US3542117A - Continuous casting machine - Google Patents

Continuous casting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3542117A
US3542117A US620779A US3542117DA US3542117A US 3542117 A US3542117 A US 3542117A US 620779 A US620779 A US 620779A US 3542117D A US3542117D A US 3542117DA US 3542117 A US3542117 A US 3542117A
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United States
Prior art keywords
speed
mold
drive
straightener
casting
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US620779A
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English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Lemper
Thomas E Rodwick
Paul M Lowy
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MESTA ENGINEERING COMPANY APARTNERSHIP OF PA
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Mesta Machine Co
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Assigned to MESTA AND MELLON BANK, N.A. reassignment MESTA AND MELLON BANK, N.A. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MESTA MACHINE COMPANY
Assigned to PENNSYLVANIA ENGINEERING CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE reassignment PENNSYLVANIA ENGINEERING CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE MORTGAGE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MESTA ENGINEERING COMPANY A PARTNERSHIP
Assigned to MESTA ENGINEERING COMPANY, APARTNERSHIP OF PA, reassignment MESTA ENGINEERING COMPANY, APARTNERSHIP OF PA, ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MESTA MACHINE COMPANY
Assigned to MESTA MACHINE COMPANY A PA CORP. reassignment MESTA MACHINE COMPANY A PA CORP. RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MELLON BANK, N.A., A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOC. AS AGENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS)
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/053—Means for oscillating the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock

