US3553892A - Lapping machine with dressing mechanism - Google Patents

Lapping machine with dressing mechanism Download PDF

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US3553892A
US3553892A US701293*A US3553892DA US3553892A US 3553892 A US3553892 A US 3553892A US 3553892D A US3553892D A US 3553892DA US 3553892 A US3553892 A US 3553892A
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lapping
carriage
dressing
wheel
roller
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US701293*A
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Peter J Sommer
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AMERICAN GAGE AND MACHINE Co
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AMERICAN GAGE AND MACHINE Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/04—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels
    • B24B53/053—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels using a rotary dressing tool

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  • This invention relates to lapping machines, particularly a centerless lapping machine of the type comprising two lapping rollers of different sizes, with a narrow gap between the rollers.
  • the rollers are adapted to receive a lapping compound which is a fine abrasive.
  • the workpieces are fed along the upper crotch between the two rollers. Due to the rotation of the rollers, the workpiece is frictionally driven so that it also rotates. A lapping action also occurs, primarily between the workpiece and the larger lapping roller, so that the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is lapped or polished.
  • the lapping machine is provided with a dressing wheel which is engageable with one of the lapping rollers, preferably the larger roller.
  • a carriage is provided to support the dressing wheel.
  • the carriage is fitted with first means for rotatably supporting the dressing wheel, and second means for driving the wheel.
  • Third means are provided for movably supporting the carriage so that the dressing wheel can be moved into and out of engagement with the lapping roller.
  • the dressing wheel is removable from the carriage so that the wheel may be employed as a hand held dressing tool, for use in dressing the smaller lapping roller.
  • the movable support for the carriage preferably takes the form of an arm which is pivotally supported for swinging movement about an axis parallel to the axis of the larger lapping roller. In this way, the dressing wheel can be swung with the carriage, into engagement with the larger lapping roller.
  • the dressing wheel is preferably made of metal.
  • a lapping compound is employed between the wheel and the roller during the dressing operation.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary diagrammatic section, taken generally along the line 22 in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view, taken at an inclined angle, generally as indicated by the line 33 in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. l, but showing changed positions of the dressing mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a centerless lapping machine 10 of the usual type having two lapping rollers 12 and 14, both of which are preferably made of metal, such as cast iron, for example. Normally, one of the rollers is larger than the other. Thus, in the illustrated machine 10 the roller 12 is substantially larger than the roller 14. Both of the rollers 12 and 14 are driven at fairly low speeds, preferably in the same direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the rollers 12 and 14 are driven counterclockwise.
  • rollers 12 and 14 are close together, but with a definite space 16 therebetween. Thus, the rollers 12 and 14 do not engage each other.
  • the workpieces to be lapped are fed along the upper crotch 18 between the two rollers 12 and 14.
  • the illustrated rollers 12 and 14 are positioned with their axes parallel and at the same horizontal level. Thus, the workpieces will be retained by gravity in the upper crotch 18.
  • One such workpiece 20 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the workpiece 20 is illustrated in the form of a cylindrical pin. However, it will be understood that the machine may be employed to lap a wide variety of workpieces.
  • the rollers 12 and 14 are charged with a lapping compound, in the form of a fine abrasive composition.
  • the workpiece 20 is frictionally driven by the rollers 12 and 14 so that the workpiece is continuously rotated. Due to the different sizes. of the rollers 12 and 14, a lapping action is also produced on the work-piece, so that the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is lapped or polished.
  • the lapping operation occurs primarily between the larger roller 12 and the workpiece 20.
  • the smaller roller 14 performs the primary function of frictionally driving the workpiece so that it will be continuously rotated.
  • the lapping rollers 12 and 14 are subject to wear during normal operation. Thus, it is occasionally necessary to dress the lapping rollers 12 and 14 so that they will be made truly cylindrical. Because the lapping operation is primarily carried out by the larger roller 12, it is necessary to dress the larger roller much more frequently than the smaller roller 14.
  • the illustrated lapping machine 10 is provided with a mechanism 22 which is primarily intended for dressing the larger roller 12, but also may be employed to dress the smaller roller 14.
  • the illustrated dressing mechanism 22 comprises a rotary dressing Wheel or disc 24, preferably made of metal, such as cast iron, for example. The rotation of the dressing wheel 24 may be in either direction.
  • the dressing wheel 24 is formed with a flat radial surface 26 which is engageable with the cylindrical surface of the lapping roller 12.
  • the dressing wheel 24 is rotatably mounted on a movable carriage 28 and is adapted to be continuously rotated during the dressing operation.
  • the carriage 28 is movable toward and away from the roller 12, so that the wheel 24 may be moved into and out of engagement with the lapping roller 12.
  • a lapping compound is employed between the wheel 24 and the roller 12 during the dressing operation.
  • the dressing wheel 24 is readily removable from the carriage 28. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the dressing wheel 3 24 may be held by hand against the smaller roller 14, for use in dressing the smaller wheel.
  • a spline shaft 30 is secured to the illustrated dressing :wheel 24.
  • the axis of the shaft 30 is perpendicular to the flat face 26 of the wheel 24.
  • the spline shaft 30 is adapted to be removably received within a coupling member 32 which is rotatably mounted on the carriage 28.
  • the coupling member 32 is formed with a splined bore 34 for receiving the shaft 30.
  • the shaft 34 is retained within the coupling member 32 by detent means 36, engageable with an annular groove 38 in the shaft.
  • the dressing wheel 24 is continuously rotated by drive means 40, preferably comprising a motor 42 mounted on the carriage 28.
  • the motor 42 is suitably connected to the rotatable coupling member 32, preferably by meshing gears 44 and 46.
  • the carriage 28 is supported by an arm 48 which is swingably mounted'on a pivot shaft 50.
  • a pivot shaft 50 is positioned with its axis parallel to the axis of the roller 12.
  • the carriage 28 is swung upwardly, so that the dressing wheel 24 is out of engagement with the lapping roller 12.
  • the motor 42 is energized so that the dressing wheel 24 will be continuously rotated.
  • the carriage 28 and the supporting arm 48 are then swung downwardly until the flat face 26 of the dressing wheel 24 engages the lapping roller 12.
  • a lapping compound is employed between the dressing wheel 24 and the roller 12 to perform the dressing operation.
  • the carriage 28 is again swung away from the roller 12.
  • the dressing wheel 24 may be removed from the carriage 28. As shown in FIG. 4, the dressing wheel 24 is held by hand against the smaller roller 14 to carry out the dressing operation.
  • the dressing mechanism of the present invention makes it possible to dress the rollers of the lapping machine with a high degree of precision, yet with great facility.
  • the dressing operation is carried out very quickly and easily.
  • a cylindrical lapping roller made of metal and adapted to receive a lapping compound
  • a dressing wheel made of metal and having a flat radial side surface for engaging said lapping roller
  • pivot means supporting said arm and said carriage for swinging movement about a pivot axis parallel to the cylindrical axis of said lapping roller.
  • said driving means comprises a hollow rotatable member on said carriage
  • said shaft and said dressing wheel may readily be removed from said rotatable member and said carriage for use of said Wheel as a hand held dressing tool.
  • said driving means comprises a drive motor mounted on said carriage
  • said dressing wheel has a spline shaft secured thereto and extending substantially perpendicular to said fiat radial side surfaces of said wheel
  • said driving means comprising a rotatable coupling member on said carriage for removably receiving said spline shaft
  • said driving means comprising a drive motor for rotating said coupling motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

