US3542632A - Fibrillated fabrics and a process for the preparation thereof - Google Patents

Fibrillated fabrics and a process for the preparation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3542632A
US3542632A US3542632DA US3542632A US 3542632 A US3542632 A US 3542632A US 3542632D A US3542632D A US 3542632DA US 3542632 A US3542632 A US 3542632A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
fabrics
yarns
woven
ribbon
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Henry Louis Eickhoff
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Standard Oil Co
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Standard Oil Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C29/00—Finishing or dressing, of textile fabrics, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
    • D10B2503/04—Floor or wall coverings; Carpets
    • D10B2503/041—Carpet backings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/10—Packaging, e.g. bags
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/47—Processes of splitting film, webs or sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to textile fabrics made from synthetic materials. More specifically it relates t0 fabrics woven from polyolefin ribbon yarns which have been given improved hand and properties by subjecting them to a fibrillation treatment subsequent to Weaving.
  • Fabrics woven of polyolefin ribbon yarn have achieved commercial success in recent years in such areas as carpet backing, industrial bagging and upholstery fabrics.
  • the yarns from which these fabrics are woven have a generally fiat cross-sectional shape and are usually manufactured by extruding a polyolefin resin into a film of suitable thickness and then slitting the film into yarn ribbons of appropriate width.
  • Ribbon yarn can be longitudinally oriented to possess a high tensile strength, is easy to fabricate into a Woven material, and is very economical, allowing the production of a fabric having the maximum area and strength for the amount of raw material employed.
  • woven fabrics of polyolefin ribbon yarns exhibit the advantageous physical properties of polyolefin fabrics generally, including high strength to weight ratio, resistance to most solvents and many chemicals, flexibility, dimensional stability, and complete resistance to deterioration from moisture and mildew.
  • the smooth surface of polyolefn yarns also creates problems in use of fabrics woven from them as backing materials for tufted pile carpets and rugs.
  • Most carpets today are made by a tufting process in which loops of pile yarns are tufted through a Woven primary backing material and then adhesively bonded to the backing by applying a layer of latex to the underside of the carpet. In higher quality carpets a secondary backing is applied over the latex to give the carpet better hand and dimensional stability. Because of the slippery, impervious surface of the polyolefin yarns, commercially available latexes do not form strong bonds with ribbon yarn backing fabrics.
  • my invention comprises subjecting a fabric Woven of polyolefin ribbon yarns to a fibrillating means to produce a fabric having improved physical characteristics.
  • the fibrillation may be accomplished by the mpingement of grit particles, for example, Sandblasting, or by mechanical abrading such as contact with an abrasive wheel, or by passing the woven fabric through a zone of barbed needles such as a reciprocating needle machine.
  • the fibrillation may be performed as an individual operation or it may be part of a continuous operation in which polyolefin film is extruded from the resin, the film quenched and slit into ribbons, the ribbons oriented to attain high tensile strength and then woven into a fabric and the fabric heat treated to achieve dimensional stability and then fibrillated to result in better hand, adhesive qualities, quietness, and so forth.
  • the fibrillation step in such as continuous process can precede the heat treating step, resulting in a fabric With locking between the warp and filling yarns.
  • My invention also contemplates tufted pile fabrics which employ the fibrillated, Woven synthetic fabrics as primary and secondary backing. These and other aspects of my invention will be more fully set out below.
  • FIG, l is a plan view of a closely woven fabric in accordance with my invention which has been fibrillated subsequent t0 the weaving operation and then heat treated to cause locking between warp and filling yarns.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a loosely woven fabric according'to'myinvention'which has been" severely fibrillated subsequent to the weaving operation.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tufted pile fabric in accordance with my invention which employs as primary and secondary backing fibrillated fabrics of this invention.
  • FIGS. 4a, 4b, and 4c illustrate suitable needle designs for use in the fibrillating process of this invention.
  • Fabrics woven of polyolefin ribbon yarn are subjected according to my invention, to a fibrillating means to produce a ribbon yarn fabric more similar to fabrics woven of natural fibers than those heretofore known to the art.
