US3494101A - Method and apparatus for deaerating liquid suspensions - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for deaerating liquid suspensions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3494101A
US3494101A US677940A US67794067A US3494101A US 3494101 A US3494101 A US 3494101A US 677940 A US677940 A US 677940A US 67794067 A US67794067 A US 67794067A US 3494101 A US3494101 A US 3494101A
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stock
shell
suspension
chamber
supply pipe
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US677940A
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English (en)
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Nils Anders Lennart Wikdahl
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/26—De-aeration of paper stock

Definitions

  • FIG.2 A. L. WIKDAHL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DEAERATING LIQUID SUSPENSIONS Filed 061;. 25. 1967 FIG.2
  • FIG.1 A first figure.
  • This invention relates generally to new and useful improvements in the removal of air or other gases from liquids and particularly seeks to provide a novel method and apparatus for the deaeration of aqueous suspensions of cellulosic fibers such as those commonly employed in the manufacture of paper, paperboard or sheeted pulp.
  • gases mostly air
  • gases are present in three different forms, namely (a) as free gases easy to remove, (b) as free or entrained gases diflicult to remove and (c) as gases dissolved in the liquid.
  • an object of this invention is to provide a novel method and apparatus for removing gases from liquids and particularly for deaerating fibrous stock suspensions.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method of the character stated in which an aqueous stock suspension is continuously admitted to a vacuum chamber as a continuous or uninterrupted film flowing along the inner walls thereof, and the vacuum in the chamber is maintained at a degree suflicient to cause a minor portion of the water to be vaporized through boiling and to release air therefrom.
  • the absolute pressure in the degasifying chamber must consequently be somewhat lower than the boiling point pressure corresponding to the temperature of the suspension.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method of the character stated in which the deaerated stock is discharged from the vacuum chamber and the removed air and vapor are extracted through a condenser associated with the vacuum chamber.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide apparatus of the character stated which includes a vertically disposed cylindrical vacuum chamber, means for injecting a continuous stream of stock onto the inner walls of the vacuum chamber as an essentially downwardly flowing continuous or uninterrupted film to permit the water of the stock to boil and partly vaporize to effect the removal of air therefrom, and a vertically disposed contact condenser positioned within the vacuum chamber for condensing and ejecting the removed vapor and gases.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide apparatus of the character stated in which the stock is supplied through an axially disposed pipe having its upper end terminating adjacent the top of the vacuum chamber to define in combination therewith a circumferential slot that effects uniform distribution of the stock onto the full periphery of the inner wall of the vacuum chamber.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide apparatus of the character stated in which the central portion of the top of the vacuum chamber is provided with an adjustable diaphragm in juxtaposition with the upper end of the stock supply pipe to regulate the area of the circumferential slot and thus regulate the flow rate of stock admitted to the vacuum chamber.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide apparatus of the character stated in which the jet condenser is constructed concentrically with the stock supply pipe.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a modification of the apparatus in which the top of the vacuum chamber is solid and in which the upper end of the stock supply pipe is provided internally with an inflatable venturi-like sleeve having a variable orifice.
  • FIG, 1 is a vertical section schematically showing one form of apparatus constructed in accordance with this invention which may be used in practicing the method of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing a modification of the devices for controlling the flow and distribution of the incoming stock.
