US3492050A - Feeder for nonflowing powders - Google Patents

Feeder for nonflowing powders Download PDF

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Publication number
US3492050A
US3492050A US767615A US3492050DA US3492050A US 3492050 A US3492050 A US 3492050A US 767615 A US767615 A US 767615A US 3492050D A US3492050D A US 3492050DA US 3492050 A US3492050 A US 3492050A
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United States
Prior art keywords
powder
disc
container
holes
feeder
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US767615A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rene D Colinet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
La Soudure Electrique Autogene SA
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La Soudure Electrique Autogene SA
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Application filed by La Soudure Electrique Autogene SA filed Critical La Soudure Electrique Autogene SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
    • B05B7/144—Arrangements for supplying particulate material the means for supplying particulate material comprising moving mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/34—Details
    • B65G53/40—Feeding or discharging devices
    • B65G53/46—Gates or sluices, e.g. rotary wheels
    • B65G53/4608—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material
    • B65G53/4616—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning parallel to flow

Definitions

  • a feeder for nonflowing powders including a container for the powder, a disc submerged in the powder and having transverse holes distributed around it, means for turning the disc on an axis displaced from the vertical, means for turning the container to cause powder to enter the holes from both faces of the disc, shear plates on opposite sides of the disc removing excess of powder, a discharge opening which sequentially cooperates with the holes, and means for projecting a gas flow through the holes and into the discharge opening.
  • a gas-tight casing surrounds the feeder and includes an air-locking section, means for sealing the air-locking section from the section surrounding the container and the disc, and means for feeding powder from the air-locking section into the container.
  • the present invention deals with extremely fine powders of submicron range (a micron is 0.001 of a millimeter or 0.001 of 0.039 inch) in materials which adhere to themselves even when substantially dry and not compressed except under their own weight.
  • a powder is common wheat flour used in baking bread or pastry.
  • Other examples of such powder are titanium dioxide, alumina, or zirconium oxide, extremely fine, as used for example in hot spraying with a plasma torch.
  • inert gases such as argon, and helium, and also air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and any other suitable gas which may be employed.
  • a purpose of the present invention is to improved mechanism for feeding nonflowing powders and to obtain a more uniform output.
  • a further purpose is to permit refilling a powder reservoir without interrupting or altering the delivery of the powder to the plasma torch or other point of use.
  • Another purpose is to protect the powder from alteration by air (oxidation) or by humidity (packing or sticking) from the moment the powder is loaded into the device until it leaves as a suspension in a gas stream.
  • a further purpose is to gently agitate the entire mass of powder without compressing it, to prevent segregation when the powder consists of several different ingredients which may have different specific weights, different grain sizes, different shapes of grains, or some combination of these features.
  • the device of the present invention operates upon the principle of separating from the mass a precise small volume of loose powder, enclosing it for protection and to prevent leakage until it is to enter the gas stream, and then blasting it by a gas jet which will add this new increment of powder to the gas stream. Successive volumes follow the first volume with overlapping blasts (no interruption) and so on as long as powder remains available in the device.
  • FIGURE 1 is a central vertical section through the device of the invention, including the container and disc, but omitting the gas-tight casing, the section being taken on the line 11 of FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the device of FIGURE 1, partly in section.
  • FIGURE 3 is a detail side elevation of the disc of the invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a section of FIGURE 3 on the line 44.
  • FIGURE 5 is a vertical section of FIGURE 2 on the line 55.
  • FIGURE 6 is a vertical section of FIGURE 2 on the line 6-6.
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 show how powder enters opposite sides of the holes in the disc.
  • FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary side elevation looking to- Ward the disc and the shear plates, showing how the powder which has entered both ends of each hole is sealed and carried to a gas blasting stream.
  • FIGURE 8 is a stepwise diagram of the relation of successive holes in the disc to the discharge opening, illustrating that the gas flow is uninterrupted due to lack of obstruction at any time.
  • FIGURE 9 is a central vertical section of the feeder of the invention surrounded by a gas-tight casing, showing how the nonfiowing powder can be replenished without interruption of feeding, or contamination or loss of gas pressure.
  • FIGURE 10 is a top plan viewof FIGURE 9, showing only the auxiliary container.
  • a wheel or disc is keyed onto a shaft 21, the shaft also carrying a bevelled gear pinion 22 and being journalled on antifriction bearings 23 held in a housing 24.