Definitions

  • the plunger is supported within the cylinder by means of compressed fluid introduced therein [56] Rehnnm and under sufficient pressure to counterbalance the weight of the UNITED STATES PATENTS mold structure.
  • 164/154 fluid is coupled to the cylinder, together with an accumulator 3,344,841 10/1967 Rys; 164/154X to maintain the compressed fluid within the cylinder at a sub- 3,358,743 12/ 1967 Adams 164/273X stantially constant pressure irrespective of the position of the 1,385,595 7/1921 Van Ranst 164/83 mold structure along its reciprocatory path.
  • the mold-oscillating mechanism also includes an irreversible gear unit so-t'hat the oscillatory'load of the rather heavy mold structure cannot be translated back as negative torque to the oscillator drive.
  • the present invention relates to'machines for the continuous casting of steel or'other metallic material and more'particularly to mold oscillating mechanisms and drive control means incorporated in such machines.
  • the mold structure in accordance with our invention, is arranged as a reciprocating plunger in a suitably shaped cylinder surrounding the mold structure.
  • accumulator means are associated with the compressed fluid system to maintain substantially constant the available balancing forces at maximum plunger or mold structure displacements.
  • the fluid-operated cylinder offers a further advantage in that it cushions the abrupt changes in inertial forces caused by corresponding by abrupt changes in cam shape.
  • a further advantage is the facile adjustment of counterbalancing force through a simple adjustment of fluid pressure in the accumulator means.
  • a highly accurate speed regulator of conventional design is coupled to each of the mold oscillator and straightener drive means.
  • Each of the speed regulators is coupled in feedback relation to a tachometer in turn coupled to the associated drive means.
  • the reference drive speed for the straightener regulator is provided by a signal derivedfrom the line speed of the casting.
  • the speed reference for the oscillator regulator is obtained from the tachometer feedback of the straightener drive, with the result that the mold oscillator drive follows precisely the straightener drive but isnot mechanically coupled thereto.
  • Speed matching of the oscillator drive with the straightener drive is made possible and adjustable by providing a potentiometer or other adjustable resistance means between the feedback connection of the straightener regulator this purpose the potentiometer desirably is provided with dial means for recording settings corresponding respectively to differing casting conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view, partially sectioned, of one form of continuous casting machine arranged in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 1A is an enlarged, partial view of a portion of the mold oscillator drive means shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the mold structure of the continuous casting machine illustrated in FIG. I and taken generally along reference line IB-IB thereof;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the drive means shown in FIG. 1A and taken along reference line II-II thereof;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of one form of speed control means for a continuous casting machine arranged in accordance with our invention.
  • an exemplary continuous casting machine is arranged in accordance with our invention and includes in this example a vertically reciprocable mold structure denoted generally by reference character and having a generally vertically casting cavity 12 therein.
  • the cavity 12, together with the verticalto-horizontal guide roll structure 14 are arranged along a radius of curvature to which the casting 16 is conformed, as in conventional practices, in moving from the vertically casting mold structure 10 to the horizontal straightening mechanism identified generally by reference character 18.
  • a portion of the guide roll structure 14 is pivotally mounted for movement to the chain outline position 20 thereof.
  • a flexible dummy bar (not shown) or the like can be secured to the initially formed end portion of the casting adjacent the lower mold aperture 22 in order to thread the casting through the roll guides 14, the straightener mechanism 18 and the remaining components of the casting machine (not shown).
  • a suitable dummy bar for this purpose is described and claimed in a copending, coassigned application of Herbert Lemper entitled FLEXIBLE DUMMY BAR filed Sept. 9, I966, U.S. Pat. Ser. No. 578,313, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,442,322.
  • the casting 16 engages guide rollers 24 and thereafter in succession a series of straightener roll stands 26.
  • molten steel is supplied to the mold structure 10 from tundish 28, which may concurrently serve a plurality of similar mold structures associated with other strands (not shown) of the casting machine.
  • an oscillator drive including reduction unit 30 and an electric motor drive 32.
  • the reduction unit 30 includes spur gear 34 and worm gear 36 mounted on shaft 38 for rotation therewith by worm 40 mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 32 and enmeshed with the worm gear 36.
  • the worm 40 forms part of a gear assembly having a ratio such that an overhauling torque applied to the reduction unit 30 cannot reverse the worm 40 so as to couple the overhauling torque to the motor electric drive 42.
  • the spur gear 34 is enmeshed with a related spur gear 42 mounted on shaft 44 together with cam 46 for rotation therewith.
  • a pivoted cam follower 48 having a follower wheel 50 disposed in engagement with the cam periphery.
  • the follower 48 is pivoted to the casing of the reduction unit 30 as denoted by reference character 52 and an operating link 54 in turn is pivotally connected to the cam follower 48 and to an oscillating lever 56.
  • the lever 56 is pivoted at its fulcrum 58 to the adjacent supporting framework of the continuous casting machine, and the other end of the lever 56 is pivotally coupled to the vertically movable portion 60 of the mold structure 10.
