and shrinkprooflng process comprising immersing the cloth in a fulling mill in an aqueous liquor containing hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate in excess over the amount of acid and bromate absorbable in the wool, which absorbable amount corresponds to about 0.08 gram-equivalents per 100 grams of air-dry wool, the excess of bromate (expressed as bromate ion) being not less than 1.5% and that of hydrochloric acid (expressed as 1101) being comprised between 6 and 20%, both calculated on the weight of airdry wool; milling the cloth until the desired degree of thickening has been obtained, interrupting the milling and further leaving the cloth in the liquor until bromate ion has disappeared therefrom in an amount of about 0.65 to 1.6 grams per 100 grams of air-dry wool; withdrawing the cloth from the liquor and removing excess treating liquor from the cloth.
- the method or treating woollen cloth by a combined milling and shrinkprooflng process comprising immersing the cloth in a iulling mill in an aqueous liquor containing hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate in at least the amount thereol absorbable in the wool, which absorbable amount corresponds to about 0.08 gram-equivalents per 100 grams of air-dry wool, and at least hydrochloric acid in excess over said absorbable amount, the excess amount of the acid (expressed as HCl) being comprised between 6 and 20% by weight of air-dry wool; milling the cloth until the desired degree of thickening has been obtained, interrupting the milling, adding to the liquor so much further water-soluble bromate that the liquor contains a total excess of bromate ion, over and above the aforesaid absorbable amount, of not less than 1.5% by weight of air-dry wool; leaving the wool in the liquor until bromate ion has disappeared therefrom in an amount of about 0.85 to 1.8 grams per 100 grams or airdry wool; withdrawing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Patented May 16, 1950 mnnma'woor. namxanu:
Rudolf Bloch and Ladislaw V..Farkal, Jerusalem, Kurt Goldschmid, Tel Aviv, and Mendel Lewin, Isaac Schnerb, and Paul Goldschmidt, Jerusalem, Palestine; Hanna Farkas executrix of said Ladislaw V. Farkas, deceased No Drawing. Application July 17, 1946, Serial No. 684,254. In Palestine August 13, 1945 PROCESS OF it UNS 1 This invention relates to processes of renderin: wool unshrinkable.
.It is known that wool can be rendered unshrinkable by treatment with elementary chlorine or bromine either in the gaseous state or dissolved in water or organic solvents, e. g. alcohol or carbon tetrachloride, or with anacidulated aqueous solution of hypochlorite. In these known processes the action of the halogen on the wool fibre is so vigorous and quick-in fact it is accomplished in a few seconds only-that it cannot properly be controlled. Consequently, the effect of this treatment is not uniform: while a part of the batch has just reached the desired degree of unshrinkability, another part thereof has already got more than its proper share of halogen and sufiered damage by the latter. The feel of the wool so treated is unsatisfactory, and the increase of its color reception properties which, as is known, is brought about by the halogen, is not uniform which leads to the formation of stainswhen the wool is subsequently dyed. On theother hand it is known that the color reception properties of wool can be improved by treatment with a highly dilute aqueous solution of alkali bromate in the presence of hydrochloric acid and that such treatment does not aifect the felting and shrinking properties of the wool. I
It has now been found that'wool can be made unshrinkable by a well-controllable treatment with an aqueous solution of alkali bromate and wool. Speakman (Journal of Textile Inst., vol.
