US3552334A

US3552334A - Incinerator

Info

Publication number: US3552334A
Application number: US795546*A
Authority: US
Inventors: Helmut Springer; Fritz Bienick
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1969-01-31
Filing date: 1969-01-31
Publication date: 1971-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1988-01-05

Abstract

An incinerator has a lower combustion portion preferably equipped with a burner and an upper afterburning portion which can be swung off the lower portion. This upper portion has an upper outlet mouth. A chimney extends alongside the portions and has a lateral flue which opens just above the upper outlet mouth. A collar on the flue controls the amount of air let in at the gap between the flue''s end and the mouth and this collar can be lifted also to swing out the upper afterburning portion for loading the combustibles into the burning chamber. A flap on the chimney below where the flue is connected is biased closed by a weight and, on excessive draft, opens to control this draft.

Description

[73] Assignee United States Patent [721 Inventors l'lelmut Springer said Bienick assignor to said Springer [54] INCINERATOR 10 Claims, 3 Drawing Figs.

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[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,327,945 6/ 1 967 Pfister 1 10/ 1 63V Primary Examiner- Kenneth W. Sprague Altorney- Karl F. Ross ABSTRACT: An incinerator has a lower combustion portion preferably equipped with a burner and an upper afterburning portion which can be swung off the lower portion. This upper portion has an upper outlet mouth. A chimney extends alongside the portions and has a lateral flue which opens just above the upper outlet mouth. 'A collar on the flue controls the amount of air let in at the gap between the flues end and the mouth and this collar can be lifted also to swing out the upper afterburning portion for loading the combustibles into the burning chamber. A flap on the chimney below where the flue is connected is biased closed by a weight and, on excessive draft, opens to control this draft.

PATENTEDJAN 5191! v 5

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1 or 2 8b 7 Helmuf Springer Frifz Bienick I N VEN 'IORS.

1 ibb BY Attorney PATENTEU JAN 5197! SHEET 2 BF 2 Hulmuf Springer Fri 12 Biem'ck INVEN'IORS.

w A g Attorney INCINERATOR Our invention relates to an incinerator for such combustibles as paper, wood, trash, and the like.

Incinerators are known having a lower combustion chamber and an upper afterbuming chamber. This upper chamber is topped with a dome which connects with a chimney and is displaceable relative to the lower chamber by complex means. With certain materials this chimney does not produce sufficient draft, and with others it produces too much and causes sparks to fly out its top.

The principalobject of our invention is to provide an improved incinerator which overcomes these above-mentioned and other disadvantages.

Another object is to provide an incinerator which is easy to load and has simplified means enabling such loading.

A yet further object is to provide an incinerator whose draft can accurately and largely automatically be controlled according to the material being incinerated.

We attain these and other objects in accordance with the principal features of our invention by providing an incinerator wherein the chimney stands next to the housing which is divided into two relatively displaceable portions. The upper portion serves as the afterburner and the lower chamber as the combustion portion. The chimney has a lateral flue which opens just above an upper outlet mouth of the afterbuming portion which in addition, can be swung out from between the flue and off the lower portion for loading of the latter. A collar fits around the lower end of the flue and can be adjusted to vary the gap between this lower end and the outlet mouth. The chimney is provided with a downwardly opening branch below the flue connection. This branch is closed by an inwardly opening door which is equipped with an adjustable counterweight such that when the draft in the chimney exceeds a predetermined limit the door or flap opens and admits air.

Such a device makes it possible to burn a variety of materials and adjust the draw of the incinerator for each different material, according to need. Furthermore, simple lifting of the collar through some lever arrangement frees the afterbuming portion and allows this latter to be swung simply and easily out of the way for loading of the combustion portion of the incinerator. No heavy chimney is attached to the top making for extra weight and bulkiness when removing the upper portion for loading. This chimney arrangement of our invention thus attains two very valuable ends.

These and other objects, features, and advantages of our present invention will be more readily apparent from the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 shows an incinerator according to our invention partly in section;

HO. 2 shows a detail of our invention in enlarged section; and

FIG. 3 shows a section along line lllIlI of FIG. 2.

Our incinerator has a lower combustion portion 1 in which such materials as paper are ignited and partly burned, and an afterbuming chamber 2 in which the remaining combustibles are fully burned. Air is admitted into the lower portion through a plurality of holes 13b and a central perforated airdistribution sleeve 18. The walls of this portion 1 are ideally of concrete or some refractory material.