  • oscillating movements of the connecting link 54 by the cam follower 48 are translated into correspondingly opposite oscillating movements of the mold plunger 60.
  • the cam 48 is of dual surface configuration.
  • the curved portions 64 of its periphery permit the mold plunger 60 to descend at a relatively slower speed consistent with the lineal speed of the casting while the relatively steep portions 66 of the cam 46 raise the mold plunger 60 at a faster rate.
  • two oscillation cycles are imparted, in this example, to the mold plunger 60 for each rotation of the cam 46.
  • the amplitude of the oscillation is dependent upon the particular pivot aperture 68 at which the connecting link 54 is pivoted.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings one form of counterbalancing means is illustrated therein and arrangedin accordance with our invention.
  • the aforementioned mold plunger 60 having the mold cavity 12 is coupled in this example to the other end of the lever 56 by a second connecting link 70.
  • the link 70 is pivotally connected at its upper end, as denoted by reference character 72, to the plunger 60 and at its lower end to the lever 56.
  • the mold plunger 60 is mounted for reciprocation within cylinder 74.
  • the plunger 60 is of stepped, generally cylindrical configuration and thus is provided with circumferentially extending shoulder 76.
  • the inner wall surface of the cylinder 74 is of complementary configuration, and the inner periphery thereof is stepped to form an inwardly disposed circumferentially extending shoulder 78.
  • the necked down portion of the mold plunger 60 is sealed to the constricted or shouldered portion 78 of the cylinder in this example by a pair of O-rings or the like 82.
  • the thickened portion 84 of the mold plunger 60 is sealed to the upper end portion of the cylindrical wall by similar sealing means such as O-rings 86.
  • the mold plunger 60 is illustrated in its uppermost position, as indicated by the solid outlines thereof.
  • the lowermost position of the plunger 60 is denoted by its dashed outline 88. Therefore, during the entire reciprocatory cycle of the mold structure 60 an annular space of varying length remains between the plunger shoulder 76 and the cylinder shoulder 78 of the mold structure.
  • a suitable pressurized fluid such as compressed air is introduced into the space 90 to serve as a fluid cushion, which in this example, is maintained under sufficient pressure to counterbalance the entire weight of the plunger 60. The weight of the plunger 60 is thus counterbalanced without increasing the mass which must be moved by the oscillator drive 32.
  • the inertia of the counterbalanced mold plunger 60 remains the same in contradistinction to the conventional practice of using counterweights. Likewise the use of pressurized fluid counterbalancing means does not involve the application of reactive forces to the oscillator drive 32 as occasioned by the use of conventional spring-counterbalancing means.
  • Pressurized fluid is supplied to the space 90 by means of an inlet conduit 92 coupled to the cylinder 74 through which compressed fluid is supplied by a suitable pump denoted by reference character 94.
  • a suitable pump denoted by reference character 94.
  • an accumulator tank 96 is coupled in the inlet conduit 92 between the pump 94 and the cylinder 74.
  • the tank 96 preferably is of sufficient volume that the contraction and expansion of the space 90 during reciprocation of the mold plunger 60 will not significantly increase or decrease the pressure of the fluid within the compressed fluid system including, .of course, the space 90.
  • pressurized fluid will be caused to flow to and from the accumulator tank 96 as indicated by doubleheaded arrow 98.
  • a suitablepressure control means 100 is mounted in the accumulator tank 96, in order to control an on/off switch 102 in the power leads 104 of the pump 94 in the conventional manner.
  • pressurized fluid is transmitted to the accumulator tank 96 through the inlet conduit 92' as denoted by arrow 106.
  • the pressure control 100 can of course be adjusted .to a fairly small cyclic pressure variation in accordance with known practices, in order to maintain the fluid pressure in the counterbalancing space 90 substantially constant.
  • the continuous casting 16 is conducted along an 'arcuate path whereby the casting is' turned from its vertical casting direction to a horizontal disposition for further fabrication. Therefore, the casti'ng16 must be straightened as noted previ ously in the straightener 18. Also, it is essential that the speed of the plunger 60 during the downward component of its oscillation cycle be exactly matched in accordance with a predetermined speed ratio, with the speed of the straightener rolls 108. It is also essential that the aforementioned speed ratio can be reproducibly adjusted in order to adapt the continuous casting machine to different casting conditions. As noted above it has not-beenpossible with conventional apparatus to maintain a predetermined speed matching with a high degree of accuracy. Moreover, it was not possible to vary the speed ratio between the straightener rolls 108 and the down component of the mold oscillation cycle in a reliably reproducible manner.
  • the straightener roll drive 26 with a conventional high accuracy-speed regulator 28 having tachometer feedback 112.
  • a reference signal is supplied to the straightener speed regulator 110 through conductor 114.
  • the conductor 114 is connected to suitable and conventional mechanism 115 for indicating the speed of the casting 16 in the form of a relatedelectrical signal.
  • the tachometer 112 output is one of the straightener drive motors 26 is fed back in the usual fashion to the associated speed regulator 110 through conductor 116 but is also conducted to a conventional, high accuracy speed regulator 118 for the mold oscillator drive motor 32.
  • the signal from the tachometer 112 thus forms the speed reference signal on input conductor 120 for the last-mentioned of oscillator speed regulator 118.