22, No. 'I, 1941) found that the amount of acid .so absorbed is equivalentto about 800 cc. of N/ acid (1. e. about 0.08 gram-equivalent) per 100 grams of air-dry wool. The character of this absorption is not yet fully recognized. On the one hand the acid disappears for allvintents and purposes from the solution and cannot be found back by titration, on the other hand it can be eluted from the wool by intensive washing with much water. It may, therefore, be assumed that it is bound in salt bond to protein and that the 5 Claims. (CI. 2876) bond is liable to be severed by hydrolysis (see also Speakman, l. c.). Where the solution contains several acid anions, e. g. in the case of a mixture '0! hydrochloric acid and bromate, the total amount of anion absorbed by the wool substantially corresponds to the total amount of absorbed hydrogen ion, but the anions are absorbed in a proportion relative to one another substantially equal to their original proportion in the said solution. By elution they are again liberated 30m the wool substantially in the same propor- The shrinkprooflng eifect obtained by the treatment of wool with hydrochloric acid and bromate according to this invention is due to bromate present in the treating liquor over and above the absorbed quantity. Again the exact nature of the action of the bromate on the wool is-not yet recognized but it can be stated with certainty that the effective part of the bromate is irretrievably lost, in contrast to the absorbed portion of bromate which, upon being eluted from the wool, is recovered as bromate.
Accordingly, this invention consists in a process of shrinkproofing wool by treatment with an aqueous liquor containing free hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate over and above the amounts of acid and bromate ion liable to be absorbed by the wool, and the treatment is so controlled that an amount of bromate ion of from 6.4 to 16 grams per kilogram of air-dry wool is thereby consumed.
The exact amount of bromate that any particular specimen of wool requires for shrinkrti-otgfing has to be ascertained by preliminary After the treatment with bromate the wool is after-treated. with a .view. to removing any bromate or free halogen left, e. g. by rinsing, washing. with dilute ammonia, soaking with an alkali bisulfite solution, and againv rinsing.
The hydrochloric acid maybe added to the liquor as such or be generated therein from chloride and another acid or an acid salt, e. g. sulfuric acid or a bisulfate.
. It is advisable to add to the liquor acid-resisting wetting agents, asknown per se, e. g. alkali lauryl sulfate or oleyl sulfate, and protective colloids, e. g. glue, gum or the like.
The shrinkprooflng treatment according to this invention may be combined with a milling treatment. In this case the cloth is first immersed in a liquor containing the shrinkproofing agents, and milled therein till the desired degree of thickening has been obtained, then the milling is interrupted and the cloth is left for some time in the liquor without further mechanical agitation, and thereby stabilized in the state of thickening produced by the milling. For the milling 3 operatiomtheliquormayeontainalreadythefull amount of acid and bromate required for shrinkprooflng, or the acid and/or bromate may first be present inless than the full quantity needed for shrinkproonng and the balance be added when the milling is interrupted.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1 is of the order of 29 grams of HCl, and that of bromate ion of the order of 7.7 grams. The rate of disappearance of bromate and acid during the treatment is followed by titration of the acid and bromate contained in samples taken from the liquor at short intervals. After 40 to 60 minutes, an amount of bromate ion of about 8 grams has disappeared over and above the 7.7 grams of absorbed bromate ion mentioned above. When this is the case, the wool is removed from the vat, rinsed with water and introduced into a bath of about litres of water containing 1 gram of ammonia per litre, left therein for about minutes, rinsed and brought into a second bath of about 25 litres of water which contains 1 gram of sodium bisulflte per litre and is kept at 50 C. After about 45 minutes the wool is again rinsed, centrifuged and dried.
Example 2 1 kg. of wool is treated for about one hour in 23 litres of a liquor which is kept at 25 C. and contains per litre: 3.6 grams of KBrO: (corresponding to about 2.8 grams of bromate ion).-
13.5 grams of NaCl (corresponding to about 8.4 grams of H01), 27 grams of potassium bisulfate and 0.2 gram of a wetting agent. For the rest, the treatment is carried out as described in Example 1.
Example 3 The treatment and composition of the liquor are the same as described in Example 1, except that the temperature of the liquor is C. and the amount of HCl 3 grams. Duration of the treatment: 60 to 80 minutes.
Example 4 Composition of the liquor: 23 litres containing per litre: 5.25 grams of-potassium bromate (corresponding to 4 grams of bromate ion), 8 grams of HCl, 5 grams of glue and 0.2 gram of wetting agent. Temperature 12 0., duration minutes, otherwise as described in Example 1.
