US3543100A - Textile machine control system - Google Patents

Textile machine control system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3543100A
US3543100A US747263A US3543100DA US3543100A US 3543100 A US3543100 A US 3543100A US 747263 A US747263 A US 747263A US 3543100D A US3543100D A US 3543100DA US 3543100 A US3543100 A US 3543100A
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United States
Prior art keywords
capacitor
voltage
yarn
amplifier
textile machine
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Expired - Lifetime
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US747263A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Gith
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/04—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/08—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements with semiconductor devices only controlled by light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H63/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
    • B65H63/02—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material
    • B65H63/024—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials
    • B65H63/028—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials characterised by the detecting or sensing element
    • B65H63/032—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials characterised by the detecting or sensing element electrical or pneumatic
    • B65H63/0321—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials characterised by the detecting or sensing element electrical or pneumatic using electronic actuators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a textile machine control system. More particularly, the invention relates to a textile machine control system which includes a switching amplifier for electronic yarn or thread regulation and wherein the alternating voltages produced by the travelling yarn are rectified and then charge a storage capacitor which controls a stop control member of the textile machine.
  • the storage capacitor for the control of the stop control member of the textile machine functions to store a pulsating direct voltage, after rectification of the alternating voltage, so that the stop control member is not actuated, under any circumstances, for as long as the yarn travels.
  • the capacitance of the storage capacitor and the magnitude of the discharge resistance must be so dimensioned, therefore, that the capacitor charge cannot fall below the predetermined stop control minimum, even during decrease in voltage.
  • the storage capacitor should discharge as soon as possible in order to stop the drive of the textile machine. Since the time constant of the capacitor and of the discharge resistance should be as small as possible, it is obvious that the two aforementioned requirements are in conflict.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved textile machine control system.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a textile machine control system for electronic yarn regulation which provides extremely short stopping intervals when the yarn travel is interrupted, despite the aforementioned conflicting requirements.
  • the solution to the problem lies in connecting in series with the storage capacitor, a full-wave rectifier, as well as a circuit, for raising the amplitudes of the high frequencies and lowering the amplitudes of the low frequencies. Furthermore, at least the last amplifying stage is so dimensioned that small voltage amplitudes may lead to overloading.
  • the present invention is based upon my recognition that the disadvantages of the known systems may be avoided by utilizing higher frequencies, if higher frequencies are utilized.
  • other alternating voltages occur due to oscillations of the yarn and oscillations resulting from the surface quality or roughness of the yarn, as well as resonance oscillations of the electromechanical devices released by the aforementioned oscillations. Due to the yarn travel, the various oscillations produce a frequency spectrum for the alternating voltages, which in part has very high frequencies.
  • both half-waves of the alternating voltage produced by the travelling yarn are utilized for charging the capacitor, so that the capacitance of the capacitor may be considerably reduced thereby reducing the time constant of the RC storage member.
  • the combination of the foregoing three features leads to the surprising result of a very considerably shortened stopping interval.
  • the stopping interval is shortened by as much as 96%.
  • the shortest stopping interval of the known systems is approximately 50 milliseconds, whereas the stopping interval of the system of the present inlvention is 2 milliseconds or less.
  • Bandpass filters may be utilized to raise the amplitudes of the high frequencies and to lower the amplitudes of the low frequencies.
  • a particularly simple construction of the textile machine control system or switching amplifier of the present invention is provided if, in accordance with the invention, two output potentials of an amplifying stage whose respective polarities are in phase opposition with a predetermined reference potential, are connected to the series connection of a reactive impedance and an active impedance. The electrical center of the series connection is connected to the input of an amplifier stage in a manner whereby a positive feedback is provided for the high frequencies and a negative feedback is provided for the low frequencies.
  • a textile machine control system comprises a stop control member.
  • a transducer produces alternating voltages in response to changes of yarn travel conditions in the machine.
  • a frequency-responsive circuit connected to said transducer raises the amplitudes of high frequencies and lowers the amplitudes of low frequencies.
  • a rectifier circuit connects a capacitor to the frequency-responsive circuit for changing the charge of the capacitor in response to changes in frequency-responsive amplitude.
  • An amplifier connects the capacitor to the stop control m mber whereby the system is controlled for rapid stopping performance in response to small voltage changes of the transducer.
  • the textile machine control system comprises switching amplifier network having several cascade-connected stages of which at least one constitutes the aforementioned amplifier.
  • the rectifier circuit is a full-wave rectifier network and is connected between the one stage and a preceding stage of the amplifier network.
  • One of the amplifier stages has two output points whose respective output potentials have a phase opposed to that of a given reference potential.
  • the frequency-responsive circuit comprises a series connection of a reactive impedance and an active impedance extending between the two points and having an electrical midpoint connected to the input of a preceding stage of the cascade network so as to form a positive feedback for high frequencies and a negative feedback for low frequencies.
