US3547854A - Three-phase aerosol spraying systems - Google Patents

Three-phase aerosol spraying systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3547854A
US3547854A US661835A US3547854DA US3547854A US 3547854 A US3547854 A US 3547854A US 661835 A US661835 A US 661835A US 3547854D A US3547854D A US 3547854DA US 3547854 A US3547854 A US 3547854A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mixture
water
phase
sprayed
propellant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US661835A
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English (en)
Inventor
Willy Roth
Otto Erwin Schenk
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Novartis Corp
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Geigy Chemical Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US3547854A publication Critical patent/US3547854A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/06—Processes in which the treating agent is dispersed in a gas, e.g. aerosols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/30—Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • the liquefied propellant is disposed either above or below the aqueous phase to be sprayed according to its specific Weight, the phases not being emulsified, but separated from each other and forming an interface between them, and the gas phase of the propellant is disposed in each case above the two liquid phases.
  • formation of a water-in-oil emulsion has been recommended. For the purposes of the instant invention, this should be avoided.
  • a further decisive disadvantage of the use of water-miscible organic liquids, such as the aforesaid alcohols, in the aqueous phase to be sprayed, of a three phase aerosol consists in that these adjuvants have a flocculating action on aqueous colloidal disperse systems.
  • aqueous starch solution which is a principal textile finishing agent is coagulated due to the addition of ethanol, and the known device of the addition of water-soluble organic solvents for the improvement of the sprayability of such a system completely fails in this instance.
  • the improved novel system according to the invention contains, in a conventional pressure vessel having a spray valve, a sprayable mixture which consists essentially of an aqueous phase to be sprayed, a liquefied organic propellant phase and the gas phase of the propellant, and the inventive improvement consists more particularly in that said sprayable mixture, contained in the vessel in which said aqueous phase and said liquid propellant are separated from each other forming a common interface between them, i.e.
  • a lipophilic interface active agent having an HLB-value according to Griflin of maximally 6 and defined more in detail below, whereby the major portion of said lipophilic interface-active agent is present in said liquefied propellant phase and a minor portion in said aqueous phase, foam causing emulsions are avoided and foam formation is suppressed.
  • This agent is preferably a single lipophilic organic compound but may also be a mixture of different substances.
  • each interface active dipolar substance is correlated with a numerical value in an arbitrarily selected scale which runs from these numerical values, the so-called HLB values, represent a measure for the degree of the lipophilic or hydrophilic nature of the respective substances; lipophilic substances have a low HLB number, whereas substances having an increasingly hydrophilic character always have higher HLB values.
  • the boundary value between lipophilic and hydrophilic is approximately at the HLB number 3 10.
  • substances having an HLB value of 1 to 6 are concentrated in the liquid organic propellant phase on account of their pronounced lipophilic character, whereas they are contained in the aqueous phase to be sprayed in a very small concentration; this distribution is advantageous when sensitive disperse systems are present in the aqueous phase to be sprayed.
  • HLB value of interfaceactive substances may be made on the basis of the behaviour towards Water.
  • Substances having an HLB value of up to 6 are those water-soluble surface-active compounds which cannot or can only be sparingly dispersed when shaken with water and do not give a milky dispersion even after vigorous shaking.
  • This method of determining HLB values of surface-active substances of the most varied classes of compounds is known from the literature already cited and in particular from Parf'timerie und Kosmetik, volume 41, (1960), page 86.
  • Interface-active substances having an HLB value of up to 6, which are particularly suitable for use in the mixture according to the invention as spray improving interface-active agents, are monoand diethers of glycols with alcohols, preferably alkanols of 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and especially the mono-alkyl and di-alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol and diethyleneglycol having a total of at least 6 and preferably not more than 12 carbon atoms, for example, ethyleneglycol mono-n-hexyl ether, diethyleneglycol mono-n-hexyl ether, ethyleneglycol di-n-butyl ether,
  • the mixture in the system according to the invention contains as active substance, dissolved or dispersed in the aqueous phase to be sprayed, finishing agents for textiles, because on the one hand the lipophilic interfaceactive substances having an HLB value of 6 at the miximum considerably facilitate the hot pressing of the textiles treated with the finishing agent and on the other hand the said spray improvement agents do not exert an adverse effect on the colloidal disperse system of the finishing agent, and do not cause disturbing foam formation or an excessively narrow spray angle and irregular spray density on the sprayed-on area of the textile substrate.
  • the mixture for finishing textiles may be composed, for example, as follows and may contain the following groups of substances:
  • Finishing agents which are dissolved or dispersed in water and which, calculated on the total weight of the mixture to be sprayed amount to 0.520% by weight, may belong to the following classes:
  • Propellants unhalogenated or halogenated gaseous hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof, which may be liquified under pressure and which have a pressure of at least 0.5 atm. gauge at C. and cannot be mixed with water, for example propane, butane, dichlorodifiuoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, Propane/butane mixtures, especially of a weight ratio in the range of 10:90 to 40:50 give particularly satisfactory results.
