US3509718A - Hot gas machine - Google Patents

Hot gas machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3509718A
US3509718A US754923A US3509718DA US3509718A US 3509718 A US3509718 A US 3509718A US 754923 A US754923 A US 754923A US 3509718D A US3509718D A US 3509718DA US 3509718 A US3509718 A US 3509718A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
chambers
hot
pistons
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US754923A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eberhard Fezer
Wilhelm Hohenhinnebusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fried Krupp AG
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Fried Krupp AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19671576895 external-priority patent/DE1576895A1/de
Application filed by Fried Krupp AG filed Critical Fried Krupp AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3509718A publication Critical patent/US3509718A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/02—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of open-cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/22—Rotary-piston machines or engines of internal-axis type with equidirectional movement of co-operating members at the points of engagement, or with one of the co-operating members being stationary, the inner member having more teeth or tooth- equivalents than the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2270/00—Constructional features
    • F02G2270/02—Pistons for reciprocating and rotating

Definitions

  • a hot gas machine for converting heat energy into mechanical energy which comprises first and second housing chambers variable in volume and respectively formed by first and second epitrochoidal housing means and by first and second triangular pistons having their interior subdivided into piston chambers, said pistons being rotatable in said housing means on an eccentric shaft while being interconnected by double wall pipe means, the housing chambers pertaining to said first piston forming hot chambers and the housing chambers pertaining to said second piston forming cold chambers, each hot chamber communicating with a cold chamber through passage means in said pistons which establish communication between said housing chambers and the respective piston chambers pertaining thereto, said double wall pipe having an annular intermediate section with regenerator means therein.
  • the present invention relates to a hot gas machine for converting heat energy into mechanical energy, according to which two chambers variable in volume and arranged in phase displacement are in open communication with each other and receive a quantity of working gas which in toto remains the same.
  • the contents of the one chamber representing the hot chamber is kept at a higher temperature by means of a heat exchanger forming a heater, whereas the contents of the other chamber representing the cold chamber is kept at a lower temperature by means of a heat exchanger forming a cooler, a generator being arranged in the open connection between the hot and the cold chambers.
  • Machines of this type are known as piston stroke machines with crank drive or swash plate drive. These machines have the drawback that in view of the necessary lead of movement of the hot piston arrangement with regard to the cold piston arrangement, an even larger and more expensive balancing device is required than the already large and expensive balancing device necessary for piston stroke machines.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section through a hot gas machine with the housings and pistons of the two circular piston arrangements arranged congruently with regard to each other.
  • FIG. 2 respectively illustrates in cross-section the two pistons arranged one after another in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3-10 respectively illustrate different positions of the two pistons during a rotary movement of the pistons in a hot gas machine, the housing and pistons being turned with regard to each other.
  • a hot gas machine is characterized primarily in that the volume variable chambers are formed by the individual chambers of two circular piston arrangements with two arched epitrochoidal housings with a triangular piston each, the pistons of said circular piston arrangements being interconnected through a ring pipe so as not to rotate relative to each other while being rotatable on a common eccentric shaft.
  • the three chambers of one arrangement are hot chambers and the three chambers of the other arrangement are cold chambers.
  • Each hot chamber is in communication with a cold chamber through one piston bottom opening, through a piston bottom partial chamber in the interior of the piston, and through an annular pipe sector chamber between the two pistons which contains the generator.
  • the machine has a high mechanical degree of efiiciency which exceeds that of a circular piston machine with internal combustion; because the employed circular piston arrangements are either hot or cold, an essential temperature change within the individual circular piston arrangements does not take place, and thus a distortion of structural elements which produces mechanical friction losses will be impossible.
  • the partial piston chambers are formed by partitions which extend from the center of the piston bottoms approximately normally inwardly, and it is furthermore suggested that the piston bottom openings in the hot chambers are arranged in those piston bottom portions which are considered the front portions when looking in the direction of rotation of the piston.
  • the bottom openings in the cold chambers are located in those piston portions which are the rear portions when looking in the direction of rotation of the piston.
  • the ring pipe which interconnects the respective oppositely located chambers is over a portion of its length broadened in a dis-shaped manner for receiving the generators.
  • the generators are forming part of the masses which take part in the rotary movement for which it is very simple to obtain a mass compensation in view of their symmetric position with regard to the eccentric shaft.
  • the present invention In order to obtain a most favorable heat supply to and heat withdrawal from the working gas, it is suggested according to the present invention to provide a heat exchanger in each piston chamber, said heat exchanger extending through said last mentioned chambers and leading to the end faces of the piston.
