US3528485A - Continuous-casting mold - Google Patents

Continuous-casting mold Download PDF

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Publication number
US3528485A
US3528485A US730490A US3528485DA US3528485A US 3528485 A US3528485 A US 3528485A US 730490 A US730490 A US 730490A US 3528485D A US3528485D A US 3528485DA US 3528485 A US3528485 A US 3528485A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mold
parts
casting
plane
strand
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US730490A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eric T Vogel
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SMS Concast Inc
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Concast Inc
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Assigned to SMS CONCAST INC. reassignment SMS CONCAST INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE ON 08/08/1984 Assignors: CONCAST INCORPORATED
Assigned to SMS CONCAST INC. reassignment SMS CONCAST INC. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CONCAST INCORPORATED
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/0406—Moulds with special profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/05—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds into moulds having adjustable walls

Definitions

  • a mold assembly for a continuous-casting mold which has an open-ended mold cavity therethrough, is in two parts which separate at a plane extending axially through the cavity. The parts are moved together and apart by suitable power means, such as pistons in cylinders operated by fluid pressure. In the closed position of the mold one of the parts is positioned at the plane of separation by pressing it against stops and the other part is pressed against the first part.
  • both parts are adapted to be moved back from the plane of separation to assure complete release of the casting.
  • the present invention relates to a mold assembly for the continuous casting of metal, such as steel.
  • the invention is a mold assembly in which the mold is separable in two parts for releasing the tail end of a cast strand and which incorporates simple and effective means for holding the mold parts firmly together during casting.
  • molten metal is poured into one end of an open-ended mold cavity which is through the mold.
  • the mold is cooled and solidifies the periphery of the metal in the cavity to form a cast strand which is drawn out of the other end.
  • Additional metal is poured into the cavity to replace the metal drawn out as a continuously cast strand.
  • the flow of molten metal into the mold is stopped and the tail end of the cast strand is left in the mold long enough for its upper end and sides to solidify. This is referred to in the art as capping the strand.
  • the tail end is solidified, or at least sufficiently solidified to contain any metal which may still be molten in the core of strand, it is withdrawn from the mold.
  • the tail end of the strand shrinks as it solidifies, and if it is round, rectangular, or some other cross-sectional shape which is not indented or deeply concave, the shrinkage loosens it in the cavity so that it is easily drawn out.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the strand is deeply indentedas in the cases of channel, rail, I, or dog bone (bulbous ends with a slim section between) shapes, for examplethe inner walls of the indentation or indentations shrink against the corresponding wall surfaces of the mold cavity and lock the tail end of the casting in the mold so that it is difficult or impossible to withdraw. This problem is customarily avoided by limiting the depth, steepness and sharpness of the indentations of cross-sectional shapes that are cast with continuous-casting apparatus, and by tapering the molds.
  • This makes it possible to cast strands which have more nearly the final indented shape desired than is possible with conventional continuous-casting mold assemblies. Consequently, the number of forging or rolling operations to give the casting the desired final shape, and hence the cost of producing the finished article, is greatly reduced.
  • Another object is to provide a mold assembly wherein the mold is separable in two parts, and which includes simple, rugged means for moving both the parts together and apart with respect to a precisely located plane of separation and for holding the parts firmly together during the casting.
  • Molds separable in parts for releasing a casting are known in the casting art in general, but up to the present there has not been a practical separable mold for use in continuous-casting. It is believed this is due to the particular problems involved in providing an etfective and economic separable mold for continuous-casting. For example, a mold which is separable in two parts must be adapted for the parts to be held firmly together in a manner to withstand separation by the considerable ferrostatic pressure of metal in the mold cavity, and yet be readily separable to release the casting. Moreover, in order to ensure complete release, both separable parts of the mold should be drawn back away from the casting while the casting is held stationary in one axial position.
  • the mold assembly includes a mold in tWo parts which are separable at a plane extending axially through the mold cavity.
  • the parts are held together under pressure applied by suitable means, such as pistons movable in fixed cylinders by fluid pressure.
  • suitable means such as pistons movable in fixed cylinders by fluid pressure.
  • the closed position of the mold one of the parts is pressed against stops, which locate the position of the plane of separation of the parts, and the other part is pressed against the one part by a pressure which is less than the pressure applied to press the one part against the stops.
  • the lesser pressure is made great enough to hold the other part against the one part with sutficient pressure to resist being forced away from the one part by ferrostatic pressure during casting.
  • the pressure to hold the parts together could be applied by any suitable means, such as cylinders with pistons, as mentioned above, springs, or a combination of these.
