Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
  • B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
  • B29C33/60—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
  • B29C33/62—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents based on polymers or oligomers
  • B29C33/64—Silicone
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/02—Water
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
  • C10M2201/102—Silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
  • C10M2201/102—Silicates
  • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
  • C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
  • C10M2203/024—Well-defined aliphatic compounds unsaturated
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/04—Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/32—Esters of carbonic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/10—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/08—Solids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy

Definitions

• This invention relates to compositions containing metal flakes more particularly it relates to liquids having metal flakes dispersed therein.
• compositions incorporating metal flakes which have a high surface energy, high surface area and low bulk density, have many useful properties.
• the present invention provides a composition
• a composition comprising a liquid dispersion medium having dispersed therein metal flakes having a surface energy of at least 0.01 calorie per gram, a surface area of at least 1 square metre per gram and a bulk density of less than 1 gram per cc.
• the metal flakes which are useful in the present invention can be prepared by grinding a metal in an organic liquid (hereinafter referred to as the organic grinding liquid) in the presence of a grinding aid such as a loadcarrying additive for lubricants.
• a grinding aid such as a loadcarrying additive for lubricants.
• a high energy mill such as a vibration ball mill of vibrational amplitude of at least 2 mm. and a vibration frequency of at least 500 cycles a minute is used.
• the organic liquids used as the grinding medium include hydrocarbons especially n-heptane, iso-octane, cyclohexane, toluene, hexadecane or a hydrocarbon fraction obtained by the distillation of petroleum.
• Other liquids which can be used include most volatile oxygen-, halogen-, nitrogen-, and sulphur-containing liquids.
• the grinding liquids have a surface tension less than 72 dynes/ cm. more preferably less than 45 dynes/cm. at 25 C.
• the viscosity of the liquid at the grinding temperature must be sufficiently low to enable the grinding action to be sufficiently energetic to produce a metal powder having the desired surface energy, surface area and bulk density, for this reason liquids with a viscosity of less than 30 centistokes, more preferably less than 3 centistokes and most preferably less than 1 centistoke at 100 F. are preferred.
• grinding aid is meant a compound which facilitates grinding and is selected from load-carrying additives for lubricants, fatty acids, fatty acid esters and fatty alcohols.
• the grinding liquid can contain any conventional loadcarrying additive for lubricants.
• Lubricant load-carrying additives are usually compounds containing one or more elements of Groups 5, 6 or 7 of the Periodic Table especially nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur and chlorine.
• the grinding liquids may also contain, as a grinding aid, a fatty alcohol, fatty acid or ester thereof either in addi tion to the load-carrying additive or in its place. In general the better the lubricating activity of the additive or acid on the unground metal the more effective it will be in the grinding process.
• the preferred load-carrying additive is carbon tetra-chloride and the preferred fatty acids are stearic acid, palmitic acid or their vinyl esters. Cetyl alcohol may also be used.
• Suitable metals which can be used in the present invention include the transition metals, especially iron, aluminium, copper, zinc, tin and lead. Alloys such as cast iron, steel and brass may also be used.
• the grinding preferably takes place in the substantial absence of air and more preferably the metal is below the surface of the grinding liquid for the duration of the grinding.
• the metal flakes used in the present invention have a surface energy of at least 0.05 calorie per gram, a surface area of at least 2 square metres per gram and a bulk density of less than 0.5 gram per cc. In some cases surface energies of more than 10 calories per gram and as high as calories per gram can be obtained.
• the surface energy of the metal flakes can be deter mined using the flow micro-calorimeter as described in Chemistry and Industry March 20, 1965, pp. 482-489, using n-butanol adsorbed from n-heptane.
• the high surface energy of the metal flakes used in the present invention enables stable dispersions in liquids to be formed, these dispersions have a long life with little settling out.
• the dispersion medium is hydrocarbon, mineral or synthetic base oil, silicone fluid or any other liquid which does not react with the metal flakes.
• the amount of metal dispersed in the liquid depends on the use to which the dispersion is to be put, but is preferably l30% by wt. However if the liquid is a lubricating oil, a grease composition is formed if a suflicient quantity of the metal flakes are dispersed in the oil. For forming a grease composition from 10% wt. to 25% of the high energy, metal flakes are usually dispersed in a mineral or synthetic base oil.
• the lubricating base oil may be a mineral or synthetic oil.
• Suitable mineral oils are refined mineral oils obtained from petroleum, for example, those having a viscosity at 210 F. within the range from 2 to 50 centistokes, preferably 4 to 40 centistokes.
• Synthetic lubricating oils include organic esters, polyglycol ethers, polyphenyl ethers, fluorinated hydrocar bons, silicate esters, silicone oils and mixtures thereof.
