US3502561A - Alkali-chlorine cell having a horizontal mercury cathode - Google Patents

Alkali-chlorine cell having a horizontal mercury cathode Download PDF

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Publication number
US3502561A
US3502561A US664349A US3502561DA US3502561A US 3502561 A US3502561 A US 3502561A US 664349 A US664349 A US 664349A US 3502561D A US3502561D A US 3502561DA US 3502561 A US3502561 A US 3502561A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cell
steel
mushroom
aluminum
mercury cathode
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Expired - Lifetime
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US664349A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wilhelm Rasche
Ewald Wygasch
Gotthard Csizi
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
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Publication of US3502561A publication Critical patent/US3502561A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/30—Cells comprising movable electrodes, e.g. rotary electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/303—Cells comprising movable electrodes, e.g. rotary electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof comprising horizontal-type liquid electrode
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/033—Liquid electrodes

Definitions

  • An electrolytic cell having a horizontal mercury cathode for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alakli metal chlorides by the amalgam method consists of aluminum onto which a thin layer of steel has been applied and then onto that a chemically resistant, electrically insulating material. Current is supplied by means of mushroomshaped members extending through the bottom of the cell, said members being distributed over the bottom of the electrolytic cell in a definite number and arrangement.
  • the cells conventionally used for the electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride solutions having horizontal mercury cathode are made of steel, the inner surfaces being lined with a chemically resistant, electrically insulating material, for example hard rubber, in order to protect the walls and bottom of the cell from corrosive influences.
  • a chemically resistant, electrically insulating material for example hard rubber
  • Aluminum is such a material, but it has the disadvantage that it is attacked by chlorine far more readily than steel and that it is not resistant to mercury. Protecting the aluminum cell by a lining of a chemically resistant material, for example hard rubber, is not sufficient because such a protective layer is damaged fairly easily and then the cell is destroyed in a very short time owing to the low resistance of aluminum.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide electrolytic cells which consist essentially of aluminum so that the favorable properties of aluminum (i.e. higher specific conductivity and lower specific gravity than steel) are fully utilized without the above-mentioned disadvantages occurring.
  • an electrolytic cell made of a metallic material and having a horizontal mercury cathode for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides by the amalgam method, the Walls and bottom of the cell being lined with a chemically resistant, electrically insulating material and mushroom-shaped members extending through the bottom of the cell for the supply of current to the mercury cathode, by applying to the aluminum cell a thin layer of steel and by making the number of mushroom-shaped members per square meter of bottom surface, in dependence on the desired current density i (ka./ sq.
  • the diameter d (m) of the shaft of the mushroom at least correspond to the value calculated from the formula the mushrooms being uniformly distributed in parallel rows and staggered in adjacent rows by an amount of 0.5 to 1 times the diameter of the shaft of a mushroom, and the diameter of the mushroom shaft satisfying the condition:
  • the aluminum is effectively protected from attack by chlorine and mercury by the steel layer and the lining of chemically resistant material applied to the steel layer. Even if the hard rubber lining which is in contact with chlorine and mercury is damaged, the layer of steel can withstand these two reagents at least until the defect is detected and the cell is shut off. It is entirely adequate to apply the steel layer to the aluminum in a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm., preferably 0.2 to 0.3 mm.
  • the layer of steel may be applied to the aluminum by any known procedure.
  • a deep-drawing steel foil having the abovementioned thickness may be firmly bonded with the aluminum trough by an adhesive. This bond is not loosened in the operation of the cell provided the other feature of the present invention relating to the distribution of the mushroom-shaped members serving to supply current is fulfilled.
  • temperatures up to about 60 C. occur in the operation of an electrolytic cell. At these temperatures, stresses attributable to the different coefficients of expansion of steel and aluminum are fairly high and, without the distribution of the current supply members in accordance with this invention would destroy the combination of the two metal-s.
  • An electrolytic cell made of metallic material and having a horizontal mercury cathode for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides by the amalgam method, the. walls and the bottom of the cell being provided with a lining of chemically resistant, electrically insulating material and mushrobm-shaped mem-" bers, extending through the bottom of the cell, being provided for the supply of current, wherein the electrolytici cell consists of aluminum onto which a thin layer of steel has been applied and the number of mushroom-shaped members per square meter of the area of the bottom corresponds at' 'least to the value calculated from the formula in dependence on'the desired current density t tka.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
US664349A 1966-09-05 1967-08-30 Alkali-chlorine cell having a horizontal mercury cathode Expired - Lifetime US3502561A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB0088779 1966-09-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3502561A true US3502561A (en) 1970-03-24

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ID=6984463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US664349A Expired - Lifetime US3502561A (en) 1966-09-05 1967-08-30 Alkali-chlorine cell having a horizontal mercury cathode

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3502561A (xx)
BE (1) BE703495A (xx)
GB (1) GB1189327A (xx)
SE (1) SE320960B (xx)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5333650A (en) * 1993-03-17 1994-08-02 Flexon Industries Corporation Hose coupling with a stiffening sleeve

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1259222A (xx) * 1969-07-22 1972-01-05

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB667477A (en) * 1949-03-07 1952-03-05 Basf Ag Improvements in electrolytic cells
US3042602A (en) * 1960-10-25 1962-07-03 Oronzio De Nora Impianti Horizontal electrolytic cell

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB667477A (en) * 1949-03-07 1952-03-05 Basf Ag Improvements in electrolytic cells
GB705541A (en) * 1949-03-07 1954-03-17 Basf Ag Improvements in electrolytic cells
US3042602A (en) * 1960-10-25 1962-07-03 Oronzio De Nora Impianti Horizontal electrolytic cell

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5333650A (en) * 1993-03-17 1994-08-02 Flexon Industries Corporation Hose coupling with a stiffening sleeve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1189327A (en) 1970-04-22
BE703495A (xx) 1968-03-05
SE320960B (xx) 1970-02-23

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