US3555741A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Grinding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3555741A
US3555741A US710363A US3555741DA US3555741A US 3555741 A US3555741 A US 3555741A US 710363 A US710363 A US 710363A US 3555741D A US3555741D A US 3555741DA US 3555741 A US3555741 A US 3555741A
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United States
Prior art keywords
force
grinding
wheelhead
grinding machine
spindle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US710363A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert S Hahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heald Machine Co
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Heald Machine Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heald Machine Co filed Critical Heald Machine Co
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Publication of US3555741A publication Critical patent/US3555741A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load

Definitions

  • a F further 'ohjectrof the present:-:invention isat wision:of--a.,gr inding machi-nein which Lanmnskill man :need not beiconcerned agboutzspindle; dfifin for readjusting for both size and taperjzifte ehanging the grinding force.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a grinding machine embodying the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a wheelhead incorporated in the machine.
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the machine taken on the line III-III of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a control apparatus incorporated in the machine.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of spindle deflection with force in the case of two typical grinding spindles.
  • Also mounted on the base is a cross-slide 14 arranged for-sliding transversely of the axis of the workpiece under the" impetus of a feed cylinder 15 which is operable under hydraulic pressure to provide a predetermined level of force in'grinding'.
  • a position transducer 16 is an instrument of the LVDT type which gives an electrical signal indicative of the position of a movable core.
  • Mounted on the cross-slide for pivotal movement about an axis 17 is afwheelhead 18.' The wheelhead is provided with a cantilever spindle 19 which carries on its outer end an abrasive Wheel'Q-l arranged for the generation of a bore inthe workpiece 13. w.
  • Thel'cross-slide .14 is connected to'the base by a dash- 'p'ot 22 wh ich .assu'resagainst erratic movement thereof.
  • an angular adjustingmotor 23 which operates on the wheelhead througlia bal1..Srew.-24.
  • an electro-hydra-ulic valve 2 Connected in the hydraulic line lea li ng to the feed cylinder 15 is an electro-hydra-ulic valve 2 5,wh ich is capable of varying the pressure in the teed' cylinder in accordance with an error signal introduced to'the valve.
  • FIG S. 2 and 3 show the manner in which a proximity gagefzti associated with the wheelhead 18 and the spindle 19.
  • a signal lead 2 7 extends away from the w eelhea'd and is'bonn'ected 'to a non-contacting position "t'r'an'sduce'r,”such' asthe Bentley pickup 28.
  • This equipment is associated with a slinger 29 which surrounds the spindle of the wheelhead as it emerges from the wheelhead. Extending around the slinger is a bronze sensing ring 31 which is fixed to the slinger which, in turn, is fixed to the spindle in the wheelhead.
  • the ring 31 has an outer cylindrical surface 32 and the sensing element of the Bentley pickup '28 lies closely adjacent to this surface.
  • the pickup has the characteristic of giving an electrical signal proportional to the closeness that its senser lies to a ere given surface. Since the spindle 19 is mounted in bearingstlttin the wheelhead, any deflection either radial or angular in the spindle will result in a change in distance between the surface 32 and the senser of the Bentley pickup 28, thus resulting in a change in electrical signal on the lead 27.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of this system.
  • the input voltage is also fed to the positioning motor 23 causing the wheelhead to be swiveled by the proper amount to exactly nullify the angular deflection of the wheel.
  • the feedback signal from the Bentley pickup 28 (the wheelhead dynamometer) is subtracted from the LVDT transducer 16 signal from the cross-slide 14 and is fed to a meter relay 33.
  • the meter relay fires at a given voltage level so that, as higher forces are used, the cross slide has to move grinders whose operation .isgreatly simplified. An unskilled workman does not have to concern himself about spindle deflections and he does not have to readjust the machine for both size and taper after changing the grinding force.
  • thergrinding force can be changed as the wheel becomes'smaller due to wheel wear and this permits friaintaining the proper cutting action and surface finish fo'r'new wheelsofinitial Wheeldia'meter' as well as for used wprndown wheels of smaller diameteriIt makes it possible to'change the g'rinding-force to compensate for wheel dulling and for variations in workpiece grindability, For instance, some workpieces grind much slower than others, even in the same batch ofworkpieces.
  • both the bore size and taper become independent of the grinding force, i.e., programmed changes in grinding force do not affect the bore size or the straightness of the bore.
  • FIG. 5 is interesting in giving the general picture of the radial and angular deflection in a large and small wheelhead and shaft as the force changes at the grinding wheel. It can be seen, for instance, that a 10 pound force change will cause a little over .0001" change in deflection which means .0002" in diameter change and will result in .0002"/inch taper, so that inaccuracies introduced by relatively small changes in force can be quite appreciable. It can be seen that by use of the present apparatus it is no longer necessary to worry about spindle deflections. It is possible, then, to change the grinding force from one value to another during the grinding cycle Without afi'ecting size or taper. This can lead to the concept of programmed force profiles as inputs to the control system.
  • A-grinding machine comprising a a M (b) a workhead mounted 'onthe base and adapted to .t pp a OI P Q w (c);-.a wheelhead-mounted ontthe base and including 1 1a rotatablespindle with an abrasivewheel,
  • a control receiving theelectrical signal derived from ithe proximity-gage and ,comparing.it; with a rnaster signal indicativeaof thedesired force, the error sigi nal derived from the comparison being usedto adjust the valve .for brin gingkabo'utthe desired grinding forc'e..-.,L1l 1' r p 2-.-:A..;'grinding machine as recited in' claim 1,'wherein the rQXimity'L'gage consists. of a ring mounted on the spindle and an felectrical proximity element. mounted in theiwheelhe'adzand having a sensing memberlyingadjacent the cylindrical surfaceof the ring.
  • LIA-grinding machine as recited-in claim .1, wherein an electricahmeasuringelement derives asignaliindicative ofthe relative position; between the workhea'dsand thewheelhe ad-and feeds thatcsig'naliinto the said control that complete information about the optimum force profile could be punched onto IBM punch cards and this card used as an input to the grinding machine to control the force cycle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
US710363A 1968-03-04 1968-03-04 Grinding machine Expired - Lifetime US3555741A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US71036368A 1968-03-04 1968-03-04