A LAPPING MACHINE, COMPRISING FIRST AND SECOND LAPPING ROLLERS, A DRESSING WHEEL HAVING A FLAT RADIAL SURFACE FOR ENGAGING SAID FIRST LAPPING ROLLER, A CARRIAGE FOR SUPPORTING SAID DRESSING WHEEL, A SPLINE SHAFT SECURED TO SAID WHEEL, A ROTATABLE COUPLING MEMBER ON SAID CARRIAGE FOR REMOVABLY RECEIVING SAID SPLINE SHAFT, A DRIVE MOTOR ON SAID CARRIAGE FOR ROTATING SAID COUPLING MEMBER AND THEREBY ROTATING SAID WHEEL, AN ARM SUPPORTING SAID CARRIAGE AND A SHAFT PIVOTALLY SUPPORTING SAID ARM FOR SWINGING MOVEMENT ABOUT AN AXIS SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL TO THE AXIS OF SAID FIRST LAPPING ROLLER, WHEREBY THE DRESSING WHEEL IS MOVABLE WITH SAID CARRIAGE INTO AND OUT OF ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID FIRST LAPPING ROLLER, SAID DRESSING WHEEL AND SAID SPLINE SHAFT BEING REMOVABLE FROM SAID CARRIAGE WHEREBY SAID DRESSING WHEEL CAN BE EMPLOYED TO DRESS SAID SECOND LAPPING ROLLER.

