US3695249A

US3695249A - Grinding wheel dressing apparatus

Info

Publication number: US3695249A
Application number: US63060A
Authority: US
Inventors: Henry F Swenson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1970-08-12
Filing date: 1970-08-12
Publication date: 1972-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 1989-10-03

Abstract

A wheel guard or pedestal support is disposed for mounting on a grinding machine and provides a dovetail guide into which there may be removably mounted a diamond dresser; a contour forming device; an edge deburring support and like grinding wheel dressing apparatus. Precision lead screws are mounted in member portions of the support, said screws being disposed to be rotated to move a mounted dressing device into a desired precise position. A plunger pin is carried by a member and cooperates with an aperture in a mating member to permit a dressing device to be removed during grinding operations and to be reinstalled at the precise prior dressing position. In one embodiment a contour dressing mechanism is provided in which a diamond-surfaced precisely contoured wheel is rotated in the same direction as the grinding wheel is rotated but at a speed differential of about 400 surface feet per minute. This operation of the contour dressing mechanism provides a dressing of the grinding wheel whereby the wheels and dresser are kept at a relatively cool condition and the diamond wear is at a very low rate.

Description

Unite States Patent Swenson [451 Oct. 3, 1972 [54] GRINDING WHEEL DRESSING APPARATUS [72] Inventor: Henry F. Swenson, 22 Holmehill Lane, Roseland, NJ.

[22} Filed: Aug. 12, 1970 [21] Appl. No.: 63,060

[52 US. Cl ..12s/11 CD [51] Int. Cl. ..B24h 53/14 [58] Field of Search ..l25/l1 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,028,853 4/1962 Miller, ..125/l1.4 2,077,363 4/1937 I'Iulbert ..l25/ll 1,512,608 10/1924 Knowles 125/11 2,277,644 3/1942 Howe ..l25/ll X 2,957,471 10/1960 Kent ..l25/1l 3,299,582 l/l967 Kohlstrunk ..l25/ll X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 602,641 5/1948 Great Britain l-25/l 1.2 634,473 8/1936 Germany 125/1 1.2

Primary ExaminerI-Iarold D. Whitehead Attorney-Ra1ph R. Roberts [57] ABSTRACT 1 A wheel guard or pedestal support is disposed for mounting on a grinding machine and provides a dovetail guide into which there may be removably mounted a diamond dresser; a contour forming device; an edge deburring support and like grinding whee1 dressing apparatus, Precision lead screws are mounted in member portions of the support, said screws being disposed to be rotated to move a mounted dressing device into a desired precise position. A plunger pin is carried by a member and cooperates with an aperture in a mating member to permit a dressing device to be removed during grinding operations and to be reinstalled at the precise prior dressing position. In one embodiment a contour dressing mechanism is provided in which a diamondsurfaced precisely contoured wheel is rotated in, the same direction as the grinding wheel is rotated but at a speed differential of about 400 surface feet per minute. This operation of the contour dressing mechanism provides a dressing of the grinding wheel whereby the wheels and dresser are kept at a relatively cool condition and the diamond wear is at a very low rate.

14 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures PATENTEDnuI 3 I972 SHEET 0F 5 INVENTOR. HENRY F. SWENSON PATENTEDvm m1 sum 5 or 5 N mm w ms, R Y R .N H

Y B wm w w fi |l|l I New vow cow GRINDING WHEEL DRESSING APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention In reference to the classification of art as established in the United States Patent Office this invention pertains'to the general class of Stone Working, and in particular to the subclass therein of grinding wheel dressing. Other subclasses in this class which may be of interest are tools and particularly the one entitled surface traversing and the subclass pertaining to diamond tools. 2. Description of the Prior Art Grinding wheel dressing is a very well known art and has, in its development, been the subject of many United States and foreign patents. The apparatus provided for such grinding wheel dressing is usually either a wheel dressing means which is built in as a part of the grinding machine or is a removable mechanism which is only held temporarily in place while the grinding wheel is being dressed, after which it is usually removed from the machine. Re-establishment of the dressing position of the dressing means and its diamond or like dressing element to its previous dressing position is usually inaccurate or is time consuming. Many or most of the grinding machines used in present day machine job shops are multi-purpose and likewise the grinding wheel dressing and shaping apparatus for these machines is also multi-purpose. In the present invention it is contemplated that a wheel guard or fixed support member be provided to which or on which a dovetail carrier track is provided for the removable mounting thereon of a dressing means. After dressing the grinding wheel, the dressing means is or may be removed so that the grinding operation may be performed, after which the dressing means is remounted in the precise position from which it was removed. Onto this one dovetail carrier track various dressing devices may be mounted including a contour wheel dressing device which provides a diamond-faced contouring wheel which is contemplated to be run in the same direction as the grinding wheel and is driven so as to run at only a slight differential in surface speed. This dressing method provides means for contouring a grinding wheel with a minimum of heating and diamond wear or contamination.

Insofar as is known, prior to this invention no arrangement for the support of interchangeable grinding wheel dressing devices or apparatus has been provided, and in particular a support in which is provided a dovetail guide for the removable mounting of one of several dressing devices thereon. Of particular note is the novel grinding wheel contouring device wherein the diamond surfaced form is rotated at a speed of about 400 surface feet per minute differential than the speed of a new or full diameter grinding wheel. The form and grinding wheel at their point of engagement have the wheels rotating in the same direction and preferably a mist cooling is also provided.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention provides a guard or pedestal support upon which is mounted a support member provided with a dovetail guide. This support member is precisely movable in response to the rotation of a lead screw. At

right angles to the support block is another or second support member carried on another dovetail guide. This second support member may be removed and replaced by a like support member of another wheel dressing device. Some of these dressing devices are removably retained in still other dovetail guides and are disposed for precise repositioning by means of a plunger pin. Among the devices for removable mounting are a diamond dresser carried on a swinging arm; a diamond dressing end carried in a threaded holder; a support guard disposed to receive and provide a guide for a corner of a workpiece as it is passed over a rotating grinding wheel to be precisely deburred and a contour wheel dresser in which a diamond-faced form roller is driven at a determined surface speed and direction where at the engaging nip or contact of the form roller and grinding wheel they are both traveling in the same direction and at a surface speed differential of about 400'feet per minute. A spray mist is preferably used to assist in cooling the forming wheel and to insure that the removed residue is discharged from the backside of the nip of the inturning wheels. 1

INTENT OF THE DISCLOSURE Although the following disclosure offered for public dissemination is detailed to insure adequacy and aid in understanding of the invention, this is not intended to prejudice that purpose of a patent which is to cover each new inventive concept therein no matter how it may later be disguised by variations in form or additions of further improvements. The claims at the end hereof are intended as the chief aid toward this purpose, as it is these that meet the requirement of pointing out the parts, improvements or combinations in which the inventive concepts are found.

