US3504874A - Parachute - Google Patents

Parachute Download PDF

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Publication number
US3504874A
US3504874A US708228A US3504874DA US3504874A US 3504874 A US3504874 A US 3504874A US 708228 A US708228 A US 708228A US 3504874D A US3504874D A US 3504874DA US 3504874 A US3504874 A US 3504874A
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United States
Prior art keywords
canopy
parachute
tissue
slots
air
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Expired - Lifetime
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US708228A
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English (en)
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Pierre Marcel Lemoigne
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D17/00—Parachutes
    • B64D17/02—Canopy arrangement or construction
    • B64D17/14—Canopy arrangement or construction with skirt or air-deflecting panels

Definitions

  • a plurality of second ribbons substantially parallel one to the other attached to the canopy periphery, the second ribbons being perpendicular to the first ribbons.
  • the two groups of rib- bons forming substantially square shaped frames in the center portion of the canopy, and forming with the periphery of the canopy some triangular shaped frames adjacent the periphery.
  • Tissue panels disposed within each square and triangular frame so as to close the opening defined thereby, some of the panels having slot openings providing air flow from the lower to the upper canopy surface in -a rearward direction.
  • the canopy also has a truncated pyramid at its center portion, means for regulating the slot, stabilizer panels, and varying porosity panel material.
  • the present invention relates ⁇ to a new parachute, notably for use by paratroops, and also as a sport parachute.
  • the present invention aims at a new parachute obviating or mitigating these various drawbacks, permitting the manufacture of a parachute whose projected tissue area is greater, for the same tissue surface, than in parachutes known until now, which achieves a considerable saving in raw materials; whose manufacture is easier than the known 'one which starts from gores, and whose gliding and steering capacities are superior to those of parachutes known up to the present.
  • the present invention is a parachute having a canopy which is subdivided into elementary tissue panels, square in shape, each of said elementary panels being edged by a reinforcing ribbon sewn to the said panel and to the adjacent panel, the said reinforcement ribbons being directed, some parallel to the one axis of the canopy, and others perpendicular to this axis, and in which at least someof the said elementary panels are provided with tissue slots allowing the air to escape from the interior to the exterior of the canopy, directing this air, appreciably parallel to the aforesaid axis, in the same direction, in order to impose a component of horizontal movement in the opposed direction to the said parachute.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan of the canopy of a parachute according tothe invention
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation of the same canopy
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of another embodiment of the canopy of a parachute ⁇ according to the invention; particularly applicable to sport parachuting;
  • FIG. .4 is an elevation of the canopy in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial section on a vertical plane from the apex of the canopy in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. .6 is a detail of the centre of the canopy in FIG. 4.
  • the canopy shown in FIGS. l and 2 is made up for the most part by tissue elements assembled together, following parallel lines along the longitudinal axis XX (which will be defined later), and parallel to the transverse axis YY. All the assembly lines are reinforced by ribbons 2 parallel to axis XX' and by ribbons 4 parallel to axis YY.
  • the main part of the surface of the canopy is thus divided into square units, each surrounded by reinforcement ribbons.
  • certain elements are provided in the form of right-angled triangles, such as 8, to give the canopy, seen in plan, a polygonic shape which can be appreciably inscribed in a circle.
  • certain marginal elements such as 10-12 are rectangular in shape.
  • the entire periphery of the canopy is bordered by reinforcement ribbon 14.
  • the canopy of the parachute according to the invention is made up by a longitudinal and transverse assembly of ribbons and tissue panels, which greatly facilitates manufacture and avoids much waste of tissue, while allowing, because of the longitudinal and transverse stiffening ensured by the reinforcing ribbons arranged in both these directions, the making of a flatter canopy than the known canopies with radiating gores up to the present.
  • the canopy is iiatter, the ratio between the projected and real surfaces of the canopy is obviously more favorable.
  • the hollow of the canopy is in the order of 0.15 to 0.30.
  • certain at least of the elementary panels of square or rectangular shape are each provided with a tissue slot whose opening is directed backwards, i.e. in the direction of arrow 116 (FIG. l) in order to pass air from the interior to the exterior of the canopy, this air being directed appreciably tangentially to the canopy and towards the rear (as shown by arrows 18 in FIG. 2).
  • Certain of these slots can have a particular shape, producing not only channeling of the air, but also acceleration.
  • a parachute 1 In a parachute 1according to the invention, various types of air-escape slot can be used, which have different shapes and functions.