  • Another bevel gear pinion 25 mounted on a suitably vertical shaft 26 meshes with the pinion 22.
  • the shaft 26 is journalled in antifriction bearings 27 in the housing, and also carries a spur gear pinion 28 which meshes with a larger gear 30 which is centered and attached as by bolts 31 to a round container 32.
  • the gear 30 is mounted on a vertical shaft 33 which is journalled on a sleeve hearing 34, supported on a plate 35 removably mounted by screws 36 on a casing to be described.
  • the disc 20 fits into the container 32 as best seen in FIGURE 1 so that portions of the discs are in contact with powder in the container on both sides of the plane of axes 21 and 26 as later explained.
  • the disc 20 allows large clearance all around within the container to permit flow of powder under motion of the container.
  • both the disc 20 and the container 32 rotate in unison but at different speeds.
  • the disc 20 turns four times as fast as the container 32.
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 best show the detail of construction of the disc 20.
  • a row of holes 46 which are arranged in a circle around the axis of the disc, the holes 46 all being of identical size and identically spaced.
  • the holes 46 preferably extend straight across transversely from one side to the other of the disc and act as measuring pockets for the powder.
  • Located toward the center opening 47 is a series of larger holes 48 and 50 which do not participate in measuring the powder but relieve pressure by permitting powder to flow through these larger holes from one side of the disc to the other. While other shapes of pockets might be used, it is considered preferable that the holes 46 be cylindrical and that their axis be parallel to the shaft 21.
  • FIGURE is shown a mass of powder 51 introduced into the container 32 at a level approximately the center of the disc 20, while the disc 20 is rotating in the direction of the arrow 53. Due to the combined rotation of the powder 51 packs and presses gently against the underface of the disc 20 in the portion of the disc which is penetrating into the powder mass in the container. The powder 32 thus penetrates into the rim holes 46 as suggested at 51, but does not normally fill such holes 46 entirely at this point because of the nonflowing character of the powder and the low pressure produced because of the escape of powder through relief holes 48 and 50 in the disc 20, and also escape of powder between the disc 20 and the wall of the container 32.
  • the particular hole 46 under study has moved with the disc to a position on the opposite side of the plane of axes 21 and 26 where the primary pressure of the powder on the disc will be against the other side of the disc.
  • the stationary plow 37 deflects the powder adhering to the outer wall of the container 32 toward the center, and this deflected powder is caused by the rotation of the container to strike against the upper face of the disc 20 in its portion which is moving upward.
  • the holes 46 begin to be filled from the upper face. of the wheel, as shown at 55, completing the penetration which was begun from the underface of the wheel as explained in reference to FIGURE 5.
  • the holes 46 which are filled to or beyond the brim move further upward and in between the shear and sealing plates 40 and 41, these plates or their rubber linings shearing off the excess of powder on both faces of the disc 20.
  • any later fallout or leakage of powder from the holes 46 is prevented until the holes reach the top of the wheel and line up with a discharge opening 56 which is connected to a discharge hose to the plasma torch or the like and a cooperating inlet gas opening 57 on the other side of disc 20 and in line with discharge opening 56.
  • the diameters of the discharge opening and the inlet gas opening should be at least as large or the same size as the holes 46.
  • the inlet opening 57 in the simplest form of the invention is connected with a source of pressurized gas such as air, argon or nitrogen.
  • a spacer plate 58 is provided between the linings of the shear plates 40 and 41 having desirably approximately the same thickness as the thickness of the disc 20.
  • the shear plates, rubber sheets and spacer plate are united by bolts, not shown, and supported ultimately from the housing 24.
  • the spacing 60 between the holes in the disc is desirably smaller than the common diameter of the holes and the gas discharge opening 56 and the gas inlet opening 57. Therefore, as shown by the five progressive positions in FIGURE 8, the gas flow through the discharge opening is never interrupted. Instead, powder is carried away by the gas in a continuous stream without noticeable pulsation or mometary loss or reduction of pressure which would otherwise cause settling of the powder in the discharge opening 56 or the hose connected thereto.
  • powder is transferred continuously from the container 32 to the gas suspension stream, it soon becomes necessary to refill the container 32. This could, of course, be done manually with a spoon, a conveyor belt or otherwise, without interrupting the operation of the disc 20.
  • the enclosure as shown includes a first part 67 having a base 68, a lower housing 70, containing parts concerned with the drive, a connecting ring 71 which supports the plate 35 through bolts and wing nuts 36, an upper housing 72 suitably of a transparent material such as a plastic, a top ring 73 and a cover 74 suitably of transparent plastic.
  • the air-locking casing 75 has a bottom 76, a suitably transparent side wall 77 and a cover 78 attached by screws and wing nuts 80 and having a filling opening 81 closed by a cover 82 having a rubber gasket 82 and held in place by spring fastenings 83.