There has been chosen a specific embodiment of a guide guard for mounting on a grinding machine and dressing attachments as adopted for use therewith and showing a preferred means for changing these attachments on the guide guard or on a fixed pedestal. This specific embodiment and an alternate embodiment thereof have been chosen for the purposes of illustration and description as shown in the accompanying drawings wherein:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 represents a side view of a grinding wheel dressing device removably mountable on a guide guard disposed for mounting on the spindle housing of a grinding machine;

FIG. 2 represents an end view taken on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1 and showing in particular the arrangement of the components of a removably mountable single-point dressing device;

FIG. 3 represents a side view of yet another embodiment in which a dressing diamond is disposed for mounting on the guide guard and provides means for dressing the top face of a grinding wheel of a cylindrical grinding machine;

FIG. 4 represents a side view of an edge deburring or grinding trough disposed to be mounted on the guide guard of FIG. 3, said trough providing means for precisely dressing the edge of a tool or the like as it is brought in way of the face of a rotating grinding wheel;

FIG. 5 represents a side view of a contour shaping mechanism for removable mounting on a guide guard rangement of the grinding wheel contouring apparatus of FIG. 5; Y i

FIG. 7 represents a somewhat schematic side view showing a grinding wheel as it is being contour-shaped by a diamond-faced contoured dressing form with the apparatus of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 represents a schematic view taken on the line 8-8 of FIG. 7 and showing a representative contouring operation;

FIG. 9 represents an end view of a grinding wheel dressing device similar to that shown in FIGS. l and 2, but with the removably mounted dressing device mounted on a pedestal fixed to a grinding machine base or frame rather than on the spindle guide guard, and

FIG. 10 represents a side view of the grinding wheel dressing device and its pedestal support of FIG. 9.

In the following description and in the claims various details will be identified by specific names for convenience; these names, however, are intended to be generic in their application. Corresponding reference characters refer to like members throughout the several figures'of the drawings.

The drawings accompanying, and forming part of, this specification disclose certain details of construction for the purpose of explanation of the broader aspects of the invention, but it should be understood that structural details may be modified in various respects without departure from the concept and principles of the invention and that the invention may be incorporated in other structural forms than shown.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT of FIGS. 1 AND 2 Referring now in particular to FIG. 1, it is to be noted that a grinding wheel is carried upon a spindle of a screws 38 which are tightened to adjust clamp plate 36 inwardlyv to provide the degree of sliding tension desired of upper housing 34 in the dovetails. A knurled knob 40 a is attached to and drives a threaded lead screw, not shown, carried by and inside of the base 30. Thus lead screw is disposed to move the housing 34 toward or away from the operator as viewed in FIG. 1. Housing 34, as it is moved along the dovetails by this lead screw, is or may be moved with micrometer precision as it is contemplated that said screw is a precision screw and as it is rotated by knob 40, indicia on the knob is read by the operator to indicate the distance the member 34 is moved along said

dovetails

31 and 32.

As seen particularly in FIG. 2 the underside of housing 34 is also formed with a pair of

dovetails

42 and 43 grinding-machine not shown. On the spindle housing of the grinding machine it is contemplated that mounted thereon is a housing guard 22 which has its top specially machined to provide a guide means. This housing or guide guard 22 provides the base or support for the several grinding wheel dressing devices to be hereinafter more fully described. Carried within this guard 22 is a movable guard cover 24 which is selectively moved in and out of wheel covering condition by means of a knob 25 shown on the right forward and lower end of the cover guard. A lock 26 has a lever portion 27 by which the lock 26 is rotated to clamp the guard cover in either an open condition as seen in FIG. 4, or in a closed condition as is seen in FIG. 1. Carried by an on the upper end of the housing 22 is a base member 30 which is formed with a pair of upwardly disposed left and

right dovetail guides

31 and 32.

' These guides are disposed to carry an upper housing 34 having formed on its underside a right-hand side dovetail recess disposed to mate with dovetail32 while an outer or left-hand dovetail retaining means is provided by a removable clamp member36. This clamp member is adjustably held in place by means of thumbin which is slidably and snugly mounted a support block 46. A rotary base 47 is carried by block 46 and is locked ina desired adjusted angle position by a knurled-headed screw 48.. Block 46 is movable along the dovetails and carries with it a dresser base 50 mounted in dovetail guides formed in the lower member of the rotary base 47. The block 46 is slidable in dovetails 42 and 43 and is removably maintained in housing 34 by a latch means. This latch means includes upper and

