US3566938A - Chain cutter for debranching and debarking trees - Google Patents

Chain cutter for debranching and debarking trees Download PDF

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Publication number
US3566938A
US3566938A US3566938DA US3566938A US 3566938 A US3566938 A US 3566938A US 3566938D A US3566938D A US 3566938DA US 3566938 A US3566938 A US 3566938A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
teeth
chain
approximately
trunk
cutting edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
Georg Wehr
Gotthold Gotze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ROTENBURGER METALLWERKE GmbH
Original Assignee
ROTENBURGER METALLWERKE GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DER42786A external-priority patent/DE1300660B/de
Application filed by ROTENBURGER METALLWERKE GmbH filed Critical ROTENBURGER METALLWERKE GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3566938A publication Critical patent/US3566938A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00Forestry
    • A01G23/02Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/095Delimbers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00Forestry
    • A01G23/02Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/08Felling trees
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27LREMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L1/00Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor
    • B27L1/12Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor using pliable tools, e.g. chains, cables
    • B27L1/127Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor using pliable tools, e.g. chains, cables in the form of circulating endless elements, e.g. cutting chains
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/929Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9319Toothed blade or tooth therefor
    • Y10T83/9326Plural separable sections
    • Y10T83/9329Tooth separable from blade

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a chain cutter and, more particularly, to a chain cutter for debranching and debarking trees.
  • Apparatus which simultaneously debranches and debarks, and which utilizes a chain cutter as the cutting tool.
  • the chain cutter comprises a link chain which fonns a carrier element, and which either completely encloses the tree trunk, or at least engages a portion of its periphery.
  • many difficulties are encountered in those known devices, which difficulties largely result from the fact that the trunk of a tree is generally not a perfect cylindrical body with a straight axis, but is rather an extended object often having an axis which is substantially curved in various directions.
  • the tree trunks usually have a cross section which in addition to decreasing in diameter from the foot of the tree to its top, is completely asymmetrical and has bumps and recesses of various shapes, in addition of course, to branches projecting from the surface of the trunk.
  • At least three different shaped and ground teeth follow one another on the outer links, each tooth extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chain link. This results irr optimum cutting power and simplifies the removal of the shavings.
  • the cutting teeth are particularly advantageous to construct the cutting teeth as solid teeth, and a satisfactory path for the chain is achieved if according to a further feature of the invention, the cutting edges of the teeth run parallel to the side faces of the chain links and perpendicular to their longitudinal axes.
  • the cutting edges of the teeth run parallel to the side faces of the chain links and perpendicular to their longitudinal axes.
  • Jamming of the chain cutter when cutting through the branches is also eliminated with the present invention by arranging another portion of the teeth so that their cutting edges project away from the trunk and beyond the tangent which is common to the two rollers associated with the teeth.
  • the cutting teeth each have a top rake and an upper clearance angle of approximately 10,the inner tooth and the middle tooth having a clearance angle on the trunk-engaging side from the cutting edge to the foot of the tooth of approximately 5 or 56, a clearance angle on that side which is remote from the trunk from the cutting edge to the foot of the tooth of approximately 258, and on both sides with a clearance angle from the cutting edge against the direction of movement of approximately 26.
  • the outer tooth may have a clearance angle on that side which is remote from the trunk from the cutting edge to the foot of the tooth of approximately 10, a lateral clearance angle on the side facing away from the trunk from the cutting edge against the direction of movement of approximately 5, and a lateral clearance angle on that side which faces the trunk, from the cutting edge against the direction of movement, of approximately 2%.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a member of a link of the cutting chain according to the present invention engaging a tree trunk, the chain link being provided with a cutting tooth;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side view of an embodiment of the chain cutter according to the invention in an extended condition
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic end view in the direction of movement of the chain according to the present invention engaging a tree trunk;
  • FIGS. 4a to 4i show three different cutting teeth of the chain according to the present invention, each in plan view, end elevation, and side view;
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of part of the chain according to the present invention in an extended condition, the section plane containing the axis of rotation of rollers 2.
  • the chain cutter 1 comprises a link chain serving as a carrier and including rollers 2, outer links 3, inner links 4, and intermediate links 5.
  • Solid cutting teeth 6, 7 and 8 are mounted on the outer links 3 of the one side face of the chain.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a chain cutter member which includes two rollers 2 engaging the trunk 9 to be debarked, and an outer link 3 provided with a cutting tooth 6 on its face, the arrow 10 showing the peripheral direction movement of the chain to which the member belongs. Tooth 6 is mounted on the link 3 in such a manner that its cutting edge 11 terminates approximately at a point 12 which is on a line with the point ofengagement between the upper surface of the trunk 9, and the roller 2 which is adjacent to the cutting edge.
  • the spacing of the point of engagement 12 from the straight line 14, which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 of the link 3 and passes through the axis of the roller 2 varies only slightly with varying diameters of tree trunk, as shown, for example, by surface 16 of a tree trunk having a larger diameter than the trunk 9. This prevents tooth 6 from cutting into the surface of the tree trunk, even if the latter has a varying diameter.