  • a conventional tachometer 122 is also coupled to the oscillator drive motor 32 and its output is fed back through conductor 124 to the oscillator speed regulator 118.
  • the speed of the oscillator drive motor 32 can be matched exactly, according-to the desired speed ratio, withthespeed of the work roll drive 26 since the oscillator speed regulator 118 is controlled by the speed of the straightener drive motor 26'.
  • the straightener speed regulator 110 is controlled bythe line speed, the circuit arrangement of FIG. 3 thus preserves the predetermined desired speed relationship between the straightener drive, motors 26 andthe.
  • theoscillator drive can be closely controlled to maintain the speed of the down component of the mold plunger 60 exactly at a'given percentage of the lineal casting speed, which relationship in turn is related to line speed.
  • ratio-adjusting means In order to provide means for varying the speed matching or speed ratio between the straightener drive motors 26 on the one hand and the oscillator drive on the other, reproducible speed ratio-adjusting means are providedby the invention, and can be calibratedto differing speed ratios if desired.
  • One form of such ratio-adjusting means includes potentiometer 126 coupled in speed reference conductor 120 of the oscillator speed regulator 118.
  • the potentiometer 126 is capable of adjusting the ratio. of tachometer 112 output to the oscillator speed regulator 118 in relation to the tachometer 112 feedback to the straightener speed regulator 110.
  • tachometer 112 output to the oscillator speed regulator 118 in relation to the tachometer 112 feedback to the straightener speed regulator 110.
  • a continuous casting machine comprising a mold structure open at opposite ends, means for mounting said mold structure for reciprocation and for reciprocating the mold structure in the direction of said casting, and separate counterbalancing means coupled to said mold structure for applying a fluid pressure thereto for supporting at least part of the weight of said mold structure, said counterbalancing means being disposed for least partially removing the load of said mold structure from said reciprocating means.
  • a continuous casting machine having an oscillatable mold structure and a straightener mechanism for straightening a casting issuing from said mold structure, said mold structure and said straightener mechanism being positioned in tandem along a path of said casting, the combination comprising oscillator drive means for said mold structure, straightener drive means for said straightener mechanism, a speed regulator and tachometer coupled to each of said drive means, circuit means for coupling each of said tachometers in feedback relation to the speed regulator of the associated drive means and for coupling an output of the tachometer of one of said drive means to the reference input of the speed regulator of the a other drive means, and additional circuit means .for coupling the reference input of the other of said speed regulators to casting speed-sensing means.
  • variable resistance means are coupled between said reference input of said other drive means speed regulator and said tachometer output of said one drive means for varying the matched speed ratio between said drive means.
  • said mold structure includes a mold plunger mounted for reciprocation in an outer shell closely surrounding the plunger, said shell and said plunger having spaced juxtaposed projections formed thereon respectively and defining a fluid cushion spaced therebetween and within said shell.
  • said reciprocating means include a drive motor and gear reduction unit, said unit comprising an irreversible worm coupled to the output shaft of said drive motor.
  • circuit means in addition coupling an output of one of said tachometers to a reference input of the speed regulator associated with the other of said tachometers, and additional circuit means for coupling the reference input of the other of said speed regulators to casting speed sensing means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
US620779A 1967-03-06 1967-03-06 Continuous casting machine Expired - Lifetime US3542117A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3730256A (en) * 1969-06-30 1973-05-01 Koppers Co Inc Apparatus for bending continuous cast slabs
US3779303A (en) * 1971-01-08 1973-12-18 Fives Lille Cail Installation for continuous ingot casting
JPS5142051B1 (de) * 1971-02-16 1976-11-13
US4015656A (en) * 1975-01-07 1977-04-05 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Strand guiding means for guiding a strand continuously cast in a continuous casting plant
US4027724A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-06-07 Piero Colombo Rocking device for continuous casting molds
US4106547A (en) * 1976-04-27 1978-08-15 Concast Ag Method and arrangement for removing a cooled strand from a continuous casting installation
US4263960A (en) * 1978-08-23 1981-04-28 Continua International Continuous Casting S.P.A. Rocking device for continuous casting molds
US4274472A (en) * 1978-06-26 1981-06-23 Fives-Cail Babcock Continuous casting installation
US4323107A (en) * 1978-06-12 1982-04-06 Fives-Cail Babcock Continuous casting installation
US4592409A (en) * 1980-08-08 1986-06-03 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Strand guide for multi-strand metal casting apparatus
US4660616A (en) * 1986-02-26 1987-04-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Starter bar apparatus in a continuous casting assembly
US4678022A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-07-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Mold-oscillating apparatus in a continuous casting assembly
US4687046A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-08-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiki Sho Top roller apron in a continuous casting assembly
FR2606305A3 (fr) * 1986-11-10 1988-05-13 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procede et dispositif pour l'equilibrage de lingotiere de coulee continue

