US3558151A - Rear tightener for safety ski bindings - Google Patents

Rear tightener for safety ski bindings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3558151A
US3558151A US816288A US3558151DA US3558151A US 3558151 A US3558151 A US 3558151A US 816288 A US816288 A US 816288A US 3558151D A US3558151D A US 3558151DA US 3558151 A US3558151 A US 3558151A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pusher
slider
spring
retaining frame
ski
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US816288A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Payrhammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marker International Co
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3558151A publication Critical patent/US3558151A/en
Assigned to MARKER-PATENTVERWERTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH., A SWISS CORP. reassignment MARKER-PATENTVERWERTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH., A SWISS CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MARKER, HANNES
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to MARKER INTERNATIONAL COMPANY reassignment MARKER INTERNATIONAL COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MARKER-PATENTVERWERTUNGSGELLSCHAFT GMBH
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/084—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/0844—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable the body pivoting about a transverse axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/0805—Adjustment of the toe or heel holders; Indicators therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/083—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with loosenable cable strap
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/084—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/0846—Details of the release or step-in mechanism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/084—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/0847—Details of the manual release

Definitions

  • a skiing boot pusher is disposed substantially between the legs of a U- or V-shaped retaining frame and is held on the same for pivotal movement about an axis which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ski and parallel to the tread of the ski.
  • the free ends of the legs constitute guides for two tension elements, by which the rear tightener is held on the ski and which act on the pusher through the intermediary of at least one spring, which spring or springs produce the force for holding down the heel and the contact pressure by which the toe portion of the skiing boot is forced against a retaining device.
  • a safety clutch is provided between the pusher and retaining frame and prevents a pivotal movement of the two parts relative to each other when the rear tightener is ready for use whereas it is disengaged to disconnect the two parts in response to an overload.
  • the pusher extends rearwardly beyond the axis on which it is pivoted to the retaining frame and forms a two-armed lever having a forward arm which has a free end engageable with the heel of the boot.
  • the other arm of the lever forms a guide which extends in the longitudinal direction of the lever and is in guiding engagement with a slider, to which the tension elements are connected.
  • Each spring has one end bearing on the slider and another end bearing on a fixed part of the pusher.
  • the clutch member carried by the pusher consists of a pin, which is mounted in the slider for longitudinal movement therein.
  • the clutch member carried by the retaining frame consists of a locking member, which can be arbitrarily released.
  • the pin is nonrotatably mounted in the slider and on a screw-threaded portion carries a knurled nut, which is disposed between the slider and that end of the spring which bears on the slider.
  • the present invention relates to a rear tightener for safety ski bindings, which rear tightener comprises a skiing boot pusher, which is disposed substantially between the legs of a U- or V-shaped retaining frame and is held on the same for pivotal movement about an axis which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ski and parallel to the tread of the ski, the free ends of the legs constituting guides for two tension elements, by which the rear tightener is held on the ski and which act on the pusher through the intermediary of at least one spring, which spring or springs produce the force for holding down the heel and the contact pressure by which the toe potrion of the skiing boot is forced against a retaining device, and a safety clutch being provided between the pusher and the retaining frame and preventing a pivotal movement of the two parts relative to each other when the rear tightener is ready for use whereas it is disengaged to disconnect the two parts in response to an overload.
  • a skiing boot pusher which is disposed substantially between the legs of a U- or V-shaped
  • the pivotal axis of the pusher is disposed at that end thereof which cannot be engaged with the heel of the boot and near the outer end of the retaining frame.
  • the inner ends of the tension elements are guided in or on the retaining frame.
  • a rear tightener for safety ski bindings which rear tightener comprises a skiing boot pusher, which is disposed substantially between the legs of a U- or V-shaped retaining frame and is held on the same for pivotal movement about an axis which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ski and parallel to the tread of the ski, the free ends of the legs constituting guides for two tension elements, by which the rear tightener is held on the ski and which act on the pusher through the intermediary of at least one spring, which spring or springs produce the force for holding down the heel and the contact pressure by which the toe portion of the skiing boot is forced against a retaining device, and a safety clutch being provided between the pusher and retaining frame and preventing a pivotal movement of the two parts relative to each other when the rear tightener is ready for use whereas it is disengaged to disconnect the two parts in response to an overload, the object set forth above is accomplished in that the pusher extends rearwardly beyond the axis on which it is pivoted to the retaining frame and
  • the clutch pin is suitably mounted in the slider for longitudinal movement therein so that the resistance to a release can be conveniently adjusted.
  • the pin may be desirably screw-threaded and mounted in a tapped hole of the slider.
  • a book as a locking member carried by the retaining frame and a spring which holds said locking member in its locking position.
  • the hook may have an angled-off arm, which serves as a handle for arbitrarily disengaging the clutch.