  • the amplifier network comprises a transistor amplifier in each of said cascade stages.
  • One stage is the output stage of the network, the two output points being connected 'with the emitter and the collector respectively of the transistor in the next-preceding stage of the network.
  • the full-wave rectifier and capacitor are connected in series between the two output points.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the textile machine control system of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 are vector diagrams explaining the operation of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a graphical presentation of the voltage to aid in illustrating the operation of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • an optical transducer 1 operates without contacts to produce alternating voltages in accordance with travelling yarn Y.
  • the photoelectric or optical transducer 1 comprises a very narrow photosensitive component or element F with a slitted or slotted diaphragm B positioned adjacent the photosensitive component on side of a light source L in a manner whereby even the individual fibers, extending or standing away from the yarn produce voltage fluctuations or variations in the circuit of the photosensitive element F.
  • the light source L produces a light beam R which is directed to the yarn Y and thence through the diaphragm B to the photosensitive element F.
  • high alternating voltage frequencies may be produced as a result of positioning yarn guide members or rollers G1 and G2 of the 'winding machine closely adjacent the optical transducer 1 at the surface of the diaphragm B facing the light source L.
  • very rapid yarn oscillations occur in the vicinity of the transducer 1.
  • a capacitor 2 is connected in parallel with the photoelectric transducer 1 and is so dimensioned that it-shortcircuits high-frequency interference voltages, thereby blocking them from the stopping amplifier.
  • a capacitor 3 is connected in series with the photoelectric transducer 1 and functions to permit only the alternating voltages of said photoelectric transducer to be delivered to the amplifier.
  • the alternating voltage amplifier has three stages.
  • a first transistor 7 is directl connected to the capacitor 3.
  • a second transistor 8 is directly connected to the first transistor 7.
  • a third transistor 9 is directly connected to the second transistor 8.
  • a potentiometer 6, a capacitor 4 and a resistor 5 provide the amplifier with automatic working point regulations.
  • the input resistance of the transistor 7 is so increased by an emitter resistor 20, that the photosensitive element works almost at no-load voltage. This makes the input alternating voltage largely independent, in a known manner of the illumination provided by the light source L.
  • the alternating voltages of the photoelectric transducer 1 are amplified in the alternating voltage amplifier by the transistors 7, 8 and 9.
  • the amplified alternating voltages are utilized to charge a capacitor 22, which controls the stop control member of the textile machine, via a direct voltage amplifier comprising a fourth transistor 24.
  • a direct voltage amplifier comprising a fourth transistor 24.
  • several direct voltage terminal amplifiers may be connected with the circuit output terminal 27 via a common diode network 26.
  • the stop control member of the textile machine may be connected between the circuit output terminal 27 and the negative pole 32 of a source of voltage supply.
  • a power amplifier 41 of known type may be connected between the output terminal 27 and the negative pole 32 of the source of voltage supply and a stop control magnet 42 may be connected to the output of said power amplifier.
  • a full-wave rectifier 21 charges the storage capacitor 22, so that said capacitor is charged with both half-waves of the amplified alternating voltage.
  • the full-wave rectifier 21 is connected to the last stage of the alternating voltage amplifier. That is, the full-wave rectifier 21 is connected to two output potentials whose polarity is in phase oppositron relative to a predetermined reference potential. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, these output potentials are provided at the points 10 and 11, since the transistor stage 9 is a known phase inverter stage. The voltage drops at the resistors 91 and 92 are in phase opposition, as hereinafter described.
  • the transistor 9 When the transistor 9 is in its non-conductive condition, the full positive potential of the supply or operating voltage applied to the points 31 and 32 appears at the point 10 and the full negative potential appears at the point 11. If the resistors 91 and 92 in the collector and emitter circuit of the transistor 9 are equal in resistance value, a gradual switching of the transistor 9 to its conductive condition will cause the potential of the point 10 to drop in the direction of the negative potential of the point 32, while the potential of the point 11 will rise in the direction of the positive potential of the point 31, until both said points will have the same voltage when the transistor 9 is in its fully conductive condition. At a gradual switching of the transistor 9 to its non-conductive condition, the potentials of both points 10 and 11 vary in the exact opposite sense and thereby return to their original values.
  • the output potentials at the points 10 and 11 of the amplifier stage 9 are thus in phase opposition, with regard to their polarity, relative to a predetermined reference potential.
  • the reference potential may be selected by a selection of the resistance values of the resistors 91 and 92.
  • the working point of the transistor stage 9 is adjusted, during its inactive period, via the potentiometer 6 at half-control, as in all alternating voltage amplifiers.
  • the alternating voltage of the output potentials at the points 10 and 11 is then supplied to the full-wave rectifier 21, via capacitors 18 and 19, which separate the proportion of direct current.
  • the connection of the fullwave rectifier 21 to the storage capacitor 22 provides the advantage that said storage capacitor is charged with both half-waves of the alternating voltage, so that said storage capacitor, the coupling capacitors 18 and 1'9, the collector resistor 91 and the emitter resistor 92 of transistor 9, as well as the base protecting and discharge resistor 23 of the direct voltage amplifier transistor 24 may be reduced. Since these RC members determine the charge and discharge periods of the capacitor 22, this feature alone results in a considerable reduction of the stopping interval.
  • the amplitude of high frequencies is raised and the amplitude of low frequencies is lowered.
  • the two aforementioned output potentials whose polarity is in phase opposition relative to a predetermined reference potential, at the points 10 and 11 of the amplifying stage 9, are connected to the series connection of a reactive impedance 14 and an active or resistive impedance 15.