  • the surfaces of the heat exchanger are blade-shaped in such a way that a How of the heating and cooling gas through the outer surfaces of the blades is favorably influenced, and the working gas passes through the inner chamber of the blades.
  • the hot gas machine comprises two housings 1 and 2 with epitrochoidal inner contour and two triangular pistons 3 and 4 rotating therein in clockwise direction.
  • the two pistons 3 and 4 are firmly interconnected by means of a ring pipe subdivided into three ring pipe chambers 5, said pistons 3 and 4 being mounted on an eccentric shaft 6.
  • the inner volume of the pistons 3 and 4 is subdivided by partitions 7 into three piston chambers 8 and 9 respectively.
  • a heat exchanger which in the hot arrangement 1, 3 is formed by a heater 10 and in the cold arrangement 2, 4 is formed by a cooler 11.
  • the piston chambers 8 and 9 communicate through openings 12 and 13 in the piston bottom with the chambers 14 and 15 on one hand and through the ring pipe sectional chambers 5 are in pairs in open communication with each other.
  • the chambers 5 are in the middle between pistons 3 and 4 widened and contain regenerators 16 which during the fiow of hot working gases therethrough absorb heat, store the same and during the subsequent fiow of the now cold working gas in reverse direction convey the stored heat again to the working gas.
  • the heat exchangers 10, 11 passed through by the working gas are acted upon by an intermediate medium which in the hot as well as in the cold arrangement flows around the inner housing chamber in a respective closed circuit 17, 18.
  • the flow of the intermediate medium is produced by the movement of the pistons 3 and 4 in combination with a blade-shaped design of the surfaces of the heat exchangers 10 and 11.
  • the intermediate medium of the hot arrangement is heated up by the heated up hot gas which passes through the conduits 19 and through burners 20. Prior to entering the burners 20, the combustion air is passed through preheating conduits 21.
  • the intermediate medium is cooled by the cooling gas which delivered by a blower 22 passes through cooling gas guiding means 23 which similar to the hot gas guiding means 19 are so designed that they will assure a best possible heat transfer.
  • the housings 1, 2 and pistons 3, 4 are offset with regard to each other.
  • the piston chambers 24 and 25 are associated with each other.
  • the direction of rotation of the pistons 3, 4 is counterclockwise.
  • FIG. 3 shows the positions for the smallest volume.
  • the highest pressure will again 1n view of the heat exchange occur only with the positions of FIG. 6.
  • an expansion will start.
  • the largest volume will again be obtained when the piston positions are those of FIG. 7 which correspond to those of FIG. 3.
  • the pertaining chambers are, however, in this instance located in the lower housing section. The further course of the changes in the volume according to FIGS.
  • a hot gas machine for converting heat energy into mechanical energy which includes: first housing means with epitrochoidal inner contour, second housing means with epitrochoidal inner contour, first and second hollow rotary pistons with triangular outer contour respectively rotatable in said first and second housing means and defining therewith three housing chambers variable in volume in conformity with the rotary movement of said pistons, each of said pistons having its interior partitioned into three piston chambers and each of said piston chambers being provided with a peripheral opening establishing communication between the respective piston chamber and the respective adjacent housing chamber, eccentric shaft means rotatably supporting said first and second pistons, double wall pipe means defining annular passage means and fixedly interconnecting said first and second pistons for rotation in unison about said eccentric shaft means, said annular passage means being partitioned into three sectional passages respectively connecting the piston chambers of said first piston with the piston chambers of said second piston, a plurality of first heat exchanger means in the form of heater means respectively arranged in said first piston chambers to heat the same, second heat exchanger means respectively
  • a hot gas machine in which said piston chambers are formed partially by the outer piston walls and by partition walls extending from the central portion of said outer walls approximately vertically thereto to the respective adjacent portion of said double wall pipe means, and in which the peripheral openings establishing communication between the respective piston chamber pertaining to said first piston and the respective adjacent housing chamber are arranged in those outer piston walls of said first piston which in the direction of rotation of said first piston are located in front and in which the peripheral openings establishing communication between the respective piston chamber pertaining to said second piston and the respective adjacent second pistons are offset with regard to each other in 5 respect to the axis of the eccentric shaft means.
  • a hot gas machine in which said double wall pipe means is between said first and second housing means provided with a radially outwardly extending hollow disc-shaped portion, and in which said regenerator means are located within said hollow disc means.
  • a hot gas machine in which the surfaces of the heat exchanger means are provided with blades which are designed so that the flow of the 20 heating and cooling gases is aided by the outer surfaces of said blades and that Working gas passing through said 6 heat exchanger means moves through the inner space of said blades.
  • a hot gas machine which includes means for passing an intermediate medium of constant quantity to said heat exchangers for actuating the same, said intermediate medium being in heat exchange with said heating means and cooling means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
US754923A 1967-08-25 1968-08-23 Hot gas machine Expired - Lifetime US3509718A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671576895 DE1576895A1 (de) 1967-08-25 1967-08-25 Heissgasmaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3509718A true US3509718A (en) 1970-05-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US754923A Expired - Lifetime US3509718A (en) 1967-08-25 1968-08-23 Hot gas machine

