US3519003A - Method and apparatus for coiffure control - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for coiffure control Download PDF

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Publication number
US3519003A
US3519003A US727418A US3519003DA US3519003A US 3519003 A US3519003 A US 3519003A US 727418 A US727418 A US 727418A US 3519003D A US3519003D A US 3519003DA US 3519003 A US3519003 A US 3519003A
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hair
filaments
reservoir
solution
drawing member
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US727418A
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English (en)
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Louis R Mizell
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Gillette Co LLC
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Gillette Co LLC
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D8/00—Hair-holding devices; Accessories therefor
    • A45D8/36—Hair straps; Hair rings

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG.
  • FIG 6 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COIFFURE CONTROL Filed May 8, 1968 2 Sheets-Sheet 2
  • FIG 6 FIG 7 United States Patent 3,519,003 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COIFFURE CONTROL Louis R. Mizell, Andover, Mass., assignor to The Gillette Company, Boston, Mass., a corporation of Delaware Filed May 8, 1968, Ser. No. 727,418 Int. Cl. A45d 8/00 US. Cl. 132-7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Control of hair style through fibers formed in place on the head by a filament forming device employing a viscous air-drying liquid composition.
  • This invention relates to a new method of shaping and styling the hair.
  • Methods and compositions for maintaining hair styles are as old as mans recorded history. Very early records indicate the use of thick oils, waxes, greases, resins, and other materials.
  • hair sprays containing polymers dissolved in solvents and propellants have come to make up a substantial portion of the items presently sold for hair style control.
  • hair nets have been and still are a vital adjunct to the art of hair style control.
  • a properly fitted hair net offers a degree of permanence, tensile strength, and dimensional stability that far exceeds that provided by even the best compositions.
  • Other objects of the invention are to provide such a hair net which retains its shape and strength despite variations in ambient temperature and humidity, which may be conveniently applied yet easily removed by combing or brushing, and which may be either invisible or colored as desired.
  • the hair net of the invention is formed in situ by drawing or extruding long fine microfibers'or filaments from a rather sticky and stringy airdrying polymer solution or dispersion of the proper viscosity (e.g. a viscous solution of resin in a voltatile solvent such as alcohol) and laying the filaments down upon the coifi'ure as they are formed.
  • a drawing device comprising a reservoir of convenient size containing a quantity of a suitable air-drying polymer solution or dispersion and a cooperating drawing member.
  • the drawing member is provided with an irregular drawing surface, which when brought into contact with the solution and then slowly separated from it produces a skein of fine filaments extending between the reservoir and the protuberant areas of the irregular drawing surface. These filaments are laid down across the hair as they are formed, or soon after they are formed, and harden rapidly on exposure to the air.
  • the composition of the polymer solution is adjusted so that the filaments are adhesi 3,519,003 Patented July 7, 1970 Ice to each other and slightly adhesive to the hair, but not adhesive to human skin, thus forming a very fine but strong and integral hair net precisely contoured to the outlines of the specific coiffure.
  • the filaments forming the hair net are normally both extremely fine and relatively transparent, and hence virtually invisible, a variety of coloring materials can be mixed with the polymer solution. Consequently, it is apparent that besides the maintenance of hair styles other applications of the preferred embodiments include temporary hair coloring, streaking or frosting of womens hair, the production of novelty effects such as making the hair lustrous or pearlescent, the masking of kinky hair, and the covering of bald spots on the head.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation of one form of drawing member
  • FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the same member
  • FIG. 3 is a view of a cooperating reservoir shown in side elevation partially broken away in section;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a typical use of the drawing device shown in FIGS. 1 through 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows a variation of the device shown in FIGS. 1 through 4 employing an alternative structure both for the drawing member and for the reservoir;
  • FIG. 6 shows the use of a flexible retaining ring to reseal the reservoir after use
  • FIG. 7 shows the use of a tape reservoir seal
  • FIG. 8 shows a relatively inexpensive structure that is particularly suitable for a disposable, single-use drawing device.
  • the drawing device of the preferred embodiments includes two principal parts: a reservoir or holder for the polymer solution and a cooperating drawing member.
  • the reservoir is designed to store an appropriate quantity of the solution in a position that is readily accessible to the drawing member.
  • the drawing member is provided with an irregular drawing surface having a sufiicient number of protuberances to produce a relatively large number of filaments; this enables the invisible hair net to be created with a minimum number of draws.
  • Both the reservoir and the drawing member should be convenient to hold and easy to manipulate. Preferably, they should be compact enough to be conveniently carried in a purse, yet large enough to generate a suflicient quantity of filaments. If the drawing device is to be reuseable, it must be rescaled well after each use so that the remaining portion of the solution will not dry out.
  • the drawing device may be constructed from a variety of materials: plastic, hard rubber, metal, metal foil, glass, etc.the principal criteria of choice being economy of manufacture and the aesthetic preferences of the user.
  • the reservoir and drawing member may be of any convenient size and shape. For example, a rectangular drawing surface about three inches long and one and one eighth inches wide has proved to be large enough to produce a sufficient number of filaments at each draw, yet compact enough to be conveniently carried in a purse.