lower plates

52 and 53 which slidably retain and guide a plunger pin 55. These plates also are attached to a block moved by a screw carried in upper housing 34. Pin 55 is urged downwardly by a spring 56 seen in phantom outline in FIG. 1. The lower end of pin 55 is disposed to enter and snugly engage a recess or aperture 58 formed in block 46 and when tightly engaged to retain this block in the dovetails and in a determined relation to the screw moved block in housing 34. When the plunger pin 55 is lifted out of engagement of the recess 58, the block 46 may be slid from its support in dovetail guides 42 and 43 and be removed from the upper housing 34.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 a diamond dresser 60 is carried by and at the downward end of a pivotally mounted arm 62 which is swung back and forth by means of a crank handle 64. Rotation of handle 64 causes the diamond 60 to be swung in an are around a pivot pin 65. Spring arms 66 tend tokeep arm 62 in a vertical condition and when left in this vertical position the carrieddiamond 60 may be moved across the face of the grinding wheel 20 by knob 40 after and when the guard 24 has beenmoved to its up position. The knurlheaded screw 48 may be loosened so that the rotary base 47 may be turned so that diamond 60, when swung by handle 64, dresses the grinding wheel at a determined angle to the axis of the wheel. With the rotary base 47 locked by knurl-headed screw 48 movement of the diamond 60 toward or away from the face of the grinding wheel is by a micrometer screw rotated by a knob 68. This screw as rotated by knob 68, causes upper and

lower plates

52 and 53 and latch pin 55 to be moved as well as the block 46 when it is latched in position. Transverse motion of the diamond dressing point 60 across the face of the stone 20 when actuated by the rotation of knob 40 causes the upper housing 34 to be moved in dovetails 31 and 32.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT OF FIG. 3

Referring next to FIG. 3, as shown therein, the housing or guide guard 22 carries upon its upper face a block or support member 80 which is retained in the guard dovetails 31 and 33 by means of the clamp member 36 and thumb screws 38 in the manner of FIG. 1. Carried in a threaded hole 81 formed in the right side plate 103 and is brought against stop member 102 with the burr or sharp edge disposed in the relief 104. The

of block 80 is an adjustable dressing holder 82 whose lower outer surface is formed-with a precision thread 83. Holder 82 is moved up and down as it is rotated by manipulation and rotation of a knurled knob 84 formed on the upper end of holder 82. .After adjustment of the holder it is snugly retained in the desired position by a nylon-tipped screw 85 adjusted to engage the threaded portion of holder 82. A knurl-headed locking screw 86 is also carried in a threaded hole formed in support member 80. This lockingscrew is adapted to engage and retain a pointer 88 which is slidable in a bore formed substantially parallel to the threaded hole 81. The pointer, with thelocking screw 86 in a disengaged condition, is slid to a desired height so that it will provide a reference for indicia inscribed on the barrel por-' tion of knurled knob 84. Carried within and extending below the lower end of holder 82 is a diamond dresser 90 which may be moved to a determined depth as by reading the micrometer type, markings such as one thousandth of an inch on the barrel of knob 84 against the pointer 88. The depth can also be estimated by counting a determined number of rotations of the knob 84. This dressing end of the diamond 90 may be transversed back and forth over the face of the grinding wheel 20 by means of a crank 92 turning a screw 94 carried within the body 30 of the guard 22. This screw engages a nut disposed to engage and support member 80 so that as crank 92 is rotated, the member 80 is moved along the dovetails 31 and 32. In FIG. 3 as shown, the cover 24 has been omitted for the sake of more clearly showing the dressing device; however, it is contemplated that when a cover 24 is provided with the guard 22 the diamond 90 may be moved downwardly into dressing engagement with the face of the grinding wheel through a window in the guard and then by moving the support member 80 the diamond is traversed across the face of the grinding wheel 20 by the rotation of the crank 92.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT OF FIG. 4

Referring next to the guard mounting device of FIG. 4, there is shown a grinding wheel 20 running within guard 22 in the manner of FIG. 1. The guard cover 24 is shown in the open condition which permits the base 30 to carry an edge deburring support which in the preferred arrangement includes a main arm member 100. This member is generally L-shaped and has its outer right-hand end turned downwardly to a lower levelshelf portion, which includes a slide stop member 102 and a support plate 103 disposed at an angle of more than ninety degrees to each other. A small relief 104 is provided at their intersection. There is a small cutout formed from the rear of the shelf portion. This cutout extends into the intersection, permitting the outer surface or face 105 of grinding wheel 20 to project into the intersection a selected amount. A workpiece to be deburred or chamfered is supported on workpiece is then slid along this junction to bring the edge of the workpiece in way of the projecting grinding wheel 20 by which the edge of the workpiece is ground at about a 45" angle to its sides and at a determined small chamfer. In a like manner a hand-held wheel dresser may be slid along this junction and as it is brought in way of the face of the grinding wheel, said face is dressed.

Arm member 100 is readily removed from base 30 by releasing the clamping action provided by a forward pin 108 seated in the dovetail '32- and by a hook member 110 which engages the dovetail 31. A knurlheaded screw 112 is threaded into member 110 and is brought into engagement with the face of a swivel washer 114. A sleeve or shoulder 115 is disposed below the knurl-headed end of screw 112 so that as screw 112 is tightened against said swivel washer 114, the washer will be pushed against stop shoulders 116 formed on member 100 and cause the outer workpiece supporting end of the member 100 to be moved upwardly. When the screw 112 is loosened the outer supporting end of 100 is lowered to permit more of the surface 105 of grinding wheel 20 to project through the cutout and into the intersection of stop 102 and plate 103. A lock screw 118 threadedly mounted in member 100 is disposed to be brought into engagement with the member 110 to hold member 110 in locking engagement on dovetail 31 and maintain a determined position of arm 100 with respect to grinding wheel 20. To change the projection of surface 105 of the grinding wheel into the intersection of stop 102 and plate 103, the lock screw 118 is loosened to permit screw 112 to be rotated to provide the desired adjustment of arm 100. Screw 112 is also further loosened when it is desired that the assembly of arm 100 be removed from base member 30 so that other dressing devices may be mounted on said base member.