Example 5 ample 1.
trample 6 1kg.ofwoolistreatedat60C.in50litreso1 a liquor which contains per litre: 0.5 gram of bromate ion (in the form of potassium bromate) 2.25 grams of hydrogen chloride and 0.2 gram of sodium lauryl sulfate. After about minutes, the consumption of bromate ion amounts to about 9.5 grams. The wool is then removed from the liquor and further treated as described in Example 1. Example 7 1 kg. of wool is treated at C. in 60 litres of a liquor which contains per litre: 0.4 gram of bromate ion (in the form of potassium bromate) 1.85 grams of hydrogen chloride and 0.2 gram of sodium lauryl sulfate. After about minutes, the consumption of bromate ion amounts to 8.6 grams. The wool is then removed from the liquor and further treated as described in Example 1.
Example 8 1 kg. of wool is immersed in a fulling mill in 23 litres of a liquor containing per litre: 6 grams of hydrogen chloride (calculated as pure HCl) and 0.8 gram of bromate ion (in the form of potassium bromate) and milled at 25 C. till the desired degree of thickening has been obtained. Then the milling is interrupted, a further 0.8 gram of bromate ion (as potassium bromate) per litre is added and the cloth is left in the liquor without mechanical agitation for about 35 minutes, and further treated as described in Exam ple 1.
We claim:
'1. The process of shrinlrprooflng wool, which comprises immersing the wool in an aqueous liquor containing hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate in excess over the amount of acid and bromate absorbable in the wool, which absorbable amount corresponds to about 0.08 gramequivalents per grams of air-dry wool, the excess of bromate (expressed as bromate ion) being not less than 1.5%, and that of hydrochloric acid (expressed as HCl) being comprised between 6 and 20%, both calculated on the weight of airdry wool; leaving the wool in the liquor until bromate ion. has disappeared therefrom in an amount of about 0.65 to 1.6 grams per 100 grams of air-dry wool; withdrawing the wool from the liquor and removing excess treating liquor from the wool.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein a wetting agent is added to the treating liquor.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein a protective colloid is added to the treatin liquor.
4. The method of treating woollen cloth by a combined milling and shrinkprooflng process comprising immersing the cloth in a fulling mill in an aqueous liquor containing hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate in excess over the amount of acid and bromate absorbable in the wool, which absorbable amount corresponds to about 0.08 gram-equivalents per 100 grams of air-dry wool, the excess of bromate (expressed as bromate ion) being not less than 1.5% and that of hydrochloric acid (expressed as 1101) being comprised between 6 and 20%, both calculated on the weight of airdry wool; milling the cloth until the desired degree of thickening has been obtained, interrupting the milling and further leaving the cloth in the liquor until bromate ion has disappeared therefrom in an amount of about 0.65 to 1.6 grams per 100 grams of air-dry wool; withdrawing the cloth from the liquor and removing excess treating liquor from the cloth.
5. The method or treating woollen cloth by a combined milling and shrinkprooflng process comprising immersing the cloth in a iulling mill in an aqueous liquor containing hydrochloric acid and water-soluble bromate in at least the amount thereol absorbable in the wool, which absorbable amount corresponds to about 0.08 gram-equivalents per 100 grams of air-dry wool, and at least hydrochloric acid in excess over said absorbable amount, the excess amount of the acid (expressed as HCl) being comprised between 6 and 20% by weight of air-dry wool; milling the cloth until the desired degree of thickening has been obtained, interrupting the milling, adding to the liquor so much further water-soluble bromate that the liquor contains a total excess of bromate ion, over and above the aforesaid absorbable amount, of not less than 1.5% by weight of air-dry wool; leaving the wool in the liquor until bromate ion has disappeared therefrom in an amount of about 0.85 to 1.8 grams per 100 grams or airdry wool; withdrawing the cloth from the liquor, and removing excess treating liquor from the cloth.
-' R. BLOCH.