• the most important class of synthetic oils are the organic liquid polyesters, particularly the neutral polyesters, having a viscosity at 210 F. Within the range from 1 to 30 centistokes.
• the expression polyester is used to mean esters having at least two ester linkages per molecule.
• the expression neutral is used to mean a fully esterified product.
• suitable polyesters include liquid diesters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and monohydric alcohols, such as, for example, dioctyl sebacate, dinonyl sebacate, octyl nonyl sebacate, and the corresponding azelates and adipates; liquid diesters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and phenols and more complex polyesters.
• the finely divided metal powder can be incorporated into a grease by a number of methods. It is preferred to incorporate the finely divided metal powder into a grease, immediately after grinding. However, if the finely divided metal powder is prepared some time before incorporation into the grease, it is preferred to store the finely divided metal powder in an air-tight container to prevent deterioration.
• the slurry of metal flakes produced in the grinding process can be converted into a grease by, for example:
• the grinding liquid is filtered off.
• the resulting filter cake is ground by, for example feeding the cake through a colloid mill and stirring the resulting powder into the oil.
• the resulting grease is finished by colloid milling.
• the metal might also be ground directly in the per minute. After grinding the balls were sieved from base oil for the grease. For example, a low boiling point, the slurry of metal powder and n-heptane and lubricating low viscosity, low surface tension mineral lubricating oil additive and the treated metal powder recovered by filtrawith a viscosity up to 600 centistokes at 100 F. (38 tion, washing and drying. C.) can be used. Elevated temperatures up to 400 C. Th metal powders were stirred into a 160/95 mineral can be used during the grinding. base oil to form a grease which contained by weight Methods (c), (d) and (e) are particularly preferred. of the metal.
• the finely divided metal powders can be in-
• the base oil used had a viscosity of 160 Redwood No. corporated into the base oil either at ambient tempera- 1 secs. at 140 F. and a viscosity index of 95. tures or, if desired, at elevated temperatures, for example, 20
• the properties of these greases are shown in the followup to 400 C. ing table.
• the greases according to the invention have remarkably high Drop Points. When their drop points are measured according to the IP or ASTM standard methods, they are found to be above 400 C.; such greases are described as infusible and are difficult to produce by conventional methods.
• base oils for example, synthetic oils with high oxidation and thermal stability, greases having a unique combination of properties can be produced.
• dispersions of the present invention possess load-carrying properties, and that dispersion of metal flakes in lubricating oils improve the load-carrying behaviour of the oils.
• Liquids containing ferromagnetic flakes have properties which differ in some respects from liquids containing non-ferromagnetic flakes. Dispersions of iron flakes in a liquid render the whole liquid susceptable to magnetic fields. Thus it is possible to move the bulk of the liquid by magnetic forces. This is also true of greases thickened by iron flakes. Grease thickened by iron flakes are also electrically conductive. These properties of dispersions of iron flakes are very useful in electric power systems, transmission devices, pumps and non-mechanical valves.
• Greases thickened by iron flakes also harden upon working in contrast to ordinary greases. Thus the values for penetration of the grease decrease upon working.
• the dispersions of other metals in organic liquids are useful in electrostatic applications such as in control mechanisms, such as valves.
• the grinding chambers are steel cylinders of 1 /2 inches intemal diameter by 15 inches long and The grease formed by the steel flakes had a specific resistance of 45 ohms/em.
• Dispersions were obtained by dispersing the metal flakes in n-heptane and leaving them undisturbed for 24 hours. The suspensions were black in colour and contained 5% by weight of the flakes. No settling out was observed after this time.
• a lubricating composition consisting of a lubricating oil containing an effective amount of oleophilic metal flakes selected from metals and alloys prepared by grinding a metal selected from metals and alloys in an organic liquid distilling below 500 C., having a viscosity below 600 centistokes at 38 C., and having a surface tension below 72 dynes/cm. at 25 C., until said metal becomes oleophilic and has a surface area of at least 1 square meter per gram.
• the lubricating composition of claim 1 in the form of a grease.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=25074161

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (14)

Families Citing this family (3)

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• 0
  • NL NL136855D patent/NL136855C/xx active
• 1968
  • 1968-10-07 US US765664A patent/US3532624A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1969
  • 1969-04-24 SE SE05865/69A patent/SE348144B/xx unknown
  • 1969-09-09 GB GB1230910D patent/GB1230910A/en not_active Expired
  • 1969-10-01 DE DE19691949618 patent/DE1949618A1/de active Pending
  • 1969-10-06 AT AT939269A patent/AT295850B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1969-10-06 FR FR696934065A patent/FR2020050B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1969-10-06 BE BE739894D patent/BE739894A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1969-10-06 NL NL6915074A patent/NL6915074A/xx unknown

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