CONTOUR FORMING APPARATUS OF FIGS. 5 THROUGH 8 Referring next to FIGS. 5 through 8, it is to be noted that guide guard 22 and movable cover 24 is shown as being carried on a grinding machine spindle housing by means of a collar clamp 120. This is adapted for mounting as by clamping on the extended spindle housing of a grinding machine. A contour forming apparatus is disposed to be carried by and upon the upper portion of base 30 and is adapted for removable mounting in dovetails 31 and 32. A block member which is formed with a U-shape is retained on base 30 by clamp member 36 and thumb screws 38 asin FIG. 3. Carried by block member 130 is a swing member 132 which is pivotally retained on one end by means of a through pin 134 which is held in a corner or notch by a pair of holding clamps 135. Carried in block 130 is a shaft 138 which on its inner end has an arm 140 fixedly mounted thereto. The outer end of this arm carries a roller 142 by which swing member 132 is lifted. The shaft 138 is rotated by means of a lever arm 144, and as the roller end of the arm is swung in an arc, the roller 142 is brought into engagement with surface 146 to cause member 132 to be lifted upwardly from the position of FIG. 5 to a position represented by the phantom line. The shaft 138 is rotated counterclockwise until roller 142 reaches a stop shelf just to the left of a vertical line through the center of shaft 138. At this condition the swing member 132 is at substantially the max imum lifted height while at the same time it is in a selflocking condition and is disposed to remain in this condition until arm 144 is moved to rotate shaft 138 clockwise.

The downward travel of swing member 132 is preferably adjustably determined and as seen in FIG. 6 this downward limit is provided by a micrometer screw 155 rotated by means of micrometer head 156 mounted on its upper end. On the lower end of this screw a ball end 157 or the like is provided. This end is disposed to rest on a support surface 158 formed in or mounted in block member 150. When .arm 144 is swung so that the swing member 132 is in the lowered condition of FIG. 5, the ball end 157 establishes this lowered position of this swing member 132. As seen particularly in FIG. 5, roller 142 is disposed to be swung in a counterclockwise are on the end of arm 140 to engage lifting surface 146 and in a smooth arc motion cause a lifting action to be provided to the member 132. When and as arm 140 is moved to the determined back position the roller 142 engages the undersurface of swing member 132 to lift the member and as it lifts or lowers the outer end of swing member 132 passes between the side plates of member 130 and is guided by rollers 160 and 161. These rollers are carried on like eccentric studs 162 or 163, which are rotated so as to bring the peripheries of the rollers into a determined guiding control of the lateral movement or play of member 132 as it is moved up and down in the trough in member 130 by arm 140 and roller 142 mounted thereon.

Although a knurled nut 40 or crank 92 is not shown in FIGS. and 6, it is contemplated that block member 130 may be moved back and forth on base member 30 by rotating a lead screw in member 30 in the manner of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Referring next to FIGS. 7 and 8, there is shown a form contouring means such as may be used for precisely shaping the face of a grinding wheel 170 carried on shaft 172 which is rotated in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 7. A shaping wheel 174 is carried on a shaft 176 and is rotated in a counterclockwise direction as seen in FIG. 7 so that when wheel 174 is brought into dressing engagement with grinding wheel 170 they are travelling in the same direction. A mist nozzle 180 is disposed above and to the left of the junction of the

wheels

174 and 170. From this nozzle a mist is directed to and at the junction line of the wheels so as to assist in lubricating and flushing the shaping wheel 174 and also to assist in keeping the shaping wheel 174 in a cooled condition. As reduced to practice and as a preferred embodiment, it is contemplated that shaping wheel 174 has its outer surface plated or coated with a layer of diamond grit 182 as seen in FIG. 8. This layer 182 is applied after the metal core has been shaped or machined to determined contour. The diamond grit is applied in a determined thickness such as five to ten thousandths of an inch, after which, if necessary, the outer surface is further precisely finished as by lapping to the desired contour.

In the related shaping of the outer periphery of the grinding wheel 170 it is contemplated that a small controlled differential of speed will be provided between wheel 174 and wheel 170. Preferably, the shaping wheel 174 is running at a surface feet speed just slightly in excess of the surface feet speed of the grinding wheel 170. For-example, assuming that wheel 170 is about 8 inches in diameter and spindle 172 is operated at a standard rotating speed of 3,450 rpm, this would result in a theoretical surface feet speed of the periphery of wheel 170 approximately 7,225 feet per minute. To contour the face of this grinding wheel it is contemplated that the shaping wheel 174 as carried on spindle 176 is rotated at a governed speed of 18,000 rpm. At this speed it is contemplated that the minimum diameter of wheel 174 will be 1% inches in diameter. When an air motor is used, a pressure regulator may be used to establish a lesser speed by reducing the normal ninety pound air pressure supply to 60 or pounds pressure. This intended governed speed results in a minimum surface feet of travel of 7,658 feet per minute for said shaping wheel. This results in a differential speed of the shaping wheel to the grinding wheel of 432 feet per minute. It is of course realizedthat in certain contoured areas the diameter of grinding wheel is reduced from its original diameter, which results in a reduced surface feet per minute, increasing the differential speed. This condition is also found where the larger diameter of form wheel 174 changes the differential speed between it and grinding wheel 170. The extending and reduced diameters provided by the contours on wheel 174 and the grinding wheel 170 change the differential of surface feet per minute so a compensating factor may be needed such as the reduced pressure suggested above.

In providing a compensated speed, it is contemplated that a desired differential speed of between 300 and 800 feet per minute be provided between wheel 174 and the grinding stone 170. Within these limits, this low speed differential causes the grinding wheel 170 as it is shaped to remain in a cool condition and at the same time the shaping wheel 174 also remains in a cool condition. The spray mist fed by nozzle assists in this cooling action and as the wheels rotate towards each other the mist increases the cleaning action so that there is no buildup of residue at the nip of the two wheels. With the wheels turning in the same direction there is no tendency for the removed material to be accumulated or piled up at the nip. This reduces, if not totally eliminates, distortion in the form being dressed into the wheel and also excessive abrasion of the diamond and the diamond matrix. As reduced to practice it has been found that with the wheels rotating at the speeds above-suggested, the removed residue is readily discharged from both wheels on the side opposite the nip of the two rollers. With the flinging discharge of the residue material the faces of the two wheels are kept relatively clean as they approach and pass through the nip. Keeping the shaping wheel 174 clean reduces abrasion of the matrix for the diamond surface. With a relatively low differential speed and little grinding residue at the nip, the completion of the forming of the grinding wheel finds that both wheels are in a cool condition and may be touched by hand. This result is contrary to that developed in the general procedure used for shaping or contouring grinding stones by a contouring wheel. The diamond face of the shaping wheel 174 also remains in a sharp condition for a much longer period of service since the action of the diamond on the grinding wheel is more of a cutting action than an abrading action. The holding matrix, since it remains cool, also is maintained in a very good condition and as it is not excessively abraded or imbedded with accumulated removed residue from the shaping operation results in the life of the shaping wheel 174 being effectively lengthened. In the coating of the diamond on the shaping wheel it is contemplated that the diamond will be affixed by a precise plating process. The dressing or redressing, if required, may be accomplished by lapping.