The upper portion 2 consists of a central liner 15 formed with a plurality of holes 1312 and an outside jacket 14 with a space 19 for air to rise in between them. This portion 2 has an upper outlet mouth 3 and holes 130 in its upper regions for air plus a screen 24 for filtering out large particles.

An upright rod fixed on the lower portion 1 passes through two lugs 17 on the upper portion 2. A lever arm 16 pivoted on the lower lug 17 can be pulled back in the direction of an arrow 2] to lift the whole upper afterbuming portion 2 enough to clear the lower portion 1 and then pivoting of the lever 16 about the rod 20 moves this whole portion 2 to the side to allow loading of the combustion portion 1.

An oil burner 12 is shown provided in the wall of the lower portion. This serves to ignite particularly hard to burn materials.

A chimney 4 stands next to the two

portions

1 and 2 and shares a common base plate 7 with them. A flue 5 connected to this chimney has a lower end 28 opening just above the outlet mouth 3 of the upper portion 2. This lower end 28 has a rim 27 on which a collar 8 rests. A lever 9 actuated by a handle 22 can lift this collar 8 to adjust a gap 6 between the lower end 28 and the mouth 3. Lifting of this collar is also necessary before the upper portion is swung off the lower portion 1.

As shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3 the chimney has a branch 25 whose lower end is closed by a pivotal door or flap 10. An adjustable counterweight 11 is slidable on a rod 28 mounting the door 10. When the 'draft in the chimney exceeds a predetermined limit, this counterweight 11 is outbalanced by the suction working on the door 10 and extra air is allowed into the chimney 4.

In this manner the door 10 automatically adjusts the draft in the chimney 4 while some manual adjustment can be carried out by setting of the collar 8 over the gap 6 for optimum srnoke-free burning. This collar 8 also makes it easy to swing the upper afterbuming portion 2 of the incinerator out of the way to allow loading of the lower portion 1.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the upper portion 2 of the incinerator has a frustoconical hood 3a terminating in the cylindrical neck 3. and converging upwardly with the vertical axis A which is perpendicular to the base plate 7 of the incinerator. The inner, afterbumer member 15, which is provided with air inlet apertures 13a, likewise has a perforated frustoconical portion 15a terminating in a neck 15b coaxial with the neck 3 whose screen 24 spans the interior of the neck above member 15b. The neck 3 is cylindrical and coextensive, in the normal position of the upper portion 2, with the cylindrical downwardly extending end 28 of the flue 5. The axis B of the chimney 4, which is parallel to the axis A of the vertically elongated cylinder housing, is also vertical and perpendicular to the base plate 7, while being parallel to the axis C of the downwardly extending cylindrical portion 250 of the branch 25.

The actuating means for withdrawing the collar 8 as its pull rod 22 located at a distance from the incinerator l, 2, 3, and articulated at 22a to the lever 9 whose fulcrum 9a is constituted by a lug 9b on the flue 5. At diametrically opposite locations on opposite sides of the tube 28, the collar 8 is provided with upstanding lugs 8a (one shown) in which the bifur cated end of lever 9 pivotally engage.

The combustion portion 1 of the incinerator which has al ready been described as constituting a fire box, comprises in addition to the central perforated air-distribution sleeve 18, which ensures that air will reach substantially all of the combustible material stuffed into the combustion chamber, a spider 18a supporting this sleeve, a grate lfibat least partially supporting the combustion mass and ash collection drawer 26. The latter is withdrawable via the handlei26a", or runner 26b while the grate 18b is supported on rail c5 "and can be withdrawn via the handle 18d. The oil burner 1'2;:'which is optional, is designed to burn a fuel/air mixtjr ithin the combustion chamber, thereby ensuring com combustion of the materials therewithin. 1

The improvement described and illus admit of many modifications within th skilled in the art, all such modificatio within the spirit and scope of the inventi by the appended claims.

We claim:

1. An incinerator assembly, comprising a two-part housing having a lower comb an upper afterbuming portion, said u an outlet mouth; an upright chimney alongside said housi a two-ended flue having one end conne and the other end opening downwardly while being spaced therefrom across means enabling displacement of said up between said other end of said flue for bustibles into said housing; and

5 believed to o ucing comdraft-regulating means connected to said chimney independently of said flue below said one end for controlling the draft in said housing. I

,2. The incinerator assemblydefined in claim 1, furthercomprising. a base plate, said chimney and said housing being mounted on said plate.

. 3. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 2, furthercomprisinga vertically displaceable collar shiftable over-said'outlet mouth and adapted to surround said gap, and meansfor a displacing said collar.