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3509718A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1584164A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1230153A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762167A (en) * 1970-04-10 1973-10-02 Daimler Benz Ag Hot-gas rotary piston engine
US3853437A (en) * 1973-10-18 1974-12-10 Us Army Split cycle cryogenic cooler with rotary compressor
US3958421A (en) * 1974-01-08 1976-05-25 Kelly Donald A Rotary closed parallel cycle engine systems
US3998054A (en) * 1975-04-16 1976-12-21 Whitestone Bruce G Rotary mechanism with improved volume displacement characteristics
US4206604A (en) * 1978-04-18 1980-06-10 Steven Reich Rotary Stirling cycle machine
US4938025A (en) * 1986-11-24 1990-07-03 3D International A/S Power conversion machine having pistons which are moved in a turning movement in a spherical housing
WO1993007425A1 (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-04-15 Fineblum Engineering Corp. Heat pump system and heat pump device using a constant flow reverse stirling cycle
US5442923A (en) * 1992-11-12 1995-08-22 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh Rotary compressor or rotary displacement pump
US6241493B1 (en) 1999-08-17 2001-06-05 Spherical Machines, Inc. Spherical fluid machine with control mechanism
US20060064976A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Masami Sakita External combustion engine
US20060242960A1 (en) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-02 Herring John A Hybrid engine
US7214045B2 (en) 1999-08-17 2007-05-08 Spherical Machines, Inc. Spherical fluid machine with flow control mechanism
US20070245727A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2007-10-25 Benson Mark C Bicycle thermodynamic engine
US20080120975A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-05-29 Jiri Frolik Stirling Thermodynamic cycle rotary thermal machine
US20090241536A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2009-10-01 Gale Richard A Stirling Engine Having a Rotary Power Piston in a Chamber that Rotates with the Output Drive
US7677039B1 (en) * 2005-12-20 2010-03-16 Fleck Technologies, Inc. Stirling engine and associated methods
DE102009017493A1 (de) * 2009-04-16 2011-01-20 Verplancke, Philippe, Dr. Wärmekraftmaschine
US8087242B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2012-01-03 Hanson Goodwin F Stirling cycle epitrochoidal heat engine
CN103423021A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-12-04 江苏大学 一种新型对喷转子式外燃机气缸及对喷转子式外燃机
US20140109598A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Hyundai Motor Company Stirling refrigerator for vehicle
US20140178237A1 (en) * 2011-05-13 2014-06-26 Brian Davis Heat engine with linear actuators
US8978618B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2015-03-17 Brian Davis Heat engine
US9086013B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2015-07-21 Ethan W Franklin Gerotor rotary Stirling cycle engine
US12116925B1 (en) * 2024-06-05 2024-10-15 Dale Warner Rotary engine with dual axis rotor rotation

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103437907A (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-12-11 韩志群 园轴温差发动机
CN103423022B (zh) * 2013-07-26 2015-08-05 江苏大学 一种转子式外燃机气缸及转子式外燃机
CN110206657B (zh) * 2019-07-03 2023-12-19 中国科学院理化技术研究所 一种热滞后型自由活塞斯特林发电机