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US3555741A true US3555741A (en) 1971-01-19

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US710363A Expired - Lifetime US3555741A (en) 1968-03-04 1968-03-04 Grinding machine

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US (1) US3555741A (de)
DE (1) DE1910690A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1251089A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3748789A (en) * 1970-08-28 1973-07-31 Toyoda Machine Works Ltd Grinding machine
US4628643A (en) * 1985-11-27 1986-12-16 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Grinding wheel infeed control method
US4653235A (en) * 1985-11-20 1987-03-31 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Superabrasive grinding with variable spark-out and wheel dressing intervals
US5025594A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-06-25 Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corp. Method and apparatus for controlling grinding processes
US5042206A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-08-27 Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corp. Method and apparatus for controlling grinding processes
US5044125A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-09-03 Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corp. Method and apparatus for controlling grinding processes

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2207371B (en) * 1987-07-25 1992-01-02 Francis Malcolm John Nickols Apparatus and methods for automatically determining the radius described by a tool tip mounted for a rotary machining operation
AT390494B (de) * 1987-12-11 1990-05-10 Vaillant Gmbh Abgasfuehrung fuer zumindest zwei einander benachbart angeordnete brennerbeheizte geraete

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3748789A (en) * 1970-08-28 1973-07-31 Toyoda Machine Works Ltd Grinding machine
US4653235A (en) * 1985-11-20 1987-03-31 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Superabrasive grinding with variable spark-out and wheel dressing intervals
US4628643A (en) * 1985-11-27 1986-12-16 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Grinding wheel infeed control method
US5025594A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-06-25 Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corp. Method and apparatus for controlling grinding processes
US5042206A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-08-27 Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corp. Method and apparatus for controlling grinding processes
US5044125A (en) * 1988-09-02 1991-09-03 Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corp. Method and apparatus for controlling grinding processes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1910690A1 (de) 1969-10-02
GB1251089A (de) 1971-10-27

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