  • the required quantity of propellant is based on the physical behaviour of the propellant, the composition of the aqueous phase to be sprayed of the mixture according to the invention, the type of valve used and the volume of the pressure vessel used; the proportion of propellant in the mixture generally lies between 2 and
  • the mixture according to the invention for finishing textiles may also contain the following auxiliary substances as well as the above substances:
  • Softening agents in quantities of 0.5 to 5% of the mixture, preferably polyhydric alcohols, for example ethyleneglycol, propyleneglycol, polyethyleneglycol, polypropyleneglycol, glycerol, etc.,
  • Optical whitening agents in quantities of 0.01 to 0.5% of the mixture, for example stilbene derivatives, triazole derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, etc.,
  • Anti-microbials in quantities of 0.1 to 5% of the mixture, for example substituted benzoxazolones, substituted salicyclic acid anilides, substituted phenols, organotin-compounds, halogen isocyanuric acid derivatives, etc.,
  • Perfumes in quantities of 0.1 to 1% of the mixture, for example essential oils, synthetic perfumes, etc.
  • the softening agents prevent inter alia a blockage of the spray nozzles by reducing the adhesion and the hardness of the films of the finishing agents forming on drying.
  • the aerosol systems according to the invention therefore, preferably contain such softening agents in the abovestated amounts.
  • the presence of softening agents also assists in completely suppressing foam formation.
  • the optical whitening agents produce on white textiles an intense white effect and the anti-microbials prevent inter alia the formation of odour in textiles soaked with perspiration.
  • the perfumes finally give the product a pleasant smell which is desirable in application and in the treated textiles.
  • Parts therein represent parts by weight.
  • the HLB values of the spray improvement agents used are taken from the table on page 89 of the said publication Parf'timerie und Kosmetik.
  • the hot water soluble starch derivative is dissolved in hot water, the remaining components of the mixture, apart from the propellant, are added to the starch solution and homogenized in a suitable apparatus.
  • the mixture is treated with propane/butane (20:80) in a pressure container equipped with a precision valve having a stem orifice of 2 times 0.020" and a mechanical breakup button. This preparation may be readily sprayed; sprayed on cotton, it produces after hot pressing an excellent starch effect.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Parts Polyvinyl alcohol 1.50 Z-n-hexyloxy-ethanol, commercially 2.00 Available as hexylcellosolve ethyleneglycol 1.00 The sodium salt of 2-(stilbyl-4")-(naphtho-1',2:4,
  • the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water, the re maining components of the mixture, with the exception of the propellant, are distributed in the polyvinyl alcohol solution with the aid of a suitable apparatus.
  • the mixture is treated with iso-butane in a pressure container.
  • a readily sprayable preparation is obtained having the same properties as in Example 1, however it gives a distinctive White effect to textiles which are sprayed and then hot pressed.
  • the polyvinyl acetate-dispersion is diluted in water, the the remaining components of the mixture, with the exception of the propellant, are added to this dilution and homogenized with a suitable apparatus.
  • This mixture is mixed in a pressure container with the dichlorofiuoromethane and the dichlorotetrafluorethane.
  • the finished mixture has equally good sprayability as that mentioned in Example 1:
  • the fabric sprayed therewith and then hot pressed has a good starch effect, which fabric possesses as a result of the dichlorobenzoxazolone content excellent fungistatic and bacteristatic properties.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water, the remaining components of the mixture, with the exception of the propellant, are added and distributed with the aid of a suitable apparatus.
  • the mixture is treated in a pressure vessel with the dichlorodifluoromethane.
  • a readily sprayable three-phase aerosol is obtained. Sprayed onto cotton, the preparation gives a soil-repellent finish after hot pressing With a good white effect and also with a fungistatic and bacteristatic effect.
  • 1 part of ethyleneglycol monobutyl ether may be used in this instance as spray improving agent instead of the diether employed above.
  • the hot water soluble starch derivative is dissolved in hot water, the remaining components of the mixture, apart from the propellant, are added to the starch solution and homogenized in a suitable apparatus.
  • the mixture is treated with propane/butane (20:80) in a pressure container. This preparation may be readily sprayed; sprayed on cotton, it produces after hot pressing an excellent starch effect.
  • aqueous phase consists essentially of (a) a water-soluble or water-dispersible textile finishing agent in an amount of from about 0.5 to 20% by weight calculated on the total weight of said mixture,
  • said mixture further contains a spray improving agent selected from a monoether and a diether of a glycol and an alkanol, said ether having at least 6 and not more than 12 carbon atoms, said glycol being selected from ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol, said alkanol having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and said spray improving agent having an HLB value according to Griffin of maximally 6, in an amount of from about 0.1 to 5% by weight calculated on the total weight of said mixture, the major proportion of said spray improving agent being present in said liquefied propellant phase, and a minor proportion of said spray improving agent being present in said aqueous phase; and
  • said mixture is substantially free from monohydric alkanol of from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • said textile finishing agent is selected from water-soluble and Water-dispersible natural and modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene resin and polyacrylic resin.
  • said spray improving agent is mono-alkyl or di-alkyl ether of monoethylene glycol or di-ethylene glycol, wherein alkyl has from 4 to 6 carbon atoms.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
US661835A 1962-03-30 1967-08-21 Three-phase aerosol spraying systems Expired - Lifetime US3547854A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH386462A CH412783A (de) 1962-03-30 1962-03-30 Unter Druck stehende, versprühbare Mischung, insbesondere zum Appretieren von Textilien