  • simple panels 22 can be provided, having a slightly trapezoidal ilat shape, joined to the adjacent panels on three of their edges, so as to leave the rear edge free for the escape of air by an Iappreciably segment-shaped orifice.
  • accelerating slots of convergent shape can be provided, such as 24, while on the marginal strips lifting slots 26 of the balloon type are preferably arnanged, with a steering shape. These last slots have a pronounced lifting effect, and tend to spread the edges of the canopy, contributing to the desired flattening.
  • Rigging-lines 28-303234 sixteen in number in the example shown, are joined to the rangles of the canopy, at the connecting points of the longitudinal, transverse and edge-reinforcement ribbons.
  • the four rigging-lines of each group are united on a riser in the usual way, and the four risers are connected to the harness worn by the parachutist.
  • Tissue panels 36 forming steering or drift stabilizers, are stretched between the upper part of the lateral rigging-lines.
  • the central square of the canopy is covered by at least four tissue panels 38 of triangular shape, giving this part of the canopy the shape of a attened pyramid whose apex 40 is open, forming the esc-ape chimney.
  • the extractor chute 42, or the static-line bridle, is Iattached to the apex of the pyramid.
  • this pyramidal central part of the canopy facilities deployment by separating the neighbouring parts of the canopy.
  • a parachute such as that just described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 is particularly suitable asa jumping parachute, e.g. for paratroops, the steering and braking movements, etc., being effected by activating one or another of the four risers connected to the groups 28-30-32-34 of rigging-lines.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 another type of embodiment of a parachute according to the invention, which has all the features already described with reference to the embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, but which comprises in addition means of complementary action on the air-escape slots so as to permit more precise manoeuvres.
  • a parachute would be particularly suitable as a sport parachute.
  • a slot 24' normally open at both ends, and into which the preceding slot 24 blows, the rear edge of slot 24 being closed again by means of a control-line 44 (FIG. 4), extended to within the reach of the parachutist.
  • Such a slot when its rear opening is thus closed, acts as a flow-inverter and produces a very pronounced braking (or steering) effect.
  • a ow-inverting slot 46 and 48 is also preferably arranged,
  • controlline 50-52 (FIG. 4).
  • the three control-lines 44-50-52 are united into a single line 54 which permits, by the united movement of both lines S4, vigorous braking or turning of the canopy. In competition, very -precise movements can thus be obtained.
  • two triangular openings with a regulable section 56 is preferably provided on the rear of the pyramidal part 38 at the apex of the canopy. In a normal position, these openings allow the air to escape backwards, from the interior to the exterior of the canopy, as shown by arrow 58 in FIG. 4.
  • a control-line 60 (FIGS. 4 and 5) extended down within reach of the parachutist. When this line is pulled, an inversion of llow is also produced, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • Control line 60 is joined to another line 62 ending at the apex of the pyramidal part 38 of the canopy, and allowing this pyramidal part to be flattened.
  • control-lines 60-62 ' are preferably surrounded by protective tissue sleeves preventing friction against the canopy on opening.
  • a parachute of this type can be provided with one or more central rigging-lines 64, likewise protected by a tissue sleeve (FIG. 5).
  • central rigging-lines 64 as well as the control lines 62, can pass through a ring 66 (FIGS. 5 and 6) which is kept essentially in the base-plane of the pyramidal part by cruciform bridles 68.
  • the control line 54 for the slots 24-46-48 can likewisc be joined to a line 70 hooked to the lower angle of the lateral stabiliser panel 36 so as to curve the panel forwards, and increase the braking or turning effected produced by pulling on line 54.
  • a parachute having a canopy comprising a circumferential strip defining the periphery of said canopy and dening a front portion and a rear portion thereof; a plurality of first ribbons attached to said strip so as to extend in substantially parallel relationship between circumferentially spaced points on said front portion and circumferentially spaced points on said rear portion; a plurality of substantially parallel second ribbons attached to said strip so as to extend perpendicular to said first ribbons to form therewith a plurality of substantially square shaped frames, some of said second ribbons forming with said first ribbons and with said strip a plurality of peripheral frames of substantially triangular shape; a panel disposed within and secured to each of said square and triangular frames so as to close the openings dened thereby, at least one of said panels having a slot opening providing air flow from the lower to the upper canopy surface and over the upper canopy surface in a direction towards said rear portion; at least one central rigging-line connecting the canopy center to the parachute harness in order to limit the hollow of the deployed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
US708228A 1967-03-03 1968-02-26 Parachute Expired - Lifetime US3504874A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR97289A FR1520735A (fr) 1967-03-03 1967-03-03 Nouveau parachute