  • the mold parts could also be moved apart by toggle mechanism of the type illustrated in copending application Ser. No. 728,217 filed May 10, 1968, assigned to the same assignee as the instant application, wherein the parts are held together under pressure and are separated by toggle mechanism which is operative to apply sufficient counter pressure to overcome the pressure holding the parts together.
  • the mold parts are moved together and apart by the pressure applying means which is provided by pistons movable in fixed cylinders by fluid pressure. Piston rods from the pistons are attached to the respective mold parts and fluid, such as air, oil or water is applied to the cylinders in a conventional manner for selectively pressing the mold parts together and moving them apart.
  • the mold assembly of this invention therefore provides an effective two-part separable continuous-casting mold adapted for casting strands having deeper and sharper identations in their cross-sectional configurations which cannot be cast with one-piece molds.
  • a particular feature of this assembly is that, when the mold parts are separated for releasing the capped tail ends of a cast strand, both mold parts move back from the plane of separation of the parts and thereby assure complete release of the cast strand.
  • the means for holding the mold parts together are such that the plane of separation of the parts, and hence the position of the mold cavity, may be precisely positioned relative to the support and guide means which conduct the cast strand emerging from the mold away from the mold.
  • the mold cavity can be placed in the best alignment for delivering the cast strand to the support and guide means without marking, or unnecessarily bending the strand.
  • the hold means of this assembly also assures that the alignment will be maintained during casting, and for successive casting runs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical section through a continuous-casting mold, and through a guide apron extending from below the mold, to illustrate the general structure and arrangement of a mold assembly in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view of a horizontal section through the mold, and through pressure applying devices, of a mold assembly embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates schematically a continuous-casting mold assembly of this invention in use.
  • the lower end of the mold cavity is stoppered with a plug (not shown) which is customarily provided with a mushroom shaped projection or undercut portion around which the metal in the mold solidifies to fuze the plug to the lead end of the strand 13 being formed in the mold.
  • a plug (not shown) which is customarily provided with a mushroom shaped projection or undercut portion around which the metal in the mold solidifies to fuze the plug to the lead end of the strand 13 being formed in the mold.
  • the apron 15 is indicated as being a curved chute; in practice the apron 15 may be provided by a sequence of support rollers, support panels or other suitable means.
  • the strand 13 may be conducted straight down from the mold, but in many conventional continuous-casting machines the strand is conducted along a curved path, as shown, to lead it into a horizontal path which is more convenient for subsequent forming or cutting operations.
  • cooling means such as water sprays, indicated at 16, are applied to the strand at spaced intervals therealong.
  • the casting operation is continued by pouring molten metal into the top of the mold cavity to replace metal comprising the strand emerging from the bottom of the mold cavity.
  • the flow of molten metal to the mold is discontinued and the strand is capped by halting the withdrawal of the strand until the tail end of the strand in the mold solidifies completely.
  • the crosssectional shape of the strand formed by the shape of the mold cavity is round, rectangular or some other shape which does not have indented portions, the shrinkage of the solidifying metal loosens the strand in the mold; but if the shape has deep indentations or undercut portions as with the cross-sectional shapes of rails, I beams and channels, for examplethe shrinkage of the metal locks the strand into the mold cavity.
  • This locking-in of a capped strand is avoided in a mold assembly in accordance with the present invention wherein the mold 12 is in two halves 12a and 12b which separate along a vertical plane axially through the mold cavity 11.
  • the mold halves 12a and 1212 are held together by pressure applied to the outward-facing sides of the mold halves by pressure means, such as the pistons 17 in cylinders 18 having piston rods 19 attached to the mold halves.
  • pressure means such as the pistons 17 in cylinders 18 having piston rods 19 attached to the mold halves.
  • Other pressure means, such as springs, or a combination of springs and pistons 17 could be used, but the pistons are particularly suitable since they are adapted to provide simple effective means for separating the parts 12a and 11212 for opening the mold, as well as for pressing the parts together to close the mold. As shown in FIG.
  • hoses 20 and 21 are connected to ports respectively through opposite end portions of the walls of cylinders 18 to open respectively at opposite sides of the pistons 17, and fluid, such as air, oil or water is applied through the hoses 20 and 21 for pressing the pistons 17 to one or the other ends of the cylinders 18, depending on whether the mold parts 12a, 12b are to be pressed together or moved apart.
  • fluid such as air, oil or water
  • This is readily accomplished with conventional connections and valves (not shown) which are operable to direct fluid under pressure from a suitable source (not shown) alternatively into one of the hoses 20, 21 while 1ripening to relieve the pressure from the other of the oses.
  • the cylinders 18, 18' for the respective mold halves 12a, 1212 are mounted in fixed positions through a frame 22 which extends around the mold 12. Sufficient clearance is provided between the mold 12 and the frame 22 for the mold halves 12a, 12b to move, as necessary to separate and come together, within the central opening of the frame 22. Piston rods 19, 19' from the pistons 17, 17 in cylinders 18, 18' extend inward from opposite sides of the frame and their inward ends are attached to the sides of the respective mold halves 12a, 12b.