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH637047A5 (de) * 1978-12-29 1983-07-15 Lauener W F Ag Verfahren zur geschwindigkeitssteuerung einer bandgiess- und walzanlage und gemaess diesem verfahren gesteuerte anlage.
BE877173A (fr) * 1979-06-21 1979-10-15 Centre Rech Metallurgique Perfectionnements aux procedes de controle de la coule continue des metaux, et notamment de l'acier.
ATE2487T1 (de) * 1979-12-19 1983-03-15 Concast Holding Ag Vorrichtung zum oszillieren einer stranggiesskokille.
DE3543790A1 (de) * 1985-12-09 1987-06-11 Mannesmann Ag Oszillationsvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709842A (en) * 1951-07-06 1955-06-07 Gordon R Findlay Apparatus for continuous casting of high-melting-point metals
US3088181A (en) * 1958-07-31 1963-05-07 British Iron Steel Research Continuous casting of metals
DK106353C (da) * 1960-12-13 1967-01-23 Motala Verkstad Ab Apparat til tilvejebringelse af en kokillebevægelse ved strengstøbemaskiner.
US3293717A (en) * 1963-12-16 1966-12-27 Paul R Helms Pipe molding machine

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3730256A (en) * 1969-06-30 1973-05-01 Koppers Co Inc Apparatus for bending continuous cast slabs
US3779303A (en) * 1971-01-08 1973-12-18 Fives Lille Cail Installation for continuous ingot casting
JPS5142051B1 (de) * 1971-02-16 1976-11-13
US4015656A (en) * 1975-01-07 1977-04-05 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Strand guiding means for guiding a strand continuously cast in a continuous casting plant
US4027724A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-06-07 Piero Colombo Rocking device for continuous casting molds
US4106547A (en) * 1976-04-27 1978-08-15 Concast Ag Method and arrangement for removing a cooled strand from a continuous casting installation
US4323107A (en) * 1978-06-12 1982-04-06 Fives-Cail Babcock Continuous casting installation
US4274472A (en) * 1978-06-26 1981-06-23 Fives-Cail Babcock Continuous casting installation
US4263960A (en) * 1978-08-23 1981-04-28 Continua International Continuous Casting S.P.A. Rocking device for continuous casting molds
US4592409A (en) * 1980-08-08 1986-06-03 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Strand guide for multi-strand metal casting apparatus
US4660616A (en) * 1986-02-26 1987-04-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Starter bar apparatus in a continuous casting assembly
US4678022A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-07-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Mold-oscillating apparatus in a continuous casting assembly
US4687046A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-08-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiki Sho Top roller apron in a continuous casting assembly
FR2606305A3 (fr) * 1986-11-10 1988-05-13 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procede et dispositif pour l'equilibrage de lingotiere de coulee continue

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Publication number Publication date
DE1783132B2 (de) 1972-07-27
DE1608075B1 (de) 1972-04-27
DE1783132A1 (de) 1972-03-23

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Owner name: MESTA AND MELLON BANK, N.A., MELLON SQUARE, PITTSB

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Effective date: 19810529

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