US3554489A - Coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle - Google Patents
Coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3554489A US3554489A US755424A US3554489DA US3554489A US 3554489 A US3554489 A US 3554489A US 755424 A US755424 A US 755424A US 3554489D A US3554489D A US 3554489DA US 3554489 A US3554489 A US 3554489A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stopper head
- receptacle
- coating
- nozzle
- molten metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 gulac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
Abstract
A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle comprising a stopper head body with a coating thereon so that when the stopper head is in position closing the nozzle and molten metal is introduced into the relatively cold receptacle metal freezes in the bottom of the receptacle and against the coating of the stopper head, the coating being of material which is nonwetting or lubricating with respect to the solidified metal and hence inhibits the adherence of the solidified metal to the stopper head so that when the stopper head is subsequently urged upwardly to permit outflow of molten metal through the nozzle the coating minimizes the adherence of the solidified metal to the stopper head and permits free movement of the stopper head in the bottom of the receptacle. The coating preferably comprises finely divided nonwetting or lubricating refractory material and a binder and is desirably of such consistency that it may be applied by dipping. The coating preferably comprises an unfired nonwetting or lubricating refractory powder. The coating is preferably formed in situ on the stopper head body.
Description
United States Patent [72] Inventor Ronald V. Kilgore Croaopolis. Pa.
Aug. 26, 1968 Jan. 12, 1971 Vesv'ius Crucible Company Swissvale, Pa.
a corporation of Pennsylvania [21 Appl. No. [22] Filed [45] Patented [73] Assignee [54] COATED STOPPER HEAD FOR CONTROLLING OUTFLOW OF MOLTEN METAL THROUGH THE NOZZLE OF A BOTTOM POUR RECEPTACLE 4 Claims, No Drawings [52] US. Cl 251/356 [51] Int. Cl... Fl6k 21/00 [50] Field ot'Search 251/291,
356; l l8/(lnquired); 164/73; 222/544, 559; ll7/5.l(ln part), 5.2(ln part), 5.3(ln part) Primary Examiner-Samuel Scott Attorney-Edward Hoopes, [11
ABSTRACT: A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle comprising a stopper head body with a coating thereon so that when the stopper head is in position closing the nozzle and molten metal is introduced into the relatively cold receptacle metal freezes in the bottom of the receptacle and against the coating of the stopper head, the coating being of material which is nonwetting or lubricating with respect to the solidified metal and hence inhibits the adherence of the solidified metal to the stopper head so that when the stopper head is subsequently urged upwardly to permit outflow of molten metal through the nozzle the coating minimizes the adherence of the solidified metal to the stopper head and permits free movement of the stopper head in the bottom of the receptacle. The coating preferably comprises finely divided nonwetting or lubricating refractory material and a binder and is desirably of such consistency that it may be applied by dipping. The coating preferably comprises an unfired nonwetting or lubricating refractory powder. The coating is preferably formed in situ on the stopper head body.
COATED STOPPER HEAD FOR CONTROLLING OUTFLOW OF MOLTEN METAL THROUGH THE NOZZLE OF ABOTTOM POUR RECEPTACLE This invention relates to a coated stopper head for com trolling outflow of molten metal through the nonle of a bottom pour receptacle. While the invention is of wide application it has especial utility in stopper heads for bottom pour receptacles for pouring or teeming molten metal such as bottom pour ladles and tundishes used for pouring or teeming molten steel either into ingot molds or into continuous casting apparatus. 7
For purposes of explanation and illustration the invention will be described as applied to a stopper head for a bottom pour molten steel ladle or: tundish. When molten steel at a temperature of the order of 2900 F. is introduced into a relatively cold receptacle such as a ladle or tundish having a nozzle in its bottom which is initially closed by a stopper head (see, for example, US. Pat. No. 3,352,534) the great difference in temperature between the incoming molten steel on the one hand and the receptacle, including the nonle and stopper head, on the other hand is so great that some of the molten steel freezes in the bottom of the receptacle. This is a phenomenon well known to those skilled in the art which has existed since the inception of the use of bottom pour receptacles for handling molten steel. The solidified or frozen steel in the bottom of the receptaclefreezes against the stopper head rendering difficult or impossible the raising of the stopper head to permit outflow of molten steel through the nozzle in the bottom of the receptacle. The result is damage to the stopper head in any effort to free it'from the frozen steel which in turn makes imposible optimum control of outflow of steel from the receptacle and in many cases results in inability to shut off the flow at all once the stopper head is unseated.
Various efforts have been made to solve the problem. For example, materials such as sand or lead have been introduced around the stopper head at the upper portion of the nozzle in an attempt to provide a temporary barrier between the stopper head and the initial increment of molten steel entering the receptacle. Such procedures are difficult and cumbersome due to the temperature of .a preheated receptacle which may be of the order of several hundred degrees' Fahrenheit. Moreover they have not satisfactorilyprevented' the molten steel from freezing against the stopper head, and the introduction of such foreign materials is detrimental to the quality of v I have solved the problem by providing a stopper head for controlling outflow of moltenrnetal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle comprising a stopper head body with a coating thereon so that when the stopper head is I in position closing the nozzle and molten metal is introduced into the relatively cold receptacle freezes in the bottom of the receptacle and against the coating of the stopper head, the coating being of material which is nonwetting or lubricat ing with respect to the solidifiedmetal and hence inhibits the adherence of the solidified metal to the stopper head so that when the stopper head is subsequently urged upwardly to permit outflow of molten metal through the nozzle the coating minimizes the adherence of the solidified metal to the stopper head and permits free movement of the stopper head in the bottom of the receptacle. The coating preferably comprises finely divided nonwettingor lubricating refractory material and a binder and is desirably of such consistency that it may be applied by dipping, The coating preferably comprises an unfired nonwetting or lubricating refractory powder. The coating is preferably formed in situ on the stopper head body.
