US3529837A - Gasket - Google Patents

Gasket Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3529837A
US3529837A US780405A US3529837DA US3529837A US 3529837 A US3529837 A US 3529837A US 780405 A US780405 A US 780405A US 3529837D A US3529837D A US 3529837DA US 3529837 A US3529837 A US 3529837A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
gasket
spark plug
coating
engine
torque
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US780405A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Carl J Eaton
James F Hoffman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Ignition LLC
Original Assignee
Champion Spark Plug Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Champion Spark Plug Co filed Critical Champion Spark Plug Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3529837A publication Critical patent/US3529837A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/08—Mounting, fixing or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/931—Seal including temperature responsive feature
    • Y10S277/933—Chemical reaction or physical change of state
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
    • Y10S277/944—Elastomer or plastic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension

Definitions

  • the present invention is based upon the discovery that removal of spark plugs, particularly after initial installation in a new engine having an aluminum head and opera tion of the engine, can be significantly facilitated by a gasket having a plurality of facing surfaces so inter-connected that, when the gasket is compressed, the facing surfaces are resiliently urged apart, provided that the facing surfaces are coated with a material which, at temperatures not higher than about 200 F., are thermally decomposable or thermoplastic.
  • a spark plug when installed in an internal combustion engine, must be tightened sufiiciently that a gasket, interposed between the exterior of the spark plug and a cooperating seat on the head of the associated engine, is deformed into substantially continuous contact with both a seat on the exterior of the shell of the plug and the seat on the head of the engine.
  • an installation torque of from approximately to foot pounds is required to assure that the necessary deformation occurs in all instances.
  • a spark plug assembly upon installation in the normal manner, facing surfaces of the gasket coated with a ther mally decomposable or thermoplastic material are urged toward one another until the coatings contact one another; thereafter, as additional torque is applied, the coatings on the facing surfaces prevent contact therebetween, and the force necessary to cause seating deformation is transmitted, in part, through the coatings.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a spark plug according to the invention, with parts broken away to show details of construction.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a gasket which is a part of the spark plug of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a view in vertical elevation, taken along the line 33 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a greatly enlarged, fragmentary view of the spark plug of FIG. 1, and shows details of the gasket of FIGS. 2 and 3, and its assembly with the plug of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary view showing the spark plug of FIG. 1 installed in an internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view similar to FIG. 2, but showing a modified gasket.
  • FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line 7-7 of FIG. 6.
  • spark plug 10 comprises a metal shell .11 in which an insulator 12 is appropriately seated and engaged, a center electrode' resides in a coating on a gasket 17, as subsequently discussed in more detail.
  • the gasket 17 is so shaped as to have a plurality of facing surfaces, ⁇ 18-18 and '19-19 which are interconnected by arcuate portions 20 and 21, respectively.
  • the gasket 17 also includes a flange 22 which is directed radially inwardly from the portion of the gasket 17 which has one of the facing surfaces 1-9.
  • the gasket 17 is shown greatly enlarged and, in the solid line position, ready for assembly with the spark plug 10, and, in the broken line position, after such assembly. It will be noted that assembly involves deformation of the flange 22 so that a surface 23 thereof has a diameter less than the major diameter of the threads of the threaded portion 16.
  • At least the surfaces 118-18 and 19-19 of the gasket 17 carry a coating 24 which, in a specific embodiment, can be an acrylic lacquer which is thermoplastic at a temperature below 200 F., and which is in the vicinity of of an inch in thickness.