  • the electrical center 13 of said series connection 14 is thereby connected to the input 12 of the amplifying stage 8, via a capacitor 16 and a potentiometer 17, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the positive feedback of the high frequencies and the negative feedback of the low frequencies is provided in the following manner.
  • the active impedance 15 comprises a purely ohmic resistance and the reactive impedance 14 comprises a capacitive reactance.
  • the magnitude of the reactive impedance 14 and of the active impedance 15 are so selected or determined that for the average transmitting frequency of the amplifier, the magnitude of the reactive and active impedances is equal, that is
  • the magnitude of the positive and the negative feedback may be adjusted via the potentiometer 17. Care must be taken, however, that in connection with the positive feedback, and thereby also during the raising of the desired higher frequencies, a safe distance must be maintained from the self-excitation limit of the amplifier. Since the aforedescribed phase control connection 14, 15 does not depend upon the input amplitude of the amplifier, the magnitude of the positive and the negative feedback may be firmly established at the same time.
  • phase control connection 14, 15 may also be varied. It is thus possible, for example, to substitute an inductive reactance or other suitable phase changing component for the reactive impedance 14. It would then be necessary merely to determine a correct phase position for the positive and negative feedback.
  • the electrical center 13 between the impedances 14 and 15 may be connected to the amplifier stage 7 or the amplifier stage 9, in which case, also, the correct phase position must be determined by an appropriate selection of the transistors, such as by the selection of PNP transistors instead of NPN transistors. It is also possible to connect the point 13 to the input of a subsequent amplifier stage, in order to produce in this manner the positive and negative feedback.
  • the resistors 43 and 44 lead off the unused half-waves in order to prevent an undesirable shift in potential.
  • the collector resistor 91 of FIG. 1 is replaced by a primary winding 45 of a transformer 46.
  • the transformer 46 has a secondary winding 47 having a center tap which is connected, for example, to the negative potential terminal 32.
  • the series connection of the capacitor 14 and the resistor 15 is connected between the end terminals of the secondary winding 47 of the transformer 46.
  • the emitter resistor 92 is shunted by a capacitor 48.
  • the series connection of the reactive impedance 14 and of the active impedance 15 is connected to two potentials whose respective polarity is in phase opposition relative to a predetermined reference potential, that is, the potential of the point 32.
  • the aforedescribed phase control connection 14, 15 considerably reduces the amplitudes of low frequencies produced by the photoelectric transducer 1 and considerably increases the amplitudes of high frequencies produced by said transducer.
  • the voltages which charge the capacitor 22 are essentially comprised of high frequencies.
  • the RC members which determine the stopping constant of the machine may cause further reduction in the stopping interval.
  • the third feature of the present invention for reducing the time constant is the dimensioning of at least the last amplifying stage 24 in a manner whereby even small voltage amplitudes lead to overloading.
  • the transistor 9 is also considerably overloaded, in addition to the transistor 24, so that its amplitudes are considerably limited.
  • the unlimited half-waves of the control voltage of the transistor 24 are indicated as curves 33 and 34, which are equal to the voltage 38 of the capacitor 22, since the resistor 23 (FIG. 1) has a negligibly small resistance value.
  • the area 30 between the curves 33 and 34 should be filled in, at an unlimited amplitude, by an appropriately great capacitor charge.
  • the curves 35 and 36 represent the amplitudes which are limited by the overload. Only the area 39 has to be balanced here.
  • the graphical presentations of FIG. illustrate very clearly that when the amplitude is limited by 20% the stopping interval or period and thereby the magnitude of the RC members may be reduced by one seventh.
  • This amplitude limitation, due to overloading of the amplifier may be provided by appropriately great amplification, as well as by an appropriate selection of the operating or supply voltage between the points or terminals 31 and 32 and by suitable resistance values of the resistor 23, 25, 91 and 92.
  • a textile machine control system comprising a stop control member, transducer means for producing alternating voltages in response to changes of yarn travel conditions in the machine, frequency-responsive circuit means connected to said transducer means for raising the amplitudes of high frequencies and lowering the amplitudes of low frequencies, a capacitor, rectifier means connecting said capacitor to said circuit means for changing the charge of said capacitor in response to changes in frequency-responsive amplitude, and amplifier means connecting said capacitor to said stop control member, whereby said system is' controlled for rapid stopping performance in response to small voltage changes of said transducer.
  • a textile machine control system comprising a switching amplifier network having several cascade-connected stages of which at least one constitutes said amplifier means, said rectifier means being a full-wave rectifier network and connected between said one stage and a preceding stage of said amplifier network.
  • a textile machine control system one of said amplifier stages having two output points whose respective output potentials have a phase opposed to that of a given reference potential, and said frequencyresponsive circuit means comprising a series connection of a reactive impedance and an active impedance extending between said two points and having an electrical midpoint connected to the input of a preceding stage of said cascade network so as to form a positive feedback for high frequencies and a negative feedback for low frequencies.
  • said amplifier network comprising a transistor ampli fying in each of said cascade stages, said one stage forming the output stage of said network, said two output points being connected with the emitter and the collector respectively of the transistor in the next preceding stage of said network, said full-wave rectifier and capacitor means being series connected between said two output points.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Filamentary Materials, Packages, And Safety Devices Therefor (AREA)
US747263A 1967-07-27 1968-07-24 Textile machine control system Expired - Lifetime US3543100A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER0046603 1967-07-27

