US2411324A - Burner device for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 19, 1946. c. 1... GAGNON BURNER DEVICE FOR FURNACES Filed Oct. 2, 1944 IOOOODI Cfiar/s L. (59572022 4 heating action.

Patented Nov. 19, 1946 ,RUNIITEDI. .STATES 'PATEN T'- OFFICE BURNER- DEVICE FOR FURNACES Charles L. Gagnon, Green Bay, Wis. ApplicationOctober 2, 1944, Serial No. 556,821

Claims. (Cl. 126-83) This invention relates generally to the class of "which is formed to provide a fuel receivingreceptacle and combustion chamber which is constructed in a novel manner to cause the combustion supporting air to be circulated in a noyel manner through the fuel and through a heat radiating drum before the products of combustion pass off to the chimney, thereby effecting an absorption of the fuel heating units to a greater extent than would be the case if the fuel were consumed in the usual open fire-box of the furnace structure.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description of the same proceeds, and the invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming a part of the specification, with the understanding, however, that the invention is not confined to a strict conformity with the showing of the drawing but may be changed or modified so long as such changes or modifications mark no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

In the drawing;

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a furnace and a structure installed therein, constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partial horizontal section taken on the line 2--2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view in front elevation of the hood or truncated cone per se.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 3. I

Figure 5 is a detail section on an enlarge scale through a portion of the upper end of the structure.

Figure 6 is a view in top plan of the portion of the structure sl: own in section in Figure 5.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing wherein like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views, the numeral l0 generally designates a furnace structure of conventional design in which the fuel combustion chamber is designated II.

In the lower part of the combustion chamber is a conventional grate l2 above which is located the usual upwardly flaring fire-pot I3. The chimney pipe or lead-off for the products of combus'tion is indicated at I4 while the conventional fuel admission door opening and door covering the same are designated l5 and I6 respectively.

In accordance with the present invention there is provided a cylindrical structure in the form of a truncated cone which is generally designated ll. This might be defined as a dome which'has a base circumference the same as the circumference of the top of the fire-pot l3 upon which it rests. v

The dome I] may be formed in two sections or more asdesired to facilitate its installation in the fire-box or combustion chamber of the furnace,

such sections being secured together by bolts or other suitable means.

Formed through the wall of the dome l1 and extending through a substantial portion ofthe circumference of the unit, is a door opening which is located in the set-up structure adjacent to the furnace opening [5, such door or fuel admission opening being designated, l8.

Adjacent to the bottom edge of the dome is the guide flange IS in which isslidably engaged the bottom edge flanges 20 of the two sliding doors 2 I. Each of these doors has formed therethrough, draft openings 22 controlled by the usual control or damper plate 23. The draft openings are so located in the sliding doors that they willbe opposite the door opening l5 when the sliding doors 2| are in closed position.

Disposed vertically within the dome is an imperforate flue cylinder 24, at thetop edge of which is the outwardly projecting surrounding flange 25 which engages over the top edge of the dome unit i1 so that the cylinder hangs from the dome unit. The cylinder is of a length to extend a substantial distance downwardly into the fire-pot l3 but terminates a substantial distance above the grate I! so that fuel introduced into the dome and fire-pot may flow under the lower end of the cylinder across the grate, to the center of the firepot.

Disposed concentrically within the cylinder 24 is an inner cylinder 26 which is of substantially the same length as cylinder 24 and is perforated throughout as indicated at 21. The cylinder 26 is of materially less outside diameter than the interior diameter of the cylinder 24 and the two cylinders are maintained in spaced parallel relation, by the spacer blocks 23 carried upon the outer wall of the cylinder 23, and suitable screws or bolts 23 which are passed throu h the Wall f the outer cylinder 24 and into the blocks.

The upper end of the inner perforated cylinder 26 is closed by the perforated head or top plate 30. This head is peripherally flanged as indicated at 3| and such flange extends into the upper end of the cylinder 26 to maintain the head in proper position.

Supported by the top of the cylinder 24, is an upwardly and outwardly flaring sectional unit 32, which is of circular form and which comprises a lower annular neck portion 33 which merges with the upwardly and outwardly extending or flaring portion 34. The annular portion 33 of this unit flts tightly into the upper end of the cylinder 24 and the flaring portion 34 extends upwardly an outwardly in the fire-box as shown.