USE AND OPERATION OF DRESSING DEVICES WITH THE GUIDE GUARD It is contemplated that upon a grinding machine having a grinding wheel carried onthe end of a spindle that the housing of the spindle is provided with a guard of a determined configuration. In the present instance the guard originally furnished on the machine is replaced with a guide guard like that shown in FIGS. 1 or 3. This guard includes a fixed housing guard 22 and a movable guard cover portion 24 which is swung to an open condition to provide access for dressing the grinding wheel 20. The upper portion of the fixed guard member 22 has slidably mounted thereon an upper housing 34 which is movable by means of a lead screw. This upper housing moves in a path whose axis is parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel 20. This screw is rotated by a crank 92 or knob 40 so that housing 34 is moved a determined amount to bring said upper housing 34 and like members into a desired and determined position. Thumb-screws 38 are manipulated to cause clamp plate 36 to be tightened so as to permit housing 34 to remain in a sliding condition along dovetails 31 and 32 or the clamp plate 36 may be further tightened to lock upper housing 34 in a retained or clamped condition.

When it is desired to dress the grinding wheel 20 by means of a diamond point 60 as mounted in the dressing device of FIG. 1, the plunger pin 55 is lifted and the diamond dressing assembly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is slid into the dovetails 42 and 43 so that support block 46 is brought to a determined mounting position in these dovetails. The plunger pin 55 is released from its lifted condition and is permitted to enter and engage aperture 58 to precisely position and lock support block 46 in said dovetail guide. The guard cover 24 is lifted to the condition of FIG. and is locked so that the face of the grinding wheel is exposed and available for dressing. The knob 68 is rotated to cause diamond 60 to be brought to the face of the wheel 20 to provide the desired facing engagements after which crank handle 64 is oscillated to cause the diamond 60 to be swung in an arc to give the desired precise face dressing to the rotating grinding wheel 20. After grinding wheel 20 has been dressed to suit the workpiece to be ground, it is customary to cause the plunger pin 55 to be grasped and lifted permitting the diamond dressing assembly carried by support block 46 to be slid from dovetails 42 and 43. With this diamond dressing portion of the apparatus removed from the housing guard 22 the movable guard cover 24 is swung to position of FIG. 1 and is clamped in covered condition by means of lock handle 26, after which the grinding wheel 20 is moved towards and to the workpiece in the usual manner to grind said workpiece.

In FIG. 3-there is provided a face'dressing means in the form of a group of diamonds held in a matrix disposed on the lower end of a screw 82. This diamond matrix is provided as a dressing end 90 and, as abovedescribed, is moved to the grinding wheel 20 by rotation of knob 84. The traversing motion across the face of the grinding wheel 20 is provided by the rotation of screw 94 initiated by rotation of the crank handle 92. Clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the screw 94 causes the diamond 90 to be moved back and forth across the face of the grinding wheel. The micrometer screw 84 permits precise adjustment of the diamond 90 so that only a determined amount of dressing of the face of the wheel 20 occurs with each instance of dressing the face of the wheel. v

Referring next to the operation of the edge deburring tool of FIG. 4, it is to be noted that a grinding wheel 20 is used to break or chamfer the edge of a workpiece. This break edge is at a determined extent as established by the protrusion of the grinding wheel into the intersection of the grinding shelf. Main arm member 100 is mounted upon the dovetails 31 and 32 with forward pin 108 pivotally seated in the forward dovetail 32. Hook member 110 engages the rear dovetail 31 so that arm member is supported by and is retained by these two members. Screw 112, with screw 118 in a loosened condition, is caused to be rotated forwardly or backwardly to engage the abutting shoulder of swivel washer 114 and cause the arm member 100 to be rotated around for ward pin 108 so that the shelf portion is raised or lowered a determined amount. When the determined adjusted height has been achieved, the lock screw 118 is caused to be tightened downwardly against hook member to hold the arm member 100 in the adjusted position. It is to be noted that slide stop 102 and support plate 103 are preferably of hardened steel or carbide so as to provide a long wearing surface. These members are disposed at an included angle of 93 to 100 so that when a workpiece having the usual right angle corner is to be deburred and is seated upon the shelf, the two adjacent faces of the workpiece engage and seat on slide stop 102 and support plate 103 without either of these faces causing the part to be lifted from the intersecting point. Relief or undercut 104 is disposed to receive any sharp edge or burr on the workpiece while the faces of the workpiece are in engagement with stop 102 and plate 103. The workpiece is slid along the shelf and as the edge which is to be deburred a small amount such as one, two or five thousandths of an inch is brought in way of the projecting outer diameter of grinding wheel 20 this desired amount is ground from the edge of the workpiece. This grinding device provides means for a precise edge deburring operation to be accomplished. The necessity of such an operation of deburring or chamfering often occurs in the manufacture of precision workpieces.

It is also to be noted that in FIG. 4 the stone 20 instead of being an abrasive wheel of aluminum oxide and the like may be a wheel having a diamond surface. The diamond wheel is preferred in the deburring of workpieces such as hardened tool steel, carbide and the to be made on a workpiece in a rapid and precise manner.