  • a deaerator including an outer vertical shell generally indicated 5 having a relatively large diameter cylindrical upper portion 6 provided with an integral domed top 7 having a central aperture 8 closed by a removable cover 9.
  • the upper shell portion 6 terminates at its lower end in a frusto-conical section 10 which in turn terminates in a smaller diameter cylindrical lower portion 11 having a frusto-conical bottom 12 and a flanged outlet 13.
  • the lower end of the outer shell 5 extends downwardly through a mounting plate 14 and is rigidly aflixed thereto as by gusset plates 15.
  • a stock supply pipe 16 extends axially upwardly from the shell bottom 12 and is provided at its upper end with a flared outlet 17 in proximity to the aperture 8 in the shell top 7.
  • the aperture 8 is covered by a flexible diaphragm 18, which together with the flared outlet 17 of the stock supply pipe 16 defines a circumferential slot 19 for com plete radial distribution of undeaerated stock onto the inner surface of the top 7 from which it flows downwardly as a continuous or uninterrupted film over the entire surfaces of the shell walls.
  • film it is intended to mean that the flowing stock would have a nominal thickness of about mm., for example, but this thickness could vary rather widely on either side of that figure without appreciably affecting the efliciency of deaeration.
  • a condenser is constructed concentrically around the supply pipe 16 and includes an inner tube or shell 22 having a top aperture 23 and a closed bottom 24 sealed around the supply pipe and provided with a flanged outlet 25 extending outwardly through the bottom 12 of the shell 5.
  • the upper end of the tube 22 terminates adjacent the flared outlet 17 of the supply pipe 16.
  • An outer condenser tube or shell 26, having a funnel-shaped open top end 27, in general horizontal alignment with the bottom of the main upper shell portion 6, is concentrically disposed around the inner shell 22 and has a closed bottom 28 sealed around the bottom 24 of the shell 22 and is provided with a flanged outlet 29.
  • a deep skirt 30 is concentric with the upper end of the inner shell 22 and extends downwardly from the flared outlet 17 of the supply pipe 16 into association with the funnel-shaped upper end 27 of the shell 26.
  • Coolant liquid for the condenser is introduced into the upper part of the space 31 through a supply pipe 34 that enters the unit adjacent the bottom thereof and extends upwardly through the space 32 and terminates at its upper end in an annular shower head 35.
  • FIG, 2 of the drawings there is illustrated a modification of the above described apparatus in which an outer shell generally indicated 36 includes a relatively large diameter upper cylindrical portion 37 corresponding to the portion 6 of the shell 5, closed at its top by an unbroken domed end 38.
  • An axial stock supply pipe 39 corresponding to the supply pipe 16, is provided at its upper end with a relatively large diameter closure disc 40 having a central aperture 41.
  • a double-walled venturi nozzle 42 formed from an elastomeric material such as rubber, is retained within the upper end of the stock supply pipe 39 and is provided with an annular cavity 43 adapted to receive water or other fluid under controllable pressure from a supply pipe 44 to controllably vary the configuratlon and orifice diameter of the venturi.
  • the deaerating unit receives heated stock from a pulp mill, bleach plant, or other source at the temperature naturally reached as the result of prior process operations.
  • a temperature is generally well below that of boiling, although it could for example lie within the range of -140 F.
  • the deaerating portion of the unit defined primarily by the shell portions 6 and 10 is maintained under a vacuum such that the absolute pressure therein is kept somewhat lower than the boiling point pressure corresponding to the actual temperature of the admitted stock.
  • the outlet 25 is connected to a Vacuum pump (not shown) to create the desired vacuum in the deaerating chamber through the spaces 32 and 31. Cooling liquid is sprayed onto the inner surface of the skirt 30 and falls together with condensate absorbed thereby from the lower end thereof as a curtain into the space 33 from which it is discharged through outlet 29.