  • the fibrillating means may be operated as a discontinuous operation performed in a batch manner on pre-woven fabrics from any source, or it may be part of a continuous operation for the production of finished fabrics from polyolefin resins. In a continuous operation the fibrillation step is performed subsequent to the weaving operation, but its precise placement in the process fiow depends on the particular type of fabric being manufactured.
  • a fabric with maximum fibrillated effect is prepared by locating the fibrillating means at the end of the process flow.
  • a fabric with minimized fibrillated effect, but ⁇ with excellent locking between the warp and filling yarns is prepared by fibrillating the prewoven fabric prior to heat treating for dimensional stabilization.
  • the fibrillating means may comprise any of three basic types: grit impingement, mechanical abrading or barbed needling. Since the ribbon yarns are nearly always oriented in the direction of their length, they are easily fractured in this direction into a plurality of fibers having fibrils broken out from their edges. The resulting fabric has a fuzzy look and feel much like that of a natural fiber fabric.
  • Grit impingement means of fibrillating contemplated by my invention include compressed air Sandblasting or pellet blasting, or suitable mechanical means of propelling a grit against the surface of the woven fabric.
  • Methods of fibrillating by mechanical abrading include contacting the surface of the woven fabric with a rotary wire wheel, grindstone, or other abrasive source.
  • the preferred means of performing the fibrillation is a needling operation in which barbed needles of suitable design are caused to pierce the yarns of the woven fabric so that fibrils break out on the yarn surfaces.
  • a preferred embodiment of the needling operation is a reciprocating needle zone such as the needling machine manufactured by the James Hunter Machine Company, North Adams, Mass., although other modes of needling such as a revolving needle roll are within the scope of my invention.
  • the degree of fibrillation desired will determine the exact design of the needles for use in the needling operation. In general these needles should be of sufficient size and barb design to fracture the yarns in the direction of their orientation, but not so large or severely barbed that their use will result in a tearing of the fabric or a transverse breaking of the yarns. Examples or representative needles suitable for use with my process are shown in FIGS. 4a, 4b, and 4c.
  • Fabrics produced according to my invention can vary from lightly fibrillated fabrics which retain Amuch of their gloss and natural feel to severely fibrillated fabrics ywhich have essentially lost the characteristic gloss and feel of the polyolefin ribbon yarns.
  • the final product may have a fuzzy appearance and feel or it may regain a certain glossiness by a coating or heat treatment subsequent to the fibrillation.
  • the character of the pre-fibrillated woven fabric will, of course, be very much determinative of the final product.
  • a loosely woven fabric Cit having interstices between the warp and filling yarns can be fibrillated until it has a hand similar to woven jute.
  • Material of this type is advantageous for use as a secondary backing in tufted pile carpets where a relatively fibrous surface is required to adhere the second back securely to the latexes commonly employed.
  • a superior material for use as primary carpet backing is produced. In such a process the heat treatment tends to melt back the intertwined yarn fibrils broken out during the fibrillation and a fabric having locked warp and filling yarns is produced.
  • Pile fabrics The advantages of woven polyolefin ribbon yarn fabrics in pile fabrics as primary backings are well recognized and have been disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pats. 3,110,905 and 3,359,934. Although advantages such as economy, dimensional stability and resistance to deterioration which have made such materials successful as primary backings would suggest their use also as secondary backings, it has not until now been possible to produce a Satisfactory ribbon yarn second backing because of adhesion difficulties between the fabric and the latex. Less serious adhesion difficulties are experienced in the use of ribbon yarn fabrics as primary backings but carpets including these backings tend to ravel at newly cut edges when the carpet is trimmed during installation.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in cross-section a tufted pile carpet having a primary backing PB through which pile yarns 32 are tufted, a layer of latex 31 adhering the pile yarn to the primary backing, and a secondary backing SB which is applied on top of the latex and forms the actual bottom layer of the carpet. It can be seen in FIG. 3 that pile yarn protrudes through the underside of the primary backing presenting surfaces to which the latex can adhere.
  • the secondary backing however has no such aid in adhesion and depends entirely on its own affinity for the latex to create the bond.