With the housing guard 22 of this invention mounted upon the spindle housing of a grinding machine it is noted that said dovetail guide provides for the removable mounting thereon of many dressing devices which are used to provide the desired face or configuration of the grinding wheel 20. For example, when the face of the grinding wheel 20 is to be straight dressed, either the dressing device of FIG. 1 or FIG. 3 may be utilized. When a contoured form is to be provided in the face of wheel 20, the form apparatus of FIGS. 5 through 8 is mounted on this guard 22. The contour forming operation is performed at the very low differential of speed noted above. It is to be noted that a differential of speed may be provided in the contour forming operation wherein the grinding wheel 170 is caused to travel at a slightly faster speed than the contour forming wheel 174. This arrangement, of course, would produce the desired differential of speed but may cause a wear of the diamond which is greater than that where the contour forming wheel is the faster traveling wheel.

It has been found that the wheel contour forming as provided by the apparatus of FIGS. 5 through 8 results in a diamond loss at a rate which is one-tenth to onetwentieth the diamond loss found in conventional wheel dressing operation. This is attributed to the low heat resulting from the low differential of surface feet speed and also the lack of accumulation of residue at the nip of the two wheels. The counter directional movement of the wheels in the conventional shaping operation in addition to the high heat developed also causes the dressing residue to be driven into the matrix of the diamond surface. The high speed differential of conventional shaping also rounds the diamonds sharp cutting edges, further increasing the heat.

In the precise forming of the shaping wheel 174 the plating of the diamond layer is usually from five to ten thousandths of an inch in thickness. A lapping wheel or form running at a like low difierential of surface speed is used to correct any inaccuracies in wheel 174. This same lapping procedure may be used to reform the wheel 174 after it has been extensively used to shape wheel 170.

It is further contemplated that power for shaft 176 may be provided by an electric motor having a speed sensing control enabling this shaft to be operated at substantially a constant speed no matter whether the contouring wheel 174 is under load or is at no load". In like manner, a governor-controlled motor, either pneumatic or hydraulic, may instead be provided which drives the shaft 176 at a relatively constant speed with or without load. Such a drive of the contouring wheel 174 assures that when brought into engagement with the grinding wheel 170 the shaping or contouring is at the selected determined differential of speed which permits the operation to be completed with a minimum amount of heat developed in the contouring operation.

ALTERNATE MOUNTING OF FIGS. 9 AND 10 Referring finally to FIGS. 9 and 10, it is to be noted that instead of the guide guard 22 of FIG. 1, there is provided a support pedestal 200 which is mounted to the spindle housing 202 of a grinder by means of cap screws 204. A top support member 206 has dovetails 208 and 209 disposed to carry movable member 210. This member is precisely positioned by crank handle 212 as it rotates a screw 214 carried in top support member 206. This movement of member 210 is parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel of a grinding machine which may be a tool and cutter grinder having a spindle housing 216. Member 210 has dovetails 222 and 223 disposed to slidably retain support block 46 and the rest of the dressing device of FIG. 1. Knob 224 rotates screw 225 to move movable member 210 in the dovetail guide.

OPERATIONAND USE OF THE DRESSER OF FIGS. 9 AND 10 In the manner of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the dressing device of FIGS. 9 and 10 may or may not have a plunger pin 55 by which support block 46 may be readily removed from movable member 210. Member 210 is moved along the axis of the grinder by means of screw 214 as it is rotated by crank 212 while support block 46 and the dressing device below is moved in dovetails 222 and 223 by means of knob 224 as it rotates screw 225. Handle 64 is manipulated to cause diamond 60 to swing in an are on arm 62 as described above for the embodiment of FIG. 1.

When desired, the support block 46 may be removed from dovetails 222 and 223 and another dressing device be installed in its place. Such a device may be the form shaping apparatus of FIGS. 5 and 6 or the others above-shown. The embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 10 merely illustrates that the versatile support of housing guard 22 need not be confined to its attachment by clamp means to the spindle housing but the support maybe provided by a bracket or the like attached by screws to the spindle housing of the grinding machine.

CONCLUSION In each of the above devices it is contemplated that a dresser, preferably a diamond type, is provided to dress the face of a grinding wheel 20. Whether the guard and cover of FIGS. 1-4 are used or the pedestal of FIGS. 9 and 10 is used, it is contemplated that the several devices may be used on the same support. If only one device is to be used, said device may be made a fixed part of the support.

Terms such as left, right, up, down, bottom, top, front, back, in, out, clockwise, counterclockwise and the like are applicable to the embodiments shown and described in conjunction with the drawings. These terms, as used, are merely for the purposes of description and do not necessarily apply to the position in which the guide guard, support pedestal or the dressing attachments mounted thereon may be constructed or used.

The conception of the interchangeable grinding wheel dressing devices and their many applications is not limited to the specific embodiments shown but departures therefrom may be made within the scope of the accompanying claims and without sacrificing their chief advantages and protection is sought to the broadest extent the prior art allows.

What is claimed is:

1. Apparatus for dressing the face of a grinding wheel while said wheel is rotatably carried by the spindle of a grinding machine, said apparatus including: (a) a guide guard fixed to the spindle of a grinding machine; (b) a guide means provided on the support and disposed to removably receive and retain a grinding wheel dressing device; (c) a base member portion of said grinding wheel dressing device, said member portion removably mountable in and on said guide means; (d) dovetail guide means along which said base member and the dressing device portion thereof may be moved in a path substantially parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, the rate and extent of said movement being at the discretion of the operator; (e) a deburring and dressing guide table which includes a main arm member having a through forward pin disposed to pivotally seat in and be retained in said dovetail guide means, said main arm having a depending outboard portion in which there is provided a workpiece supporting table portion which includes a slide stop and a support plate member, said members being in fixed relation to each other so that the workpiece supporting and engaging faces are at an included angle which is greater than 90; (f) a relief formed at the intersection of the slide stop and support plate and extending the length of the guide table, and (g) a cutout formed in the table portion and disposed to receive the outer peripheral portion of the grinding wheel and permit the face of the grinding wheel to extend a determined extent into the intersecting area defined by the slide stop and support plate members, said extent providing means for deburring the edge of a workpiece as it is slid along the guide table and in way of and past the projecting face portion of the rotating grinding wheel, and also providing a guide means for a diamond dresser and the like when and as the dresser is slid along the table so as to be brought in way of and across the face of the grinding wheel so as to dress the face of said grinding wheel.