  • the spark plug 10 is shown fragmentarily, operatively engaged with an internal combustion engine which is also shown fragmentarily, and designated 25.
  • the gasket "17 when the spark plug 10 is operatively engaged with the engine 25, has been collapsed from the position shown in FIG. 4 so that the facing surfaces v18-48 and 19 19 are in virtual contact, but separated by about of an inch, the thickness of two layers of the coating 24.
  • resilience of the arcuate portions 20 and 21 tends to urge the surfaces 18-18 and the surfaces '19-19 away from one another, thereby tending to urge the spark plug 10 axially away from the associated engine 25.
  • gasket 26 which has been found to be operable in a spark plug according to the invention as an equivalent for the previously discussed gasket 17, differs from the gasket 17 principally in that it has five slots 27 in an engaging flange 28 which performs substantially the same function as the flange 22 in the gasket 17.
  • spark plugs with coated gaskets according to the invention were installed in newly drilled and threaded aluminum heads, using an installation torque of 20 foot pounds. The heads, with the installed plugs, were then heated for two hours at 250 F. or for two hours at 450 F, and the break-away torque, or the torque required to disengage the plugs from the head was then determined.
  • the assemblies investigated were those shown in FIGS. 1 through 5 of the drawings, and the thickness of the coating 24!- was varied by changing the solids content in an acrylic lacquer used to produce the coating by immersion and subsequent air drying.
  • the specific acrylic lacquer used was a methylmethacrylate polymer which softens at about 150 F.
  • the direct measurement of the thickness of the coating 24 has not yet been accomplished, but thickness has been estimated by applying coatings of the various solids contents used to fiat steel plates, allowing the coatings to air dry, and then by microscopic techniques determining the thickness of the coatings on the flat plates.
  • break-away torque in foot pounds is reported as a function of coating thickness, the thickness reported, in each case, being the microscopically determined thickness of a coating, on a flat steel plate, of a solution of the lacquer of the same solids content at which the reported break-away torque was determined.
  • coating thicknesses reported in Tables I and II are approximations, but sufficiently close approximations to indicate that coating thicknesses ranging from about 0.3 to about 5 ten thousandths of an inch, preferably from about 0.5 to about 3 ten thousandths of an inch, are operable in spark plug assemblies according to the invention. In any event the coatings should be sufiiciently thick that removal torque, after engine operation, is not greater than installation torque.
  • Thickness of Break-away torque coating 24 foot pounds 0 22 Not determined 16 0.00005 inch 14 0.0001 inch 10 0.0003 inch 6 See footnotes at bottom of Table II.
  • Thickness of Break-away torque coating 24 foot pounds 0 27 Not determined 20 0.00005 inch 17 0.0001 inch 11 0.0003 inch 11 t Average of numerous determinations on plugs of various ypes.
  • the coating 24 is one which can be applied by immersion of gaskets therein, and which will air dry within a relatively short period of time, but the specific identity thereof is not critical so long as it either softens or decomposes to reduce force, as described.
  • a gasket for use between a spark plug and an engine cylinder head comprising a body having a plurality of facing surfaces, said body being formed from a resilient material which continues to exert a substantially unreduced force between the spark plug and its seat, and a coating on said facing gasket surfaces, said coating being formed from a thermoplastic material which softens or thermally decomposes at a temperature below 200 F., said coating being present in a layer great enough in thickness that the torque required to remove the spark plug after it has been operated in the engine and the coating modified by the heat of operation is not greater 10 than the installation torque.
  • thermoplastic material is an acrylic
  • a gasket as claimed in claim 1 wherein said coating is from about 0.5 to about 3 ten thousandths of an inch in thickness.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
US780405A 1968-12-02 1968-12-02 Gasket Expired - Lifetime US3529837A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78040568A 1968-12-02 1968-12-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3529837A true US3529837A (en) 1970-09-22