  • FIG. 2 a fabric according to my invention is shown which is loosely woven of warp yarns 21 and filling yarns 22 so that there are interstices between the yarns and which has been severely fibrillated subsequent to dimensional stabilization giving the fabric a hand and appearance similar to burlap.
  • This fabric used as secondary backing SB in the pile fabric of FIG. 3, gives an average bond strength of 10 lbs. in the peel test with values ranging between 9 and l5 lbs.
  • This secondary backing is suitable for use in carpets having either synthetic or natural fiber primary backing and will, even with the use of natural liber primary backing, provide improved dimensional stability and resistance to deterioration since the actual base layer of the carpet will possess the advantages of a polyolelin fabric.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a fabric according to my invention which serves as a superior primary backing for tufted fabrics.
  • Warp yarns 11 and filling yarns 12 are closely woven so that the material is substantially non-foraminous, the fabric is lightly brillated, and the fibrillated fabric is then subjected to heat treatment for dimensional stabilization.
  • the fibrils which were formed during fibrillation on the warp and filling yarns and which are substantially intertwined due to the proximity of the yarns melt back to the surface of the yarns effectively locking the weave of the fabric.
  • There is a substantial locking effect simply by the fibrillation because of the intertwining of the yarn fibrils, but an especially well-locked fabric is produced by the subsequent heat treatment.
  • the chief advantage of these materials as a primary backin-g is that a cut can be made anywhere in the backing without exposing a loose edge. This is a considerable advantage since trimming of the carpet during installation often creates loose edges Where the warp and filling yarns are not sealed together but rather are free to move relative to one another. This condition allows the carpet to ravel at the loose edges destroying the finished look of the carpet and sometimes rendering it unacceptable.
  • a method for manufacturing a fabric woven of oriented polyolefin ribbon yarns which has a hand and appearance similar to that of a fabric woven of natural fiber, comprising subjecting a pre-Woven ribbon yarn fabric to a fbrillating means selected from the group consisting of grit blasting, mechanical abrading and barbed needling so that brils break-out on the surface of the ribbon yarns.
  • a fabric woven of oriented polyolefin ribbon yarns which has a hand and appearance similar to that of a natural liber fabric, manufactured by subjecting a prewoven ribbon yarn fabric to a fibrillating means selected from the group consisting of grit blasting, mechanical abrading and barbed needling so that fibrils breakout on the surface of the ribbon yarns.
  • a tufted pile fabric which includes as a secondary backing the fabric of claim 5.
  • a tufted pile fabric which includes as a primary backing the fabric of claim 6.
  • the tufted pile fabric of claim 8 which additionally includes as a secondary backing the fabric of claim 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US3542632D 1969-02-28 1969-02-28 Fibrillated fabrics and a process for the preparation thereof Expired - Lifetime US3542632A (en)

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US80320569A 1969-02-28 1969-02-28

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US (1) US3542632A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE746603A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA942627A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2008862A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES377152A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2032495A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1259549A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7002075A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751777A (en) * 1971-07-09 1973-08-14 H Turmel Process for making tufted pile carpet
US3864195A (en) * 1972-01-27 1975-02-04 Henry G Patterson Stable synthetic carpet backing material
US3922454A (en) * 1974-11-29 1975-11-25 Armstrong Cork Co Secondary backing for carpeting
US4010303A (en) * 1975-04-16 1977-03-01 Akzona Incorporated Tufted carpet with woven ribbon backing of polyamide and polyester
US4025679A (en) * 1976-08-06 1977-05-24 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene woven filter fabric