  • the position shown in FIG. I for the cutting edge ll of the tooth 6 is independent of whether only one form of tooth is used in the chain cutter, or whether, as shown in FIG. 2, various forms of teeth are employed.
  • FIG. 2 there are shown a few links and roller members of a chain cutter with three differently shaped forms of cutting teeth provided on the links. As shown, an inner tooth 6, intermediate tooth 7 and outer tooth 8, are shown.
  • teeth do not necessarily have to be arranged in the order shown in FIG. 2, but rather could be mountecht varying spacings, such as for example, on very second, third or fourth link.
  • the arrow 17 in FIG. 2 shows the peripheral direction of travel of the chain, and as can be seen in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the cutting edges 11 of the teeth 6, 7 and 8, which are mutually staggered perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 of the link 3, overlap one another when looked at in the direction of travel of the chain. These edges also extend parallel to the side faces of the link 3 and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 thereof.
  • the outer teeth 8 have their cutting edges 11 projecting away from the trunk and beyond the tangent 18 to the two associated rollers 2, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In this manner, jamming of the chain cutter 1 as it passes through the base ofa branch 19 is avoided, even though the chain debranches and debarks simultaneously, this jamming being otherwise liable to happen when the base 19 of the branch has a diameter which is larger than the width of the chain, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the cutting edge of outer tooth 8 thereby cuts the chain 1 free so that its unimpeded movement is insured.
  • the axial movement of the chain unit in relation to the trunk 9 is indicated in FIG, 3 by arrow 20, the feed of the chain being at right angles thereto, or outward from the plane of the drawing.
  • the teeth 6, 7 and 8 illustrated in FIGS. I to are solid teeth and have a height 2I which is always greater than 5 mm.
  • the cutting teeth 6, 7 and 8 are formed, ground and mounted on the links 3 as shown in FIGS. 40 to 4!.
  • the teeth 6, 7 and 8 have a top rake 22 and an upper clearance angle 23 which are equal to approximately
  • the inner teeth 6 and intermediate teeth 7 each have a clearance angle 24 on that side which faces the trunk from the cutting edge 11 to the foot of the tooth of approximately 5 or 2 18, a clearance angle 25 on that side which faces away from the trunk to the cutting edge I] to the foot ofthe tooth of approximately 29?, and on both sides with a clearance angle 26 from the cutting edge 11 in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the chain of approximately 2%.
  • the outer teeth 8 have a clearance angle 27 on that side which faces away from the trunk from the cutting edge 11 to the foot of the tooth of approximately 10, a lateral clearance angle 28 on that side which faces away from the trunk from the cutting edge 11 in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of approximately 5, and a lateral clearance angle 29 on that side which faces the trunk from the cutting edge ll opposite to the direction of travel of approximately 2%.
  • Links 3 with cutting teeth 6, 7 and 8 could be distributed along the chain I so that there results an overall number of teeth of from 6 to 33 teeth per meter of chain length.
  • arrows 30 show the axial movement of teeth 6, 7 and 8 in relation to the trunk 9 to be treated, the feed of the chain, of course, being at right angles thereto, as shown by the arrows I0 and 17 in FIGS. I and 2, respectively.
  • the chain cutter of the present invention thus works effectively, insures trouble-free debarking and simultaneous debranching of trees of varying diameters, and neither has an inclination to cut into the trunk, nor to become jammed when passing through the bases of large branches.
  • chain cutter of the present invention can be mounted on, and driven by, any conventional mechanism.
  • a particularly suitable mechanism is disclosed in applicants copending U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 620,926 titled Apparatus for Transporting and Treating Trees, filed concurrently herewith.
  • a chain cutter comprising a plurality of roller members adapted to engage an object to be cut, and a plurality of links connected with said roller members to form a link chain, wherein the improvement comprises a plurality of cutting teeth fixed to the outer links of one side face of said chain, at least one portion of some of said teeth each having a cutting edge projecting beyond its associated link towards said object, and terminating approximately at a point coincident with the point of engagement of an associated roller and said object.
  • each of said teeth extends parallel to the side faces of its corresponding outer links and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof.
  • each of said staggered teeth have a top rake of approximately 10 and an upper clearance angle of approximately 10; wherein the inner tooth and intermediate tooth have, on that side facing said object, a clearance angle from the cutting edge to the foot of the tooth of approximately 5 and 2%, a clearance angle on the opposite side from said object from the cutting edge to the foot of the tooth of approximately 292, and on both sides with a clearance angle from the cutting edge in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of 2 A; and wherein the outer tooth has a clearance angle on the side facing said object from the cutting edge to the foot of the tooth of approximately 10, a lateral clearance angle on the side remote from said object from the cutting edge in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of approximately 5, and a lateral clearance angle on the side of said object from the cutting edge in a direction opposite the direction of travel of approximately 2%.
  • a chain cutter for debranching and debarking tree trunks comprising a plurality of roller members adapted to engage the trunk, and a plurality of links connected with said roller members to form a link chain, wherein the improvement comprises a plurality of cutting teeth fixed to the outer links of one side face of said chain, one portion of each of said teeth having a cutting edge projecting beyond the associated link towards the trunk, and terminating approximately at a point which is coincident with the point of engagement of an associated roller and the trunk, for debarking said tree trunk; and another portion of said teeth having cutting edges projecting away from the trunk and beyond the outer surface of their associated rollers, for debranching the trunk.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
US3566938D 1966-03-09 1967-03-06 Chain cutter for debranching and debarking trees Expired - Lifetime US3566938A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER42786A DE1300660B (de) 1966-03-09 1966-03-09 Fraeskette zum Entasten und Entrinden von Baumstaemmen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3566938A true US3566938A (en) 1971-03-02