'-prising a base plate, said housingbeing vertically elongated and mounted on said base plate, said upper. portion of said housing being formed with any upwardly converging ,frustoconical hood portion terminating at a cylindrical tubular neck defining said mouth, said neck having an axis perpendicular to said plate, said chimney 'being-mounteddirectly on said plate with a vertical axis perpendicular to'the plate and ,parallel to the first-mentioned axis, said flue having i a i downwardly extending cylindricalatube axially=aligned and coextensivewith-saidmeck-and constitutingsaid:other end of I said flue,a'vertically displaceable-collaron said ltubekhaving a --lower=positionwherein said collar surrounds-said gapand an upper-position wherein saidneck clears saidcollar forqsaid diswplacement 'of'saidrupper portion, and mechanism for shifting said collar between said-positions. j

"8. The incineratorasse mbly defined in'claim"7 wherein said collarsurroundssaid gap in said lower position while commu- 0 nicating -between-saidgap and-thesurrounding atmosphere with adjustable airflow-cross-sec'tion, saidmeans'enabling'dis- -pl'acement-of 'sa'idvupperportion including-pivotmeans .interoonnectinglsaid upper zand lowerportions andwrnean's for swinging said upper'portion relatively toisaid tube and said loweriportionaboutsaid pivot means, said lower portion being formedwith a burnerfor fuel-and-air combustioninsaid lower portion, saidupperand lower portions being provided with apertures @open to the-atmosphere vfor sustaining combustion itherein. 9. Theincinerator. assembly defined in claim 8 wherein said mechanism includesa lever engaging'said-collaryand a'pull rod spaced'from saidhousing and connected tosaidlever.

"IOJ'Fhe incineratorassemblydefined in claim'9 wherein said 'draft-regulating-means inclu'des a downwardly extending branchhaving an axis parallel to the, axis of said chimney and '-formed -.with-an opening, a :flap pivotally mounted on said branch for adjusting theefiective crosssection-of said-opening, and an adjustablecounterweight connected'tosaidflap.

Claims

1. An incinerator assembly, comprising: a two-part housing having a lower combustion portion and an upper afterburning portion, said upper portion having an outlet mouth; an upright chimney alongside said housing; a two-ended flue having one end connected to said chimney and the other end opening downwardly above said mouth while being spaced therefrom across a gap; means enabling displacement of said upper portion out from between said other end of said flue for introducing combustibles into said housing; and draft-regulating means connected to said chimney independently of said flue below said one end for controlling the draft in said housing.

2. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 1, further comprising a base plate, said chimney and said housing being mounted on said plate.

3. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 2, further comprising a vertically displaceable collar shiftable over said outlet mouth and adapted to surround said gap, and means for displacing said collar.

4. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 3 wherein the last-mentioned means is adjustable to control air inflow to said flue.

5. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 4 wherein said chimney is formed with an opening below said one end of said flue and said draft-regulating means comprises a pivotal flap in said opening, and means adjustably biasing said flap for controlling air inflow through said opening.

6. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 1, further comprising a burner in said lower portion for igniting combustible material therein.

7. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 1, further comprising a base plate, said housing being vertically elongated and mounted on said base plate, said upper portion of said housing being formed with an upwardly converging frustoconical hood portion terminating at a cylindrical tubular neck defining said mouth, said neck having an axis perpendicular to said plate, said chimney being mounted directly on said plate with a vertical axis perpendicular to the plate and parallel to the first-mentioned axis, said flue having a downwardly extending cylindrical tube axially aligned and coextensive with said neck and constituting said other end of said flue, a vertically displaceable collar on said tube having a lower position wherein said collar surrounds said gap and an upper position wherein said neck clears said collar for said displacement of said upper portion, and mechanism for shifting said collar between said positions.

8. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 7 wherein said collar surrounds said gap in said lower position while communicating between said gap and the surrounding atmosphere with adjustable airflow cross section, said means enabling displacement of said upper portion including pivot means interconnecting said upper and lower portions and means for swinging said upper portion relatiVely to said tube and said lower portion about said pivot means, said lower portion being formed with a burner for fuel-and-air combustion in said lower portion, said upper and lower portions being provided with apertures open to the atmosphere for sustaining combustion therein.

9. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 8 wherein said mechanism includes a lever engaging said collar and a pull rod spaced from said housing and connected to said lever.

10. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 9 wherein said draft-regulating means includes a downwardly extending branch having an axis parallel to the axis of said chimney and formed with an opening, a flap pivotally mounted on said branch for adjusting the effective cross section of said opening, and an adjustable counterweight connected to said flap.