US4053668A (en) * 1974-08-05 1977-10-11 Brunswick Corporation Tufted carpenting with unitary needlebonded backing and method of manufacturing the same
US4069361A (en) * 1975-08-20 1978-01-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Woven carpet backing with fused staple fiber needled layer
US4112161A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-09-05 Burlington Industries, Inc. Tufted pile fabric and method of making and installing the same
US4145467A (en) * 1975-06-06 1979-03-20 Thiokol Corporation Woven textile
US4156957A (en) * 1976-04-22 1979-06-05 Synthetic Fabrics (Scotland) Limited Process for producing matt surfaced highly, fibrillated woven synthetic fabric
WO1981000731A1 (en) * 1979-09-10 1981-03-19 Roberts D A cloth snag repair tool
US4264670A (en) * 1979-11-21 1981-04-28 Uniroyal, Inc. Non-woven fabric made from polybutadiene
US4384018A (en) * 1982-01-25 1983-05-17 Wayn-Tex Inc. Secondary carpet backing fabric
US4406310A (en) * 1980-03-12 1983-09-27 Reader A M Secondary carpet backing fabrics
US4478900A (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-10-23 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Woven fabric containing partially fibrillated textile yarn
US4674271A (en) * 1986-06-16 1987-06-23 Basf Corporation Apparatus and process for converting a continuous multifilament yarn to a staple-like yarn
US4967456A (en) * 1987-04-23 1990-11-06 International Paper Company Apparatus and method for hydroenhancing fabric
US5081753A (en) * 1990-05-31 1992-01-21 Basf Corporation Apparatus for producing staple-like yarn from continuous filament yarn
US5136761A (en) * 1987-04-23 1992-08-11 International Paper Company Apparatus and method for hydroenhancing fabric
US5198278A (en) * 1990-07-10 1993-03-30 Duskin Co., Ltd. Service mat with differential bonding between backing and base cloth
US5273802A (en) * 1989-07-07 1993-12-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Orthopedic casting materials having superior lamination characteristics due to napped surface
US5632072A (en) * 1988-04-14 1997-05-27 International Paper Company Method for hydropatterning napped fabric
US5737813A (en) * 1988-04-14 1998-04-14 International Paper Company Method and apparatus for striped patterning of dyed fabric by hydrojet treatment
WO1998049000A1 (en) * 1997-04-29 1998-11-05 Darwin Enterprises, Inc. Dimensionally stable tufted carpet
US5902658A (en) * 1997-08-15 1999-05-11 Wyman; Oliver A. Dimensionally stable, water impervious rug underlay with double sided pressure sensitive adhesive and protective peelable liners
EP1076125A1 (en) * 1999-08-09 2001-02-14 Darwin Enterprises, Inc. Carpet backing that provides dimensional stability
US6233797B1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2001-05-22 Groz Beckert Kg Felt needle
US6280818B1 (en) 1999-03-03 2001-08-28 Wayn-Tex, Inc. Carpet backing components and methods of making and using the same
US6435220B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-08-20 Wayn-Tex, Inc Carpet backing and methods of making and using the same
US6510872B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2003-01-28 Wayn-Tex, Incorporated Carpet backing and methods of making and using the same
US20030086643A1 (en) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-08 Chen Huang-Kun Wavelength division multiplexer and wavelength dividing method
WO2002070810A3 (en) * 2001-03-06 2003-09-18 Interface Inc Moisture barrier fabric and methods of making same
US6692823B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2004-02-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Microfibrillated articles comprising hydrophillic component
US20040097150A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Boyd William O. Blister fabrics with internal connecting elements
US20040097152A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Boyd William O. Composite fabrics with internal connecting elements
US20040097148A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Tucker John Larry Blister fabrics with internal connecting elements
US6753080B1 (en) 2002-01-29 2004-06-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Receptor medium having a microfibrillated surface
US20040142142A1 (en) * 2002-11-13 2004-07-22 Gardner Hugh C. Secondary carpet backing and carpets
US7195814B2 (en) 2001-05-15 2007-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Microfiber-entangled products and related methods
US20150033490A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2015-02-05 Tietex International, Ltd. Cleaning System Incorporating Stitch Bonded Cleaning Pad With Multi-Filament Stitches