Description

P. J. SOMMER 3,553,892
LAPPING MACHINE WITH DRESSING MECHANISM Jan. 12, 1971 Filed Jan.- 29, 1968 lNVE/VTOQ b a I gal/25077271237 United States Patent 3,553,892 LAPPING MACHINE WITH DRESSING MECHANISM Peter J. Sommer, Elmhurst, Ill., assignor to American Gage & Machine Company, Chicago, 11]., a corporation of Illinois Filed Jan. 29, 1968, Ser. No. 701,293 Int. Cl. B24b 7 00, 9/00 U.S. Cl. 51-5 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A lapping machine, comprising first and second lapping rollers, a dressing wheel having a fiat radial surface for engaging said first lapping roller, a carriage for supporting said dressing wheel, a spline shaft secured to said wheel, a rotatable coupling member on said carriage for removably receiving said spline shaft, a drive motor on said carriage for rotating said coupling member and thereby rotating said wheel, an arm supporting said carriage and a shaft pivotally supporting said arm for swinging movement about an axis substantially parallel to the axis of said first lapping roller, whereby the dressing wheel is movable with said carriage into and out of engagement with said first lapping roller, said dressing wheel and said spline shaft being removable from said carriage whereby said dressing wheel can be employed to dress said second lapping roller.
This invention relates to lapping machines, particularly a centerless lapping machine of the type comprising two lapping rollers of different sizes, with a narrow gap between the rollers. The rollers are adapted to receive a lapping compound which is a fine abrasive. The workpieces are fed along the upper crotch between the two rollers. Due to the rotation of the rollers, the workpiece is frictionally driven so that it also rotates. A lapping action also occurs, primarily between the workpiece and the larger lapping roller, so that the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is lapped or polished.
Occasionally, it is necessary to dress the lapping rollers, so that they will be made truly cylindrical. The larger lapping roller requires dressing much more frequently than the smaller roller.
In accordance with the present invention, the lapping machine is provided with a dressing wheel which is engageable with one of the lapping rollers, preferably the larger roller. A carriage is provided to support the dressing wheel. The carriage is fitted with first means for rotatably supporting the dressing wheel, and second means for driving the wheel. Third means are provided for movably supporting the carriage so that the dressing wheel can be moved into and out of engagement with the lapping roller. Preferably, the dressing wheel is removable from the carriage so that the wheel may be employed as a hand held dressing tool, for use in dressing the smaller lapping roller. The movable support for the carriage preferably takes the form of an arm which is pivotally supported for swinging movement about an axis parallel to the axis of the larger lapping roller. In this way, the dressing wheel can be swung with the carriage, into engagement with the larger lapping roller. The dressing wheel is preferably made of metal. A lapping compound is employed between the wheel and the roller during the dressing operation.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will appear from the following description, taken with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevational view, showing a lapping machine which is equipped with a dressing mech- 3,553,892 Patented Jan. 12, 1971 anism, arranged so as to constitute an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary diagrammatic section, taken generally along the line 22 in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view, taken at an inclined angle, generally as indicated by the line 33 in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. l, but showing changed positions of the dressing mechanism.
It will be seen that the drawings illustrate a centerless lapping machine 10 of the usual type having two lapping rollers 12 and 14, both of which are preferably made of metal, such as cast iron, for example. Normally, one of the rollers is larger than the other. Thus, in the illustrated machine 10 the roller 12 is substantially larger than the roller 14. Both of the rollers 12 and 14 are driven at fairly low speeds, preferably in the same direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the rollers 12 and 14 are driven counterclockwise.
The rollers 12 and 14 are close together, but with a definite space 16 therebetween. Thus, the rollers 12 and 14 do not engage each other.
The workpieces to be lapped are fed along the upper crotch 18 between the two rollers 12 and 14. The illustrated rollers 12 and 14 are positioned with their axes parallel and at the same horizontal level. Thus, the workpieces will be retained by gravity in the upper crotch 18. One such workpiece 20 is shown in FIG. 1. The workpiece 20 is illustrated in the form of a cylindrical pin. However, it will be understood that the machine may be employed to lap a wide variety of workpieces.
In order to perform the desired lapping operation upon the workpiece 20, the rollers 12 and 14 are charged with a lapping compound, in the form of a fine abrasive composition. The workpiece 20 is frictionally driven by the rollers 12 and 14 so that the workpiece is continuously rotated. Due to the different sizes. of the rollers 12 and 14, a lapping action is also produced on the work-piece, so that the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is lapped or polished. The lapping operation occurs primarily between the larger roller 12 and the workpiece 20. The smaller roller 14 performs the primary function of frictionally driving the workpiece so that it will be continuously rotated.
The lapping rollers 12 and 14 are subject to wear during normal operation. Thus, it is occasionally necessary to dress the lapping rollers 12 and 14 so that they will be made truly cylindrical. Because the lapping operation is primarily carried out by the larger roller 12, it is necessary to dress the larger roller much more frequently than the smaller roller 14.
