US3552884A - Fluid pumping station working on the compressed air principle with partial recovery and re-cycling of the air - Google Patents

Fluid pumping station working on the compressed air principle with partial recovery and re-cycling of the air Download PDF

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Publication number
US3552884A
US3552884A US744772A US3552884DA US3552884A US 3552884 A US3552884 A US 3552884A US 744772 A US744772 A US 744772A US 3552884D A US3552884D A US 3552884DA US 3552884 A US3552884 A US 3552884A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
air
compressed air
compressor
chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US744772A
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English (en)
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Giovanni Faldi
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EPI SpA
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Individual
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Assigned to EPI SOCIETA PER AZIONI reassignment EPI SOCIETA PER AZIONI ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: FALDI, GIOVANNI
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/06—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/10—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped of multiple type, e.g. with two or more units in parallel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps

Definitions

  • a pump casing in the form of several pump cylinders or cylindrical chambers each with valves which usually operate automatically (a fluid inlet valve and a fluid delivery valve);
  • An air distributor situated between the pump casing and the compressed air supply
  • a compressed air supply generally in the form of a compressor.
  • Some of these so-called closed cycle systems contemplate recovery of the compressed air by connecting the delivery or discharge duct of the distributor to the suction pipe of the single stage compressor, so as to recycle the air that has already been used in each pump chamber.
  • the semi-closed cycle compressor must, in this case, be a single stage compressor.
  • these systems contemplate the application of a valve adjacent to the suction duct of the single stage compressor.
  • This is a special valve which operates at a preset pressure. When the pressure falls below a certain level, this valve allows the compressor to draw in air from the atmosphere, too, both in order to make up for inherent losses in the system itself, as well as to reach the quantity required for the subsequent pumping stage.
  • the purpose of the invention now to be described, is to create a semi-closed cycle pumping station aifording a high economy both in compressed air as well as in energy absorbed, and this high saving will increase even more as the operating pressure increases.
  • the essential feature of the plant using this invention is that in addition to a compressor working in combination with a multi-chamber pump, connected to a compressed air supply, it also employs a so-called transfer compressor which serves the purpose of transferring compressed air already used by one of the chambers to re-cycle this air by means of a special distributor.
  • the plant consists of:
  • a feed compressor for the supply of compressed air this compressor is single stage for low pressures (gen erally up to three atmospheres) and two-stage for higher pressures (generally above three atmospheres).
  • the compressor supplies compressed air to the plant, taking in this fresh air from the external atmosphere.
  • a single-stage transfer or recirculating compressor which transfers the compressed air already used in one chamber, to the next chamber.
  • the period of time during which transfer takes place can be regulated and transfer can be checked when the pressure in the pump chamber that has already operated falls below a given pro-set pressure.
  • a compressed air distributor which is so constructed that apart from distributing compressed air to the pump chambers in the conventional way, also allows the compressed air discharge duct of each chamber to be connected to the intake of the transfer compressor for a period of time which can be regulated at will.
  • the transfer compressor subsequently sends this compressed air to next pump chamber and after the pressure has fallen below a given level, opens the discharge duct to the atmosphere.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram which illustrates such a plant incorporating a mechanically operated distributor.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram giving one view of the above mentioned distributor.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the same plant but with an electronically operated distributor.
  • FIG. 1 represents schematically the operation of a fluid pumping station exploiting this invention. It consists of:
  • a pump casing incorporating three chambers (C1, C2, C3) each one with a fluid inlet valve (A11, A12, A13), with a delivery valve (A21, A22, A23) at the end of the delivery pipe (A31, A32, A33), and a floater-type check-valve (V1, V2, V3) to let compressed air into the chambers through three air ducts (T1, T2, T3), the latter being connected to the distributor generically marked as D.