Family

ID=25119504

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US780405A Expired - Lifetime US3529837A (en) 1968-12-02 1968-12-02 Gasket

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3529837A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4825695B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE742528A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH499017A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1952788C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2025044A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1252830A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL160998C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO123626B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE348892B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4003120A (en) * 1975-07-08 1977-01-18 Hopp Harold P Captive type spark plug gasket and tool for installing same
DE2632467A1 (de) * 1975-07-24 1977-01-27 Commissariat Energie Atomique Waermedaemmender bauteil
FR2649773A1 (fr) * 1989-07-11 1991-01-18 Jaeger Joint imperdable
EP1039601A1 (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-27 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Captive spark plug gasket
US6669205B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2003-12-30 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Retainer gasket with pressure relief vents
US6695357B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2004-02-24 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Threaded pipe connection having a retainer gasket with pressure relief vents
US20130207349A1 (en) * 2012-02-09 2013-08-15 Cameron International Corporation Lip Seal
US8766521B2 (en) 2010-08-03 2014-07-01 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug
US11473485B2 (en) * 2018-12-20 2022-10-18 Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh Cooling of the spark plug with improved contact surface

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2263739B (en) * 1992-02-03 1995-02-22 Specialist Sealing Ltd Sealing ring
DE10338743B4 (de) * 2003-08-22 2005-07-21 Beru Ag Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine
JP5166492B2 (ja) * 2010-08-03 2013-03-21 日本特殊陶業株式会社 封止部材を有するねじ付部材およびスパークプラグ
JP2012031834A (ja) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-16 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd スパークプラグ
GB2521174A (en) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-17 Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh Method for sealing two components in engine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1211476A (en) * 1916-04-05 1917-01-09 Norman Bruce Miller Packing.
US2127372A (en) * 1935-03-08 1938-08-16 Victor Mfg & Gasket Co Coated all-metal gasket
US3091472A (en) * 1960-05-24 1963-05-28 Detroit Gasket & Mfg Company Metal gaskets
US3099456A (en) * 1960-08-01 1963-07-30 Harold P Hopp Thread forming sparkplug gaskets

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1211476A (en) * 1916-04-05 1917-01-09 Norman Bruce Miller Packing.
US2127372A (en) * 1935-03-08 1938-08-16 Victor Mfg & Gasket Co Coated all-metal gasket
US3091472A (en) * 1960-05-24 1963-05-28 Detroit Gasket & Mfg Company Metal gaskets
US3099456A (en) * 1960-08-01 1963-07-30 Harold P Hopp Thread forming sparkplug gaskets

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4003120A (en) * 1975-07-08 1977-01-18 Hopp Harold P Captive type spark plug gasket and tool for installing same
DE2632467A1 (de) * 1975-07-24 1977-01-27 Commissariat Energie Atomique Waermedaemmender bauteil
FR2649773A1 (fr) * 1989-07-11 1991-01-18 Jaeger Joint imperdable
EP1039601A1 (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-27 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Captive spark plug gasket
US6489709B1 (en) 1999-03-19 2002-12-03 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Captive spark plug gasket
US6669205B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2003-12-30 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Retainer gasket with pressure relief vents
US6695357B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2004-02-24 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Threaded pipe connection having a retainer gasket with pressure relief vents
US8766521B2 (en) 2010-08-03 2014-07-01 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug
US20130207349A1 (en) * 2012-02-09 2013-08-15 Cameron International Corporation Lip Seal
US9611712B2 (en) * 2012-02-09 2017-04-04 Onesubsea Ip Uk Limited Lip seal
US11473485B2 (en) * 2018-12-20 2022-10-18 Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh Cooling of the spark plug with improved contact surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE348892B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-11
FR2025044A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-04
DE1952788B2 (de) 1979-11-22
BE742528A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-14
NL6918044A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-06-04
JPS4825695B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-31
NL160998C (nl) 1979-12-17
DE1952788C3 (de) 1980-08-07
GB1252830A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-11-10
DE1952788A1 (de) 1970-06-18
CH499017A (de) 1970-11-15
NL160998B (nl) 1979-07-16
NO123626B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3529837A (en) Gasket
US4826380A (en) Pre-cast sealant dome and method
US3494243A (en) Sealing fastener
US3618444A (en) Corrosion resistant fasteners
JPS5824047Y2 (ja) シ−ル構造
CA1233351A (en) Fastener with head cap having a concealed edge
US1924695A (en) Lock washer assembly
US2196337A (en) Flexible cup
US3241843A (en) Combined ring and frusto-conical member seal assembly
US1208620A (en) Washer.
US3572414A (en) Locking fastener
US2752059A (en) Closure with sealing pad having concentric ribs
US3661401A (en) Gasket
EP0056371A4 (en) SYSTEM FOR SETTING UP A PLANE.
US3750523A (en) Nail
US2197916A (en) Gasket
US2850792A (en) Method of applying a bearing seal
US2687228A (en) Expansible closure plug
EP0094616B1 (en) Single metallic plate gasket
US1856272A (en) Plated piston
US2908537A (en) Piston ring
US2390561A (en) Sealing container
US2021571A (en) Laminated composition gasket
US1720799A (en) Method of and means for locking nuts
US2389118A (en) Pressure vessel closure