L. V. FARKAS. K. GOLDBCHMID. M. LEWIN. ISAAC BCHNERB. PAUL GOLDSCHMDT.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PA'I'ENTS Switzerland Feb. 17, 1930
Claims (1)
1. THE PROCESS OF SHRINKPROOFING WOOL, WHICH COMPRISES IMMERSING THE WOOL IN AN AQUEOUS LIQUOR CONTAINING HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND WATER-SOLUBLE BROMATE IN EXCESS OVER THE AMOUNT OF ACID AND BROMATE ABSORBABLE IN THE WOOL, WHICH ABSORBABLE AMOUNT CORRESPONDS TO ABOUT. 0.08 GRAMEQUIVALENTS PER 100 GRAMS OF AIR-DRY WOOL, THE EXCESS OF BROMATE (EXPRESSED AS BROMATE ION) BEING NOT LESS THAN 1.5%, AND THAT OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID (EXPRESSED AS HC1) BEING COMPRISED BETWEEN 6 AND 20%, BOTH CALCULATED ON THE WEIGHT OF AIRDRY WOOL; LEAVING THE WOOL IN THE LIQUOR UNTIL BROMATE ION HAS DISAPPEARED THEREFROM IN AN AMOUNT OF ABOUT 0.65 TO 1.6 GRAMS PER 100 GRAMS OF AIR-DRY WOOL; WITHDRAWING THE WOOL FROM THE LIQUOR AND REMOVING EXCESS TREATING LIQUOR FROM THE WOOL.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL2508007X | 1945-08-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2508007A true US2508007A (en) | 1950-05-16 |
Family
ID=11075967
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US684254A Expired - Lifetime US2508007A (en) | 1945-08-13 | 1946-07-17 | Process of rendering wool unshrinkable |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2508007A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2639488A (en) * | 1949-09-15 | 1953-05-26 | British Celanese | Process for producing a textile fabric |
| US2702737A (en) * | 1953-11-06 | 1955-02-22 | Scholler Brothers Inc | Wool chlorination process |
| US2714051A (en) * | 1949-04-15 | 1955-07-26 | Albany Felt Co | Process for preventing the fulling shrinkage of wool |
| US2923596A (en) * | 1955-06-05 | 1960-02-02 | Ministry Of Agriculture | Method of rendering wool unshrinkable and non-felting |
| US3128145A (en) * | 1961-08-09 | 1964-04-07 | Drew Chem Corp | Shrinkproofing wool by acidification and subsequent application of alkali metal bromates and halide |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US52942A (en) * | 1866-02-27 | Improvement in dyeing yarn | ||
| CH136895A (en) * | 1927-02-09 | 1929-12-15 | Erich Dr Boehm | Process for chlorinating wool or other animal hair. |
| US2144824A (en) * | 1935-10-04 | 1939-01-24 | Firm Chem Fab Grunau Londshoff | Process of reducing the felting properties of wool or other fibrous substances of animal origin |
-
1946
- 1946-07-17 US US684254A patent/US2508007A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US52942A (en) * | 1866-02-27 | Improvement in dyeing yarn | ||
| CH136895A (en) * | 1927-02-09 | 1929-12-15 | Erich Dr Boehm | Process for chlorinating wool or other animal hair. |
| US2144824A (en) * | 1935-10-04 | 1939-01-24 | Firm Chem Fab Grunau Londshoff | Process of reducing the felting properties of wool or other fibrous substances of animal origin |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2714051A (en) * | 1949-04-15 | 1955-07-26 | Albany Felt Co | Process for preventing the fulling shrinkage of wool |
| US2639488A (en) * | 1949-09-15 | 1953-05-26 | British Celanese | Process for producing a textile fabric |
| US2702737A (en) * | 1953-11-06 | 1955-02-22 | Scholler Brothers Inc | Wool chlorination process |
| US2923596A (en) * | 1955-06-05 | 1960-02-02 | Ministry Of Agriculture | Method of rendering wool unshrinkable and non-felting |
| US3128145A (en) * | 1961-08-09 | 1964-04-07 | Drew Chem Corp | Shrinkproofing wool by acidification and subsequent application of alkali metal bromates and halide |
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