  • the released air and vapor from the deaerated stock flowing along the surface of the shell portion 6 are drawn through the curtain of liquid falling from the skirt 30 and thence into the spaces 31 and 32. Any foam emanating from the stock suspension is broken by the liquid curtain and is discharged through the outlet 29 along with the used cooling liquid and the major portion of the condensate. Although the major portion of the vapor is condensed in the space 31, the rest thereof is carried over together with the released air into the space 32 from which they are removed through the vacuum connection 25.
  • the efficiency of deaeration may be increased by causing the released air and vapor to flow in countercurrent with respect to the downfiowing film of stock in the shell 6 as the result of increasing the diameter of the funnelshaped top 27 of the shell 26 and also increasing its height so that its upper end terminates slightly below the top of the cylindrical shell portion 6 or 37.
  • suitable deflectors may be employed to provide a tangential component of travel and thus increase the length of travel.
  • Outlets 13, 25 and 29 constitute barometric legs.
  • a method for degasifying aqueous suspensions of cellulosic fibers the steps of, continuously supplying a gascontaining suspension to a degasifying chamber, distributing a flow of said suspension as a flowing continuous film over an internal surface of said chamber while maintaining within said chamber a vacuum sufiicient to cause boiling of said suspension at its existing temperature whereby to vaporize a portion of the liquid of said suspension and to release gases therefrom, first condensing the vapor then removing from said chamber condensed vapor and released gases through separate outlets, and removing the degasified suspension from said chamber through a separate outlet.
  • Apparatus for degasifying a liquid suspension of cellulosic fibers including a closed degasifying chamber having a vertical cylindrical upper portion provided with a domed top, means for axially supplying and radially distributing a flow of the liquid suspension from the central portion of said top outwardly to a vertical surface of said cylindrical upper portion whereby to form a continuous downwardly flowing film of said suspension, means for maintaining said degasifying chamber under a vacuum sufficient to cause said liquid suspension to boil at its existing temperature whereby to release gases and vapor therefrom, means within the degasifying chamber for condensing said vapor, means for removing said gases, means for removing vapor condensate, and means for separately discharging the degasified liquid suspension.
  • said liquid suspension supplying means includes an axial supply pipe having its upper end terminating adjacent the top of said chamber whereby to define in conjunction with said top a circumferential slot for effecting radial distribution of said suspension.
  • said condensing means is constructed concentrically around said axial supply pipe and includes a closed-bottom open-top inner shell connected to a vacuum source, a deep skirt depending from the upper end of said supply pipe and enclosing the upper end of said inner shell, means for supplying coolant liquid to the inside of said skirt from the upper end thereof, an open-top outer shell surrounding the lower portion of said inner shell and terminating at its upper end in a portion of larger diameter encompassing the lower end of said skirt, and means for discharging condensate and used coolant liquid from said outer shell.
  • said condensing means is constructed concentrically around said axial supply pipe and includes a closed-bottom open-top inner shell connected to a vacuum source, a deep skirt depending from the upper end of said supply pipe and enclosing the upper end of said inner shell, means for supplying coolant liquid to the inside of said skirt from the upper end thereof, an open top outer shell surrounding the lower portion of said inner shell and terminating at its upper end in a portion of larger diameter encompassing the lower end of said skirt, and means for discharging condensate and used coolant liquid from said outer shell.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US677940A 1966-12-15 1967-10-25 Method and apparatus for deaerating liquid suspensions Expired - Lifetime US3494101A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE17181/66A SE331946B (de) 1966-12-15 1966-12-15