  • FIG. 1 A side elevation of one suitable form of drawing member is shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 A bottom view of the same member is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the drawing member 14 consists of a rectangular base plate 2 with a handle 4 attached to its upper surface, its lower surface 5 (the drawing surface) being provided with an array of forty-eight approximately equally spaced pointed projections 6 with axes normal to the drawing surface.
  • the pointed projections are of frustroconical shape with a base diameter of about inch, an altitude of about inch, and a top (point) diameter of about & inch.
  • the form of the drawing member 14 may vary depending upon the density and distribution of fibers desired for a particular application.
  • the form may be comb-like, saw-like, or, as described above, similar to an inverted bed of nails.
  • the ends of the projections may be blunt, rounded, or pointed and may be varied in diameter in accordance with the desired thickness of the filament to be drawn. (Filament thickness varies both with the size of the projections, and with the composition of the polymer solution.) Filament diameters ranging for example, from about 0.2 micron to 3 microns have proved highly satisfactory for hair styling applications.
  • the cross sections of the projections need not be circular, and there is no requirement that the projections be equally spaced, but the minimum separation between them should be sufficient to permit each filament to be cleanly formed without undue interference from the adjacent filaments.
  • the number and spacing of the projections on the drawing surface determines the number of filaments that are produced at each draw and the density of the filament skein.
  • Base plate 8 has a handle 9 at the center of one side; the opposite side is provided with an array of small storage chambers or recesses 10 spaced approximately equally from each other and so located that when the drawing member and reservoir are brought together with their perimeters in register each recess concentrically engages a corresponding projection of the drawing member 14.
  • the recesses are filled with the viscous air-drying polymer solution used to form the filaments.
  • a sheet of aluminum foil or similar puncturable sealing membrane 11 is cemented or otherwise attached to the dimpled surface of the reservoir.
  • This sealing membrane hermetically seals the solution in each of the individual small recesses from premature contact with the air and thus prevents the polymer solution from drying out or hardening before the device is to be used.
  • the drawing member is placed in alignment with the reservoir and the two components are pressed together so that each of the pointed projections of the drawing member pierces the center of the corresponding reservoir recess and so makes contact with the solution therein.
  • the drawing operation is then performed by slowly and steadily separating the drawing surface of the drawing member from the reservoir to a distance of four to ten inches or more depending upon the filament lengths desired. As this is done the viscous, stringy polymer solution adheres to the points of the projections on the drawing surface and a very fine filament of solution is drawn out between each projection of the drawing member and the corresponding reservoir recess.
  • the filaments are generally parallel to each other and can be spaced evenly or unevenly and densely or not as required depending upon the spacing of the drawing surface projections.
  • the filaments harden rapidly on contact with the air. Although of small diameter, they are relatively strong; the tensile strength is sufficiently great so that only 0.1 gram of filaments suffices to maintain an average feminine coifiFure in a styled configuration.
  • FIG. 4 Use of the drawing device for coifiure control is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • a skein of filaments 13 is first drawn to the desired length in the air away from the head and then these filaments are laid down upon the combed and styled hair, preferably across its combed direction, transversely of the hair fibers.
  • the filaments are most eflicient in controlling the hair style when they are laid across and bonded to the hair approximately perpendicular to the axes of the individual hairs.
  • an alternate procedure is to apply the filaments to the hair at the same time that they are drawn and formed.
  • the reservoir and drawing member are first pressed together causing the pointed projections on the drawing surface to contact the solution.
  • the user With one hand holding the reservoir 12, and the other hand holding the drawing member 14, the user first places the closed drawing device at the back of the head and then separates the two components and moves them slowly around the opposite sides of the head toward the top of the forehead (as best seen in FIG. 4) thus depositing a continuous skein of filaments 13 in the wake of the reservoir and drawing member. Another skein of filaments may then be formed above or below the first, and additional skeins may be drawn from the front towards the back of the head or from the top to the sides as are required to hold the style.
  • the drawing member and the reservoir are pressed back together and the drawing surface acts as a closure for the reservoir recesses, sealing them for possible reuse.
  • a variation of the basic pointed-projection and cooperating recess embodiment shown in FIG. 1 through FIG. 4 is the absorbent reservoir embodiment shown in FIG. 5.
  • a layer of absorbent material 16 about one quarter to one half inch thick (which may be natural or artificial sponge, felt, wadding, pile fabric of wool or other natural or synthetic fiber, or the like) provides a satisfactory reservoir sponge when saturated with a suitable polymer solution and housed in a shell 17 of plastic or other non-absorbent material impervious to the solution.
  • a cooperating drawing member can be constructed with a drawing surface formed from another coarser sponge or reticulate fibrous mass 18 housed in a similar non-absorbent shell 19. Such an arrangement functions in much the same way as the pointed-projection embodiment previously described.
  • the outer surfaces of the drawing member sponge 18 provide the irregular projections which draw the filaments from the saturated absorbent reservoir 16.