The illustrated lapping machine 10 is provided with a mechanism 22 which is primarily intended for dressing the larger roller 12, but also may be employed to dress the smaller roller 14. The illustrated dressing mechanism 22 comprises a rotary dressing Wheel or disc 24, preferably made of metal, such as cast iron, for example. The rotation of the dressing wheel 24 may be in either direction. The dressing wheel 24 is formed with a flat radial surface 26 which is engageable with the cylindrical surface of the lapping roller 12.
The dressing wheel 24 is rotatably mounted on a movable carriage 28 and is adapted to be continuously rotated during the dressing operation. The carriage 28 is movable toward and away from the roller 12, so that the wheel 24 may be moved into and out of engagement with the lapping roller 12. A lapping compound is employed between the wheel 24 and the roller 12 during the dressing operation.
In the specific construction illustrated in the drawings, the dressing wheel 24 is readily removable from the carriage 28. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the dressing wheel 3 24 may be held by hand against the smaller roller 14, for use in dressing the smaller wheel.
It will be seen that a spline shaft 30 is secured to the illustrated dressing :wheel 24. The axis of the shaft 30 is perpendicular to the flat face 26 of the wheel 24.
The spline shaft 30 is adapted to be removably received within a coupling member 32 which is rotatably mounted on the carriage 28. The coupling member 32 is formed with a splined bore 34 for receiving the shaft 30. Normally, the shaft 34 is retained within the coupling member 32 by detent means 36, engageable with an annular groove 38 in the shaft.
During the dressing operation, the dressing wheel 24 is continuously rotated by drive means 40, preferably comprising a motor 42 mounted on the carriage 28. The motor 42 is suitably connected to the rotatable coupling member 32, preferably by meshing gears 44 and 46.
In the illustrated construction, the carriage 28 is supported by an arm 48 which is swingably mounted'on a pivot shaft 50. However, other means may be employed for movably supporting the carriage 2 8. The illustrated shaft 50 is positioned with its axis parallel to the axis of the roller 12. By swinging the arm 48 downwardly, the dressing wheel 24 may be moved into engagement with the lapping roller 12.
During the normal operation of the lapping machine 10, the carriage 28 is swung upwardly, so that the dressing wheel 24 is out of engagement with the lapping roller 12. When it is desired to dress the roller 12, the motor 42 is energized so that the dressing wheel 24 will be continuously rotated. The carriage 28 and the supporting arm 48 are then swung downwardly until the flat face 26 of the dressing wheel 24 engages the lapping roller 12. A lapping compound is employed between the dressing wheel 24 and the roller 12 to perform the dressing operation. When the dressing operation has been completed, the carriage 28 is again swung away from the roller 12.
When it is necessary to dress the smaller roller 14, the dressing wheel 24 may be removed from the carriage 28. As shown in FIG. 4, the dressing wheel 24 is held by hand against the smaller roller 14 to carry out the dressing operation.
It will be understood that the dressing mechanism of the present invention makes it possible to dress the rollers of the lapping machine with a high degree of precision, yet with great facility. The dressing operation is carried out very quickly and easily.
Various other modifications, alternative constructions and equivalents may be employed without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention, as exemplified in the foregoing description and defined in the following claims.
I claim:
1. A lapping machine construction,
comprising a cylindrical lapping roller made of metal and adapted to receive a lapping compound,
means for rotating said roller about its cylindrical axis,
a dressing wheel made of metal and having a flat radial side surface for engaging said lapping roller,
a carriage for supporting said dressing wheel with said flat radial side surface parallel to the cylindrical axis of said lapping roller,
driving means on said carriage for rotating said dressing wheel about its own axis,
an arm supporting said carriage,
and pivot means supporting said arm and said carriage for swinging movement about a pivot axis parallel to the cylindrical axis of said lapping roller.
2. A lapping machine construction according to claim 1,
in which said driving means comprises a hollow rotatable member on said carriage,
and a shaft connected to said dressing wheel and removably received in said hollow rotatable member,
whereby said shaft and said dressing wheel may readily be removed from said rotatable member and said carriage for use of said Wheel as a hand held dressing tool.
3. A lapping machine construction according to claim 1.
in which said driving means comprises a drive motor mounted on said carriage,
and means for coupling said drive motor to said dressing 'wheel.
4. A lapping machine construction according to claim 1.
in which said dressing wheel has a spline shaft secured thereto and extending substantially perpendicular to said fiat radial side surfaces of said wheel,
said driving means comprising a rotatable coupling member on said carriage for removably receiving said spline shaft,
said driving means comprising a drive motor for rotating said coupling motor.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 293,398 2/1884 Barclay.
556,146 3/1896 Harris 51-131X 1,275,447 8/1918 Hodny et al. 1,65 9,277 2/1928 Maynard 51--131X JAMES L. JONES, JR., Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. l25--ll
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4991353A (en) * 1983-06-03 1991-02-12 Dieter Wiener Grinding machine for grinding pregeared bevel gears

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4991353A (en) * 1983-06-03 1991-02-12 Dieter Wiener Grinding machine for grinding pregeared bevel gears

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