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3547854A true US3547854A (en) 1970-12-15

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US661835A Expired - Lifetime US3547854A (en) 1962-03-30 1967-08-21 Three-phase aerosol spraying systems

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3547854A (d)
AT (1) AT241413B (d)
BE (1) BE630333A (d)
CH (1) CH412783A (d)
DE (1) DE1249212B (d)
DK (1) DK105807C (d)
GB (1) GB970354A (d)
NL (1) NL290897A (d)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936339A (en) * 1973-05-29 1976-02-03 International Paper Company In-line process for the production of corrugated board
US3938708A (en) * 1974-08-15 1976-02-17 Norman D. Burger Aerosol dispensing system
US4141748A (en) * 1976-08-02 1979-02-27 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Aerosol starch composition
USRE30093E (en) * 1975-01-27 1979-09-11 Aerosol dispensing system
US4224205A (en) * 1977-08-15 1980-09-23 Kao Soap Company Polyvinyl alcohol optical brightening composition
US4384661A (en) * 1982-04-07 1983-05-24 Page Edward H Aerosol water-based paint compositions
US5215582A (en) * 1990-08-09 1993-06-01 United Coatings, Inc. Water-base aerosol coating composition
US7157018B2 (en) 2003-07-08 2007-01-02 Scheidler Karl J Compositions for improving the light-fade resistance and soil repellancy of textiles and leathers
US7824566B2 (en) 2003-07-08 2010-11-02 Scheidler Karl J Methods and compositions for improving light-fade resistance and soil repellency of textiles and leathers
US8865635B1 (en) 2013-04-09 2014-10-21 S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Aqueous-based cleaning composition with a water-insoluble, fatty alcohol-based builder