  • a relatively coarse sponge or reticulate mass will generate several hundred fine filaments at each draw. It has been found that the number of filaments is roughly proportional to the number of outer surface projections of the drawing member sponge. Since the surface projec tions occur between the pores, the density of the filament skein (the number of filaments drawn per square inch of drawing surface) can be controlled by selecting drawing surface sponges with an appropriate number of pores per square inch.
  • FIG. 6 shows one effective method of combating this problem
  • a flexible elastic retaining ring 20 may be provided, for example, with inner lands 22 adapted for mating with corresponding grooves 24 in the reservoir and the drawing member. After use, the reservoir and the drawing member are pressed together and the retaining ring is pushed over their peripheries to hold them in closely engaging proximity and thereby prevent unwanted evaporation of the solvent from the polymer solution and/or hardening of the solution.
  • FIG. 7 there is shown an adhesive strip 25 which serves a similar purpose.
  • This strip is typically less expensive than the retaining ring 20 of FIG. 6, and although less effective for repeated reuse is particularly suitable for the fabrication of a single-use disposable drawing device, particularly for a drawing device of the absorbentreservoir variety shown in FIG. 5.
  • a removable separator strip 30 which is impervious to the solution and which thus retains the solution in the reservoir 16 until the device is to be used. It is also possible to saturate both the reservoir 16 and the drawing member sponge 18 with the solution and thus to obviate the need for the separator strip. This alternative, however, 'has the possible disadvantage of requiring more of the solution.
  • FIG. 8 An even less expensive single-use embodiment is shown with its end broken away in section in FIG. 8.
  • This embodiment consists of a reservoir sponge 46, a drawing member sponge 48, a separator strip 40, a sealing wrapper 32, and a pull strip 34 for conveniently opening the sealing wrapper 32.
  • the reservoir sponge and the drawing surface sponge are preferably provided with relatively rigid backer strips 36 which may or may not include simple handle projection (not shown in the figure).
  • Separator strip 40 is removed prior to use of the device. Strip 40 may either be a separate part as shown in FIG. 8, or may be formed as an integral flap of sealing wrapper 32.
  • a suitable polymer solution or dispersion is determined by the requirements of the specific application.
  • the filaments should, as previously stated be adhesive to each other to produce the net, should be slightly adhesive to the hair in order to maintain the hair assembly, and yet should be relatively nonadhesive to the skin or fingers of the user.
  • the filaments should be easily removable from the hair by combing, brushing or shampooing. They should be fine enough to be invisible, yet thick enough so that added colorants can produce nets, if desired, of dilferent shades and colors.
  • the filaments should be of suitable length and should be strong enough to support themselves and to securely contain the hair mass.
  • the solution should dry almost instantly to the touch on exposure to air, it should have the proper viscosity, and it should possess an inherently stringy character, as for example an aqueous solution of high molecular weight polyethylene oxide. Good shelf life and stability is another important characteristic of an acceptable solution.
  • a second combined solution was made by mixing 60 parts by weight of polyurethane elastomer, 480 parts of methylene dichloride, 60 parts of ethanol and 60 parts of methyl chloroform using a magnetic stirrer.
  • the two combined solutions were then mixed with manual stirring in the proportion of 160 parts of the first to 330 parts of the second.
  • the mixed solution thus prepared was dyed to the desired color by adding to it a concentrated alcoholic solution of an appropriate dye or dye mixture.
  • the luster of the fibers drawn from this mixed solution was dulled by dispersing into the solution a small amount of finely divided pigment such as silica or titanium dioxide.
  • solutions or dispersions of which may be employed in the present invention are natural or synthetic rubber such as butyl rubber, polyurethanes, polymers and copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone, oxalidinone resins, high molecular weight polyethylene oxides, polystyrene and sodium silicate. They may be dissolved or dispersed in any suitable volatile liquid solvent or dispersing medium such as water, acetone, alcohol, methylene chloride, methyl chloroform, toluene, etc. If desired, any conventional fillers, dyes, tackifiers, and other compounding ingredients may be included as is well known in the art of making synthetic fibers and filaments.
  • a device for forming coiffure retaining filaments on the hair of the head comprising two mating components adapted to be separated from each other manually, at least one of said components containing a supply of air drying viscous composition of filament-forming materials and including means protecting the supply from contact with the air before use and maintaining a surface of the supply in position to come into contact with the other component at a plurality of points when the components are mated, and the mating component having a surface arranged to contact the surface of said supply at a plurality of points when the components are mated and to draw therefrom a plurality of filaments when said components are separated.
  • the device of claim 1 wherein said components are adapted to seal said composition from contact with the air when brought into engagement with one another, whereby said device may be stored between successive uses without excessive drying of the portion of said solution remaining in said components.
  • one of said components comprises a plurality of pointed projections spaced from one another and the mating component comprises a plurality of cooperating recesses similarly spaced and filled with said composition said recesses being covered with an air-tight sealing element.
  • composition is chosen so as to render said filaments adhesive to each other and to hair, but not readily adhesive to skin.
  • a method of drawing filaments about the hair of the head to retain a coiffure in place which comprises placing in proximity to the head a device as claimed in claim 1, said components being in mating relation, then separating said components from each other to draw a plurality of filaments therefrom and moving said components about the head to lay said filaments thereagainst.

