US3510868A - Non-linear decoder - Google Patents

Non-linear decoder Download PDF

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Publication number
US3510868A
US3510868A US577896A US3510868DA US3510868A US 3510868 A US3510868 A US 3510868A US 577896 A US577896 A US 577896A US 3510868D A US3510868D A US 3510868DA US 3510868 A US3510868 A US 3510868A
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United States
Prior art keywords
zone
voltage
decoder
signal
voltages
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Expired - Lifetime
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US577896A
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English (en)
Inventor
Andre Edouard Joseph Chatelon
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/66—Digital/analogue converters
    • H03M1/74—Simultaneous conversion
    • H03M1/78—Simultaneous conversion using ladder network
    • H03M1/785—Simultaneous conversion using ladder network using resistors, i.e. R-2R ladders

Definitions

  • a first signal generator coupled to the preliminary decoder and the stages of the register storing the most significant weight digits of the code group acts to produce a second control signal indicating the lowest voltage of the segments.
  • a second signal generator operated responsive to said first control signals and the stages of the register storing the m least significant weight digits of the code group to produce a third control signal indicating a position along the segment indicated by the second control signal.
  • a ladder attenuator and current generators are provided which respond to the second and third control signals to produce the analog signal represented by the stored code group at the output of the attenuator.
  • the present invention concerns a non-linear decoder for converting binary numbers into analog quantities.
  • Such non-linear digital to analog decoder may be used on the one hand as a decoder-expanser and on the other hand as a decoder associated to a coder-compressor, the coding being carried out by the feedback comparison method.
  • Feedback coding consists in comparing the analog value representing a number stored in a register to the signal to be coded, thus enabling to determine whether the number is too big or too small. In the first case, this number is reduced, in the second case, it is increased. These comparison operations are carried out up to the time when the voltages compared do not differ at the most by the value of one quantization step.
  • the coding is carried out according to a non-linear characteristic curve. Since the same decoder may be used for coding and for decoding, the compression and expansion characteristics are then perfectly complementary if said decoder presents reproducible characteristics.
  • Non-linear decoders which make use of a resistance network and which enable to obtain an hyperbolic characteristic are known. These resistances, the extreme values of which are in the ratio 2, must be switched in accordance with the value of the number to be decoded. But it is known that any resistance presents a certain reactance which depends upon its value. If the switching frequency is high, the effect of this reactance becomes important, and the value of the corresponding complex impedance depends upon the number to be decoded. It is thus realized that a decoder which comprises resistances having such different values is difficult to achieve and cannot provide a high accuracy.
  • the said switch pre- 3,510,868 Patented May 5, 1970 sents, when it is conducting, a series resistance (saturation resistance in the case of a transistor) which is not negligible in respect to the small value resistances of the network, and which introduces a new source of errors.
  • FIG. 1 represents a certain number of symbols used in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 2 represents the characteristic curve of the decoder according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 represents the detailed diagram of this decoder
  • FIG. 4 represents the same characteristic curve as that of FIG. 2 using a non-linear scale on the abscissae axis
  • FIG. 5 represents the elaboration circuit of the control signals of the complementary voltages.
  • a function of two variables A andB may present four possible combinations and, if one writes A B,the three other combinations are globally represented by the expression AXB.
  • FIG. 1a represents a simple AND circuit
  • FIG. 1b represents a simple OR circuit
  • Table II hereafter represents the different pedestal voltages used. It comprises the lines 1, 2, 3, reserved respectively to the value-given in quantization unit stepsof the voltage, to the reference of the voltages, and to the reference of the current generator set into operation in the circuit WR.
  • the decoding voltages corresponding to the codes of the zone 07 range between zero volt for the code the decimal equivalence of which is zero, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analogue/Digital Conversion (AREA)
US577896A 1965-09-15 1966-09-08 Non-linear decoder Expired - Lifetime US3510868A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR31509A FR1460676A (fr) 1965-09-15 1965-09-15 Décodeur non linéaire à caractéristique discontinue

Publications (1)

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US3510868A true US3510868A (en) 1970-05-05

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US577896A Expired - Lifetime US3510868A (en) 1965-09-15 1966-09-08 Non-linear decoder

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US (1) US3510868A (xx)
BE (1) BE686332A (xx)
CH (1) CH454221A (xx)
DE (1) DE1462704B2 (xx)
ES (1) ES331206A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1460676A (xx)
GB (1) GB1105717A (xx)
NL (1) NL6612942A (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3653033A (en) * 1968-06-25 1972-03-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Non-linear decoder with linear and non-linear ladder attenuators
US3694639A (en) * 1970-04-07 1972-09-26 Pierre A Deschenes Pulse code modulation digital compandor
US3984829A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-10-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for converting analog signals into PCM signals and PCM signals into analog signals
US3993992A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-11-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for converting analog signals into PCM signals and PCM signals into analog signals
US4143363A (en) * 1972-10-30 1979-03-06 Gte Automatic Electric Laboratories, Inc. Nonuniform translation between analog and digital signals by a piece-wise linear process

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1518697A (fr) * 1966-11-28 1968-03-29 Labo Cent Telecommunicat Décodeur non linéaire à caractéristique discontinue
DE2558366C2 (de) * 1974-03-11 1982-06-09 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Digital-Analog-Umsetzer, insbesondere für einen nach dem Iterativverfahren arbeitenden Codierer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290671A (en) * 1963-04-29 1966-12-06 Ibm Byte decoder
US3298017A (en) * 1963-02-04 1967-01-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Non-linear decoder
US3305855A (en) * 1962-11-08 1967-02-21 Nippon Electric Co Encoder and a decoder with nonlinear quantization
US3305857A (en) * 1963-04-17 1967-02-21 Int Standard Electric Corp Decoding equipment
US3345505A (en) * 1960-10-24 1967-10-03 Gen Precision Systems Inc Function generator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3345505A (en) * 1960-10-24 1967-10-03 Gen Precision Systems Inc Function generator
US3305855A (en) * 1962-11-08 1967-02-21 Nippon Electric Co Encoder and a decoder with nonlinear quantization
US3298017A (en) * 1963-02-04 1967-01-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Non-linear decoder
US3305857A (en) * 1963-04-17 1967-02-21 Int Standard Electric Corp Decoding equipment
US3290671A (en) * 1963-04-29 1966-12-06 Ibm Byte decoder

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3653033A (en) * 1968-06-25 1972-03-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Non-linear decoder with linear and non-linear ladder attenuators
US3694639A (en) * 1970-04-07 1972-09-26 Pierre A Deschenes Pulse code modulation digital compandor
US4143363A (en) * 1972-10-30 1979-03-06 Gte Automatic Electric Laboratories, Inc. Nonuniform translation between analog and digital signals by a piece-wise linear process
US3984829A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-10-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for converting analog signals into PCM signals and PCM signals into analog signals
US3993992A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-11-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for converting analog signals into PCM signals and PCM signals into analog signals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1460676A (fr) 1966-01-07
NL6612942A (xx) 1967-03-16
ES331206A1 (es) 1967-07-01
CH454221A (fr) 1968-04-15
GB1105717A (en) 1968-03-13
BE686332A (xx) 1967-03-02
DE1462704B2 (de) 1970-11-05
DE1462704A1 (de) 1968-12-05

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