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA72434B (en) * 1971-01-25 1973-09-26 Colgate Palmolive Co Fabric conditioning
US4022938A (en) * 1974-04-16 1977-05-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Fabric treatment compositions
DE29819061U1 (de) 1998-10-26 1999-05-12 Wagner, Heidemarie, 76327 Pfinztal Mittel zur Nachparfümierung maschinengetrockneter Wäsche

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2524590A (en) * 1946-04-22 1950-10-03 Carsten F Boe Emulsion containing a liquefied propellant gas under pressure and method of spraying same
US2995278A (en) * 1959-05-22 1961-08-08 Western Filling Corp Packaged self-propelling liquid compositions
US3066037A (en) * 1962-07-02 1962-11-27 Anheuser Busch Starch product and method of making same
US3131154A (en) * 1961-10-25 1964-04-28 Allied Chem Foam producing compositions
US3159535A (en) * 1962-01-31 1964-12-01 Johnson & Son Inc S C Aerosol compositions
US3211563A (en) * 1962-01-24 1965-10-12 Gen Aerosols Inc Starch composition and aerosol formed therefrom
US3402056A (en) * 1967-10-18 1968-09-17 Dow Chemical Co Methyl cellulose as starch substitute
US3419658A (en) * 1965-01-25 1968-12-31 Du Pont Nonaqueous aerosol foams containing mineral oil

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2524590A (en) * 1946-04-22 1950-10-03 Carsten F Boe Emulsion containing a liquefied propellant gas under pressure and method of spraying same
US2995278A (en) * 1959-05-22 1961-08-08 Western Filling Corp Packaged self-propelling liquid compositions
US3131154A (en) * 1961-10-25 1964-04-28 Allied Chem Foam producing compositions
US3211563A (en) * 1962-01-24 1965-10-12 Gen Aerosols Inc Starch composition and aerosol formed therefrom
US3159535A (en) * 1962-01-31 1964-12-01 Johnson & Son Inc S C Aerosol compositions
US3066037A (en) * 1962-07-02 1962-11-27 Anheuser Busch Starch product and method of making same
US3419658A (en) * 1965-01-25 1968-12-31 Du Pont Nonaqueous aerosol foams containing mineral oil
US3402056A (en) * 1967-10-18 1968-09-17 Dow Chemical Co Methyl cellulose as starch substitute

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936339A (en) * 1973-05-29 1976-02-03 International Paper Company In-line process for the production of corrugated board
US3938708A (en) * 1974-08-15 1976-02-17 Norman D. Burger Aerosol dispensing system
USRE30093E (en) * 1975-01-27 1979-09-11 Aerosol dispensing system
US4141748A (en) * 1976-08-02 1979-02-27 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Aerosol starch composition
US4224205A (en) * 1977-08-15 1980-09-23 Kao Soap Company Polyvinyl alcohol optical brightening composition
US4384661A (en) * 1982-04-07 1983-05-24 Page Edward H Aerosol water-based paint compositions
US5215582A (en) * 1990-08-09 1993-06-01 United Coatings, Inc. Water-base aerosol coating composition
US7157018B2 (en) 2003-07-08 2007-01-02 Scheidler Karl J Compositions for improving the light-fade resistance and soil repellancy of textiles and leathers
US7824566B2 (en) 2003-07-08 2010-11-02 Scheidler Karl J Methods and compositions for improving light-fade resistance and soil repellency of textiles and leathers
US8865635B1 (en) 2013-04-09 2014-10-21 S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Aqueous-based cleaning composition with a water-insoluble, fatty alcohol-based builder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1249212B (de) 1967-09-07
NL290897A (d)
BE630333A (d)
GB970354A (en) 1964-09-23
CH412783A (de) 1966-05-15
AT241413B (de) 1965-07-26
DK105807C (da) 1966-11-14

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