  • the hook may have at its free end portion an oblique run-up surface, which is run up by the clutch pin as the pusher is swung in so that the hook is then swung out against the force of its return spring.
  • the return spring will return the hook to its locking position, in which the nose of the hook engages the pin from behind.
  • the pin may be nonrotatably mounted in the slider and on a screw-threaded portion may carry a knurled nut, which is disposed between the slider and that end of the spring which bears on said slider.
  • the pin is suitably held against rotation in the slider by a bolt which extends in an elongated hole of the slider.
  • an adjustment of the resistance to a release requires an indicating device to avoid a wrong adjustment.
  • an indicating device can be provided in a simple manner in that the free end of the bolt forms a pointer and at least one longitudinal edge of the slot carries a scale.
  • an improved rear tightener comprises a retaining frame which is formed with a slot, which lies over the slot in the slider and exposes the free end of the pin when the rear tightener is ready for use, and at least one longitudinal edge of the slot in the retaining frame is provided with a scale.
  • the bolt end which serves as a pointer may then be used also to indicate the contact pressure.
  • the two scales are suitably similar and must only be mutually oppositely directed.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation showing a rear tightener according to the invention in a condition ready for use.
  • FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing the rear tightener of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view, partly cut open, showing the rear tightener of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a rear elevation showing a hook which constitutes a locking member.
  • FIG. 5 is a rear elevation showing the slider of the rear tightener according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on line VIVI of FIG. 3 and showing the rear tightener in opened condition.
  • FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a rear tightener immediately before a safety release.
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view showing a rear tightener according to a second embodiment of the invention ready for use.
  • FIG. 9 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing the rear tightener of FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 8 and shows the rear tightener when the skiing boot has not been inserted and with the right-hand end of the retaining frame cut open.
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 9 and showing the rear tightener in an open condition.
  • FIG. 12 is an elevation showing the rear tightener viewed in the direction XII of FIG. 8.
  • the tension elements 3 and 31, respectively consist preferably of wire ropes covered with plastics material and are secured to the ski by means of a suitable heel plate, which is known in various designs and for this reason is not shown here.
  • the tension elements are held on the heel plate for adjustment in length or the heel plate is longitudinally slidably held on the ski, e.g.,
  • This adjustment in length or longitudinal adjustment serves to adjust the rear tightener to skiing boots differing in size and to adjust the contact pressure between the skiing boot and a device for retaining the toe portion of such boot.
  • the rear tightener shown in FIGS. 1-7 comprises a pusher 6, which is pivoted by lateral pivot pins 7 to the legs of a substantially U-shaped retaining frame 4.
  • the free leg ends 5 of the retaining frame serve as guides for the tension elements 3.
  • the pusher 6 At its left-hand end in FIG. 3, the pusher 6 carries on a pin 2 a roller 1, which is engageable with the heel groove of a skiing boot, which is indicated in dash-dot lines in FIGS. 1, 6 and 7.
  • the pusher consists of a frame and comprises a helical compression spring 9, which bears at one end on a spring abutment 8, which is provided with a centering pin 10.
  • the other end of the helical compression spring bears on a slider 11, which has lateral extensions 20, 21, which are mounted in slots 23 in the side walls of the pusher 6 for slidable movement in the longitudinal direction of said pusher.
  • a centering pin which is provided on the slider serves to locate the spring end in position.
  • the two tension elements 3 are formed by the leg portions of a U-shaped cable, the bight portion of which is held in a recess 19 of the slider 11.
  • the slider 11 Under the influence of the helical compression spring 9, the slider 11 is normally held in its outer limiting position, which is apparent from FIG. 3.
  • the slider 11 has a central tapped hole 22 -(see particularly FIG. 5), which extends longitudinally of the pusher 6 and is in threaded engagement with a screw-threaded pin 12. The latter extends through a bore 24 (see FIG. 3) in the rear wall of the pusher 6.
  • the screw-threaded pin 12 forms one member of a safety clutch.
  • the other clutch member consists of a hook 15, which is rotatably mounted on the web 13 of the retaining frame 4 by a screw 17.
  • the hook is normally held in its locking position by a torsion spring 16.
  • An angledoff arm 18 of the hook serves as a handle for a pivotal movement of the hook against the force of the torsion spring 16 when an arbitrary disengagement of the clutch is desired.
  • the hook For an automatic engagement of the two members of the clutch when the rear tightener is moved into its position for use, the hook is provided at its free end portion with an oblique run-up surface 25, on which the screw-threaded pin 12 runs up when the pusher 6 is swung in so that the hook is swung out against the force of the spring 16.
  • the pin When the pin has moved past the nose 26 of the hook, the latter is returned by its return spring to its locking position, in which the nose of the hook engages the pin from behind so that the pusher 6 and the retaining frame 4 are locked together.
  • the retaining frame has a cross-member '14, which is parallel to the web 13 and connects the two legs.
  • FIG. 1 shows the rear tightener in condition ready for use.
  • the helical compression spring 9 is under a suitable initial stress and owing to the oblique position. of the pusher 6 and of the retaining frame 4 produces the force for holding down the heel and the contact pressure between the toe portion of the skiing boot and a device (not shown) for retaining such toe portion.
  • the skier desires to step out of the binding, he need only actuate the handle 18, e.g., with the aid of a ski stick tip, to swing the hook 15 against the force of the return spring 16 so that the hook '15 releases the screw-threaded pin 12.