USD779833S1 (en) * 2014-11-04 2017-02-28 Polyone Designed Structures And Solutions Llc Plastic sheet with a surface pattern
USD812382S1 (en) * 2015-07-23 2018-03-13 Fujifilm Corporation Lenticular lens sheet
USD841341S1 (en) * 2015-07-23 2019-02-26 Fujifilm Corporation Lenticular lens sheet

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1336030A (en) * 1971-01-22 1973-11-07 Ici Ltd Tufted carpets
DD153502A3 (de) * 1979-06-07 1982-01-13 Werner Hensel Textile flaechengebilde mit florartiger oberflaeche
GB2155060B (en) * 1984-02-29 1987-04-01 Forster Tuchfabriken Veb Pile fabric
EP1413415A4 (en) * 2001-08-02 2007-01-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd COMPOSITE FIBER BASE MATERIAL

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229346A (en) * 1963-01-07 1966-01-18 Parks & Woolson Machine Co Apparatus for sueding sheet fabrics
US3283788A (en) * 1964-04-07 1966-11-08 Phillips Petroleum Co Production of woven thermoplastic fabrics
US3359934A (en) * 1967-05-08 1967-12-26 Patchogue Plymouth Company Tufted carpet having splittable filling yarns in the primary backing
US3397825A (en) * 1966-03-07 1968-08-20 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of fibrillating oriented film
US3439865A (en) * 1964-12-17 1969-04-22 Parker Pace Corp Woven plastic bags

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229346A (en) * 1963-01-07 1966-01-18 Parks & Woolson Machine Co Apparatus for sueding sheet fabrics
US3283788A (en) * 1964-04-07 1966-11-08 Phillips Petroleum Co Production of woven thermoplastic fabrics
US3439865A (en) * 1964-12-17 1969-04-22 Parker Pace Corp Woven plastic bags
US3397825A (en) * 1966-03-07 1968-08-20 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of fibrillating oriented film
US3359934A (en) * 1967-05-08 1967-12-26 Patchogue Plymouth Company Tufted carpet having splittable filling yarns in the primary backing

Cited By (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751777A (en) * 1971-07-09 1973-08-14 H Turmel Process for making tufted pile carpet
US3864195A (en) * 1972-01-27 1975-02-04 Henry G Patterson Stable synthetic carpet backing material
US4053668A (en) * 1974-08-05 1977-10-11 Brunswick Corporation Tufted carpenting with unitary needlebonded backing and method of manufacturing the same
US3922454A (en) * 1974-11-29 1975-11-25 Armstrong Cork Co Secondary backing for carpeting
US4010303A (en) * 1975-04-16 1977-03-01 Akzona Incorporated Tufted carpet with woven ribbon backing of polyamide and polyester
US4145467A (en) * 1975-06-06 1979-03-20 Thiokol Corporation Woven textile
US4069361A (en) * 1975-08-20 1978-01-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Woven carpet backing with fused staple fiber needled layer
US4156957A (en) * 1976-04-22 1979-06-05 Synthetic Fabrics (Scotland) Limited Process for producing matt surfaced highly, fibrillated woven synthetic fabric
US4025679A (en) * 1976-08-06 1977-05-24 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene woven filter fabric
US4112161A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-09-05 Burlington Industries, Inc. Tufted pile fabric and method of making and installing the same
WO1981000731A1 (en) * 1979-09-10 1981-03-19 Roberts D A cloth snag repair tool
US4280641A (en) * 1979-09-10 1981-07-28 David P. Roberts Cloth snag repair tool
US4264670A (en) * 1979-11-21 1981-04-28 Uniroyal, Inc. Non-woven fabric made from polybutadiene
US4406310A (en) * 1980-03-12 1983-09-27 Reader A M Secondary carpet backing fabrics
US4384018A (en) * 1982-01-25 1983-05-17 Wayn-Tex Inc. Secondary carpet backing fabric
US4478900A (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-10-23 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Woven fabric containing partially fibrillated textile yarn
US4674271A (en) * 1986-06-16 1987-06-23 Basf Corporation Apparatus and process for converting a continuous multifilament yarn to a staple-like yarn
US4967456A (en) * 1987-04-23 1990-11-06 International Paper Company Apparatus and method for hydroenhancing fabric
USRE40362E1 (en) 1987-04-23 2008-06-10 Polymer Group, Inc. Apparatus and method for hydroenhancing fabric
US5136761A (en) * 1987-04-23 1992-08-11 International Paper Company Apparatus and method for hydroenhancing fabric
US5737813A (en) * 1988-04-14 1998-04-14 International Paper Company Method and apparatus for striped patterning of dyed fabric by hydrojet treatment