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3504874A true US3504874A (en) 1970-04-07

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ID=8626281

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US708228A Expired - Lifetime US3504874A (en) 1967-03-03 1968-02-26 Parachute

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3504874A (fr)
BE (1) BE711557A (fr)
DE (1) DE1988884U (fr)
FR (1) FR1520735A (fr)
GB (1) GB1186631A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3690603A (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-09-12 Etudes Et Fab Aeronautiques Arrangement for increasing the lift and/or sustaining power of sails, and sails including this arrangement
US3809342A (en) * 1968-10-04 1974-05-07 P Lemoigne Parachute
FR2321421A1 (fr) * 1975-08-19 1977-03-18 Brueggemann & Brand Kg Parachute a volets
WO1997044242A1 (fr) * 1996-05-20 1997-11-27 Para-Flite, Inc. Systeme de parachute cruciforme
US6769649B2 (en) * 2001-12-07 2004-08-03 Atair Aerospace, Inc. Ram air parachute canopy with improved nose structure
US20050284985A1 (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-12-29 Fox Roy L Jr Quonset type parachute
US7261258B1 (en) 2005-09-23 2007-08-28 Fox Jr Roy L Cruciform parachute design
US7997535B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2011-08-16 Milan Babovka Life parachute especially for ultra-lightweight aircrafts

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2501670A (en) * 1948-02-12 1950-03-28 Gordon L Fogal Parachute
US2527553A (en) * 1946-12-09 1950-10-31 Ingels Marion Hunt Variable porosity material for parachutes
US3228636A (en) * 1962-11-14 1966-01-11 Lemoigne Pierre Marcel Parachute
US3228635A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-01-11 Capital Parachuting Entpr Controllable parachutes
US3289976A (en) * 1963-10-29 1966-12-06 Lemoigne Pierre Marcel Aircraft

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2527553A (en) * 1946-12-09 1950-10-31 Ingels Marion Hunt Variable porosity material for parachutes
US2501670A (en) * 1948-02-12 1950-03-28 Gordon L Fogal Parachute
US3228636A (en) * 1962-11-14 1966-01-11 Lemoigne Pierre Marcel Parachute
US3228635A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-01-11 Capital Parachuting Entpr Controllable parachutes
US3289976A (en) * 1963-10-29 1966-12-06 Lemoigne Pierre Marcel Aircraft

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3809342A (en) * 1968-10-04 1974-05-07 P Lemoigne Parachute
US3690603A (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-09-12 Etudes Et Fab Aeronautiques Arrangement for increasing the lift and/or sustaining power of sails, and sails including this arrangement
FR2321421A1 (fr) * 1975-08-19 1977-03-18 Brueggemann & Brand Kg Parachute a volets
WO1997044242A1 (fr) * 1996-05-20 1997-11-27 Para-Flite, Inc. Systeme de parachute cruciforme
US5839695A (en) * 1996-05-20 1998-11-24 Para-Flite, Inc. Cruciform parachute design
EP0900163A1 (fr) * 1996-05-20 1999-03-10 Para-Flite, Inc. Systeme de parachute cruciforme
EP0900163A4 (fr) * 1996-05-20 2000-01-26 Para Flite Inc Systeme de parachute cruciforme
US6769649B2 (en) * 2001-12-07 2004-08-03 Atair Aerospace, Inc. Ram air parachute canopy with improved nose structure
US20050284985A1 (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-12-29 Fox Roy L Jr Quonset type parachute
US6994295B2 (en) * 2004-03-01 2006-02-07 Fox Jr Roy L Quonset type parachute
US7261258B1 (en) 2005-09-23 2007-08-28 Fox Jr Roy L Cruciform parachute design
US7997535B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2011-08-16 Milan Babovka Life parachute especially for ultra-lightweight aircrafts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1186631A (en) 1970-04-02
BE711557A (fr) 1968-09-02
FR1520735A (fr) 1968-04-12
DE1988884U (de) 1968-07-04

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