  • the clutch between the retaining frame 4 and the pusher 6 has thus been disengaged, the heel of the skiing boot can be lifted from the rear tightener, as is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the binding is open as shown in FIG. 6 when it is to be applied to the boot.
  • the skier initially introduces the toe portion of the skiing boot into the retaining device provided for this purpose and then places the skiing boot on the ski.
  • the roller 1 of the pusher 6 is then inserted into the heel groove, whereby that end of the pusher which is on the right in FIG. 6 is swung upwardly and the pusher enters the retaining frame so that the screw-threaded pin 12 is locked behind the nose 26 of the hook 15.
  • the extent to which the screw-threaded pin 12 is screwed into the slider 11 will control the stress to be applied to the helical compression spring 9 until a safety release of the rear tightener occurs. In this way, the rear tightener can be adjusted to present a desired resistance to a release. It has been mentioned hereinbefore that the contact pressure is varied in that the tension elements 3 are adjusted longitudinally or in length.
  • the adjusted resistance to a release is indicated by that end portion of the screw-threaded pin 12 which protrudes from the pusher 6.
  • the length of that end portion is proportional to the force required for a release.
  • the contact pressure between the skiing boot and the device for retaining the toe portion of the skiing boot is indicated by the displacement of the lateral extensions 20, 21 of the slider 11 in the slots 23 of the pusher 6.
  • the embodiment of a rear tightener according to the invention shown in FIGS. 8-l2 has improved indicating means.
  • This second embodiment substantially corresponds to the first in design and mode of operation.
  • Two tensile elements 31 are connected to the binding by means of eyes held on respective pins 32 of a slider 33.
  • the slider 33 is mounted in a pusher 34 and the pins of the slider are slidable in slots formed in the side walls of the pusher and extending in the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • the pusher again carries a pin 35, on which a roller 36 is mounted, which is engageable with the heel groove of the skiing boot, which is indicated by dash-dot lines in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the rear tightener comprises a substantially U-shaped retaining frame 37, which has a web 38 and legs 39 and 40, which are connected by an additional cross-member 41.
  • the free limb ends of the retaining frame serve to guide the two tension elements 31.
  • the pusher 34 is pivoted to the legs 39, 40 by lateral pivot pins 42.
  • the pusher again accommodates a helical compression spring 43, which bears on a spring abutment 44, which has a hollow pin for centering the spring.
  • the other end of the spring bears on the slider 33 with a knurled nut 46 interposed.
  • a pin 47 is longitudinally slidably mounted in the slider and has a screw-threaded portion in threaded engagement with the knurled nut. A rotation of the pin in the slider is prevented by a bolt 48, which is guided in a slot 49 of the slider.
  • the pin 47 forms one member of a safety clutch.
  • the other member of the clutch consists again of a hook 50, which is rotatably secured to the web 38 of the retaining frame 37 by a screw 51 and under the action of a torsion spring 52 tending to hold the hook in its locking position (see particularly FIG. 12).
  • the web 38 of the retaining frame contains a slot 53, which lies over the slot 49 in the slider 33 when the rear tightener is ready for use (see particularly FIG. 9).
  • the hook 50 has an angled-off arm 54, which serves as a handle for arbitrarily disengaging the clutch.
  • the hook is formed at its free end with an oblique run-up surface 55.
  • a nose 56 of the hook engages the pin 47 from behind (see FIG. 12).
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show the rear tightener ready for use.
  • the skier To step out of the binding, the skier must disengage the clutch and to that end applies pressure to the arm 54 of the hook to disengage the latter from the pin 47.
  • the heel of the skiing boot can now be lifted from the rear tightener, as is shown in FIG. 11.
  • the pivotal movement of the pusher will reduce the distance between the slider and the free leg ends of the retaining frame so that the entire rear tightener can be pushed further outwardly along the tension elements and the heel of the boot cannot be caught by the pusher.
  • the pin 47 extends through a hole in the rear wall of the pusher and by a rotation of the knurled nut 46 is selectively moved out of or into the pusher 34.
  • the resistance to a release is thus adjusted when the rear tightener is open, as is shown in FIG. 11.
  • the free end of the bolt 48 serves as a pointer.
  • the longitudinal edges of the slot 49 in the slider 33 are provided with a scale, which divides the range of adjustment into, e.g., four stages, as is shown in FIG. 10.
  • an indicating device is provided, which is formed by the free end of the bolt 48 and a scale at the longitudinal edges of the slot 53 in the web 38.
  • This scale is like the scale on the slider 33 but oppositely directed.
  • a rear tightener for safety ski bindings which rear tightener comprises a skiing boot pusher, which is disposed substantially between the legs of a U- or V-shaped retaining frame and is held on the same for pivotal movement about an axis which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ski and parallel to the tread of the ski, the free ends of the legs constituting guides for two tension elements, by which the rear tightener is held on the ski and which act on the pusher through the intermediary of at least one spring, which spring or springs produce the force for holding down the heel and the contact pressure by which the toe portion of the skiing boot is forced against a retaining device, a safety clutch being provided between the pusher and retaining frame and preventing a pivotal movement of the two parts relative to each other when the rear tightener is ready for use whereas it is disengaged to disconnect the two parts in response to an overload, the pusher (6, 34) extending rearwardly beyond the axis (7, 42) on which it is pivoted to the retaining frame (4, 37),
  • a rear tightener according to claim 1 characterized in that the pin (47) is held against rotation in the slider (33) by a bolt (48), which is guided in a slot (49) of the slider.
  • a rear tightener according to claim 2 characterized by a device for indicating the resistance to a release, the
  • a rear tightener according to claim 3 characterized in that a slot (53) formed in the retaining frame (37) lies over the slot (49) of the slider (33) and exposes the free end of the bolt (48) when the rear tightener is ready for use and at least one longitudinal edge of the slot (53) in the retaining frame (37 carries a scale.