US5632072A (en) * 1988-04-14 1997-05-27 International Paper Company Method for hydropatterning napped fabric
US5273802A (en) * 1989-07-07 1993-12-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Orthopedic casting materials having superior lamination characteristics due to napped surface
US5081753A (en) * 1990-05-31 1992-01-21 Basf Corporation Apparatus for producing staple-like yarn from continuous filament yarn
US5198278A (en) * 1990-07-10 1993-03-30 Duskin Co., Ltd. Service mat with differential bonding between backing and base cloth
US6475592B1 (en) 1997-04-29 2002-11-05 Darwin Enterprises, Inc. Carpet backing that provides dimensional stability
WO1998049000A1 (en) * 1997-04-29 1998-11-05 Darwin Enterprises, Inc. Dimensionally stable tufted carpet
US5962101A (en) * 1997-04-29 1999-10-05 Donald A. Irwin, Sr. Dimensionally stable tufted carpet
US6479125B1 (en) 1997-04-29 2002-11-12 Darwin Enterprises, Inc. Backing for tufted carpet that imparts dimensional stability
US5902658A (en) * 1997-08-15 1999-05-11 Wyman; Oliver A. Dimensionally stable, water impervious rug underlay with double sided pressure sensitive adhesive and protective peelable liners
US6280818B1 (en) 1999-03-03 2001-08-28 Wayn-Tex, Inc. Carpet backing components and methods of making and using the same
US6863090B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2005-03-08 Mohawk Carpet Corporation Carpet backing and methods of making and using the same
US6510872B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2003-01-28 Wayn-Tex, Incorporated Carpet backing and methods of making and using the same
US20030084955A1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2003-05-08 Wayn-Tex, Inc. Carpet backing and methods of making and using the same
US6435220B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-08-20 Wayn-Tex, Inc Carpet backing and methods of making and using the same
US6233797B1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2001-05-22 Groz Beckert Kg Felt needle
EP1076125A1 (en) * 1999-08-09 2001-02-14 Darwin Enterprises, Inc. Carpet backing that provides dimensional stability
WO2002070810A3 (en) * 2001-03-06 2003-09-18 Interface Inc Moisture barrier fabric and methods of making same
US7195814B2 (en) 2001-05-15 2007-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Microfiber-entangled products and related methods
US20030086643A1 (en) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-08 Chen Huang-Kun Wavelength division multiplexer and wavelength dividing method
US6692823B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2004-02-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Microfibrillated articles comprising hydrophillic component
US20040213928A1 (en) * 2002-01-29 2004-10-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Receptor medium having a microfibrillated surface
US6753080B1 (en) 2002-01-29 2004-06-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Receptor medium having a microfibrillated surface
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US20040142142A1 (en) * 2002-11-13 2004-07-22 Gardner Hugh C. Secondary carpet backing and carpets
US20040097152A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Boyd William O. Composite fabrics with internal connecting elements
US20040097150A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Boyd William O. Blister fabrics with internal connecting elements
US20040097148A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-05-20 Tucker John Larry Blister fabrics with internal connecting elements
US20150033490A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2015-02-05 Tietex International, Ltd. Cleaning System Incorporating Stitch Bonded Cleaning Pad With Multi-Filament Stitches
US9049974B2 (en) * 2009-04-17 2015-06-09 Tietex International Ltd. Cleaning system incorporating stitch bonded cleaning pad with multi-filament stitches
USD779833S1 (en) * 2014-11-04 2017-02-28 Polyone Designed Structures And Solutions Llc Plastic sheet with a surface pattern
USD812382S1 (en) * 2015-07-23 2018-03-13 Fujifilm Corporation Lenticular lens sheet
USD841341S1 (en) * 2015-07-23 2019-02-26 Fujifilm Corporation Lenticular lens sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1259549A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-05
DE2008862A1 (de) 1970-09-10
ES377152A1 (es) 1973-06-01
NL7002075A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-01
BE746603A (fr) 1970-07-31
FR2032495A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-27
CA942627A (en) 1974-02-26

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