Publications (1)

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US3543100A true US3543100A (en) 1970-11-24

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US747263A Expired - Lifetime US3543100A (en) 1967-07-27 1968-07-24 Textile machine control system

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US (1) US3543100A (de)
BE (1) BE718695A (de)
CH (1) CH487275A (de)
DE (1) DE1710982B2 (de)
ES (1) ES356440A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1580508A (de)
GB (1) GB1234095A (de)
NL (1) NL6810635A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3753073A (en) * 1972-01-20 1973-08-14 W Rawlins Signal interpreting circuit
CN109423723A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-05 际华三五四二纺织有限公司 粗纱机智能防冒纱装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD206659A3 (de) * 1981-07-16 1984-02-01 Textima Veb K Vorrichtung zur fadenueberwachung in einer textilmaschine
SE514235C2 (sv) * 1999-05-27 2001-01-29 Eltex Sweden Ab Bromsanordning för tråd i varpmaskin

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043991A (en) * 1962-07-10 figure
US3104346A (en) * 1959-03-14 1963-09-17 Whitworth Gloster Aircraft Ltd Pattern controlled programming mechanism
US3470424A (en) * 1965-06-17 1969-09-30 Seita Device for the automatic stopping of a machine such as a cigarette-making machine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043991A (en) * 1962-07-10 figure
US3104346A (en) * 1959-03-14 1963-09-17 Whitworth Gloster Aircraft Ltd Pattern controlled programming mechanism
US3470424A (en) * 1965-06-17 1969-09-30 Seita Device for the automatic stopping of a machine such as a cigarette-making machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3753073A (en) * 1972-01-20 1973-08-14 W Rawlins Signal interpreting circuit
CN109423723A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-05 际华三五四二纺织有限公司 粗纱机智能防冒纱装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1710982A1 (de) 1971-12-30
BE718695A (de) 1968-12-31
CH487275A (de) 1970-03-15
FR1580508A (de) 1969-09-05
ES356440A1 (es) 1970-01-16
GB1234095A (de) 1971-06-03
NL6810635A (de) 1969-01-29
DE1710982B2 (de) 1975-09-18

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