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  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
US816288A 1968-04-19 1969-04-15 Rear tightener for safety ski bindings Expired - Lifetime US3558151A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681703225 DE1703225A1 (de) 1968-04-19 1968-04-19 Fersenstrammer fuer Sicherheits-Skibindungen
DE19691911740 DE1911740A1 (de) 1968-04-19 1969-03-07 Fersenstrammer fuer Sicherheits-Skibindungen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3558151A true US3558151A (en) 1971-01-26

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ID=25754658

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US816288A Expired - Lifetime US3558151A (en) 1968-04-19 1969-04-15 Rear tightener for safety ski bindings
US816289A Expired - Lifetime US3573878A (en) 1968-04-19 1969-04-15 Rear tightener for safety ski bindings

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US816289A Expired - Lifetime US3573878A (en) 1968-04-19 1969-04-15 Rear tightener for safety ski bindings

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US3558151A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT288933B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH487657A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CS (1) CS153037B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE1703225A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2006533A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1249239A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO123780B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE344016B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995880A (en) * 1974-10-31 1976-12-07 Hope Kabushiki Kaisha Heel piece of a ski safety binding

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT351981B (de) * 1975-11-29 1979-08-27 Wunder Kg Heinrich Fersenstrammer fuer sicherheits-skibindungen
DE2553886C3 (de) * 1975-11-29 1981-10-08 Heinrich Wunder GmbH & Co KG, 8060 Dachau Fersenstrammer für Sicherheits-Skibindungen
FR3111672B1 (fr) 2020-06-23 2022-08-12 Psa Automobiles Sa Contrôle de l’avance à l’injection sur un moteur à combustion diesel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO115898B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1964-02-10 1968-12-23 Marker Hannes
AT272166B (de) * 1964-03-20 1969-06-25 Richard Erlebach Sicherheitsskibindung
DE1478138C3 (de) * 1965-03-10 1979-02-01 Marker, Hannes, 8100 Garmischpartenkirchen Fersenstrammer für Sicherheits-Skibindungen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995880A (en) * 1974-10-31 1976-12-07 Hope Kabushiki Kaisha Heel piece of a ski safety binding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH487657A (de) 1970-03-31
SE344016B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-27
DE1703225A1 (de) 1972-01-13
US3573878A (en) 1971-04-06
AT288933B (de) 1971-03-25
NO123780B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-17
CS153037B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-22
FR2006533A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-26
DE1911740A1 (de) 1970-09-24
GB1249239A (en) 1971-10-13

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AS Assignment

Owner name: MARKER-PATENTVERWERTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH., BAAR, S

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MARKER, HANNES;REEL/FRAME:004089/0014

Effective date: 19820804

AS Assignment

Owner name: MARKER INTERNATIONAL COMPANY,UTAH

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MARKER-PATENTVERWERTUNGSGELLSCHAFT GMBH;REEL/FRAME:004906/0245

Effective date: 19880331

Owner name: MARKER INTERNATIONAL COMPANY, P.O. BOX 26548, SALT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MARKER-PATENTVERWERTUNGSGELLSCHAFT GMBH;REEL/FRAME:004906/0245

Effective date: 19880331