  • Matching guides (not shown) of conventional construction and arrangement will ordinarily be provided in the end walls of the mold halves 12a, 12b, and in the end walls of the frame 22 which are adjacent to the end walls of the mold halves, to guide and support the mold halves for their movement toward and back from each other by the operation of the pistons 17, 17.
  • the mold halves 12a, 12b separate along a plane which is axially through the mold cavity 11.
  • the lateral position of the plane is selected in accordance with the crosssectional configuration of the mold cavity 11 and is located so that the arrangement of undercut portions of the configurationor sharply indented portions-relative to the plane of separation is such that these portions will not lock a casting in the mold and prevent or impede the movement of one or the other of the mold halves back from the plane.
  • the plane of separation may suitably be made to coincide with the plane of symmetry of the configuration, as illustrated by the mold halves 12a, 12b shown in FIG. 2.
  • mold part 12a When the mold 12 is in closed position a face surface 23 of mold part 12a and a face surface 24 of mold part 12b are in abutting relation and define the plane of separation.
  • the mold parts 12a and 12b are moved toward each other, by pressure applied by the pistons 17, 17', to close the mold, the mold part 12a moves in toward, and engages, stops 25 which hold the mold part 12a in a predetermined inward position.
  • the ends of the mold part 12a are provided with outwardly projecting shoulders 26 that are in line to engage the stops 25 which project inwardly from opposite ends of the frame 22.
  • the different pressures applied re spectively to the two mold parts 12a, i121; for holding them together is provided by having the cylinders 18' and pistons 17', which are operatively connected to mold part 121), a smaller diameter than the cylinders 18 and pistons 17 for the mold part 12a so that the pistons 17' apply less mechanical force than pistons 17.
  • the pistons 17, 17' may be operated by connecting their cylinders 18 and 18' to a single source of fluid under pressure.
  • the difference in mechanical force applied to the mold parts 12a and 12b could be provided by connecting each of the sets of cylinders 18 and 18 to a different source of fluid with the fluid being at a different pressure at each source.
  • the cylinders 18, 18' and pistons 17, 17 could either be all the same diameter, or different diameters, respectively, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • lesser pressure applied to hold the mold part 12b against the mold part 12a is made sufficiently large so that the pressures applied to the respective mold parts 12a and 12b will hold the mold parts together firmly enough to resist separation by the ferrostatic pressure of metal in the mold cavity 11.
  • the location of the plane of separation of the mold parts 12a, 12b is determined by the position of the stops 25, which are on the frame 22.
  • the plane of separation of the mold parts, and hence the position of the mold cavity 11 are in fixed relation to the frame 22, so that the exit end of the mold cavity 11 may be accurately aligned with the upper end of the guide apron 15for smooth passage of a cast strand from the mold cavity onto the guide apronand will not be shifted out of alignment by thermal expansion of the mold parts or by repeated openings and closings of the mold.
  • the frame 22 has lugs 27 projecting from opposite ends with holes 28 through the lugs for supporting the frame 22, and mold 12 therein, on a conventional mold table (not shown) of conventional continuous-casting apparatus.
  • the mold table has a central opening, and the mold 12 in frame 22 is supported therein by the lugs 27 which rest on portions of the mold table at opposite sides of the opening. Pins projecting up from the mold table are received through the holes 28 in the lugs 27 for positioning and holding the frame 22 on the mold table.
  • the mold 12 is customarily cooled by water, or other fluid coolant, circulating through passages in the mold walls or through a jacket around the mold. Suitable structure for cooling the mold parts 12a and 12b is disclosed in copending US. patent application Ser. No. 728,217, filed May 10, 1968.
  • the mold cavity 11 of the embodiment illustrated in the drawings is a straight cavity. It will be appreciated, however, that the mold assembly of this invention is equally adapted for an assembly in which the mold has a curved mold cavitycurving in an arc from one open end to the other. If the mold cavity is curved, the interface between the separable parts may be true flat plane through the cavity as in the embodiment described above. Or the interface may be curved-to follow the curvature of the cavity, for example. In the latter instance, the curved interface would not define a true plane since technically the term plane refers to a flat surface.
  • the mode of operation and the essential structure of an assembly are the same whether the interface between the separable mold parts is a flat or a curved surface. It is therefore intended that the expression plane of separation, as used herein, refers to the interfacial surface defined by the mold parts when they are together whether the interfacial surface is flat or curved.
  • said pressure means comprise pistons movable in fixed cylinders by fluid pressure, said pistons having piston rods connected respectively to the mold parts, and connections adapted for supplying fluid under pressure to each of the cylinders to move the pistons therein in directions respectively for moving the parts toward said plane, and then in opposite directions for moving the mold parts back away from said plane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
US730490A 1968-05-20 1968-05-20 Continuous-casting mold Expired - Lifetime US3528485A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73049068A 1968-05-20 1968-05-20