The coating acts with respect to the metal in the nature of to the stopper head.
Nonwettmg or lubricating refractory material may be of various compositions; examples are natural graphite, pyrolytic graphite, amorphous carbon, refractory impregnated paper or any one of the commonly used refractory grains either alone or with one or more of the above mentioned materials. Such material is mixed with a binder to fonn a slurry, mortar, dip coat or wash. The binder may be of various compositions; examples are dextrose, gulac, starch, phosphoric acid or even raw clay. As above stated, the slurry or mixture of finely divided nonwetting or lubricating refractory material and binder is preferably of such consistency that it may be applied by dipping or it may be applied by brushing or spraying. The thickness of the coating may be of the order of one-fourth inch, more or less. p
While I have described certain present preferred embodiments of the invention it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variously embodied within the scope of the following claims.
lclaim: I I
l. A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle comprising a stopper head body witha coating thereon so that when the stopper head is in position closing the nozzle and molten metal is introduced into the relatively cold receptacle dipping.
herence of the solidified metal to the stopper head and permits free movement of the stopper head in the bottom of the receptacle.
2, A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle as claimed in claim 1 in which the coating comprises finely divided nonwetting or lubricating refractory material and a binder and is of such consistency that it may be applied by 3. A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle as claimed in claim 1 in which the coating comprises an unfired nonwetting or lubricating refractory powder.
Claims (3)
- 2. A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle as claimed in claim 1 in which the coating comprises finely divided nonwetting or lubricating refractory material and a binder and is of such consistency that it may be applied by dipping.
- 3. A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle as claimed in claim 1 in which the coating comprises an unfired nonwetting or lubricating refractory powder.
- 4. A coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle as claimed in claim 1 in which the coating is formed in situ on the stopper head body.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US75542468A | 1968-08-26 | 1968-08-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3554489A true US3554489A (en) | 1971-01-12 |
Family
ID=25039087
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US755424A Expired - Lifetime US3554489A (en) | 1968-08-26 | 1968-08-26 | Coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3554489A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5916473A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1999-06-29 | Kerin; Joseph J. | Steel pouring nozzle |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2225373A (en) * | 1937-07-29 | 1940-12-17 | Norman P Goss | Method and apparatus for casting metal |
| US2883722A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1959-04-28 | Bidner John | Method and apparatus for freeing stopper rod in bottom pouring steel ladle |
| US3052936A (en) * | 1956-10-01 | 1962-09-11 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of continuously casting metals |
| US3124854A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | James | ||
| US3180632A (en) * | 1961-10-02 | 1965-04-27 | North American Aviation Inc | Coated crucible and crucible and mold coating method |
| US3192582A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1965-07-06 | Harbison Walker Refractories | Bottom pour ladle nozzle and stopper rod construction |
| US3196504A (en) * | 1962-02-27 | 1965-07-27 | Republic Steel Corp | Cast nozzle inserts |
| US3387985A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | 1968-06-11 | Landis & Gyr Ag | Method of producing permanently lubricated bearings |
| US3389006A (en) * | 1964-05-18 | 1968-06-18 | Armco Steel Corp | Process for forming a refractory coating on silicon-iron stock |
| US3428464A (en) * | 1965-02-02 | 1969-02-18 | Alchem Ltd | Refractory coating compositions |
| US3429486A (en) * | 1966-01-10 | 1969-02-25 | Dresser Ind | Tar impregnated fused silica stopper head |
-
1968
- 1968-08-26 US US755424A patent/US3554489A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3124854A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | James | ||
| US2225373A (en) * | 1937-07-29 | 1940-12-17 | Norman P Goss | Method and apparatus for casting metal |
| US3052936A (en) * | 1956-10-01 | 1962-09-11 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of continuously casting metals |
| US2883722A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1959-04-28 | Bidner John | Method and apparatus for freeing stopper rod in bottom pouring steel ladle |
| US3180632A (en) * | 1961-10-02 | 1965-04-27 | North American Aviation Inc | Coated crucible and crucible and mold coating method |
| US3196504A (en) * | 1962-02-27 | 1965-07-27 | Republic Steel Corp | Cast nozzle inserts |
| US3192582A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1965-07-06 | Harbison Walker Refractories | Bottom pour ladle nozzle and stopper rod construction |
| US3387985A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | 1968-06-11 | Landis & Gyr Ag | Method of producing permanently lubricated bearings |
| US3389006A (en) * | 1964-05-18 | 1968-06-18 | Armco Steel Corp | Process for forming a refractory coating on silicon-iron stock |
| US3428464A (en) * | 1965-02-02 | 1969-02-18 | Alchem Ltd | Refractory coating compositions |
| US3429486A (en) * | 1966-01-10 | 1969-02-25 | Dresser Ind | Tar impregnated fused silica stopper head |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5916473A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1999-06-29 | Kerin; Joseph J. | Steel pouring nozzle |
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