  • the delivery pipes (A31, A32, A33) of the three chambers are connected to a single delivery manifold A34.
  • Delivery pipe T5 and delivery pipe T7 which connect the respective compressors COT and CA to delivery pipe T6 and thus to the compressed air manifold (COM) of the distributor.
  • this distributor is to connect cyclically pipes T1, T2, T3 to the manifold COM for the delivery of compressed air to one or another of the three chambers C1, C2, C3; or with pipe S which, during the transfer phase, allows the compressed air discharged from one of the chambers to pass into the suction pipe T4 of compressor COT; or with discharge duct SA which discharges into the atmosphere.
  • Pipe T4 adjacent to compressor COT is fitted with a calibrated spring valve VA so that the transfer compressor COT will suck in air from the atmosphere during the initial pumping stage only, and hence prevents compressed air from entering pipe T4 and possibly discharging into the atmosphere.
  • the two compressors transfer compressor and feed compressor
  • the two compressors will displace approximately equal volumes of air which should be about two to two and a half times that of the liquid to be pumped.
  • the suction phase of pre-compressed air by the transfer compressor COT will be of limited duration, pre-determined on the basis of prior calculations through estimation.
  • the fluid of chamber C1 will rise only to the level of the reversed seat of the floater-type valve V1 which operates with a rubber ball or ball of other appropriate material.
  • the purpose of this valve is to avoid malfunctioning of the system through miss-timing of the distributor. This valve therefore prevents any trouble that might otherwise be created by a too prolonged suction phase of compressor COT, and which might cause a siphoning of liquid from pump chamber C1 through distributor D to compressor COT.
  • the equipment just described is perfectly trouble-free and can either operate with air-transfer into the pump chamber in advance, i.e. before the preceding pump chamber has been emptied, or, of course, without advance, in which case the various phases are timed so as to obtain maximum efliciency in the system thus reducing the work required of feed compressor CA to an absolute minimum.
  • compressor COT must work at the lowest possible pressure ratio in order to obtain the highest possible efliciency of the transfer compressor COT itself. It is a well known fact that the lower the compression ratio (that is, the ratio between the initial absolute intake pressure and the final absolute compression pressure in the compressor) the lower will be the amount of energy consumed to compress a determined quantity of air to a determined final absolute pressure.
  • the distributor is fitted with a non-return check valve. As two pump chambers may be in the transfer phase at the same time during the transfer operation, this checkvalve prevents a possible transfer of air from the chamber having a higher pressure to the one having a lower pressure.
  • the mechanicallly operated distribution can be of any kind.
  • it could be of the type described in the applicants -U.S.A. Patent No. 3,319,654 which is distinguished by the fact that the compressed air passes through single valves in which the valve shutter is held simply by pressure and is actuated by a piston, which, in its turn, is actuated by compressed air fed in from the air supply duct, or by oil supplied from a special pump through valves operated by a single camshaft.
  • FIG. 2 This mechanically operated device is illustrated in schematic diagram FIG. 2.
  • the annular manifolds are marked COM, S, SA and correspond to those indicated by the same letters in the schematic diagram of the distributor in FIG. 1.
  • K1, K2, K3 indicate the chambers connected respectively to pipes T1, T2, T3.
  • COT and CA indicate respectively the transfer compressor and the feed compressor, which, through their respective delivery pipes T5 and T7 are both connected to pipe T6, and send compressed air to annular manifold COM.
  • valves V1, V2, V3; V4, V5, V6; and V7, V8, V9, actuated by three sets of valve pistons P1, P2, P3; P4, P5, P6; and P7, P8, P9.
  • These are one-way, fitted with return springs and are operated by compressed air taken from the same delivery pipe T6, through pipe T8 and valves A1, A2, A3; A4, A5, A6; and A7, A8, A9 actuated by their respective cams Q1, Q2, Q3; Q4, Q5, Q6; and Q7, Q8, Q9 on a single cam-shaft.
  • the angular phase displacement of the respective cams on the cam-shaft is such as to obtain perfect cyclical operation of the distributor and thus of the Whole plant.
  • the distributor works in the following way:
  • compression valve V1 of the first pump chamber, its piston P1 being actuated through valve A1 is about to close.
  • Valve V4 of the second pump chamber, its piston P4 being actuated through valve A4 is already open due the advance timing.
  • Valve V8 which serves the purpose of transferring compressed air from the third chamber to the first chamber, is also about to close. All the other pistons are closed.