Publications (1)

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US3494101A true US3494101A (en) 1970-02-10

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US677940A Expired - Lifetime US3494101A (en) 1966-12-15 1967-10-25 Method and apparatus for deaerating liquid suspensions

Country Status (14)

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US (1) US3494101A (de)
JP (1) JPS4936187B1 (de)
AT (1) AT278504B (de)
BE (1) BE707918A (de)
BG (1) BG15770A3 (de)
CH (1) CH459151A (de)
DE (1) DE1619942B2 (de)
ES (2) ES348323A1 (de)
FI (1) FI51906C (de)
FR (1) FR1549672A (de)
GB (1) GB1167257A (de)
NL (1) NL6717105A (de)
SE (1) SE331946B (de)
SU (1) SU660569A3 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4140500A (en) * 1977-11-30 1979-02-20 Enso-Gutzeit Osakeyhtio Means for separating gas from a liquid suspension
US20070137488A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2007-06-21 Streiff Felix A Static devolatilisation apparatus and method for a liquid containing polymers
US8888898B1 (en) 2012-07-30 2014-11-18 Google Inc. Vacuum filling and degasification system
CN107313116A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-03 兰州蓝星纤维有限公司 一种用于湿纺法喷丝头的排气装置及其使用方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007037941A1 (de) * 2007-08-11 2009-02-19 Tuchenhagen Dairy Systems Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entgasung eines flüssigen Produkts, insbesondere flüssiger Nahrungsmittel
DE202007019361U1 (de) 2007-08-11 2012-03-14 Gea Tds Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Entgasung eines flüssigen Produkts, insbesondere flüssiger Nahrungsmittel
DE102010003849A1 (de) 2010-04-12 2011-10-13 Voith Patent Gmbh Entgasung
CN111632407A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2020-09-08 南京保立隆包装机械有限公司 液体薄膜制作器及其工作方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US945640A (en) * 1909-09-09 1910-01-04 Paul Thelen Apparatus for evaporating liquids.
US2428045A (en) * 1942-04-09 1947-09-30 Cornell Res Foundation Inc Liquid treating apparatus
US2751031A (en) * 1953-05-21 1956-06-19 Clark & Vicario Corp Conditioning paper-making stock
US2876860A (en) * 1956-11-13 1959-03-10 Clark & Vicario Corp De-aerating hydrocyclones
US3010692A (en) * 1959-11-20 1961-11-28 Robertson Co H H Expansible conical plug valve
US3214903A (en) * 1963-03-14 1965-11-02 Buehler Corp Jet boat nozzle
US3355364A (en) * 1965-09-22 1967-11-28 Hammond Roland Philip Plural conduit flash film evaporator for distilling and condensing sea water

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US945640A (en) * 1909-09-09 1910-01-04 Paul Thelen Apparatus for evaporating liquids.
US2428045A (en) * 1942-04-09 1947-09-30 Cornell Res Foundation Inc Liquid treating apparatus
US2751031A (en) * 1953-05-21 1956-06-19 Clark & Vicario Corp Conditioning paper-making stock
US2876860A (en) * 1956-11-13 1959-03-10 Clark & Vicario Corp De-aerating hydrocyclones
US3010692A (en) * 1959-11-20 1961-11-28 Robertson Co H H Expansible conical plug valve
US3214903A (en) * 1963-03-14 1965-11-02 Buehler Corp Jet boat nozzle
US3355364A (en) * 1965-09-22 1967-11-28 Hammond Roland Philip Plural conduit flash film evaporator for distilling and condensing sea water

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4140500A (en) * 1977-11-30 1979-02-20 Enso-Gutzeit Osakeyhtio Means for separating gas from a liquid suspension
US20070137488A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2007-06-21 Streiff Felix A Static devolatilisation apparatus and method for a liquid containing polymers
US7942955B2 (en) * 2005-12-21 2011-05-17 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Static devolatilisation apparatus and method for a liquid containing polymers
US8888898B1 (en) 2012-07-30 2014-11-18 Google Inc. Vacuum filling and degasification system
CN107313116A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-03 兰州蓝星纤维有限公司 一种用于湿纺法喷丝头的排气装置及其使用方法
CN107313116B (zh) * 2016-04-26 2023-04-07 兰州蓝星纤维有限公司 一种用于湿纺法喷丝头的排气装置及其使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SU660569A3 (ru) 1979-04-30
JPS4936187B1 (de) 1974-09-28
CH459151A (de) 1968-07-15
GB1167257A (en) 1969-10-15
SE331946B (de) 1971-01-18
ES348323A1 (es) 1969-03-01
NL6717105A (de) 1968-06-17
AT278504B (de) 1970-02-10
FI51906B (de) 1977-01-31
DE1619942B2 (de) 1971-03-25
FI51906C (fi) 1977-05-10
FR1549672A (de) 1968-12-13
BE707918A (de) 1968-04-16
DE1619942A1 (de) 1970-09-24
BG15770A3 (bg) 1972-05-20
ES354797A1 (es) 1969-11-01

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