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US727418A 1968-05-08 1968-05-08 Method and apparatus for coiffure control Expired - Lifetime US3519003A (en)

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US (1) US3519003A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1924555A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2008055A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1228275A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5285774A (en) * 1992-09-15 1994-02-15 Stachurski Stephen A Nape and scalp stimulator
USD371982S (en) 1995-11-17 1996-07-23 Gail Price Pin
EP2123329A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-25 Unilever PLC Use of hair care composition

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595564A (en) * 1950-01-30 1952-05-06 Budd Robert Hairdresser's guide
US2922425A (en) * 1957-04-24 1960-01-26 Gillette Co Applicator for applying liquid to hair

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2595564A (en) * 1950-01-30 1952-05-06 Budd Robert Hairdresser's guide
US2922425A (en) * 1957-04-24 1960-01-26 Gillette Co Applicator for applying liquid to hair

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5285774A (en) * 1992-09-15 1994-02-15 Stachurski Stephen A Nape and scalp stimulator
USD371982S (en) 1995-11-17 1996-07-23 Gail Price Pin
EP2123329A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-25 Unilever PLC Use of hair care composition
WO2009141381A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 Unilever Plc Hair care method
US20110120488A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2011-05-26 Andrew Richard Avery Hair care method
US8329151B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2012-12-11 Conopco, Inc. Hair care method
EA018937B1 (ru) * 2008-05-21 2013-11-29 Унилевер Н.В. Способ ухода за волосами

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DE1924555A1 (de) 1970-05-14
GB1228275A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-15
FR2008055A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-01-16

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