The top edge of the flared unit 32 lies relatively close to the top of the fire-box H and as will be readily seen upon reference to Figure 1', the dome extends upwardly and centrally across, but is spaced from, the inner end of the chimney pipe I4. Thus it will be seen that the smoke and gases from burning fuel cannot flow directly from the flre-bed to the chimney but must pass up through the perforated cylinder 26 and cylinder 24 and through the flared unit and spread out under the top or roof of the combustion chamber and then flow downwardly across the outer side of the unit and the dome before passing to the chimney.

It will be readily understood that the various parts of the present device will, for convenience of installation, be formed in sections, as illustrated, adapted to be coupled together as the sections are assembled.

As will be readily apparent from the illustration, fuel will be charged into the fire-pot through the door opening I5 and through the opening l8 of the structure forming the present invention, to fill the space between the fire-pot l3, the dome I I and the cylinder 24.

When the fuel is introduced it will be caused to move centrally in the fire-pot by the inclined or slanted fire-pot wall and as the fuel is burned from beneath the to layers will naturally drop and be urged toward the center of the flre-pot by reason of the inclined wall and also from the effect of the down draft. b

When the fuel is charged into the furnace it it directed on each side of the cylinders and with enough force that, becaus of the circular form of the burner and fire-pot, it will be forced to move around the cylinders so as to flll the fire-pot completely.

From the foregoing it will be readily apparent that the fuel can be readily distributed around the cylinders and thus, with the fuel being forced to move inwardly as it drops in the fire-pot, there will always be a sumcient quantity in the center of the grate for the production of a good bed of live coals. Even if ther were no fuel in the center of the grate there would be suflicient amount of live embers or coals toward the side and by virtue of the down draft these would be drawn centrally and inwardly.

Recirculation of some of the gases and prodnets of combustion through the fuel and to the fire-bed may be effected by opening the draft doors 23 carried by the sliding doors 2| or additional air can be admitted by opening the usual draft control 36, on the door it, together with the draft control member 23. If a check of the combustion is desired this can be effected in the usual manner of opening the draft control means, not shown, carried by th door It and keeping the draft controls 23 closed so that air comin in through the opening l5 will flow directly upw rdly into the upper part of the combustion chamber and thus reduc the suction through the grate.

The device of the present invention not only functions to effect the more complete combustion of the fuel as to extract therefrom the maximum of heat units, but it also prevents chimney flres, eliminates clinkers and back-firing, and minimizes black smoke in th chimney or stack.

The device has been illustrated in a conventional type of hot air heating furnace but it is'to be understood that it is not confined to such use but may be used in any type of furnace where it is found applicable.

I claim:

1. In a furnace structure having a fire-box or combustion chamber, a fire-pot therein, a door opening leading into the chamber and a smoke pipe leading from the chamber; a truncated cone of hollow form open at its top and bottom, having the bottom resting against the top edge of the fire-pot. the cone extending upwardly in the chamber, a door opening in said cone, a door for closing said door opening, a cylindrical unit connected at one end withthe smaller end of the cone and extending downwardly through the cone into the fire-pot, and means mounted upon the top of the cone forming an upwardly and outwardly flaring deflector, said cone extending above the level of the smoke pipe and the door opening of the cone being disposed opposite the door opening leading into the combustion chamber..

2; A structure as set forth in claim 1, in which the cylindrical unit comprises a pair of spaced parallel cylindrical bodies, the outer one of said bodies being imperforate and the inner one of the bodies being perforated.

3. A structure as set forth in claim 1, in which the said cylindrical unit comprises two spaced parallel cylindrical bodies of a length greater than the height of the cone, the outer one of the cylindrical bodies being .imperforate and connected at one end with the top edge of the cone. the inner one of the cylindrical bodies being perforated. V

4. A unit for installation in a furnace structure comprising a hollow truncated conical body open at its ends, a cylindrical unit of greater length than said body and comprising spaced inner and outer cylinders, the outer cylinder being imperforate and the inner cylinder being perforated. the outer cylinder having a flanged end engaging over the edge of the smaller end of the body, and a circular upwardly and outwardly flaring deflector connected with the flanged end of the imperforate cylinder.

5. A structure as set forth in claim 4, in which the deflector unit comprises an annular bottom portion designed for insertion into the upper end I of the imperforate cylinder, and an upwardly and outwardly extending top portion projecting a substantial distance above and beyond the flanged end of the imperforate cylinder. 4

CHARLES L. GAGNON.

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