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR962996A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1950-06-28
US3370418A (en) * 1966-10-24 1968-02-27 Donald A. Kelly Rotary stirling cycle engines
US3426525A (en) * 1967-08-10 1969-02-11 Gotthard G Rubin Rotary piston external combustion engine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR962996A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1950-06-28
US3370418A (en) * 1966-10-24 1968-02-27 Donald A. Kelly Rotary stirling cycle engines
US3426525A (en) * 1967-08-10 1969-02-11 Gotthard G Rubin Rotary piston external combustion engine

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762167A (en) * 1970-04-10 1973-10-02 Daimler Benz Ag Hot-gas rotary piston engine
US3853437A (en) * 1973-10-18 1974-12-10 Us Army Split cycle cryogenic cooler with rotary compressor
US3958421A (en) * 1974-01-08 1976-05-25 Kelly Donald A Rotary closed parallel cycle engine systems
US3998054A (en) * 1975-04-16 1976-12-21 Whitestone Bruce G Rotary mechanism with improved volume displacement characteristics
US4206604A (en) * 1978-04-18 1980-06-10 Steven Reich Rotary Stirling cycle machine
US4938025A (en) * 1986-11-24 1990-07-03 3D International A/S Power conversion machine having pistons which are moved in a turning movement in a spherical housing
WO1993007425A1 (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-04-15 Fineblum Engineering Corp. Heat pump system and heat pump device using a constant flow reverse stirling cycle
US5239833A (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-08-31 Fineblum Engineering Corp. Heat pump system and heat pump device using a constant flow reverse stirling cycle
US5442923A (en) * 1992-11-12 1995-08-22 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh Rotary compressor or rotary displacement pump
US6241493B1 (en) 1999-08-17 2001-06-05 Spherical Machines, Inc. Spherical fluid machine with control mechanism
US7214045B2 (en) 1999-08-17 2007-05-08 Spherical Machines, Inc. Spherical fluid machine with flow control mechanism
US7937939B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2011-05-10 Mark Christopher Benson Bicycle thermodynamic engine
US20070245727A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2007-10-25 Benson Mark C Bicycle thermodynamic engine
US20060064976A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Masami Sakita External combustion engine
US7178324B2 (en) 2004-09-24 2007-02-20 Masami Sakita External combustion engine
US7549289B2 (en) 2005-05-02 2009-06-23 John Alexander Herring Hybrid engine
US20060242960A1 (en) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-02 Herring John A Hybrid engine
US7677039B1 (en) * 2005-12-20 2010-03-16 Fleck Technologies, Inc. Stirling engine and associated methods
US20090241536A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2009-10-01 Gale Richard A Stirling Engine Having a Rotary Power Piston in a Chamber that Rotates with the Output Drive
US20080120975A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-05-29 Jiri Frolik Stirling Thermodynamic cycle rotary thermal machine
DE102009017493B4 (de) 2009-04-16 2014-08-21 Philippe Verplancke Wärmekraftmaschine
DE102009017493A1 (de) * 2009-04-16 2011-01-20 Verplancke, Philippe, Dr. Wärmekraftmaschine
US20120067041A1 (en) * 2009-04-16 2012-03-22 Philippe Verplancke Heat Engine
US8087242B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2012-01-03 Hanson Goodwin F Stirling cycle epitrochoidal heat engine
US8978618B2 (en) 2011-05-13 2015-03-17 Brian Davis Heat engine
US20140178237A1 (en) * 2011-05-13 2014-06-26 Brian Davis Heat engine with linear actuators
US10208599B2 (en) * 2011-05-13 2019-02-19 Brian Davis Heat engine with linear actuators
CN103776190A (zh) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-07 现代自动车株式会社 用于车辆的斯特林制冷机
US20140109598A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Hyundai Motor Company Stirling refrigerator for vehicle
US9086013B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2015-07-21 Ethan W Franklin Gerotor rotary Stirling cycle engine
CN103423021A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-12-04 江苏大学 一种新型对喷转子式外燃机气缸及对喷转子式外燃机
CN103423021B (zh) * 2013-07-26 2015-08-26 江苏大学 一种新型对喷转子式外燃机气缸及对喷转子式外燃机
US12116925B1 (en) * 2024-06-05 2024-10-15 Dale Warner Rotary engine with dual axis rotor rotation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1584164A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-12
GB1230153A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-28

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