  • auxiliary container 84 having a bottom 85 and side walls '86 and preferably made of transparent material such as a plastic.
  • the bottom has as best seen in FIGURE a ring of identical feeding openings 87 extending around its circumference, equally spaced.
  • the auxiliary container 84 is rotatably supported on a shaft 88 journalled at 90 in the bottom of the air-locking casing, turned by a hand wheel 91 and having keyed thereon a spur gear 92 which indexes one notch at a time by engagement with a spring detent 93 as well known in the art, acting from the casing.
  • a sealing and discharge tube 94 extending downward and in precise registry with it in the top of the upper enclosure 75 there is a plunger cylinder 95 of approximately the same diameter, in which operates a plunger 96 manipulated vertically by a handle 97 and sealed by a gasket 98.
  • the plunger With the auxiliary container 84 filled with non-flowing powder 100 and indexed to bring a mass of powder below the plunger, the plunger is moved downward through the cooperating feeding opening 87 in the bottom of the upper container and through the sealing and discharge tube 94 to project a quantity of powder into the container 32.
  • the plunger is retracted to the position shown in FIGURE 9 and the auxiliary container is indexed one notch to bring the next hole 87 into line with the plunger.
  • the plow 101 supported from the cover 78 tends to feed powder to fill the void left by the last charge of powder removed from the upper container, the plow 101 being supported from the cover and remaining stationary.
  • the plunger 96 is first pushed down into sealing and discharge tube 94, and then the cover 82 is removed and the auxiliary container 84 is filled with powder.
  • the hand wheel 91 is turned one notch bringing powder under the plunger. Then the plunger is pushed all the way down and it forcibly feeds powder into the container 32.
  • the feeding can be repeated many more times than the number of holes 87 in the bottom 85 of the auxiliary container because rotating the upper container 84 throws powder from the center outward due to the plow 101 and refills the cavities left by the retracted plunger so that more powder can be expelled.
  • the height of the container 32 is as shown or whether the container is shallower, with the disc 20 turning on a horizontal axis, in which case the shaft 21 can extend over the rim of the container.
  • This form is not preferred because powder may then easily be lost over the rim of the container 32.
  • a feeder for nonflowing powder comprising a container for the powder having an axis, a disc at least partially submerged in the powder within the container and engaging the powder on both sides of the disc, said disc having transverse holes distributed around its circumference, means for turning the disc on an axis which is displaced from the vertical, means for turning the container about its axis, whereby powder enters the holes from one face of the disc and also enters the same holes from the opposite face of the disc, shear plates on opposite sides of the disc removing excess powder extending beyond the holes, a discharge opening cooperating sequentially with the holes after the excess of powder has been sheared off, and means for projecting a gas flow through the holes and into the discharge opening.
  • a feeder of claim 1 in which the holes are equally spaced, spacing between the holes is substantially narrower than their diameter, and the gas flow into the discharge opening is uninterrupted.
  • a feeder of claim 2 in which the speed of the disc is greater than the speed of the container.
  • a feeder of claim 3 in which the container turns on a vertical axis and the disc turns on an axis inclined to the vertical.
  • a feeder of claim 4 in which there are additional holes in the disc toward the center of the disc with respect to said holes first mentioned, acting to relieve pressure on the disc.
  • a feeder of claim 5 in combination with stationary plow means in the container deflecting powder toward the center thereof.
  • the gas-tight casing comprises a first section surrounding the disc and the container, an air-locking section, means for sealing the air-locking section from the first section and refilling powder into the air-locking section, and means for feeding powder from the air-locking section into the container.
  • a feeder of claim 8 in which the air-locking section comprises an auxiliary container having perforations in the bottom, and plunger means aligning with the perforations for pushing increments of powder through the perforations and into the container in the first section.
  • a feeder of claim 1 in which the speed of the disc is greater than the speed of the container.
  • a feeder of claim 1 in which the container turns on a vertical axis and the disc turns on an axis inclined to the vertical.
  • a feeder of claim 1 in which there are additional holes in the disc toward the center of the disc with respect to said holes first mentioned, acting to relieve pressure.
  • a feeder of claim 1 in combination with stationary plow means in the container deflecting powder toward the center thereof.
  • a feeder of claim 1 in combination with a gastight casing around the feeder, there being gas at elevated pressure therein.
  • a feeder of claim 1 in which the gas-tight casing comprises a first section surrounding the disc and container, an air-locking section, means for sealing the airlocking section from the first section and refilling powder into the air-locking section, and means for feeding powder from the air-locking section into the container.
US767615A 1968-10-15 1968-10-15 Feeder for nonflowing powders Expired - Lifetime US3492050A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US76761568A 1968-10-15 1968-10-15