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US (1) US3528485A (de)
JP (1) JPS524489B1 (de)
AT (1) AT291453B (de)
CH (1) CH512947A (de)
GB (1) GB1213945A (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3662814A (en) * 1968-08-24 1972-05-16 Concast Ag Mold for continuous casting of metal
US3726628A (en) * 1970-05-08 1973-04-10 Agfa Gevaert Ag Extruder for the production of foils
US3766962A (en) * 1971-02-01 1973-10-23 I Rossi Method of continuously casting a slab
US3799238A (en) * 1971-02-25 1974-03-26 Concast Ag Method of sealing the stopping and withdrawing head in a continuous casting mold
US3800849A (en) * 1971-02-25 1974-04-02 Concast Ag Method of introducing the dummy bar into a continuous casting mold and apparatus for the performance of the aforesaid method
US3837391A (en) * 1971-02-01 1974-09-24 I Rossi Continuous casting apparatus
FR2483816A1 (fr) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-11 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Procede pour elargir un toron coule en continu
US4480976A (en) * 1982-03-03 1984-11-06 Benteler-Werke Ag Adjustable sliding mold for continuous casting installations
US4516624A (en) * 1981-12-24 1985-05-14 Concast Incorporated Mold assembly for continuous casting
US4565236A (en) * 1981-02-10 1986-01-21 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of and mold for continuously casting steel beam blanks
US4799535A (en) * 1987-04-09 1989-01-24 Herbert Lemper Modular continuous slab casters and the like
US4953614A (en) * 1987-04-09 1990-09-04 Herbert Lemper Modular continuous caster
US5472041A (en) * 1989-12-01 1995-12-05 Cf&I Steel, L.P. Railroad rail and method and system of rolling the same by conventional or continuous rolling process
US20040055732A1 (en) * 2002-09-19 2004-03-25 Leblanc Guy Adjustable casting mold