Family

ID=7406754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3566938D Expired - Lifetime US3566938A (en) 1966-03-09 1967-03-06 Chain cutter for debranching and debarking trees

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3566938A (de)
AT (1) AT275843B (de)
BE (1) BE695064A (de)
CH (1) CH461769A (de)
FI (1) FI44289B (de)
FR (1) FR1513070A (de)
GB (1) GB1117859A (de)
SE (1) SE326022B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3754584A (en) * 1971-02-15 1973-08-28 Vedecky Lesnicky Ustav Vysoke Electrode for barking of timber by electric current
CN103828609A (zh) * 2014-02-25 2014-06-04 刘云 链条式树干刮皮带的制造和使用方法
CN103931430A (zh) * 2014-02-25 2014-07-23 刘云 皮带式树干刮皮带的制造和使用方法
US20160122970A1 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-05-05 The Charles Machine Works, Inc. Linked Tooth Digging Chain

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI770860A (fi) * 1977-03-18 1978-09-19 Valo Antti T Traedbearbetningsmaskin

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1759188A (en) * 1928-07-09 1930-05-20 William A Davidson Slab-debarking machine
US1937073A (en) * 1930-08-18 1933-11-28 Stuve Heinrich Disbarking machine
US2707007A (en) * 1953-06-08 1955-04-26 Shuff Hugh Wrap-around chain-driven cutters for removing bark from trees
US2948311A (en) * 1958-10-20 1960-08-09 Melvin W Mccollum Tree harvesting apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1759188A (en) * 1928-07-09 1930-05-20 William A Davidson Slab-debarking machine
US1937073A (en) * 1930-08-18 1933-11-28 Stuve Heinrich Disbarking machine
US2707007A (en) * 1953-06-08 1955-04-26 Shuff Hugh Wrap-around chain-driven cutters for removing bark from trees
US2948311A (en) * 1958-10-20 1960-08-09 Melvin W Mccollum Tree harvesting apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3754584A (en) * 1971-02-15 1973-08-28 Vedecky Lesnicky Ustav Vysoke Electrode for barking of timber by electric current
CN103828609A (zh) * 2014-02-25 2014-06-04 刘云 链条式树干刮皮带的制造和使用方法
CN103931430A (zh) * 2014-02-25 2014-07-23 刘云 皮带式树干刮皮带的制造和使用方法
CN103828609B (zh) * 2014-02-25 2016-06-08 刘云 链条式树干刮皮带的制造和使用方法
US20160122970A1 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-05-05 The Charles Machine Works, Inc. Linked Tooth Digging Chain

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE695064A (de) 1967-08-14
AT275843B (de) 1969-11-10
GB1117859A (en) 1968-06-26
SE326022B (de) 1970-07-13
CH461769A (de) 1968-08-31
FR1513070A (fr) 1968-02-09
FI44289B (de) 1971-06-30

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