2. Apparatus for dressing the face of a grinding wheel while said wheel is rotatably carried by the spindle of a grinding machine, said apparatus including: (a) a guide guard attached to the spindle housing of a grinding machine, said guard including a guard cover disposed to be movable to an open position whereby the face of the grinding wheel is exposed for dressing, forming and the like, and in its closed condition the guard cover encloses the wheel to the extent normal for grinding a workpiece; (b) a base member portion of said grinding wheel dressing device, said member portion removably mountable in and on a pair of dovetail guides formed adjacent a top supporting surface of the base member, said base member being movable on the mounted guide guard in and along a path parallel to the axis of the spindle of the grinding machine; (c) means for moving said base member and the dressing device portion thereof along said guide means and in a path substantially parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, the rate and extent of said movement being at the discretion of the operator; (d) a wheel dressing device which is a diamond dresser, said dresser carried in any by an arm pivotally mounted on a support block which is slidably mounted in a member having a guideway and in the mounted condition the guideway is disposed so as to be normal to the axis of the grinder spindle, said support block being removably retained in said guideway by a plunger pin; (e) means for moving said wheel dressing device to and into engagement with the grinding wheel so as to dress the face of said grinding wheel with the movement of said dressing device into engagement with the grinding wheel, and (f) a plunger pin carried by the upper housing and spring biased so as to be urged toward the support block, and in which there is provided an aperture formed in the support block and sized so as to snugly and removably retain the end of the plunger pin when urged thereinto by said spring.

3. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel while said wheel is rotatably carried by the spindle of a grinding machine, said contouring apparatus including: (a) a support fixed to the grinding machine and including a block member; (b) a swing member pivotally carried by the block member; (c) a shaping wheel carried on and by a shaft rotatably mounted in the swing member; (d) an arm carried on a shaft rotatably mounted in the block member, said arm having a roller carried on its outer end, said roller disposed to engage an undersurface of the swing member as the shaft is rotated and as the roller engages this undersurface it lifts the swing member as the roller is swung in an arch of determined extent and when said arm is swung to disengage the roller the swing member is lowered to a supported condition; (e) motor means for rotating the shaping wheel in the same direction as the rotation of the grinding wheel so as to dress the grinding wheel with a small differential of surface speed whose average speed differential is not less than 100 surface feet per minute, and (f) means to precisely establish and maintain a determined dressing engagement of the shaping wheel with the rotating grinding wheel which includes a micrometer screw having a micrometer head, said micrometer screw being rotatably mounted in a threaded bore provided in the swing member, and with an anvil end of the micrometer screw disposed to engage a seating means on the block member.

4. A fixed support member disposed to be attached to a grinding machine and provide a guide means for the releasable mounting thereon of devices for use with the grinding wheel of the grinding machine, said support member including: (a) a base member having a pair of dovetail guides formed on the upper portion of the base member so that when the base member is mounted on the grinding machine the dovetail guides are substantially axially aligned with the axis of the spindle carrying the grinding wheel; (b) a deburring guide table having a main arm member having a through forward pin disposed to pivotally seat in and be retained in one of the dovetail guides, said main arm having a depending outboard portion in which is provided a workpiece supporting table portion which includes a slide stop and a support plate member which members are in fixed relation to each other so that the workpiece supporting and engaging faces are at an in cluded angle which is greater than (c) a relief formed at the intersection of the slide stop and support plate and extending the length of the guide table; (d) a cutout formed in the table portion and disposed to freely receive the outer peripheral portion of the grinding wheel and permit the face of the grinding wheel to extend a determined extent into the intersecting area defined by the slide stop and support plate members,

said extent providing means for deburring the edge of a workpiece as it is slid along the guide table and in way of and past the projecting face portion of the rotating grinding wheel, and also providing a guide means for a diamond dresser and the like when and as the dresser is slid along the table so as to be brought in way of and across the face of the grinding wheel so as to dress the face of said grinding wheel, and (e) a clamp means for removably mounting on the dovetail guides said deburring guide'table for use with the grinding wheel, said table while mounted on the base member further having means permitting the table to be selectively moved to and away from the face of the grinding wheel.

5. Apparatus for dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 2 in which the member carrying the support block upon upon which is mounted the pivotally mounted arm and in which is formed the guideway for said support block, said member being an upper hous- I ing having mating dovetail engaging means for mounting on the dovetail guides of the base member, one of the dovetail engaging means comprising a clamp member which is adjustable to a tightened condition permitting the upper housing to be slidably moved along the dovetail guides, and which may be further tightened to clamp said upper housing to the base member, .and with the clamp member in a loosened condition the upper housing and depending diamond dresser device may be removed from the dovetail guides of the base member.

6. Apparatus for dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 5 in which the diamond dresser is traversed in axial alignment with the axis of the grinding wheel and across the face of the grinding wheel by means of a lead screw carried in the base member, said lead screw rotated by a crank and the like, the lead screw operatively connected to the support member so as to move it along the dovetail guides as the lead screw is rotated.

7. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 3 in which the shaping wheel is rotated so that it travels at the faster surface speed and in which there is provided a mist nozzle and a supply of pressurized cleaning and lubricating fluid disposed for discharge from said mist nozzle, mist being directed towards and to the nip of the shaping wheel and grinding wheel.

8. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 7 in which the shaping wheel is plated with a diamond treated dressing surface having a thickness of from five to twenty thousandths of an inch.

9. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 3 in which the distal end of the swing member carries the shaft upon which is mounted the shaping wheel, said distal end being movable in a prescribed are as restrained in its side movement by adjustable guide means carried by the block member.

10. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 9 in which the adjustable guide means includes a pair of spaced apart rollers each carried on an eccentric stud which may be rotated so as to move the roller to a desired position in space disposed to engage a planar surface on the swing arm and guide and maintain the swing arm in a prescribed plane.

11. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 3 in which the block member 18 removably mounted in a guide means provided on the support and in which there is additionally provided means for moving said block member and the contour dressing apparatus along said guide means in a path precisely parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel.

12. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 11 in which the guide means is a pair of dovetail guides formed adjacent a top supporting surface of a base member and with said block member having a pair of mating dovetail guide engaging means, one of said dovetail guide engaging means comprising a clamp member which is adjustable to a tightened condition permitting the base member to be slidably moved along the dovetail guides and in which said clamp member may be further tightened to clamp the base member in the dovetail guides, and with the clamp member in a loosened condition the contour dressing device may be removed from the base member.

13. A fixed support member as in claim 4 in which the means for selectively moving the device to and away from the face of the grinding wheel includes a hook member disposed to engage the dovetail guide opposite the guide retaining the forward pin, said hook member having an aligned threaded bore in which an adjusting screw is mounted, said adjusting screw having a shoulder disposed to engage a swivel washer resting in a stop shoulder means provided on the main arm member, so that when the adjusting screw is rotated, the main arm member is pivotally moved around the forward pin to cause the guide table to be moved to and away from the face of the grinding wheel.

14. A fixed support member as in claim 13 in which there is provided a lock screw carried in a threaded bore in the main ann member, and by rotation of the lock screw one end of the lock screw is disposed to be moved into engagement with the hook member so as to lock the. engagement of the hook member in the dovetail guide and the determined pivotal adjustment of the guide table.

Claims

1. Apparatus for dressing the face of a grinding wheel while said wheel is rotatably carried by the spindle of a grinding machine, said apparatus including: (a) a guide guard fixed to the spindle of a grinding machine; (b) a guide means provided on the support and disposed to removably receive and retain a grinding wheel dressing device; (c) a base member portion of said grinding wheel dressing device, said member portion removably mountable in and on said guide means; (d) dovetail guide means along which said base member and the dressing device portion thereof may be moved in a path substantially parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, the rate and extent of said movement being at the discretion of the operator; (e) a deburring and dressing guide table which includes a main arm member having a through forward pin disposed to pivotally seat in and be retained in said dovetail guide means, said main arm having a depending outboard portion in which there is provided a workpiece supporting table portion which includes a slide stop and a support plate member, said members being in fixed relation to each other so that the workpiece supporting and engaging faces are at an included angle which is greater than 90*; (f) a relief formed at the intersection of the slide stop and support plate and extending the length of the guide table, and (g) a cutout formed in the table portion and disposed to receive the outer peripheral portion of the grinding wheel and permit the face of the grinding wheel to extend a determined extent into the intersecting area defined by the slide stop and support plate members, said extent providing means for deburring the edge of a workpiece as it is slid along the guide table and in way of and past the projecting face portion of the rotating grinding wheel, and also providing a guide means for a diamond dresser and the like when and as the dresser is slid along the table so as to be brought in way of and across the face of the grinding wheel so as to dress the face of said grinding wheel.

4. A fixed support member disposed to be attached to a grinding machine and provide a guide means for the releasable mounting thereon of devices for use with the grinding wheel of the grinding machine, said support member including: (a) a base member having a pair of dovetail guides formed on the upper portion of the base member so that when the base member is mounted on the grinding machine the dovetail guides are substantially axially aligned with the axis of the spindle carrying the grinding wheel; (b) a deburring guide table having a main arm member having a through forward pin disposed to pivotally seat in and be retained in one of the dovetail guides, said main arm having a depending outboard portion in which is provided a workpiece supporting table portion which includes a slide stop and a support plate member which members are in fixed relation to each other so that the workpiece supporting and engaging faces are at an included angle which is greater than 90* ; (c) a relief formed at the intersection of the slide stop and support plate and extending the length of the guide table; (d) a cutout formed in the table portion and disposed to freely receive the outer peripheral portion of the grinding wheel and permit the face of the grinding wheel to extend a determined extent into the intersecting area defined by the slide stop and support plate members, said extent providing means for deburrinG the edge of a workpiece as it is slid along the guide table and in way of and past the projecting face portion of the rotating grinding wheel, and also providing a guide means for a diamond dresser and the like when and as the dresser is slid along the table so as to be brought in way of and across the face of the grinding wheel so as to dress the face of said grinding wheel, and (e) a clamp means for removably mounting on the dovetail guides said deburring guide table for use with the grinding wheel, said table while mounted on the base member further having means permitting the table to be selectively moved to and away from the face of the grinding wheel.

5. Apparatus for dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 2 in which the member carrying the support block upon upon which is mounted the pivotally mounted arm and in which is formed the guideway for said support block, said member being an upper housing having mating dovetail engaging means for mounting on the dovetail guides of the base member, one of the dovetail engaging means comprising a clamp member which is adjustable to a tightened condition permitting the upper housing to be slidably moved along the dovetail guides, and which may be further tightened to clamp said upper housing to the base member, and with the clamp member in a loosened condition the upper housing and depending diamond dresser device may be removed from the dovetail guides of the base member.

9. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 3 in which the distal end of the swing member carries the shaft upon which is mounted the shaping wheel, said distal end being movable in a prescribed arc as restrained in its side movement by adjustable guide means carried by the block member.

11. Apparatus for contour dressing the face of a grinding wheel as in claim 3 in which the block member is removably mounted in a guide means provided on the support and in which there is additionally provided means for moving said block member and the contour dressing apparatus along said guide means in a path precisely parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel.

14. A fixed support member as in claim 13 in which there is provided a lock screw carried in a threaded bore in the main arm member, and by rotation of the lock screw one end of the lock screw is disposed to be moved into engagement with the hook member so as to lock the engagement of the hook member in the dovetail guide and the determined pivotal adjustment of the guide table.