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112170794B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2022-03-08 江苏华龙铸铁型材有限公司 一种用于轨道型材生产的组合式腹冷结晶器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2195809A (en) * 1936-06-22 1940-04-02 American Smelting Refining Continuous casting
CA533303A (en) * 1956-11-20 Vallak Enn Separable liquid-cooled chill molds
US3237252A (en) * 1963-10-01 1966-03-01 Babcock & Wilcox Co Mold clamping devices
US3388737A (en) * 1966-05-10 1968-06-18 Copper Range Co Apparatus for continuous casting
US3416222A (en) * 1964-05-05 1968-12-17 British Iron Steel Research Manufacture of elongate articles

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA533303A (en) * 1956-11-20 Vallak Enn Separable liquid-cooled chill molds
US2195809A (en) * 1936-06-22 1940-04-02 American Smelting Refining Continuous casting
US3237252A (en) * 1963-10-01 1966-03-01 Babcock & Wilcox Co Mold clamping devices
US3416222A (en) * 1964-05-05 1968-12-17 British Iron Steel Research Manufacture of elongate articles
US3388737A (en) * 1966-05-10 1968-06-18 Copper Range Co Apparatus for continuous casting

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3662814A (en) * 1968-08-24 1972-05-16 Concast Ag Mold for continuous casting of metal
US3726628A (en) * 1970-05-08 1973-04-10 Agfa Gevaert Ag Extruder for the production of foils
US3766962A (en) * 1971-02-01 1973-10-23 I Rossi Method of continuously casting a slab
US3837391A (en) * 1971-02-01 1974-09-24 I Rossi Continuous casting apparatus
US3799238A (en) * 1971-02-25 1974-03-26 Concast Ag Method of sealing the stopping and withdrawing head in a continuous casting mold
US3800849A (en) * 1971-02-25 1974-04-02 Concast Ag Method of introducing the dummy bar into a continuous casting mold and apparatus for the performance of the aforesaid method
FR2483816A1 (fr) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-11 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Procede pour elargir un toron coule en continu
US4565236A (en) * 1981-02-10 1986-01-21 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of and mold for continuously casting steel beam blanks
US4516624A (en) * 1981-12-24 1985-05-14 Concast Incorporated Mold assembly for continuous casting
US4480976A (en) * 1982-03-03 1984-11-06 Benteler-Werke Ag Adjustable sliding mold for continuous casting installations
US4799535A (en) * 1987-04-09 1989-01-24 Herbert Lemper Modular continuous slab casters and the like
US4953614A (en) * 1987-04-09 1990-09-04 Herbert Lemper Modular continuous caster
US5472041A (en) * 1989-12-01 1995-12-05 Cf&I Steel, L.P. Railroad rail and method and system of rolling the same by conventional or continuous rolling process
US20040055732A1 (en) * 2002-09-19 2004-03-25 Leblanc Guy Adjustable casting mold
US6857464B2 (en) 2002-09-19 2005-02-22 Hatch Associates Ltd. Adjustable casting mold

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS524489B1 (de) 1977-02-04
DE1925186A1 (de) 1970-03-26
AT291453B (de) 1971-07-12
CH512947A (de) 1971-09-30
GB1213945A (en) 1970-11-25

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Owner name: SMS CONCAST INC.

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CONCAST INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:004397/0366

Effective date: 19850312

AS Assignment

Owner name: SMS CONCAST INC.

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CONCAST INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:004387/0592

Effective date: 19840808