  • valve piston P1 actuated by valve A1
  • valve piston P8 actuated by valve A8, and which draws air from chamber C3 transferring it to chamber C1, also closes.
  • Compressed air is thus forced into chamber C2 through a duct T4 which carries the compressed air from the transfer manifold S to the transfer compressor (COT) inlet, which, in its turn delivers the compressed air through duct T5.
  • COT transfer compressor
  • This recovered and transferred air is brought up to operating pressure and added to the air fed in through compressor CA is delivered to the manifold COM.
  • Valve V4 which lets compressed air into the second pump chamber, is already open and all the compressed air collected in manifold COM is thus sent to the second pump chamber.
  • valve V9 also opens, thus allowing the remaining compressed air of the third chamber to be discharged into the atmosphere.
  • Valve piston P9 is, of course, actuated by valve A9.
  • the third chamber is thus empty and can fill up again with liquid.
  • valve V9 its piston P9, actuated by valve A9, has allowed the residual air of the third chamber to be discharged into the atmosphere, and thus allowed the third chamber to fill up with liquid
  • valve V9 closes, once again actuated by valve A9.
  • valve V7 opens. The latter is actuated by valve A7 working on piston P7 and allows the compressed air to pass into the third chamber.
  • valve V7 opens before valve V4 closes; valve V4 is the one that allows the compressed air to pass into the second pump chamber C2.
  • the Opening phase of valve V7 before valve V4 closes is one of the particulars of the advanced timing; that is, to begin the delivery of compressed air into the next chamber, before the delivery of compressed air into the preceding chamber has terminated.
  • the advanced timing permits an even and uniform flow of liquid.
  • valve V4 closes.
  • the function of valve P4, as we have seen, is to let air into the second pump chamber C2, the valve piston P4 being actuated through valve A4.
  • valve V2 closes.
  • the purpose of valve V2, actuated through valve A2 is to transfer the air from the first pump chamber to the second pump chamber.
  • alve V5 closes, actuated through valve AS, the purpose of valve V5 being to transfer the compressed air from the second pump chamber to the third pump chamber.
  • valves can advantageously be substituted by an electronically operated distributor incorporating electrically actuated valves applied to the tubing connecting the compressors to the various pump chambers. These valves are actuated through electrical impulses received from an appropriately pre-set timer.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates this second type, which, in addition to the three chamber pump (C1, C2, C3), the transfer compressor COT and the feed compressor CA, also has the electrically operated valves S11, S12, S13 applied to the single delivery pipes T1, T2, T3 which lead in turn to the three chambers respectively, electrically operated valves S21, S22, S23 applied to the suction pipes r11, r12, t13 which are connected to the suction pipes of COT, and with A1, A2, A3 being the electrically operated discharge valves, that permit pipes r11, r12, :13 to be opened to the atmosphere.
  • M indicates the electric motor that drives the compressors and Timer TK that actuates the valves.
  • valve S11 opens and S21 and A1 close.
  • the compressed air thus passes from manifold COM into chamber C1 and drives out the liquid through delivery pipe A31.
  • S11 closes and S21 opens, whilst S12 has opened in advance of the closing of S11.
  • a device for pumping fluids by means of compressed gas comprising:
  • a plurality of submerged chambers each being provided with a fluid inlet valve, a fluid outlet valve, and a compressed gas supply tube;
  • means for cyclically controlling the flow of compressed gas to said submerged chambers through said supply tubes comprising a compressed gas distributor
  • said compressed gas transferring means comprising a recirculating compressor, recirculator gas tube means passing from said distributor to said recirculating compressor and from said recirculating compressor to said distributor.
  • a device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said recirculating compressor comprises a single stage compressor.
  • each of said submerged chambers is provided at its upper end with a floater-type check-valve with reversed seat at the end of said gas supply tube.
  • said distributor comprises means for regulating the intake of 8 compressed gas from said first submerged chamber to said recirculating compressor to effect said transfer of compressed gas for a determined period of time until the pressure in said first chamber is decreased to a predetermined value.
  • a device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said distributor comprises electrically actuated valve means and timer means to control said electrically actuated valve means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
US744772A 1967-07-20 1968-07-15 Fluid pumping station working on the compressed air principle with partial recovery and re-cycling of the air Expired - Lifetime US3552884A (en)