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US3492050A true US3492050A (en) 1970-01-27

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US (1) US3492050A (de)
BE (1) BE732568A (de)
DE (1) DE1951521A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2020706A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1223243A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2387880A1 (fr) * 1977-04-19 1978-11-17 Zimmermann Azo Maschf Dispositif pour doser un materiau en vrac dans un appareil de transport a fonctionnement pneumatique
DE2728386A1 (de) * 1977-06-24 1979-01-11 Zimmermann Azo Maschf Vorrichtung zum dosieren von schuettgut im pneumatischen foerderstrom
US4179232A (en) * 1978-04-14 1979-12-18 Laseter Douglas E Material conveyor
US4234272A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-11-18 Laseter Douglas E Material conveyor
FR2488573A1 (fr) * 1980-08-18 1982-02-19 Laseter Douglas Procede et appareil de transport de quantites mesurees ou etalonnees de matiere granulaire
DE3102847A1 (de) * 1981-01-29 1982-08-19 Azo-Maschinenfabrik Adolf Zimmermann Gmbh, 6960 Osterburken Vorrichtung zum dosieren von schuettgut in einem pneumatischen foerderstrom

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0347544A3 (de) * 1988-06-23 1990-09-19 Nordson Corporation Vorrichtung zum Auftragen eines pulver- oder flockenförmigen Materials auf ein Substrat

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2314031A (en) * 1941-02-19 1943-03-16 Richard R Colburn Apparatus for pneumatically distributing powdered and granular material
US2740672A (en) * 1953-03-11 1956-04-03 Fuller Co Conveying apparatus
US3240533A (en) * 1963-09-09 1966-03-15 Possis Machine Corp Coating apparatus having slidable flow control member
US3268266A (en) * 1964-03-26 1966-08-23 Rex Chainbelt Inc Pneumatic conveyor system and method
US3403942A (en) * 1966-12-28 1968-10-01 Rader Pneumatics & Eng Co Ltd Particulate material feeding apparatus for fluid conveyor lines

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2314031A (en) * 1941-02-19 1943-03-16 Richard R Colburn Apparatus for pneumatically distributing powdered and granular material
US2740672A (en) * 1953-03-11 1956-04-03 Fuller Co Conveying apparatus
US3240533A (en) * 1963-09-09 1966-03-15 Possis Machine Corp Coating apparatus having slidable flow control member
US3268266A (en) * 1964-03-26 1966-08-23 Rex Chainbelt Inc Pneumatic conveyor system and method
US3403942A (en) * 1966-12-28 1968-10-01 Rader Pneumatics & Eng Co Ltd Particulate material feeding apparatus for fluid conveyor lines

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2387880A1 (fr) * 1977-04-19 1978-11-17 Zimmermann Azo Maschf Dispositif pour doser un materiau en vrac dans un appareil de transport a fonctionnement pneumatique
US4200414A (en) * 1977-04-19 1980-04-29 Azo-Maschinenfabrik Adolf Zimmermann Gmbh Apparatus for the dosaging of bulk material in a pneumatically conveyed stream
DE2728386A1 (de) * 1977-06-24 1979-01-11 Zimmermann Azo Maschf Vorrichtung zum dosieren von schuettgut im pneumatischen foerderstrom
US4179232A (en) * 1978-04-14 1979-12-18 Laseter Douglas E Material conveyor
US4234272A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-11-18 Laseter Douglas E Material conveyor
FR2488573A1 (fr) * 1980-08-18 1982-02-19 Laseter Douglas Procede et appareil de transport de quantites mesurees ou etalonnees de matiere granulaire
DE3044139A1 (de) * 1980-08-18 1982-02-25 Dougles E. 39211 Jackson Miss. Laseter "verfahren zum foerdern von material und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens"
US4376601A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-03-15 Laseter Douglas E Material conveyor
DE3102847A1 (de) * 1981-01-29 1982-08-19 Azo-Maschinenfabrik Adolf Zimmermann Gmbh, 6960 Osterburken Vorrichtung zum dosieren von schuettgut in einem pneumatischen foerderstrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2020706A1 (de) 1970-07-17
DE1951521A1 (de) 1970-04-23
GB1223243A (en) 1971-02-24
BE732568A (de) 1969-10-16

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