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IT1863467 1967-07-20

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DE (1) DE1703829C3 (de)
FR (1) FR1576743A (de)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3791763A (en) * 1971-03-16 1974-02-12 G Faldi Pump used in dredging systems operating with compressed air
JPS5071133A (de) * 1973-07-27 1975-06-12
US3994082A (en) * 1974-01-04 1976-11-30 Pneuma International S.A. Air operated dredging apparatus
FR2429343A1 (fr) * 1978-06-20 1980-01-18 Epi Spa Installation de pompage immergee, notamment pour materiau de dragage
US4239054A (en) * 1977-11-15 1980-12-16 Rijn Antoon J Van Water pressurizing installation
US4253255A (en) * 1979-01-08 1981-03-03 Durell William E Automated dredging with vacuum assist
WO1981001246A1 (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-05-14 Caterpillar Tractor Co Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid
US4307525A (en) * 1979-08-16 1981-12-29 Amtec Development Company Pneumatic-hydraulic pump dredge
US4323452A (en) * 1979-11-01 1982-04-06 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid
US4353174A (en) * 1980-08-11 1982-10-12 Amtec Development Company Electronic control system for pneumatic-hydraulic pump dredge
US5033494A (en) * 1988-06-30 1991-07-23 Union Oil Company Of California Process for the volumetric transfer of liquids
US5248243A (en) * 1992-01-22 1993-09-28 World Pump Corporation Pneumatically operated and controlled fluid pump
US5368447A (en) * 1991-12-18 1994-11-29 Halliburton Company Well testing or production facility transfer system
ES2074020A2 (es) * 1993-11-11 1995-08-16 Lopez Maximo Gutierrez Mejoras introducidas en bombas neumaticas para impulsion de fluidos.
US5507601A (en) * 1988-09-19 1996-04-16 Mori-Gumi Co., Ltd. Method of transferring water with compressed air
US5520518A (en) * 1991-10-25 1996-05-28 Mori-Gumi Co., Ltd. Method of transferring fluent material with compressed gas
ES2117488A1 (es) * 1994-04-25 1998-08-01 Caballero Jesus Ortuno Bomba sumergible de aire a presion para la extraccion de agua en pozos.
US20180216312A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2018-08-02 Ihc Engineering Business Limited Underwater Trenching Apparatus and Pumping Apparatus

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3791763A (en) * 1971-03-16 1974-02-12 G Faldi Pump used in dredging systems operating with compressed air
JPS5071133A (de) * 1973-07-27 1975-06-12
US3994082A (en) * 1974-01-04 1976-11-30 Pneuma International S.A. Air operated dredging apparatus
US4239054A (en) * 1977-11-15 1980-12-16 Rijn Antoon J Van Water pressurizing installation
FR2429343A1 (fr) * 1978-06-20 1980-01-18 Epi Spa Installation de pompage immergee, notamment pour materiau de dragage
US4253255A (en) * 1979-01-08 1981-03-03 Durell William E Automated dredging with vacuum assist
US4307525A (en) * 1979-08-16 1981-12-29 Amtec Development Company Pneumatic-hydraulic pump dredge
WO1981001246A1 (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-05-14 Caterpillar Tractor Co Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid
US4323452A (en) * 1979-11-01 1982-04-06 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Pumpless flow system for a corrosive liquid
US4353174A (en) * 1980-08-11 1982-10-12 Amtec Development Company Electronic control system for pneumatic-hydraulic pump dredge
US5033494A (en) * 1988-06-30 1991-07-23 Union Oil Company Of California Process for the volumetric transfer of liquids
US5507601A (en) * 1988-09-19 1996-04-16 Mori-Gumi Co., Ltd. Method of transferring water with compressed air
US5544983A (en) * 1988-09-19 1996-08-13 Mori-Gumi Co., Ltd. Method of transferring material from the bottom of a body of water
US5520518A (en) * 1991-10-25 1996-05-28 Mori-Gumi Co., Ltd. Method of transferring fluent material with compressed gas
US5368447A (en) * 1991-12-18 1994-11-29 Halliburton Company Well testing or production facility transfer system
US5248243A (en) * 1992-01-22 1993-09-28 World Pump Corporation Pneumatically operated and controlled fluid pump
ES2074020A2 (es) * 1993-11-11 1995-08-16 Lopez Maximo Gutierrez Mejoras introducidas en bombas neumaticas para impulsion de fluidos.
ES2117488A1 (es) * 1994-04-25 1998-08-01 Caballero Jesus Ortuno Bomba sumergible de aire a presion para la extraccion de agua en pozos.
US20180216312A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2018-08-02 Ihc Engineering Business Limited Underwater Trenching Apparatus and Pumping Apparatus
US10895060B2 (en) * 2015-07-30 2021-01-19 Royal Ihc Limited Underwater trenching apparatus and pumping apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1576743A (de) 1969-08-01
DE1703829B2 (de) 1980-04-10
DE1703829A1 (de) 1972-03-09
DE1703829C3 (de) 1980-12-04

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Owner name: EPI SOCIETA PER AZIONI, VIA DELLA CUPOLA 243-5-7,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FALDI, GIOVANNI;REEL/FRAME:003842/0359

Effective date: 19810303